rriT 1 y, """:;'.''!' . ,r ",'.',, , .,.,.,., - , . ",' j ".., ... , , - v 'i 1 , 1 " ..' ' vr-.-V ,;.
uiti;a"r raleighn.cpuijush VrSrio"isCiS;ii;'
1 ' , .illlK.H I lit IIIUII til I I i I,
M8-.tK,KEtlNOr ADDRESS t-
0 Tfi fJ?0EK dTH tlNlYEHi STAtES.f
.)nit,lhe-;'Wrote lua- Notes on Vkgitiia, 'did
ijaifine liie reotik's hith .and caticnc -would
'rulcis, sucU.oUvtous n important interests,
s their fotomcrce tfiq ovig-tton andxcominuq
Lrfliitd render it ?-rllIiJp5 T
e' espfcrlenc'ed occasienal bppositiqn.: -1 $9jne of'' Tbis'fJr of gjn-boaiV, Jostea of shipsYf ibe iimUed'tiie 4h ttade W our r teYi.rf 1
projects were too preposterous, or fonpraedcav j,ntf aud friLratasi-is peifcctly coosTstent vilh aod countries, notbuino. inrl.a In k AW
,.to bc' maintained by Jiis friends. - ApcTjala corifinnon of th'fcpinion extensively oier Wtfrr that trade; and cot hatirfp-lMiknrL.w '
gh, he succeeded W' getting t his' gunboats tained--tbat Mr eHersott and his chief suppV ed by ibis state to thc Unltril Krut. . - A i '
i'yet, as'sobn as hcceasedjdbe presicknt, ters vtr not friend?, ifihey'afe not enemies to the. -' Resolved. That the! KJh ittnkJ.tTnt iai "
went out V7a7i' It'was discovered that. foreign trtuaerce of. the United States' as con. uoconsth'utlonaL.and ttUrA t thmt&'3?t'
s favourite echcme ft ccoeral defence, Vas nected WUtthf it havisralion, and. that thrv are a. our Jaw . a.'wif .v.:. -r
fectivfc and cbnternptible if not Trapracticable. like eneiws td an tfficient naft,. .nf these tlunffs nrnment : as ' tlie bonds rrrt.iiri, .'r.C,.!
in ibe first session of congress qnde.r hj? sue- I arri senHible many of my fello ciUzens; will alties annexed to breacft of ibe law. ate 'mLi. i' ;
CJunejisos cowmittee.oi tne Senate neea po ewyidertce. 'for the information of Uonable and excessive . t J-
ported a bill for selling the: gun.boats, vvuh i ihe ot otljersJnsteaji; of more.dtjtails, atiVtime-t' Jtfsolvedr That 'xU bbbdsVnredbf rhe'r': -
tion oi a Small nulmber tot particular situ l $uDtoi le eptn a-Vowal of a distmeuished mem. chains, h ihf ftf.in,nr,H!i . . 1 ui st, 2 '
Vctjf v?'j7.o ;t "''or th'.' ri--
,tr. JilTJO' ttJ J , Ajuthe acu-j p .ofour
Lflnlrymen aiWh them to corbuftercl, T'X
tiLl'txercise H for thjpmelvew''Yei'at ifkiiAoii
If iheycar j 807,, he; bad acquired! the .confidence
I the mass of the nation to siich, a degree," (hat
name familiar .for , tj'tejnfioralht suspension of
: i . - v.' n i - -.- -
Qmraercrarflsvjgajronjio? some aspnea ana rej-
ksrjt cause.o? objecv iiPoOhe aqnmobsing4he
klargo was y?.i0)oot limitation, ;aHd;,vrhhout an
oejjaie ?au?e or. oojcci. i ne reasons ne jassign
dtoconeress were so flimsy,' the documents he
:otfiaii that, if the effect of
Tersretning .confiaenccTaindhe" forctofHriyV
?ere not known, it would seem ; impossible that
lilhepCQplciWiiFeveri euficring the loss of tra'de;
higUM be lesK IracbleTtbaftr-eongresaf lltWaj
h
his
blc
thou
built
lAeij
thi
de
And
cessor
re
reserva'
rions. ? If the blirhicTbecbme Vlaw, and. thty had
then -bteii iold", It;! 'possjblo they rnight liave
fetched 4 tenth part of wlm thcy had osttJie V-
mtea araitsf in tne. last yr ars oi Mr. jeucrson s
bixsiderfcy.ivInjltbis gun-boat project we' see one
rii'pray-ot rihat gentleman S'.vir 'om rmi cconoTn:
''"ttte rillr carried t'p-'lt: m tf i'0!-
&enled to be thiax; As soon; as if s.knowtv
anroaa tnai oe gun ooai system wa?( no- longer, ?a
Xtrt$ by h'e-administratioa'j if ft were not eyen a
