Newspapers / The Carolina Times (Durham, … / Aug. 11, 1956, edition 1 / Page 2
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PAGE TWO THl CAIOLIWA «mtS SATtmPAY, AUG. II, iHt IHE GULUP POll ON THE NEGRO VOIE The Gallup Poll which al most galk^i^ to death dur ing the pre^dential campaign of 1948, when it predicted so emphatically that Thomas E. Dewey, would defeat the late Franklin D. Roosevelt for the presidency that nationally nown magazines got caught out on the umb with Dewey’s picture on the front page cov er, is at it agun. This time the G^lup PoU, in a series of arti cles, plainly designed to mini mize the threat of Northt^ Negroes to return to the Re- {Miblican Party, has arleady voted every Negro in the North for the Democratic Presidential nominee in the November election. In its initial article on the subject in which its asks the question, “Is The Northern Negro Switching To The GOP?” the Gallup Poll an swers emphatically that he is not because “the Negro still tends to base his poUtics on his pocketbook instead of his race — and when the Negro thinks of his pocketbook he thinks Democratic.” Now this newspaper does not have the finance nor the trained staff which the Gall up Poll claims to have and use in making surveys on which its predictions are bas ed. For the most part our domain is confined to the South, principally that part of it known as North and South, Carolina. We therefore are not in position to know the sentiment of our brethren in the North. In spite of what the Gallup Poll has to say, however, we cannot under stand how Negroes, North or South, could vote the Denio- cratic national ticket when that party has enthroned such men as Senator Eastland as chairman of practically eveiy important committee in both houses of Congress. Any Ne gro of average intelligence knows that tJie fate of all legislation, civil rights or no civil rights, is usually deter mined in a committee room long before it ever reaches the floor of Congress. If the Gallup Poll is right it is going to take as many years to wrest the Negro voters from the Democratic fold because of what FDR did for them as it did to wrest them from the Republican fold because of what Abraham Lincoln did for them. In this we cannot agree because of the fact that the southern Ne gro vote is growing with leaps and bounds, especially in states like North Carolina, South Carolina, Virgina, Texas and Tennessee. It is our honest belief that even in the November election the Ne gro vote. North and South, lo cal and state, may for the most part remain Democratic but when it comes to the presidential election will de finitely show a swing to the GOP fold. Southern and Northern Ne groes are aware of the part Southern Congressmen are playing as heads of important committees in the Congress to keep Civil Rights legislation from reaching the floor of both houses with favor. They know that even though we have had a Republican presi dent we have had a Con gress controlled principally by Southern Democrats and that as long as this situation obtains no party can vote any civil rights legislation that is favorable to the Ne^o. The greatest strides in the direction of civil rights for the Negro was made imderl Roosevelt who because of World War II was delegated powers to issue executive or ders that are never delegated to a president in the time of peace. In spite of all the talk ing, President Truman did about FEPC and other civil rights legislation the Demo cratic Congr^ he headed never passed a single piece of civil rights legislation. It is our belief that if Eisen hower is re-elected and given a Republican Congress that the greatest strides in' the field of civil rights in the his tory of this nation will be forthcoming. Certainly the past record shows thefe is no hope of such so long as the Democratic Party which is the haven of the South is in the saddle. A MILUON DOLUeS FOR DEFENSE Our esteemed contempor ary, the Afro-Am9Tican of Baltimore, in an editorial of August 4, entitled “NAACP’s FIRST DUTY,” says that “even if it means the payment of $10,000; $100,000 or a mil lion in southern fines that the organization’s first duty is to protect its members from fear, oppression and unlaw ful discrimination.” Says the Afro further, “that kind of courage in the face of the known fact that judges and lawyers in Alabama have sworn to defy the Supreme Court through the White Citizens Councils and are members of the Councils in dicates the seriousness of the case and the determination of the colored people to be gov erned by democratic practices alone.” “To insist upon enjoyment of all the rights guaranteed by tiie United States Con stitution is not contemptuous, but patriotism of the kind that has made America the beacon light for all men who dream and struggle to be free.” In all of this we concur. However, we would like to go a little further and pro pose that every institution for righteousness and right