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Words of IVIjdca
The race is over, but the work never is done
while the power to work remains. '
Oliver Wendell Holmes
VOLUME 67 NU&3ER 7
18 PAGES
DURHAM. NORTH CAROLINA SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 17, 1979
TELEPHONE (919) 32-2313
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WASHINGTON, D.C. -President
Jimmy Carter sent
to Congress last week, a bill
designed to create a cabinet
level Department of Educa
tion. A similar bill failed to
get a vote in the House of
Representatives last year.
This year's version lacks the
programs that drew the
most fire last year. The ad
ministration has an impres
sive list of more than 100
organizations supporing the
measure, but still some for
midable oppoents, includ
ing the AFL-CIO, the
Roman Catholic Church,
and the American Federa
tion of Teachers.
Supporting the issue,
Vice President Walter Mon
dale commented "This is
the only major industrial
democracy in the world that
does not have a department
or ministry of education."
That argument and the ar
gument that the bill would
Continued On Page 13
' ( 4 . 14 1 1 rr
vy r
-v ST tn((r B 1
SdK Hotrod Problems
Face Blacks: Fcunf roy
HE TAKES THE CAKE - Fsmotn Jan eompoMr Eubie Blake samples the cake during
hit on-ttaga birthday party at New York's Ambassador Theater after a matinee of
"Eubie,"' revue based on his music. The celebration was for Eubie Blake's 96th birthday
anniversary which came on February 7. His plans for the future: "To keep going until I
drop dead. . . .I'm gonna go on till the Man says 'eight . .nine. . .ten, you're out!"
- (UPI Photo)
BY PAT BRYANT
"Self hatred is one of the
biggest problems facing
blacks," said District of
Columbia Congressman Wal-'
ter f auntroy last Sunday.
Rev..; Fauntroy's assessment
was made in a sermon at
White Rock Baptist Church
celebrating the "Annual
MilesMark Fisher Scholar
ship Day".
Because the nation's
valuer system "stigmatizes
black, as inferior," many
blacks hate blacks as a
grouri, and themselves for
being a part of the group,
Fauntroy observed.
"When one is a member
of a downtrodden reference
group, the social psycholo
gists? tell me, he not only
tends to despise the group,
but also tends to hate him
self for being a part of the
group." said Fauntroy. Fur
ther he said, "Now this is
what you call self hatred,
and self hatred is a very
Council Pros. Seohs to Rostore Order
Bbtleo'aviCiBVciCQbDc
S , !
Philadelphia - This city's
City Council got off
traditional parliamentary
procedure last week and
engaged in a free-for-all with
councilmen swinging fists,
police hurling black jacks,
with one white councilman
spitting in a black
councilman's face, and the
City Council president
trying to restore order with
a bullhorn.
The melee began when
demonstrators protesting
the city's $64 million feder
al community development
application which they said
encouraged removal of poor
and black people from inner
city neighborhoods while
making the same neighbor
hoods attractive to middle
class investors.
Council President George
Schwartz summoned a bull
horn which couldn't
overcome the chant of the
demonstrators. Then
police cleared the room
grabbing and striking some
demonstrators.
While demonstrators
were being ejected, black
councilman Lucien Blackwell
complained about the
police action. ' White
Councilman Francis Rafferty
than spat in Blackwell 's face
and a fist fight began.
Before the spitting inci
dent began, Blackwell was
ruled out of order when he
portested the use of force
to eject the demonstrators.
He refused to stop talking
and Rafferty, sitting next to
Blackwell stood and shout
ed, "You're an instigator.
You're a trouble maker".
Blackwell responded
"You're a racist. You're
nothing."
Rafferty shouted back
"You're a faggot", and then
he threw a punch.
Demonstrators, not yet all
out of the council chamber,,
struggled to get back
to where the councilmen
were fighting, but not
before fights broke out be
tween demonstrators and
police.
Among thirteen arrested
were State Rep. Milton
Street and his brother,
John, a candidate for
council. John Street and
supporters has argued that
plans for federal community
development funds were
being set to drive
low-income residents from
their communities so that
more affluent persons can
move in.
real phenomenon."
Drawing from author
Richard Wright's classic
"Black Boy", Fauntroy fur
ther observed that many
blacks solve the problems
of being black by "trans
ferring their hatred of them
selves to others with black
skin and fighting with
them."
Citing the work of ano
ther writer and teacher,
sociologist Dr. E. Franklin
Frazier who wrote, among
others, "Black Bougeoisie",
Fauntroy borrows Frazier's
definition of black bourge
oise - that growjng class of
black white collar workers
who, by virtue of their
higher incomes and
edumacation (sic), have
created a world of make
believe, a closed society in
which we attempt to escape
the reality of being black."
