T H E C A 0 L
}-A—DURHAM, N. C.
I N A TIMES
SATURDAY, JANUARY 25, 1«&4
ROOTS OF SEGREGATION '
Mliiiig w^mrnii For Fufyre Generations
The anmmnfftnfnt h((t j^eek th|f JDiirhflm's
three tnajSt-'corp»r»tiops, tbe^ North Carolina
NfiitUitl l.ife Insurance Company.-the Meehan
ics anti Farmers Dank and the Mutual Savings
and I.oan Astociation now have combined ve
sources totaling over one.hundred tnillii)n dol
lars, shciidd be an inspirai'tion to Xegru citi-
zrns of Durham, the state ancl the nation
Comparatively speaking, one hundred million
dollars in .^sources reprPsents in manage-
nioit, resoiircefnlness. initiative, and business
acumen one hundred billion dollar*.
When it‘is considered that the three busi
ness instiCvitions mentioned above have been
and still ave entirely managed by Xegroes
whose forebears one hundred years ago were
slaves, the achievement of the X. C. .Mutual,
Mechanics and Farmers Bank and Mutual
Savings and Loan As«iciatim is even mor^
phenomenal. \\ ith probably little chance of
any of the men and women who now head
what is often referred to as Durham's big
three, beiug^ aruund when the jiext hundred
million (lollar.s in resources «re added to the
jiresent. we thmk the milestone should bi
pevinanently recorded somewhere so that fu
ture generations may know that. like thf
centenarian, achieving the first one hundred
million dollars was the hardest.
Ranking along with Durham in achieve
nient in the business wt>rld. are Negri)es of
Atlanta. Gef^gia. and Xashville, Tennessee. It
might not lie a bal idea here to remind the
younger elemeTit of the race that the Xegro
groups of the three cities mentionel abo»v
are all in the .‘^outh where the going has been
tpugh and the Struggle, at times, almost un
bearable. In spite of it all Negroes of Dur
ham. .\tlanta and Xashville |)robahly rank at
the top of Negro business achievement wlwr
a com|)Hrison is made with those in othei
cities of the nation.
It is with pardonable pride, theretore, that
we commend Durham's big three for having
reached the one hundred million mark in com
hined resources and it is our hope that thj
achievement will furnish inspiration fiA’ mem
hers of the race in other cities to rally to tin
support of Xegro business institutions in ord
er that more substantial economy may he as
sured the coming generations.
A Timely Appointment
The naming of ^Carl T: Rowan by Presi
dent Johnson as director Af the United .States
Information Agency—d»«closest any Negro
h.is ever come to befli|l!ving a member of tb *
C.'ihinet—-comes at a tini»-when such is sor?^
ly neelel to lift the $pic£rs of tfie 20 million
or more Negro citizens of this country. Many
of tliem have become discouraged, if hot dis
gusted. at the turn in the national
government regarding^ tW^fssue of rivil right',
re.sult they bave rea^fned themstlves tu
the attitude that ceftairpj^sitions fifi govern
ment are entirely.oiitaCiiNifh of Negroes anl '
therefore ~will never hy a member oi
their race.
Because President JdJjnie:n_ \r a native
southerner, reaction to Jhf apjwtntrn^nt o(
southern representatfvrw'-in C«ngres will
jjrobnbly not be as unfavorable as it would
h.Tve been had it come from the fate President
Kennedy or jtoiue ot'&r occuifttnt of tKe White
House from a noMhieVn or'w’eitern state. The
naming of Rowan to fill a position that will
recjuire him to sit in on Cabinet meetings
has jirobably paved the way for the ap|Miint
ment of a Negro to the I'nited States Supreme
Court or to the Cabinet per se.
If and when the President does decide to
name a Xegn-o as a mend)er of the nation’'‘-
highest tribunal he will have at his disposal
two who are well qualified for the position in
the person of Judge \Vni. H. Hastie.and Jiulp-;
1 hurguud .Marshall, both of whom art already
serving on federal benches of lower., courts
with distinction.
