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jLUME 66 - NUMBER 26
(USPS 091-380)
DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA - SATURDAY, JULY 2, 1988
TELEPHONE (919) 682-2913
PRICE: 30 CENTS
Young Adults
Scarce In
Soul City
SOUL CITY, N.C. (AP) _ On
■i gcnilc hills that were once the
jtile fields of a plantation. Floyd
jcKissick wanted to build an ex-
erimcnt in black capitalism, a new
iiy that would be organized and
jn mostly by blacks but open to all
ces,
plans were announced for Soul
lily 20 years ago, and the now-
ilanci U.S. Department of Hous-
ig and Urban Development spent
29 million on the project. There
«re to be 50,000 people there by
e year 2000.
Today, Soul City has a population
(fewer than 200 people. It has
ecn almost 10 years since federal
Hiding was withdrawn from the
toject. And it seems that the only
eople who stay are those who are
motionally attached to the com-
mniiy or to the idea that created it
David Johnson, 17, said when he
Wnaies from high school nexi
he’ll follow most of his
lj|smatcs out of this Warren
nly enclave in search of a
paying job.
inly job around here is picking
icco," said Johnson, who like
y of his friends wants more
lied work than is generally avail-
in Warren County. "I’ve never
.ed tobacco, Tm not ever going
Where will I go? Don’t know.
1 won’t be staying here." One
, industry, a chicken hatchery,
located in Soul City in the last
r, largely because of incentives
:rcd by the county, Cathy J.
Ison, executive director of the
irrcn County Economic Devel-
ncni Commission, told The
s and Observer of Raleigh in
Sunday editions.
wo others, a small textile
nufaclurer and a packaging com-
, have appeared over the last
years. All three draw employ
es from elsewhere in Warren
■unty. unable to depend on Soul
Ciy for their labor supply.
Df those below retirement age
|iying in Soul City, most already
other jobs when the plants
rc built. Their children, now
inson’s age, are seeking more
illcd work.
lince 1978, fewer than 20
manent homes have been raised,
ily two facilities, the busy
ilthCo public health clinic that
ves all of Warren County, and a
17-unit housing project for the
lerly, are still funded by the fed-
1 government.
lavid Johnson was 6 when he
ived to Soul City with his mother
d two siblings. His was the third
dy to settle in the would-be
wn.
Most of the 13 projects originally
nded under the new communities
igram were suburban expansions
existing cities, such as Forest
k South outside Chicago. Soul
ly, staned from scratch, was
ore ambitious.
When McKissick, a lawyer, an-
Hinced plans for the project in
968, blacks were leaving rural
'anen County and the South in
wral for Northern cities where,
IcKissick said, they were not wel-
ime and did not belong.
To bring them back, there would
ive to be jobs, affordable housing
id a stable local economy.
And it would have worked,
IcKissick insists, if the govem-
W had had more faith, and if it
not given in to the pressures of
Is "political enemies" and the
of some whites who did not
iderstand the concept.
In the designs and diagrams,
'aps and models that traveled
found the country with McKis-
kk, Soul City was a utopian com-
'unity of long avenues, affwdable
omes, thriving industry and con-
inted residents. Its location, in
Wh central North Carolina, 60
files from Raleigh and just off the
eaboard Coastline Railroad,
''euld be ideal fra- attracting both
finesses and families.
McKissick believed Soul City
not fail.
®“t in the eyes of the federal gov-
emment. by 1975, just three years
after HUD pledged its fust $14 mil
lion for the project, it had already
begun to fail.
Four years and several million
dollars later, development was still
not up to McKissick’s predictions.
After pumping $29 million in loans
and direct assistance into the pro
ject, including research, planning
and development, installation oi
power, water and sewer lines and
the construction of HealthCo, the
government decided that along with
most of its other new communities.
Soul City had become a bad invest
ment.
By the beginning of 1979, a gov
ernment report showed Soul City
had created only 15 manufacturing
jobs. Only nine acres had been sold
for industrial land, and they were
later foreclosed on.
In June 1979, the government
withdrew funding and left those
who were there—all 124 of
them—10 miles from anything that
could be called a city.
Blacks In Short Supply On
University Trustee Boards
GREENSBORO (AP) _ The
Uustee boards of the schools in the
"University of North Carolina sys
tem are dominated by people with
money and influence, some mem
bers say, and 10 of 11 mostly white
schools in the system have just one
appointed black trustee.