"When the question
comes up about housing and
jobs and economic security
that's their problem, that's
not mine, I'm not a part,"
said the congressman as he
satirized the alienation of
many "middle class" blacks
from black masses.
Because blacks have been
fc .conditioned -tog compete
against whites, there exists
what Dr. Booker T. Wash
ington described as the
"crab in the barrel syn
drome", Fauntroy said, to
pull black ahievers down!
Uncle Tomism is too a part
of self hatred.
Blacks who contend that
blacks are superior to the
western world because of a
rich African are also suffer
ing from self hatred, accord-
Continued On Page 7
' ys , - !
p Hi'
REP. WALTER FAUNTROY speaks to the Annual
Miles Mark Fisher Scholarship Day Awards Banquet.
(Photo by Deborah Ray)
111 THIS WEEK'S EDITION
HACK HISTOIY MONTH
HACK NONEEKS IN IUSINESS
WAINS CARTER TO STOP PLAYING
"POLITICAL TENNIS"
FROM THE DEVIL S MOUTH
Clomont to Head Ihxi
SPMAinortty
Report Released on Blacks Housing Conditions
Ambassador to Visit City
His Excellency Francis
A. Dennis, Ambassador of
the Republic of Liberia will
visit Durham Saturday,
Sunday, and Monday, Feb
ruary 24, 25, and 26,
according to A.T. Spaulding
Sr.
While in Durham, Am
bassador Dennis will make
two appearances at White
Rock Baptist Church,
have breakfast with
officials of Durham Life
Broadcasting Service, Inc.,
be Luncheon Guest at North
Carolina Mutual Life Insur
ance Company, hosted by
W.J. Kennedy, III,
and be received at Durham
City Hall by Mayor Wade L.
Cavin. Others desiring to
show him courtesies may
contact Mr. Spaulding at
6884648 or Mr. LB.
Frasier at 682-2654 to make
arrangements.
Continued On Page 8
The housing in which
Black Americans live is .
flawed twice as often as
the housing of the total
population, according to a
report released today by the
Department of Housing and
Urban Development.
This is one of the findings
in a summary report on the
housing situation of Black
households in the United
States.
The report, "How Well
Are We Housed? 3. Blacks,"
is the third in a series of
housing conditions of
various groups of Americans
The first report in the
series deal with the housing
conditions of Hispanics and
female-headed households.
This latest report reveals
that Black people spend
more of their earnings than
the general population to
live in decent housing. It
estimates that 37 per
cent of Black Americans -but
only 20 per cent of the
total population-need to
spend more than a quarter
of their income to live in
unflawed, uncrowded
housing.
"The fact that some
Americans are still treated
as second class citizens
HUD Assistant Secretary
for Policy Devleopment and
Research Donna E. Shalala, .
Another finding in the
report, which is based on
data from HUD's Annual
Housing Survey for 1976,
is that maintenance and
plumbing are the most
frequent deficiencies found
in Black households.
cannot be tolerated,"
said Secretary Patricia
Roberts Harris. "I will
continue to fight for the
right of all minorities to
get a fair share of the
benefits of this society."
whose office prepared the
report for release during
Afro-American Heritage
month, said that, "No
better time can be
imagined to rededicate
ourselves to the goal of
a decent home and a
suitable living environment
for every American family."
Copies of the report may
be obtained from the Office
of Policy Development and
Research, Room 8124,
HUD Building, Washington,
D.C. 20410.
WASHINGTON, D.C. -The
National Association of
Black Manufacturers would
like to publicly congratulate
William A. Clement on his
recent appointment at the
Small Business Administra
tion (SBA) as Associate
Administrator for
Minority Small Business
and Capital Owenrship
Development. The
appointment announced
by A Vernon Weaver,
Administrator of
SBA, was one of many
organizational changes and
amendments to the Small
Business Act and the Small
Business Investment Act
of 1958 as a result of recent
legislation (P.L 95-507)
passed by the 95th Congress
and signed by President
Carter on October 24, 1978.
Eugene Baker, President
of NABM, said: "With
the assignment of Clement
to this key position, minor
ity business enterprise
should benefit tremendous
ly. One of the functions of
this position is to manage
SBA's 8 (a) program
which has previously been
overlooked and mishandled
in the eyes of minority
business. We at NABM
Pconram
have complete confidence
that this reorganizarJonal
change will be for the bet
terment of the total
economy."
P.L. 95-507, the
Minority Enterprise Act,
created within the sSBA
a "Small Business and
Capital Ownership De
velopment Program. " This
program is designed to
provide contractual, fin
ancial, management and
technical assistance to eli
, gible small business con
cerns. In addition to
managing this new pro
cram, the new Associate Ad
ministrator will also manage
all other services and
activities authorized,
under 7 (j) 111(1 8(a) of
the Small Business Act.