VVe salute President Johnsori ,o'r the splen
did choice he has made in naming Mr. Rowan
as the successor to fill the post made vacant
by the resignation t)f Edwanl R. Murrow. His
action should be an inspiration to the thou.=:-
ands of young Negroes in our schools and
colleges who are now preparing themselves
for jK>Mtions in government and other walks
of life.
Jackie
SPIRITUAL INSIGHT
REV. HAROLD ROLAND
There are Times When We All
Stand in Need of Spiritual Power
Ao That is Tpd of Dttrimn
The banquet he'd at tE**reatral Civic Cen
ter Tuesday evening? s^SnsorTd by the Dur
ham Chamber of.Compigrce ^nd the l»>cal
chapter of the Nation*! Football Hall of
Fame, for the purpose of launching the new
ly formed • North T«rolina Track Club was
typical of Durham wi.follosved this city’s
age old pattern of things.
The cro^*tf of .W) j^ntons who turned ont
for the affair also opportunity to see
and hear an excjnsjy^hrray of sports cele
brities of the past and presejjt that was fit
for the history, booksj^ Among them were
such famouc and .W(||^||^wn jp*r;5,onaHt!es as
■iVallace Wade, G#orge McAfee, Bill Murray,
Choo Choo Justice of Diike an3 fcirle Edw'ards
of N. C. State. On hani also was young
Kenny Browning of J^Jortheni County High
School, who tvai preveMed with pomp and
to l>e held in Tokyo. Japan.
Now let’s look at some of the records of
Coach Walker and some of his proteges.
There was NCC’s Edwin Roberts, who had
been a member of Walker’s relay quartet, as
anchor man in 440 and 880 winning relay
teams. lElarlier in the season Roberts had
run the fastest 440 yard dash recorded on
the boards on the East Coast, covering the
distance in 47.7 seconds at the National A.-MJ
meet: .\ndrew McCray, middle distance nm-
ner and hurdler, who was the reigning cham
pion of the Central Intercollegiate Athletic
.Association in the half-mile run and finished
second in the 440-yard hurdles in 51.8.
When it is considered that Coach Walker
has produced such other greats of the track
as I-ee Calhoun, 1*^56 and 1960 Olympics 110
jneter hurdles cham|)ion. who tied the world's
"Now I urge you not to lose
h»«rt." —Aefi 27:22
We all. at limes, need a clear
cut call to courage. Here Paul
gives the call to courage amid
the raging storms. There are so
many things in this life that may
rob us of our stout heartedness
This is a world that is filled with
anxieties, fears, and worries
These things may rob us of the
finer fighting qualities of the
heart and the soul. We have seen
many people who have las*
heart. You know to have HEART
is to be confident and courage
ous. One of the root meanins.s o‘
the word HEART is to BE C013
RAGEOUS. There are times when
We all need somebody to sav to
us: “YOU, BE COURAGEOUS”—
“Now I urge you ret to lose
heart.”
Here Is a youn? pp':.nn wh
needs this word in a tra?ioall>
hurtful moment. In b-j.i.g deep
ly hurt, life had become inten
sely miserable. And this is the
stuff out of which the trascdy of
suicides may be born, ^be voun'j
person is saved in a moment o'^
near tragedy. Why? The vouth i
saved from frightenmg and seri
ous consequences because ther
is some one who 'eally under
.stands and can say: YOU, BJ,
COURAGEOUS. I know this ex
perience hurts. I know it’s em
harrpssing for ..you to endu'^e it.
YOU DONT HAVE TO GIVE UP'
You can weather this storm and
there •A’ill be a briehter tomor
row. “I urge you not to lo.s
heart. " Thus a youth is saved
because someone spoke the im
portant word In a dark, di.sc6ur
ing crisis.
I
The spiritual import of thcs"
words give elasticitv and bounce
to the creative powers of *hc
human personality. And there
are times when we all .stand In
need of this spiritual come-back
power. Otherwise, many of us
would be lost in the dark nit ol
diseourasement and despair. The
little faith we have left gives us
t+iat old come-back pow^r. A bare
.thread of love mav give us thir
come-back power. That is why i'
is so itjiportant tnr us human
beings to know that somean"
loves and care.s for us. It may
he a mother, a friend or a teach
er. The spiritual resources of
,Iesus give us that oir) bouncing
back power. So if there is one
soul on the verge of discourage
ment, may I say: Yon, Be Cou
rageous “I urge you not to los-
heart.”