subject of derision with one or. more of tits roetn-r
bers aa well as in' congress and that & committee
6f the 'senate had Reported a bill for selling this
ventured Oft the exBerimfcntl'' nf sbandoninc
:W acean,1 under -t.he difytitic- of an Embargo ; specie,, of 1 naval armamentVv the, editors of,
iicrcapMjici a Kucncu .iiicir oiiocb .npuu ificui nun
tipbraiding- ridicule. The pi?de of the;g0yerhment
wasjoucneu ; pernaps-ivir. jenerson,naa miener
ed 7sorneT)f hiifriend&ibrlhim' : to saVe ihis
berjw cop, frqm' Virginia d'lirin the last
. to lan4 their, goods,, are 1 fiMjonly excwfve, Itt J. ' 7
T'' r ,W Jn ?.eyNtoopeno. jp. tbe, thut irnoiiftt ,but ihey are calculated toopfevatl ",i ,
plan of tbe.admjwstron andts prime or conf as a pledge -to.Bibd'Ae merchant 1Iq his tod" Z" '
fadential feirporters . and1 will aid ;ls in acCourit- behavior tvgoverninnXVfc'bplaciVL' him in Ihav'J'-V '
mg for tl.tir conduct in delation foceign pow.' power of .aJmimsVAiiobo taafc&JtiV ui.scf,f J
ers, toirrhfclft particular.. t, ' ylcnt )Uv view4 't,-
,.----- v . .".ill-: . r. -r,,.'. , . ". ' su .
theja&
tp United Stateshat itsfate.Va's toe ' decided
fn party pripclplest soJhjs .cplleague.spoke" or
" opr government usijit r 4 nat u was3 govern-
innt pf Wy ;'that they "wefe" obliged to'havp
'.Vrecourse to wleh1 measures as -would enable them
a return theirfilacea : that they'hever' would 'i'o
vtffwar. for 'lb, rfghta f the ocean : commerce
newwoaw fte protected by lorce j novceri if
there was a blockading fleet ' at he ,Wuth )f
eacn 01 our naroors : and goverutnegt rthe par?
tyirow woweand,admjnisteripg the govern-
i aui;icni 10 ueiray me expences Win,
Lt M . ' . . i-.t'.-l' - i.
ed.-; Repeated- Mvicw;fronJ' " :Fraht- butt - v
yut .uusv utn oi? hui 41 rorce, a
ficial, letter of our, government loGerieralATSal j
strong, dafed July lOj .im.'ft wasdtclafed that ;-s
.? wuuactory jrovit-ion, lor restoring Anierici' f " '
property sei atf MVjFjan ifHijisi txecomftned Vith- ; v
non-intercourse with GreatBHti!h'nA ; A;
ter of Nov. 2, ills, declared;, thst.- ip as'rOWg- ib' '? ''
eep)pi necessary to wrap up tne project $n mys-
bty. ; nencei itasthatarLot the documents
tie wttridrawni'iuid returned , to Mr Jeflerson,
s hij had tequesjad r nd kept .secret until the
wii completely saddledvith the embargo,
'V "r- ufV7 ,'' Aor oRO ai lengtn
ey were gaio ccfromunicated and published yet
?as whip; mass 01 otner papers,' and without
Ondication.tbat they had been orfginally offer
(what nbv One-not iatccjret would suspecO
par otna groonds for ih;mbargo7Tbe3e
a jpers iJhall publishVwhen I come to inyes
rate the reaL inhunea f Mr rflrann trf
kj -vi . ' ' WbUVIdUU JL4 .CVwill
lendmg that measure. i
Mr. JefFersoni having staled
topltBt the iJpited,5tates
sexsc, na - tbt tber
feelings. ?-Be this as, it 'may ih biirwaTpoltpbaT
ed i and the gun-boats remain unsold , t although
excepting twenty, four at New-Orleans, they were
. . tuati ?.m.T:f: " o auomer mcrnoer 01 apipea,rs mat none of tne1 nroeticari HnWM.M
Zr IT tftC laidpiofflgretlw the declare I seired apdsiquestei'ed. by l
hebillto authorise the sale,) thatfuoh was fresh in his rnemorV. comffiTtT-trWiftw.fltiiitthnf
A'"grf-bat suffered to lie: in' port fV coe 1 Writing., Inavejiotnow room for comments n. bV tm Vi-iWi, :y7B&f7'U
iTtrson inat the treuentr aKerationsf Ote
laws respecting traaeierH Wriafan cf-r'
0n.1t. it it coes rwtpeak aIapguag,too plain to
require any. . t ; T . ,
' ; TIMOTHY PICKEIUNG.