Clement has served as
SBA's Associate
Administrator for
Minority Small Business
since August 1977. Prior
to joining SBA, Clement
was the Vice-President and
Senior Loan Officer of the
Citizens Trust Bank in
Atlanta, Georgia.
NABM is a non
profit Organization dedicat
ed to the betterment of
minority business enterprise.
A Trend Toward Liberalization
U.S. Sopromo Court Restricting Government Meddling In Family Lives Say Researchers
BY BOB WILSON
The U.S. Supreme Court is showing
little patience these days with govern
ment interference in family life, a
Duke University researcher says.
The trend has been under way for
more than a decade, with little notice
outside the legal and academic com
munities except for a controversial
1973 abortion ruling, according to
attorney Sarah H. Ramsey.
Ms. Ramsey, a fellow at Duke's
Center for the Study of the Family
and the State, said in an interview
that cases decided by the Supreme
Court in the last few years indicate
clearly the court is much less tolerant
than it once was of government re
strictions on family life and personal
morality.
The high court is even going so far
as to base its view of what constitutes
a family on psychological as well as
biological grounds, said Ms. Ramsey.
But the justices will have a way to
go when it comes to children, she
argues in "Constitutional Protection
for the Private Realm of the Family ,";
a paper written for the Duke center.
She feels the court should expand
childrens' rights inside and outside
the family.
Ms. Ramsey agrees with others who
contend that the American family
isn't as stable or insular as it once
was. Divorce, remarriage, Informal
marriage, illegitimacy and government
"all contribute to fluctuating and com
plex family situations.
"Since an individual's family forms
a variety of patterns during childhood
and later, a clear and equitable means
of protecting these intimate relation
ships is needed," she said.
That the courts are moving in this
direction shouldn't upset traditionalists
grounded in the nuclear, mother-father-child
family. Ms. Ramsey added
The nuclear family is getting broad
er protection along with alternative
family structures that may be based on
nothing more than deep emotional
ties between individuals.
Ms. Ramsey said the judiciary
began its expansion and modification
of laws affecting family life about 12
years ago. She categorizes these deve
lopments into five broad areas.
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE: The
Supreme Court ruled in a 1967 chal
lenge to Virginia's miscegenation iaws
that "the freedom to marry, or
not marry, a person of another race
resides with the individual and cannot
be infringed by the state."
This decision remains the
leading decision on a person's right
to marry, according to Ms. Ramsey.
A 1978 Wisconsin case overturned
state statutes of a different nature
restricting the right to marry. The
state attempted to prevent a man, who
was unable to support an illegitimate
child, from marrying a woman ex
pecting a child fathered by him. The
Court said the Wisocnsin law was an
infringement of the fundamental right
to marry.
Divorce is not yet considered a
fundamental right, said Ms. Ramsey.
But the court is beginning to recog
nize the importance of divorce as
a common means of rearranging
famfly relationships.
PROREATION: Law limiting a
person's access to contraceptives
or prohibiting" abortion until
recently were seen as legitimate use of
the state's police powers.
Ms. Ramsey said this began to
change in 1965 in a Connecticut case,
in which the right to access to contra
ceptives became part of a "zone of
privacy" guaranteed by the Constitu
tion. In 1977, New York State law which
denied contraceptives to minors under
16 was overturned. The Supreme
Court, unimpressed with the state's
arguments, said that punishing
fornication by pregnancy was unrea
sonable. The landmark ruling on abortion
came in 1973, Ms. Ramsey said. In
this decision, the court established
the "three stages of pregnancy" rule
and prescribed the degree of state re
gulation allowed each. The ruling
sparked a national debate that contin
ues to grow in intensity between pro
and anti-abortion groups.
Ms. Ramsey said the court, in a
later case,' made' It clear that' a woman's
freedom of choice to have an abor
tion couldn't be restricted by requir
ing consent of either her husband or
parents.
The Court also has said that state .
regulations which penalize a working
women for deciduig"1b. bear a child
such as mandaiorylmateraity leave are
unacceptable. Mufen of th legal impe
tus for this decision , stems from the
greater number of women entering
the work force, said Ms. Ramsey.
CHILD CUSTODYxWith.jJianges
in women's roles has xpme a new
awareness of the imDortance of men
functioning as parents and homemak-
ers.
Ms. Ramsey said uie courts are
giving greater recognition to the rights
of fathers in child custody cases. This
is being extended even to illegitimate
children, who customarily have resided
with the mother. J
Ms. Ramsey said the law in this
area is still developing, and should
examine more closely the traditional
"best interest standard for protec
tion of the child in custody cases.
Continued OnPage 5