in America begia now in an all- out effort to back the NAACP with funds ~in its fight against those who, .under the cloak and disguise of protect ing state’s rights, would de stroy an organization that has done so much to preserve Democracy which in the end protects the rights of Ameri can citizens of all races, creeds and colors. Let there be no mistake a- bout it rabid southerners, the kind that concocted the Pear sall Plan, the White Citizens Councils, the Patriots and DUPEC, will stop at nothing to perpetuate their way of life^ The nearer death a wounded beast becomes the more desperate and vicious his attaclu. The attempt to smear Dr. Douglas B. Magg with conununism because he had the courage to appear .be fore the special session of the General Assembly of this state in defense of the Su preme Court of the United States is a sample of what ends they will resort to in an effort to promote the cause of segregation. The action of the bloc now being formed by the south ern governors to back to the hilt those who want to destroy the NAACP, other organi zations and individuals who are determined to uphold the democratic way of life is just a dress reheard of what is to come. Our churches, fra ternal organizations, clubs, groups and individu^ of all Mnds may as well prepare for an all-out stand in defense of the NAACP. If it is necessary to raise one million dollars for the protection of our bre- theren in this and other south ern states it must and will be done. We think though that if sufficient financi^ support is given the NAACP now it may be in ^position to defeat its adversaries before a more difficult problem arises. A million new memberships should be the goal now. If every'membCT m tbe organi zation would dedicate him self to the task of getting just three new members we be lieve the raising of a million dollars would be easily real ized. TALK IS FINE, BUT WHAT IS NEEDED NOW IS ACTION. REGISIER FOR THE SPECUU. ELECTION The registration books for the special election on the Pearsall Plan t6 be held on September 8 will open Satur day and remain open for three consecutive Saturdays. It is our hope that every Negro citizen who has not register ed will avail himself of the opportunity to do so during these three Saturdays. We urge you that have already registered to use your influ ence with those who have not and see that every Ne^o citi zen in your community regis ters and votes. Crying, fuin- ing and fretting about our in justices will do no good. Wish ful thinking will not help, the only language understo^ by the ^ants and -ruthless politicians is' liiat of power and the ballot box. If every pastor of every church in every community will devote five or ten min utes in an appeal to the peo ple of their congregations to register and vote and explain to them the issues in the com ing elation we are sure the people will respond fav6rably. Likewise leaders of all elute, lodges, fraternities and other groups should insist on mem bers of their respective groups re^tering and voting. We call upon individuals to take time out and make a door to door canvass of every home and business in order that our people may be aroused to the importance of casting their ballots in this election. In many sections of the state ignorant registrars and officials will endeavor to in timidate Negroes who present themselves for registration. Various and sundry tricks and uses will be resorted to and we urge our people to be on guard and not allow them selves tb be drawn into argu ments or discussions about why you should be allowed to register. If you feel that you have been unjustly refused registration we advise that you write or wire this news paper inmiediately and we will endeavor to secure the proper legal assistance to aid you in getting registered. In all communities there are to be found some upright white citizens who will be willing to advise you what to do. We urge you to seek their cooperation in your efforts to register and vote. Again we warn all against arguments discussions of the issues in volved in the Pearsall Plan. The strongest argument you can make against the plan is to register and vote. At the present it appears that the number of intelligent white people who are against the plan is increasing. You can aid them by conducting your selves in an intelligent and cultured manner whatever the circustances. Getting angry won’t help but registering and voting in large numbers will. SATURDAY AVGUST Ih 1956 L. E. Avmm , .. Publither M. E. Johnson Butinets Manager Cl*thah Bom Xditor W. A. Hennsssbk Advertising Manager WXHSTOM--SALEM OFncE; 304 North Chuhch Street — Phone 5-0869 Published Every Saturday by th« UNITXB PUBU^HSSS, Is^. at 4S6 i. fetOgnw St. “ *«»«»4,ela«» matter at tb* Post Carolina under the No Kuarantee at publication of unwUcitad material. Letters to the editor ior pi&Ucatlwi must be signed and confined to 300 words. Subscription Rates; 10c per copy; Six