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If it v I ' II f""l I C I I 1 V I I I - II I "I 1 1 I I V I Weekly Digest of African 'Affairs ZIMBABWE New Basis For Anglo-American Diplomacy WASHINGTON, p.C. tANJAssistant Secretary of State for African Af fairs Richard Moose left for London last week for "consultations" with British officals on Rhodesia. The London meetings are expected to produce the outlines for future British-American efforts to secure a Rhodesian set tlement. Britain's new Conservative administra tion has already told the State Department that it dosen't intend to pursue Anglo-American plans drawn up under the former Labor govern ment. This stance by Bri tain, more than purported change in Rhodesia, led to recent statements by the Carter administration sug gesting a "new reality." "Britain doesn't want to go back to square one," according to one State Department official deep ly involved with Rhode sian diplomacy." "Square one" means the basic assumptions of the now-abandoned Anglo-American pro posals; th,at because Rhodesia's government is illegal it cannot unilateral ly establish a viable settle ment, and that an effec tive settlement must have Rhodesia's conflicting parties agreed on drafting a constitution, a transition process and United Nations-supervised elec tions. The 'new reality' ac cepts the . Smith constitu tion as the basis for negotiating a settlement and focuses British American diplomacy on improvement and refine ment of that constitution. One State Department source, reflecting accep tance of the British policy, acknowleded when asked about the Anglo American proposals, that "the United States does not think it possible to start from scratch." The London meetings this week will explore (1) the ways and means of "improving the substance of Rhodesia's constitu-" tion, and (2) the ways and means of selling this ap proach to a Rhodesian set tlement to Africa's frontline state, the Patriotic" Front and to Bishop Abel Muzorewa. The report and recom mendations of a term of British government of ficials traveling in Africa will form the basis of the discussion. Moose and British of ficials will seek to resolve differences on how best to pursue this emphasis on "improving" the constitu tion. American officials want to stress pursuading the front-line states and the Patriotic Front to ac cept "significant" reform of the constitution. British officals believe persuading Bishop Muzorewa to take the initiative and offer a reformulation of the con stitution is crucial. Underlying this divergence is a disagree ment between U.S. and British offiicals over real and potential power in Rhodesia. U.S. policy makers believe that no set tlement in Rhodesia will work without backing from the guerrillas, and that a guerrilla govern ment will be friendly to the West if it . is aided in securing independence by the West. British officals believe that if Muzorewa makes "significant" con stitutional reforms he will be able to secure and con solidate popular support, thereby undermining the guerrillas' strength and giving, a "moderate" government a reasonable chance for survival. . Both Britain and the United States are agreed that a government friendly to the West and cautious toward backing armed struggle against South Africa is vital. Charles Cobb Meanwhile, in Rhodesia, Prime Minister Bishop Abel Muzrorewa is already having difficulties showing he is in charge. Muzorewa attempted to replace Cabinet Secretary Jack Gaylard with his own nominee, a Rhodesian of Inldian origin, but the can didate was disallowed by the white-controlled civil service commission, and the post was taken by Solicitor General George Smith, a white who had played a leading role in writing the constitution. On the parliamentary front, Muzorewa's party was reduced from 51 to 43 seats in the 100-member House of Assembly when party vice-chairman James Chikerema and seven other MPs announc ed the formation of a new Zimbabwe Democratic Party. The new develop ment increases the Bishop's dependence, on his alliance with Ian Smith's Rhodesian Front, which holds the 28 seats reserved for whites. FRANCEAFRICA An Embarrassment ForGiscard AN The reported murder of more than a hundred Central African school children by,. ,i Emperor, Bokassa's troops ' in April has capsed an in ternational furor that is putting the French govern ment in a particularly awkward situation. Neither; a cut-off of French -. military aid to Bokassa nor the promise of further action pending an official African inquest into the incident, has muf fled the clamor of the French press and influen tial African publications. An1 independent in vestigation by the Paris daily Le Monde, in