Why would vou give up anv
wav? There will be a\ tomorrow
And that tomorrow can brine
lisht, iov. peace and health t
you. Thus I say. nlease.. rion’i
five un today. Hold on for :■
little while longer, ^say to yot
as John said to some in a darV
hour who were about to los
heart, “Hold fast till I come, be
no man take awav your cro'A'n.''
Hold on, your efff'rts are not ir,
vain. Be ye stedfa.st for youi
labors will not be wasted.
We say to tho.se who mav be
lost and overwhelmed hv discou
rament, YOU BR CnURAGR
OUS AND GOD WILL REWARII
YOU.
We were not the least bi
sui'pri.sed that Editor David Law
rence of U.S. News and World
HcWrt is happy with Mayor Pieh
ard.son Dilworth of Philadelnhir.
In his magazine, referrinq t'’
M. Dilworth as a “liberal". Hi'
worth is said to have “told ofi'
the Negro people in a recon*
speech. Mr. Dih-vorth, it seems
feels that in protes*in«. the tradi
tional Mummers parade in Phila
delphia and the use of blackface
the Negroes have set the, caus,-’
of Negro-white relations in '•i'’
city by 10 years. Mr. Dilworth
reijards the re.sentnient ove!
blflckface as much ado abou'
nothing.
As ii becomes obvious to North
erners—many f whm have en
joyed, the labels of "liberal’
while tliey protested briitalitv
and prejuilice in the South, tli:ii
the Nesro Revolution is a na
tional, not a sectional revolution,
these formerly (riendly while
folks are becoming more and
more leary. Prejudice is a sinful
thin, in their eyes, so lone af
it exists in someone else’s back
yard. But let a Negro protes'
asainst conditions in the haek
yard of the "liberals” the shoi
begins to pin,
U.S. News and World Renor*
also quotes Mr. Dilworth as at
tacking “demagogiuc" Negro
leadership. We wi.sh he haJ
.spelled this one out a little mnn
clearly. To hurl a bockshoi'
charge at Negro leadership is un
fair. Certainly, no one in his rea
sonable mind will accuse the
March on Washington leaders ot
being demagogues. It is true
That, amrnis^ onrteidrrship, ther*-
are a few demagogues— jii,‘:t as
it is true that there are thes"
types among white leadership.
Mr. Dilworth cannot relat'"
properly to the resentment o'
Negroes becalise he has nevei
been one. Perhaps it genuinely
appears to him that it >s trivia'
to protest against masquerade:
in blackface. The people -who fee
as Mr. Dilworth does point !)U*
that no slur is intended and tt?«!
this is u harmless ”Pood old^cus
tom.” Perhaps it is. but we ar>
not livii! in the “good old
days.” We are living in the dayt ‘
when our youth, our college stu
dents, our high school and ev.n ,
grade .school youngsters hiv*-
given us a glorious, militant lean
ership. they do not intend to
tolerate the status quo—to allov
things to remain ti's they are or
as they have been. The Negro's
route to freedom will, he a mock
ing highway if it is to remain
cluttered up with old plantptio*
traditions and folk ways which
are in the context of the ante
helium days.
No matter what the libei-als
say—no matter how much they
resent the new attitudes and sf'n
tUiionls an,l niilitaney of the Ne
gro, the P,evolution t^ill and mu.st
continue. Mr. David Lawrence
feels that the most importan*
things which has happened to tlie
Negro was the lflS4 Supreme
Court decision. This writer doe»
not agree. This writer believe«
that the mo.st significant thin?
in the progress of race relations
in recent months was the ad
vance to the front lines of th>
young leople Who decided that
one hundred years was long
enough to postpone Freedom.
The dedication and courage of
these ' youngsters has been 9
classic contribution to the paraclj
of all human progress. As Dr
Marlin King has so beautifuby
phrased it, they have come lo
ret'o.gnize prison cells not as
"dungeons of shanip and degre-
dation but as havens of hope and
human dignity."