"In our system, it’s political in
fluence (that works)," said Robert
Eubanks Jr., chairman of the UNC-
CII.AIN NOTABLES at the SOlh anniversary celebration banquet held Thurs., June 23, at a local hotel
(1-r) are; Dr. Donald 1. Moore, Dr. Stanley Fleming, I. Jarvis Martin, Joseph S. Colson, Jr., banqujb
speaker; Freeman Ledbetter, Larry Hester and R. Kelly Bryaat, Jr.
Poll Finds New Yorkers
Critical Of Brawley Advisers
NEW YORK (AP) _ A majority
of New Yorkers say Tawana
Brawlcy’s advisers and the teen
ager’s mother have acted ir
responsibly in their handling of the
case, according to a poll.
The poll also shows that a majori
ty of those surveyed feel Miss
Brawlcy’s advisers are lying in
their account of the teen-ager’s al
leged abduction and rape last No
vember.
In New York City, 55 percent of
black respondents and 84 percent
of whites surveyed also said the
Rev. Al Sharpton and Attorneys C.
Vernon Mason and Alton Maddox
Jr.—the three advisers to the Wap-
pingers Falls teenager—are using
her case for their own "personal ad
vantage," according to results of a
New York Times-WCBS-TV News
Poll.
Among city blacks surveyed, 62
percent said Miss Brawley’s ad
visers had acted irresponsibly,
while 17 percent said they had not.
The remainder said they didn’t
know or declined to answer.
Among whites surveyed in the
city, 83 percent said the advisers
had been irresponsible; 5 percent
disagreed.
Fifty-seven percent of blacks
polled in the city said Miss
Brawlcy’s mother, Glenda, had not
acted responsibly, while 21 percent
said she had. White respondents, by
85 percent to 6 percent, said she
had not acted responsibly.
Mrs. Brawley has taken sanctuary
in a Brooklyn church to evade a
court order for her arrest. She has
been sentenced to 30 days in jail
for refusing to answer a grand jury
subpoena to testify about her
daughter’s disappearance at the
time of the alleged attack.
The poll also found that in New
York City, a large majority of
whites and a plurality of blacks said
the advisers were lying about the
black teenager’s alleged abduction
and rape by a group of white men
in Dutchess County.
Among whites responding in the
city, 9 percent said the advisers
were telling the truth, 71 percent
said they were lying and 20 percent
had no answer. Among blacks
polled, 28 percent said they were
telling the truth and 37 percent said
they were lying; 35 percent had no
opinion.
The Times said the pattern of
"expressed disbelief and hostility"
was even sU'onger in interviews
conducted in the Wappingers Falls
area, where the Brawleys live. In
that area, where the black popula
tion is about 6 percent, the Times
said not enough blacks were sur
veyed to allow their views to be
differentiated with statistical con
fidence.
The poll found that one-third of
whites surveyed in the city, a sixth
of city blacks polled and nearly half
of the Wappingers Falls area
respondents said they thought the
Brawley case would damage race
relations in the long run. Still, the
Times said, the survey found no
deterioration, and even a slight im
provement, over the last six months
in perceptions of relations between
blacks and whites.
Klan March Interrupted
By Rock Throwing
Spectators In Wilson
WILSON (AP)—Four people
wore arrested and 13 cars were
damaged Saturday after spectators
pelted Ku Klux Klan marchers with
rocks during a rally, authorities
said.
"I think it was just a spontaneous
thing," said Wilson Police Lt.
David Speight "There were a lot of
teenagers in the crowd. One person
just decided to throw a rock and it
just ballooned.
"It was a lot of young people just
venting their frustration at the
march," he said.
One local newspaper reporter,
whose name was not available, was
struck by a rock in the left
shoulder, but he was not seriously
hurt, Speight said.
A nursing supervisor at Wilson
Memorial Hospital said no one
went to the hospital for treatment
after the incident
Charles Weldon Vaughn, 30, of
Henderson, and Glen L. Woodlief,
Chapel Hill board of trustees. "The
trustees that lobby most effectively
get those positions." Blacks make
up 9 percent of trustees at UNC
schools with mostly white enroll
ment, while 45 percent of the
trustees at schools with mostly
black enrollment are white.