fact, has brought new charges implicating the Emperor himself in the bizarre kill ings. On the night of April 19, says the paper's special correspondent Jean'de la: Gueriviere, Bokassa went to the prison of Ngairagba and personally shot a number of the sixty-odd jailed students with a revolver. The Emporer subsequently visited : the Kassai army camp where some soldiers were using automatic weapons to ex ecute detainees, according to the Le Monde account. Amnesty International , originally published the charges, that over 100 school children between the ages of eight and six teen were killed in Bangui as a reprisal for their anti government protests, such as stoning official cars. The Le Monde disclosures, supported by V the testimony of teachers, hospital personnel, relatives of the deceased students and children who escaped, blows up the " theory of "police ex cesses" forwarded by Senegalese President Leopojd Senghor at the Franco-African summit last month in Kigali, 3 M a in weekly 8 THE CAROLINA TIMES . SAT JUNE 30, 1979 i " T "T- VIT ' - ' V - & - . - r W I 1 K wnnriH . II HISI1 milK 111 HII ! A embarrassing light French Tf Cooperation " Minister IVVnil VIUWJI VI .. LU.IIIC U11CKCU viuicntc US j X; "pseudo ; events" : and . V makes more' delicate, the ! A j task of the five-nation in- I quest set up in Kigali, s Vi Recent reDorts from the .$r??f!r widespread hostility to the imperial government and the existence of ah ongo ing resistance movement among students, who call for a "return to the republic-' Le Monde's de la Gueriviere says sources told him that during the January student uprising some youth avenged the deaths of their colleagues by shooting poisoned ar rows at members of the Imperial Guard; hospital workers confirmed that roughly 100 of the soldiers were killed in this fashion. And the April crackdown by government forces was apparently triggered by an incident in which youths attacked two policemen and stole their weapons. Most of the violence both the January demonstrations and the April round-up of youths by the government troops took place in Bangui's northern suburbs, which are populated by ethnic groups known to harbor deep resentment against Bokassa's Mbaka people. The French press, in its effort to unearth and publish further details of , the case, has adopted an openly critical attitude toward President D'Estaing. Le Monde, titl ed its series "Paris-Bangui: A Reprehensible Coopera tion," and charged that the cessation of military I aid was a measure." The Jeune Afrique devoted seven pages to the story, headlined . "No Charge Without France," and argued that the aid suspension if it had any effect would simply strengthen the position of Bokassa and his well equipped Imperial Guard against a possible military coup. " Finally, Le Nouvel Observateur indicted D'Estaing for a blatantly "cynical" ' policy, with cutting references to the D'Estaing family's hun ting lodge in the Empire and similar personal con nections. The paper sug gested, moreover, that, human rights appear to be a. secondary consideration for French policy when Central Africa's uranium and strategic location are at stake. UGANDA Lule Out, Binaisa In AN Usufu Lule was voted out of the presiden cy of Uganda last week by the National Consultative Council (NCC). But after ' demonstrations in his favor in which troops kill ed two and wounded more than fifty, Lule backtrack ed, claiming that he had . been forced to read the let ter of resignation, and should still be considered , presidency. Although Lule was still in the state house at Entebbe, the NCC swore in a new president, God frey Binaisa. Binaisa, like Lule a Muganda, was at torney general in the early years of Milton Obote's presidency. He was removed by Obote after a disagreement over the pro mulgation of the 1967 constitution, which gave very wide powers to the president. This piece of history may have con tributed to Binaisa's selec tion now, when there is once again struggle over limiting the powers of the presidency. Lule has used the pre Amin 1967 constitution as his authority for making day-to-day decisions and appointments, and fre quently has not consulted with the NCC. The Amin government abolished the 1967 constitution and the NCC feels that until a new constitution is approved governmental authority , rests with the Consultative 1 Council. 'They say t its authority comes from the meeting in Moshi, Tan zania, earlier this year that laid the ground rules for the current government. You don't have to borrow your neighbor"! copy of .... The Carolina Timet ' Start your tubicription now . f Catt 682-2913 I . . , - t y . i : ' y;;;;.; ;,".v; ".v'v'.r:-" v' -V' , 'V;' "'t. -v.