— Revolution, cont'!ary_
to the feeling of manv, has not»i
halted. But it is a shame tha
the dialog which seemed to have
come into being between the col.,
ored and white American—at th®
time of the March — has been
stilled. The wounded feelings of
a Mayor Dil'^'orth and the recal
citrant extreme rightist views ol
Mr. David Lawrence, who seem»
insensitive to the justice of the
Negro cause, are no great help.
Letters to the Editor
Know
Ik Negro
-Moose
Continued from front page
splendor the^Hall of -Fam* l^hoJar Athlete _ ,g^rd of l.?,2 in the 110 meters in Germany
Awad. Afbnfe With Srfikn?n^ ^ Hi-''I960: Vance Robinson, Pan American
other itonjinies' ffer the honor, all of
By ALf^Recf
came
whom were publicly re£pgoj.zed.
Add to thf above the’ fact that Governor
and Mrs. Terry Sanford were present to lend
official state dignity to the occasion. Now add
agiin the presence of such local celebrities as
th' president of thf Durbam Chamber of Coni-
mi rce. to say nothing of the many out of
to I'll notables such as L. J. Fisher of High
Pf int. president of the National .\AU. and
Jfi in Ijcey of,the University of North Car
ol! na and you will have gome conception of
th ‘ high.calibee-of the evtnf.
ow, up^to this point, t^re is nothing so
un usual ahiwt itich an e*ent. Durham was
ac ing in sHtct Hue and*ti«ie with any pro-
gi ;ssive and .alert city. Distinctly unusual
all jut the event, however, was the fact that
th fre were present,at tljj banquet, jor which
a Fee of $10 ea«h was charged for the privi-
le ;e of att«nli«gf, a t»»ck coach and four of
hi i stars of iaiternatiooal ^me who were un-
s()Tinter and participant in the United State.s
and Russia track series; Norman Tate, the
19f)3 NC.-\,A College and University Division;
Triple Jump Champion who performed so
brilliantly all over Europe last year; Walter
Johndon, 440 yard dash, National Association
of Intercollegiate .Association Champion 1%0,
two time .All .American, 19fi0. 1961; Abebe
Hilila. Marathon Run, winner of gold medal
ill 1%0 Olympics at Rome, it is liard to un
der-stand how he and his four trackmen, who
were present, could In* entirely overlooked at
the banquet held at the Civic Center on last
Tuesday evening.
You guessed it, dear reader. Coach Walker
and his athletes are all Negrdei. Thu* it is
the same, sad, old story that unless yon are
white you can’t be right. We think, how
ever. that when the records are all tabulated
for the 19M Olympics, Walker and his boys
will be among those counted on to keep the
C..‘. flag from trailing in the dust. If not it
UiibHiKCi,tHn«Hpt. unsunn;, wnrecojf^-^ \vill be Mmie other of Uncle Sam'» «lark skin
ted and unpre(«ii(«l at this memorable
event that hopes to .set in motion niachinerv
to bring fame and reCQgnitjon to North'Car
olina In the forthcmnij|j;,Jt964 Olympics trials
ai|d oth«r chamiHotuhhr’lmiateur cc^petition
boys, as it has most always been in int«rna-
tional track events of the past.
,Pi)kUah«4 tyiHar ,at,X>nr)uin, if. C.
p. Awwm, _
^ PU4 pwM**. if- C;. »noa
SimOiritAaBS
(ix )p H. C.1 «iw«ker« «■
a 1■wvtecnen Ounee^
rimm. fTM ptt »•«■. likU mht ise.
loettod at 4M & P«ttigreii St
BUSINESS JUDGMENT
If you’re fifty years old, «»k yourself this
question: How do I dcitide thing* today com-
|>ared with the way 1 decided tlw*m twenty
years ago?
Judgment changes with ea«h passing year.
Does the jtidgi|ient get better or worse?
So far aa bu*ioe$s judj(tnent goes, we are
inclined to think that it gets wor*e. A busi
ness c^’t th|Hve if its polteies irtre coatrolI«d
by men who are pUying mtt. Some mea«ur«
«( ««MliK:ity is sssential -for growth an«l pros-
' perity.