months, $2.M; On* Year, 91.00 (Foreign Couatrles, $4.00 per y«ar.) s FACING THETSSUE J^y DB. A. H. GORDON Integration WUl Help Solve ■— OUR TEACHER SHORTAGE In this column we have pre viously called attention to the little noticed fact that integra tion of the public schools of the South would help solve the problem of a shortage in school buildings in this section. Today we wish to call attention to the companion significant fact that an honest effort to implement desegregation ruling of our Su preme Court would also go a long way, especially in the South, toward solving the teach er shortage which we have here in common with other sections of the country. It is generally admitted by those "in the know" in educa tional circles in the South that there is a surplus of trained Ne gro teachers in this section whereas the shortage of teach ers applies mainly to the, Sup ply of white teachers. If pupils are integrated in the schools of the South, as they should Ije, teachers will also be integrated. In general tha-Jntegratfon and consolidation of the public schools wilT result in. the need for a smaller number of teach ers than the number now being used simply l>ecause under the present foolish and^ expensive dual system many small schools which now have to maintain tr] full staff for a small number of students can be oonsolidated and integrated with other small schools heretofore for only one or the other races and the re sultant school can be adequately conducted without the number of teachers in both schools now operated under the dual system. Since we have a siurplus of Ne gro teachers and an undersup- pl^of white teachers the result of integration and consolidation of students and teachers would result in all the qualified tea chers of both races being used and the Negro surplus would disappear and the demand for teachers for white students would also be met with either white or colored teachers needed. If the proverbal “Man from Mars” should visit North Caro lina, or any Southern state, and read tliis article or of I should meet him and speak it to him he would think, I am sure, that it is an excellent suggestion that should receive wide-spread ac- c^tance as an excellent by product of integration of the public schools of the South. Alast the wliite people of the South are not Men from Mars. Our white neighbors here in “Dixie” are enslaved by what they fondly call “southern tra ditions.” One of these tradi tions is that Negroes should not teach white people. It is satis factory for Negro teachers to teach Negroes but never should a Negro, however wise or well trained, be placed in the posi tion of a leader or teacher of a wliite person, however igno rant or inexperienced that wtiite person may be. Whenever white people here in the South talk about integration of the schools they always proceed upon the assumption that if schools are mixed the teachers - must be white. Reasoning on tiiis falae premise they conclude that Ne gro teachers would lose tluir jobs -^erever integration takes place. This is a strange line of reasoning since white people in the South have' always used colored women as nurses of their children and l^ive given them much diacilinary authorl-: ty in their up-t>ringlng. It should be an easy transition from nur sing to teaching. We recomniend this as not only possible but de sirable. We think that one reason why white people of the South do not desire to have Negro teach ers is that they fear the Negro teachers will not pass on by pre cept and example those “south ern traditions” to which we re ferred to above. Tills, we think, would be an advantage in that those traditions are outmoded in a' country wliich aspires to l>e a democracy. The real issue seem* to be that the white peo ple of this section do not really want to develop a democratic society. This is a biff mistake. AN AMERICAN'S IMPRESSIONS OF THE IIFE OF GHANDI By MARY The second Salt March was led by Ghandi’s son and Sara}M Naidu; Ghandi was now catching up with his rest and woik. in jail. The Salt March and its aftermath did two things: 1. It gave the Indians the con viction tiiat they could lift the yoke of foreign domination from their riioulders; - 2. ft made the British aware, perhaps tor the first time, that they were subjugating India; 3. It was inevitable that one dayi in ttie not too distant fu ture, that India would refuse to be ruled. Ghandi’s philosopny of edu cation is summarized in the one sentence; “if we can de velop each child’s spirit and ability, we have done all that education can do.” He said that the noblest and best education was the philosophy of non-vio lence resistance grotmded upon truth and Ahisma. He devoted much of his time to the train ing of children. The outstanding spiritual geniuses of modem India through 1048 may be listed as Rabindranth Tagore and Mahat ma Ghandi. Tagore once wrote the British viceroy, “the time has come when the badges of honor make our shame glaring in the incongruous context of humiliation, and I for my part wish to stand shorn of all special distinctions by the side of those of my countrymen who, for their so called insignifi cance, are liable to suffer de gradation not fit for human be ings.” Mr. K. R. Kirpalanl wrote;— “Though Ghandi had become the spearhead of Indian nation alism and Tagore was looked upon as the prophet of interna tionalism, Ghandi’s mission of liberation embraces the entire humanity and Tagore’s love of his country was as deeply rooted and intense as Ghandi’s.