Newspapers / The Carolina Times (Durham, … / March 12, 1966, edition 1 / Page 12
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—THE CAROUNA TIMES SATURDAY, MARCH 12, 1966 6B A >4Zf » MMm&tsr *'l*# n - 4 JT S ' fr-vl . r?3BT^ Volunteer Ida Shoatz shops for food in the Pisac marketplace. She operates school lunch programs in 13 Peruvian villages. Konakritee is a tiny fishing village in the Port Loko district of Sierra Leone. I'ntil 1962 its highly concentrated pop ulation of 800 men, women, and chil dren had no latrines and no water sup pi). other than several sinkholes—all of which were contaminated and most of which were completely waterless during the six-month annual dry sea son Three \ears ago. clean, running water was piped for the first time into Konakritee. eliminating a major health hazard to the inhabitants who had suffered throughout the years from typhoid; amoebic dysentery, and a myriad of other water-borne maladies. The water came from a gravity-flow well system constructed under a co operative venture of CARE, the peo ple of Konakritee,, and the Peace Corps. Villagers supplied labor for the project; Peace Corps Volunteers pro vided the organization and the techni cal expertise. All the necessary tools, 24 bags of cement, 1000 feet of plastic water pipe, 11 feet of metal culvert, reinforcing rod. and 10 sheets of roof TjpMy MEDICO Dr. John Chappel treats a baby at a Malaysian clinic. MEDICO, founded by Tom Dooley, is nok a CARE service. Volunteer Dolores R. Aguayo teaches Spanish to a class of Indian children in the Andean village of Cuyo Chico. The Peace Corps and CARE ing material were provided by CARE. To man\ Americans, C ARE (Co operative for American Relief Every where. Inc.) means a dollar donation for a food parcel to the destitute refugees of World War 11. When CARE was founded in 1945, its sole function was to provide a means for Americans to send food packages to friends and relatives who had suf fered the ravages of the European holocaust. Today, however. CARE has moved far beyond the concept of providing stopgap relief in the wake of a devas tating war. The original idea has been expanded to meet the different needs of the underdeveloped world, and in stead of designated food contributions to individuals. CARE now conducts massive food-for-work and school feeding programs. CARE's initial food distribution pro gram has been transformed by Public Law 480. passed by Congress in 1954. to allow voluntary agencies to distrib ute American farm surpluses in the famine-ridden areas of what the French call "the third world." Under this law. CARE has built up a vast pro gramed institutional feeding in schools and hospitals, distributing surplus powdered milk, corn meal, and vegeta ble oils to more than 37 million people e\er> >ear, including 28 million school children. In fact, the small relief agency, which in th"e first year of its existence spent only $500,000 to funnel food to Europe, has grown to .a global agency which in the past year raised more than SH) million in individual contributions and delivered more than SB9 million in food, medical, and ma terial services to 35 nations. CARE's transformation from a purely relief agency actually began in the late 1940s when its original mission was in part supplanted by the more encompassing Marshall Plan, and in part diverted by the growing awareness that thare were many non- European nations in need of economic assistance —an assistance that would rely less on relief than on rehabilita tion. Report measures The Cornell Peru Report is the story of 50 Peace Corps Volunteers and what they accomplished—and didn't accomplish—in the Andes. It is also a story of 15 villages and what happened to them because of the Peace Corps. ' The researchers, who were well ac quainted with community life in the Andes long before the Peace Corps arrived, carefully measured every as pect of Volunteer life over a period of two years, 1962-64. The Volunteers were under a social science microscope from the time they entered training for Peru 111 in the summer of 1962 to the time they com pleted service, and the communities where they labored were assessed be fore, during, and after their tours. The result is a detailed and scholarly 329-page work titled "Measurement of Peace Corps Program Impact in the Peruvian Andes." A major conclusion of the report In " the Andean village of Pisac, Molly Heit teaches children to embroider tapestries, using their own ideas for design Bmm S. I M| Jr \y i Sierra Leone with a CARE audio-visual unit In a way, the difficulty of CARE's relations with the Peace Corps is an indication of a growing dilemma con fronting CARE as a result of its ever increasing involvement with the Amer ican government —a reliance bom of P L. 480 food programs and nurtured by Peace Corps contracts, with their attractive offer of invaluable man power. For as CARE has expanded in the last decade, benefiting from government support, its independence has decreased by the very nature of this support. CARE has come a long way since the conclusion of World War II and has made a myriad of contributions to the welfare of needy peoples. It has now reached a point, however, where it is -treading a tight rope be tween governmental dependence and its traditional freedom of action based on voluntary contributions. As it moves into its third decade then, its greatest challenge seems to be to what extent CARE can afford to bite the hand that feeds. Unless CARE can enlarge the base of its private support, it may lose its independence to creep ing governmental controls; then it loses its whole reason for existence and might just as well turn over its operation to A.I.D. --Knoxville Continued from page 2B formances from James Waller, 19-year-old sophomore fullback. is that Peace Corps communities developed at a rate almost three times as fast as communities without Volunteers. The report finds that "the Peace Corps program in the Peruvian Andes did achieve a measurable impact upon its target communities ... the Volun teers fulfilled one of the three missions defined for the Peace Corps by the Congress in establishing the organiza tion, by contributing to the develop ment of a critical country in the South American region that is one key to the future course of world history." The research project was contracted by the Peace Corps to the Department of Anthropology at Cornell Univer sity. The anthropologists had long been familiar with many of the Indian villages in the Peruvian Andes through their Cornell Peru Project which began 14 years ago. Dr. Allan R. Holmberg, chairman of the Department and one of the Guatemalan villagers make bricks for one of the many schools sponsored by CARE. Dominican Republic children await a free school lunch distributed by CARE, - ifif jfl 160 lbs., Memphis, Tenn.; Er nest Turner, 19-year-old 170 lbs. sophomore, Harlan, Ky.; Bennie Sanders, 175-lbs., 19- year old sophomore quarter- three authors of the report, was the architect of the community develop ment program in Vicos, Peru (see Page 10), which became famous throughout Latin America. The contract representatives were involved from the beginning of the Peace Corps project not only as ob servers but as staff advisers and con sultants to the Peace Corps country staff and to Volunteers themselves. Their "participant observation" in volved detailed research through inter viewing, personal observation, use of questionnaires, and photography. Holmberg and four other members of the faculty and staff at Cornell were assisted by a large staff of Peruvians, including many anthropology students, who did extensive field investigation. Frank Mankiewicz, Latin America Regional Director, calls the report a "landmark" in community develop ment research. back Big Stone Gap, Va.; and Sylvester McKinon, 19-year old 185-lbs. freshman, West Palm Beach, Fla." Coach Brown con cluded. TAKE A BREAK, PAL Men should be made to takf vacations, so that they wor« get the idea that they're i# dispensable. /
The Carolina Times (Durham, N.C.)
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March 12, 1966, edition 1
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