Tbefe ^re a lot of folks —
of both racial groups — who
sincerely believe that the Ne
gro should not use the slogan
“Freedom Now.”
Tlfey tay that this is an
unrealistic slogan. They say
that it carries the connoations
of impatience and urrreason-
ableness.
I do not agree.
But I do find it strange that
anyone should be puzzled over
a little modern day impatiencg
on the part of a people who
have been patient for eeniurias.
I submit that the people who
object to the phrue — do not
understand it.
When we * a y “Freedom
Now’.” we do not mean that we
expect true emancipation to
miraculously come about at
rrine o’clock tomorrow morning
We do not mean that we ex
pect 1h|> barrter* of hundreds
of year* to crumble and fall
Overnight. We «lo not mean
that we went to ride rough-
»hod over others, to violate
their hum*n rifht* in order to
get our Freedoni
Eetter^-^ve been mailed to
the Churches in the Durham
area akkingyfor the names of
worthy r^ipients and the com-
' mittep will also work with the
seat. She wanted to answer his county Welfare Dept. The Sal-
question, she said. She added vation Army and individuals that
that he had a perfect right to of worthy recipients.
Each person is to be investl-
‘•The Negro ought to fight for before s’loes are disbursed
the right to fight for, his eliminat. those not actually
rights,” Mrs. Roosevelt said. needing assistance.
That ia what we w^r^t righl The Committee members are;
now - the right to fight for P‘>P«. Cha.rmanr; Shir-
our rights. It is all right for >7 '
Governor Wallace to di.like ^arah Mitchell,
me. But it is not all right for Martha Sue H,lbard Peggy
him to use the power of his of- ^odher. Lib Mur*
fic„ to prosecute me when 1 ’'■‘y’ P““>-
Induldge in the traditional Anyone desiring further infor-
American technique of protest- niation or assistance should write
ing and demonstrating in an to P, O. Box J943 or call Jesse
orderly manner. When we say Carpenter at 682-6697.
Freedom Now, we mean that Each person receiving shoes
we want the law of this land ^
to be at our sidp when we oro- f jggjg signed b y a Committee
test against unfairness. Wel'll ^oman, shoes will be selected at
th„ Lodge Shoe Bank 610 Ninth
Street betweerr the hours of 10
a. m. 4 p. m. each Saturday.
^Recently I heard Mi.ss Doris
Greene of North Carolina Colleg
render her senior recital. It was
a marvelous revelation. If Mis
Greene had been a student ir
some bonafide Conservatory o
Mu»ic^^.,j»y—expectations wotili
fJtS'lJeen normal, but here was
Ki^^ident carrying her colle”^
subjeHs and playing such a bril
liant program. The numbers pl?v
ed would have tested the me! -,
of a seasoned artist. Her pro
gram consisted of:
Sonata, Opus No. 3, Beethoven.
Allegro con brio, Adagi, Allegr
(Scherzo with Trio-Coda), Allegro
Assai; I.a Chas^, Liszt; V'alse
Oublife, LisztJ^
Sonatint^j^el; Allegro-Mod
ere, Tres viW- Modere.
Concerto No. 1 ip E flat, Liszt,
, Orchestral parts nl.iveci at a se
cond piano by her teacher, Mi.s.'
Ruth Gillum.
As anyone of experience
knows; this program is out ol
the ordinary. To play the dif
ficult, yet lovely. La Campanella
by Li,szt is a worthy achievement
Most musicians pa,ss up the ouh
lie performance jf such a tax
ing number. I recall only twr
persons performing the number
The late Roy Tibbs who was mar
ried to the famous singer Lillia'"
Evanti played it in joint-recit.i
years ago in Boston during Ro
land Hayes' pre-fame days. Tihb
was a graduate of Fisk and Ohei
lin Colleges and had great con
centration just as does Mi.sf
Greene, After all, concentration
is the open sesam to 'Aorthj
achive.Tients. The only other per
son I recall playing thi,‘f particu
lar number was the great Polish,,
master, I.'jnace Jan Paderewski
Many parsons do not know tha
the Polish master never had (
real te.aehcr of piano till he wa.s
nearly thirty years of age. So
great was his concentration and
abilitv that he overcame the
handicaps of his early years. An
other number on Miss Greene’s
program was al.so played b'
Tibbs at his senior recital at
Ob'riin. the E flat Concerto
Miss Greene’s fellow students,
and the faculty as well as the
community assuredlv knew they
would get an evening of enioy
ment for the.v came out in lafti
numbers.