*' I am wedded to India, says Ghandi because I believe absolutely that she has a mission for the world. My religion has no geographi cal limitsf I have a living faith in it which will transcend even my love for Initia herself. “Again;” for me, patriotism la the same as humanity; I am pa triotic because I am human and humane. My patriotism is not L. MnJLS exclusive. I will not hurt Eng land or Germany-to serve India; a xjatriot is so much less a pa triot if he is a lukewarm hu manitarian.” /Tagore’s patriot ism needs no advocate. His songs have been on the Ups of Ben gal’s martyrs being led to the gallows. He wanted the freedom of India not that she might shut herself off in isolation nor that she would lord it over other na tions, but that she might be in position to offer to the world her l>est they had to offer. He re sented India’s subjugation be cause to continue existence as the eternal ‘rag-pickers at other peoples dust bins’/ is of the greatest shame. “All humanity’s greatest is mine. The infinite personality of man can only come from the magnificient hacr mony of all human races. My prayer is that India may repre sent the cooperation of all the peoples of the earth. For India unity is Truth and division evil.” Both Tagore and Ghandi and their followers answering the call of their country spent much of their time in prison as prison' ers, glorious prisoners they might have considered them selves, in the cause of their bC' loved India. Ghandi went on enumerable fasts not only in re taliation to the British but at time when his fellow country' men would slip and needed to be brought back into the folds, or to bring harmony among them. He did extensive writing for some of the Indian newspa pers. He was referred to as reminder of the Apostle Paul; a revolutionary of a most dan gerous type; a ciiarlatan; a mad man; a visionary; a menance to British rule; an astute politician who hides his real design un der them adc of guiles simpll city an irresponsible and un scrupulous agitator; a country cousin; the savior of his coun try; and the egregious Mr. Ghandi.” rnidLm equal-..? / Spiritual Insight 'THIS IS THE LORD'S DOING" By REVEREND HAROLD ROLAND ^ Pa$tor, Mount Gilead Baptist Church "This is the Lord’s doing it is marvelous in our eyes’....' Pta. 118:25. Many strange, unbelievable things liappen to us for which there is just one explanation— "This Is The Lord’s Doing.” Those of us who live by faith in God know this to be the truth. Truly the Lord is marvelous in his great works. We have a task to perform; the odds seem to be against us. Then in some strange . mysterious way we overcomes what seems' to l>e a powerful-unbeatable opposition. We fight successfully to achieve a great and a worthy goal. How was this thing done? Yes, God crowns our faithful efforts with victory. The child of God can find one explanation../'This is the Lord’s doing...” Faith in God gives the victory. Many times we look back through seen and unseen perils and dangers and we must say with the Ps^mist...“This is the Lord’s doing..” God enables us to achieve the seemingly impos sible task. There is often the fog of doubt which surrounds us. There is the dark cloud of discouragement _ and despair. Then the fog lifts and the dark cloud is l>anished. Many of us have come through things which seem unbelievable and impossi ble. We come through the dark scenes with flying colors. In some peaceful liaven we look back over the stormy scenes through which we have come. A iiard job is done. We have seen God’s strange healing pow er in some sickness. A tempta tion is conquered. We have overcome some critical hour of trial and tribulation. Yes, as we look back and see how we over came we must say truly...