-'- 1 pw;r:W!W 'J' iff ! 'jllii I , ' . ' . , ' "--v,-, , -b- " ft'''"' i v i f if " r K $ :. , I 2i?$ Kte? MEM n v nn Based on projected 1979 Corporate Average Fuel Economy ratings Dodge Colt Hatchback: 32 mpg Plymouth Champ: 32 est. mpg Dodge Colt 4-dr. : 30 est. mpg" Dodge Colt Coupe: 30 est. mtw $S 0' s03 $5- Plymouth Arrow: 28 est. mpg ' Dodge Challenger: 26 est. mpg Dodge Colt Wagon: 26 est. mpg Plymouth Sapporo: 26 est. mpg Dodge Omni Wr. : 2 est. mpg Dodge Omni 024: 25 est. mpg Plymouth Horizon 4-dr. : 25 est. mpg Prymouth Horizon TC3: 25 est. mpg According to the 1979 EPA Gas Mileage Guide, Chrysler, has more gas models rated at 25 est. mpg and higher than GM or Ford. (Models counted by make and body type.) Chrysler has 12. GM has 4. Ford has L And when comparing models with standard engines and transmissions ... Chrysler has 4 models that top GM's and Ford's best mileage carsi Chrysler has 12 models that top every one of GM's new "XM cars, Chrysler has 5 models that top the gas engine VW Rabbit, ' Chrysler has 12 models that top Toyota Celica. And nobody has more 30 est. mpg gas models than Chrysler. automatic transmission got better , mileage ( 18 est. mpg ) than comparably equipped Granada or Monarch. tfpjJ!! " wwaqy-;::-:;::::: 0mtMi awww! r)Aipenl8est.mp)' ' s. " ' ' ' , 3 mr Dodge Diplomat 16 est. mpg J Chrysler LcBaron 16 esc. mpg V J flvmauriiWaictteic.inM " Phmourh Uart 18 est. mpg Looking for room and mileage? I: Dodge Aspen and Plymouth Volare' . with slant 6-cylinder engine and optional Chrysler LeBaron and Dodge Diplomat with optional V-8 and optional automatic transmission got better mileage ( 16 est, mpg) than Ford T-Bird and Mercury Cougar XR-7. ( Looking for high r&n ' mileage? Come to chrysler Dodqz Chrysler Corporation. 1 I i i No. 1 in gas mileage of the Big 3. jzlz? Ccrpcrdf ca.Tto nilco mate?. UEPAesLrjriumberi(cf cpmpariscYc ST. AUG. STUDENTS LEAVE FOR INTERNSHIP PROGRAM These Saint Augustine;s College Student left in May for Hartford, Connecticut to participate in a twelve week internship with the Aetna Life Insurance Company. Dr. ' Wiley M. Davis, vice president for administration at the college is congratulating Roderick Bryant of Washington.,' D.C., who will serve as cooperate auditor. Bryant is president elect of the Saint Augustine's College Student Government Association; Miss Joyce E. Stephenson of Murfreesboro, will be in treasury services. She has been elected to reign as "Miss Saint Augustine's College for 1979-80" Mrs. Millie D. Veasey, director, Carrer Planning and PlacementCooperative Education,' Not pic-, tured: Miss Gayla Williams of Atlanta, Ga., who will also be interning in treasury services. The students are accounting majors, and they will be paid during this . 12-week internship period. ; The crisis' came when Yusufu Lule shuffled, his cabinet for the second time in 12 days on June 19. The Council diassociated itself -from the action and removed . Lule. A spokesperson for the NCC explained that Lule was too authoritarian and that the change was pro mpted by a desire for "a democratic government with freedom of the peo ple." He was emphatic that the change was neither a prelude to bring ing, back frmer: president Obote nor to setting up a socialist government. In Tanzania, Obote claimed toahve no con tacts with or knowledge of the actions in Kampala and said he had no im mediae intentions of retur ning to Uganda. , For its part, Tanzania, whose army still is the main military force in Uganda, says it considered the shjft to have been car ried put legally. High of ficals say Tanzanian tropps are at, the request of 'the Ugandan governent will work with the legal head of state. )Kowe'ver, they have been instructed to avoid getting" in the middle of a faction fight or shooting against Ugan dan civilians f They ahve also been ordered to' pro tect the persons of both Lule and Binaisa. , life lilliBl i - i W pifclillillllll X WOOLWORTH PRESENTS PLAQUE Aubrey Lewis (right), vice president of F.w. Woolworth, presents a plaque to N.C. A&T State University professor and f romer basketball coach Cal Irvin while Mrs. Ir vin looks on. The plaque featured a sealed first-day cover of the Martin Luther King, Jr. postage stamp issued earlier this year by the United States Postal Service. The first day cover was designed by the F.W. Woolworth Company, as a memento of the 50th anniversary of Dr. King's birth and a salute to Dr. King as "impresarior of freedom" and "crusader for brotherhood." 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The Carolina Times (Durham, N.C.)
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June 30, 1979, edition 1
8
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