Roth Prof. Samuel Hill and i
raved over her pla.ving of the L"
Campanella.
One who is blessed wjth such
concentration can go far if she
chimses to follr,v this ausniciou.'^
hi'ginning. Ruth Gillum deserve.--
great credit for gaiding Miss
Greene in her pianistics.
Dr. Robert John was there witn
his usual encouragement for tae
young piani.st. Mi.ss Greene mad'
my mind go to South Carolina
State where I heard Barbara
Link, a 90 pound student sing a
recital that surpassed many an
artLst. The young woman..had
depth, voice and ambition to
go far, hut like most poor foil'
she had to pitch in and aid in
the support of the lar,?e family
of which she was a part sftei
graduation.
My hat is off to Miss Greene
and her teachers.
Blc.ssed may their paths b'
come, ,
CHARLES J. HARRIS
do the rest.
Heroes of Emancipatiofl
iTtM 9 T^T•T %vw . ^
-Professor
Continued from front page
“Helms
Continued from front page
Ray Thompson will chair the
forth fellowshfpc In 1937 and
Durii^ World War II. the 1962 to pursue work toward the
late beloved Mr*. Hdo»velt was doctorate at Syracuse,
challenged by .*o»»Wi»e In an visiting instructor ditcuaaion and thare will
audieoc« M *h^ the be a question and answer period
•”* the faculty on a permanent basic immediately after th* formal pre
' ^ 1954. A member of both pi by >«rn.. Hi*
« u Gamma MM and Phi Alpha Theta ^as been entitted “As I See
f^ght for?” ealM aut iht heek- r.” i
■ , j v I. ■ member of the Omega United Preabyterian, Doii-
Policnmn mid luhers rush- p^j ,r,tprnity "W Aatwood, president, will
ed forward to oust th** wan serve a* hosta to the Poruiii.
who (houtad the puwtlon. He Is married to the forn^ Robert Colclough will be in
Mrw- Roa*eiwH> Mk«f'ttw Mis* Cozetta W«lk«r of Winston- aharge of the iofomwl eaOte
servers of law and orier to al- Salem, and they are the parents hour that will be held at the
low the-ma»-te Mmafn In his of six children. close of te Forum discussion.
MAHTIM B. DELANY
Martin R. Delany was bornr
of free parent* in Wester Vir
ginia 1S21. While he was yet a
child hia parents moved to
Chambersburg, Pa„ because
they found the lot of the black
man- in Virginia unendurable.
While still in We.stern Vir
ginia the youth received h 1 s
•artiest education surreptitious
ly from transient book ped
dlers' 'and anyone else who
could or would assist him. After
movng to Penn., he studied
undar a clergyman employed
by '4 sselety of free Negroes.
We subkequently applied to en
ter the University of Pennsyl-
vMif Medical School and was
denied admittame. Later he
was successfully gained admis
sion to Harvard Medical School
from w*hich he was- graduated.
By the time he entered Har
vard he had already become a
well-known anti-slavery Jour
naiist who wrote a slashing
condemnation of the American
C(lonization Society which
sought to rid the country of
free Niegroes by sending them
to Africa. He called th. So
ciety “anti-Christian and ope of
the Negroes worst en«n»ias,”
After Delany was graduated
from Harvard Medical Sehool,
he moved to South Carolina
and during the Civil War serv
ed as a major of the l0«Ui Re
giment at Charleston, the first
Negro field officer to serve to
that war. In 1874 he mnui do
minated for Lleutenairt Gover
nor by tha Indepaadent ftadlcal
party, w. .
Ha died In 1888. j