“This Is The Lord’s Doing...” We all must adncit tliat God is marvelous in his works and ways. Thus we aU.necd him as a partner whm go through life. Is ne your companion in your daily walk? If not, why not? We need God in our buai- ness. We need the power of Di vine faith. In God we -cannot fftii. Apart from God there is nothing but failure. Ood malces us able to do and endure all things. The.power of victorious liv ing comes from God. We as hu man lieings iiave no power. In our prideful moment we feel W£ have power. But in our so ber moments we know our ut ter dependence and helpfulness. The very air we breathe comes from God. The food we eat and the clothes we wear have been graciously supplied by Divine Providence. Everything you have and do you must say... “This is the Lord’s doing”. All of our help must come from Hiod. “Apart from me ye can do nothing...” As we think of our very lives and our socalled achievements, we should ever be humbly re minded... “This Is The Lord's Doing...” Capital Close Up , ^ 1 BY CONSTAMCB DANIKL “The biggest problem, now, is to get over the river between the two rkces so that there can l>e better understanding.” Thurgood Marshall “..iiate is hardly a solution for any problem. Even in Washing ton where desegregation has proceeded more smoothly than It has in some parts of the na tion, some, persons are saying... 'This is no time for reaaonable- neas.’ I would reply ^t, per haps at no time on our recent history is there greater need for reasonableness. But 1 would not Venture to say what is resasoii- able in any particular locality at any given time.” Rayford Logan Libera’s 109th "Declaration" Year On July 26, the Embassy of Lit>eria marked the 109th anni versary of Liberia's official re quest, (July 26, 1846) to the nations of the world for recog nition as a free and independent sovereign State, with all the rights and privileges of such a State. This request—^Liberia's De claration of Independence—un like tliat of former subject n&- tiony, including the United States, is not a declaration of political independence, since Liberia has been “free, sove reign and independent,” since Uie first American Negro immi grants landed neat Cape Me- surado and took possession of territory ceded to them on Dec. IS, 1821, by six native West Af rican kihgs. The anniversary of the Decla ration of 1846, Libera’s manifes to of memt>enhip rights in the Family of Nations, was the oc casion of the Embassy’s recent observance, the first observance of the Declaration since Ambas- sor George Padmore took office, here, as his country’s envoy to the United States. Secretary Mitchell to Address 36t/i Insurance Confab Swretary of Labor, James P. Mitchell will address the SSth Annual Convention of National Insurance Associations, at the- Statler Hotel, here, on August 30, when the Presidents’ Ban quet, honoring the presidents of 58 member companies and asso ciations is held in the hotel Presidential Ballroom. Some 600 or more delegates and guests from 30 States and the District of eoliunbia are scheduled to attend the conven tion of the Insurance Aaaocia- tions, wliich were incorporated here in 1921, but have-not met here, since. Sveryone’s Victory The Arlington. Va.'School de cision, which was everyone’s victory and no one’s victory, was significant to us as it quite preciaely reflected the analysis of integration situations as dis cussed by the Negro educational hierarchy (as close as we’re getting to names) several years back, i.e., that area conditions are the controlling factor in how and bow fast. Federal Judge Albert Ryan’s ruling to end ra cial segregation in the schools of Arlington, a few minutes drive from Washington, was under scored by the Judge’s statement tliat in granting an injunction ending racial bars as of January 31, 10S7, he had taken into con sideration the fact that only 7 percent of Arlington County’s pupils—about 60 boys azid girls, all told—are Negro. But the judge also maintained tliat his ruling did not nullify any state or local rules for asaignmant of Ij^upils to schools so long aa the asslgnmanta wen* not baaed on color* Tile case was about as untypi cal as any case South of the “Ijne" could be. But it should t>e helpful for purposes of evalu ation. Sterit Employment and the Quakers “Merit Employment, Why and How” is the title of a 16-page illustrated pamphlet recently released by the American Friends Service Committee, wtiich is calculated to quicken the Interest of average Ameri cans in the manner in which the employment of their fellow- Americans of minority origin affects tlie Nation and them selves as well as the minorities involved. The ten pages of thought-pro- voicing findings, modestly but attractively and* effectively of fered, are a question and narra tive- answered synopsis of the S^ice ComnUttee’s ten-year exj^ience in the promotion of merit employment in key indus trial centers throughout the country. At the conclusion of ita brief introduction the pamphleteers state that visits by Committee representatives with a wide va riety of employers and employ ers’ representatives in all sec tions of the country,-lead to the conclusion “tiiat the majority of employers believe in merit em ployment—^but need help in im plementing a policy they know ia right.—” Interviewers report that “many en^loyers bave asked the Committee's job opportunity staff for bow-to-do-it sugges tions.” The pamphlet is offered to outline “some successful tech niques and procedures” for em ployers seeking “to imtdement (Continued on Pag* Bevea)
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