"The problems we are faced with
are Uaditional problems," said Wil
liam Darity, the only black on the
board of UNC-Chapel Hill.
"Either blacks can’t govern them
selves or they are tokens." "I said
we needed more black (trustees) at
Chapel Hill, but it looks like
tokenism all the way around," said
Darity, who is dean of the School
of Health Sciences of the Univer
sity of Massachusetts at Amherst.
"Having one black is so out
dated," said Harold G. Wallace,
vice chancellor for university af
fairs at UNC-Chapel Hill, who is
black.
There are 13 trustees for each of
16 schools in the UNC system, the
Greensboro News & Record
reported. Eight are appointed by the
UNC Board of Governors and four
by the governor, while the presi
dent of the school’s Student Gov
ernment Association makes up the
13th member.
Every predominantly black
school in the system has at least
four white trustees and one _
Winston-Salem State University _
has seven.
At the predominantly white
schools. Gov. Jim Martin has ap
pointed 44 trustees since taking of
fice in 1984. Just three have been
black, a situation some officials m-
I tribute to a lack of blacks seeking
the positions.
"I do know that there is a greater
clamoring from whites to serve on
trustee boards than you hear from
blacks," said a black UNC chancel
lor who asked not to be identified.
"But that’s no excuse." Others say
competition for the services of
black mistees is keen, and may
leave some schools without the
strong minority representation they
would prefer.
"When you consider all our
boards and agencies you run out of
leadership," said Ray Swink, an of
ficial of the Western North Caro
lina Conference of the United
Methodist Church, which confirms
trustees for church-supported in
stitutions such as the private High
Point College.
"No group in the state is more
concerned ^ut minority represen
tation than the Board of Gov
ernors," said John P. Kennedy,
recently retired secretary of the
UNC system. "The board has been
sensitive to this issue." The situa
tion is repeated across the nation,
where 90 percent of college and
university trustees are white and al
most 50 percent have business ties,
according to the newspaper.
Kennedy said black representa
tion has been better in the past at
University of North Carolina
schools.
"At (UNC-) Wilmington, we had
three blacks two or three years
ago,” he said "I think it is too bad
to have only one black on a white
board." Yet Kennedy insisted
things have improved sihceT972,
when the state’s higher education
system was reorganized. Prior to
thaL boards of trustees at even his
torically black schools were pre
dominantly white, he said.
"In the old days, they were ap
pointed by the governor and the
governor tended to pay off political
debts that way," he said.
The survey found that the ad
visers, who have counseled Miss
Brawley not to cooperate with
authorities—are viewed unfavorab
ly by both blacks and whites,
representing a sharp shift in atti
tudes among blacks since January.
In contrast, the report said. Gov.
Mario M. Cuomo has increased his
favorable rating and state Attorney
General Robert Abrams also drew
favorable ratings, although less so
among blacks.
The telephone poll of 1,131
adults—676 in New York City and
455 in the Wappingers Falls,
Poughkeepsie and Newburgh
area—was conducted between
Tuesday and Saturday. Tlie margin
of error was plus or minus four per
cent for New York City, plus or
minus five percent in the Wap
pingers Falls area and plus or
minus six percent for whites or
blacks in the city.
25, of Kittrell, who were marchers,
were charged with carrying a con
cealed weapon, Speight said.
Vaughn had a shotgun and Wood
lief had a pistol, he said.
Spccuitors Samuel Lee Holden
and Samuel Thomas Saunders, both
of WiLson, were charged with dis
orderly conduct, Speight said.
"Wc will use videotapes to see if
we can identify some of the other
people and there may be some
other arrests forthcoming," Speight
said.
About 25 to 30 Klan marchers
walked down six city blocks start
ing at 4:30 p.m., Speight smd.
"There was a whole lot of heckling
and that sort of thing" by some of
the 800 to 1,000 spectators, he said.
The group that sponsored the
march was identified as the Chris
tian Knights of Ku Klux Klan,
Speight said.
The rock throwing lasted about
15 minutes. "It was a sporadic type
thing," he said. .
\ COLUMBUS, OHIO—Vice President George Bush spoke to the
Fraternal Order of Police saying, "For those who commit drug-
related murders, for the drug kingpins who are poisoning our ki^
the penalty should be death. If this is war—then let’s treat it as such.
Let’s get these killers off the street" (UPI Photo)