fives, draws tbfs 4iiiurence--f':Var, tienTmusi
metimes be our1dl.,'i,This led him, to broach
ii opinion op 4 the most suitable preparations for
ar. And be' says., that" whether wc mnviH fnr
fence or 'eHkC5 tKt sea is the' field on whirK
re should ' meet aS Eujtopeaft enemy. 'On that
lenient it'-is .Bece'ssary We should possess some
K)wr.T ; He theh offer his reasons Why a small
ivw jorcens sumcient jor us ; and adds, that " a
ntall one is necessir'y'i The result bf his r JUn
kioris of .yeaTs
fwney to fornvanairyr would be eighteen ships
ine whether more of' less than ?ii
;hould,be dapplied.'-' -v -v-
'Here wejeti MrJenerson's deliberate opinion
)f the ptaet herrtbeHJnitedijtatesought to meet
i Eiropean enemy, and of the fittest inftrtimrnit.
WwAfareV'wbVtfiet for .offence or pefen'oe." Now
iWBiifQ practicewnen
yearrvitbout giving her ariy kind of repair, she
wnl probably be found, at the end "of that year,
wholly unworthy of teing repaired."-! tike it tor
granted, that (with T the exceptvonvoT the...fcw at
New Orleans) the gun boats were not repaired ported: andlhroWttia should
Within that year, nbf since): and of ednsequencerise fatrly above water! Orr these ridges (I do
that they are now worthless. T-L! . '! not know whether inthe form or a square or cir.
In the ' same report, the secretary of the navy ; ck) were toesedallstWsonj-yiljhJnk
gave nis esumaie 01 me annual expense 01 wiling twelve leet 1ngh, and of a thickness (I suDDde)
care 01 uic gun-pua iaiu up lanuaii out mose ai sumcient to resist the battering of cannon, as well
NewIeaiisjwerelaid up) amounting to fifty-.as of the sea.. By an opening leftjn pr.e'ofthe
four thousand sevenTiffdrediamlmbe.d gun-boats were to ""enterT AndthTs V-
ato even tne mie-aavinswaxiriBK von the tinwiofiss :uxuUon, k exclaimed wiih
been made two years ago, have been prevented by transport rfien let a British ship of war snow
utumvifitaaiui mo icuiauun, w ,uc priuc i;usc ner nose u sne dare I
who co-operated with him in the original project. If may occur to soirTe to ask, whV tbi? Wet
uunnere is more economy in tins business' vet Dock fas, well as the Tlrv TWk
to be disnlavrd. In annihrr rpnnrf. mstrl. hf jlA . tt r . . - r
j r- i , " . , ----- . swiuwmgiess.. unjonunaieiv or tortunate-
days after the former, thesecretar, of the jhavy iy-Mr. Jefferson happened to meetwith a 'man
states the. comparative expends of building gun- of common sense and experience, a Practical phi
boats and frigates; by wh
lormer wouiu cpavgun tor gun, more than twice , ed. This eentlemann the "first blicee'ndeavohr.
LaOfh:as;thatteri
6-". v-;iu..u ..v..aue anu Uie proposed loundation of his wall would not; re
24 pound long cannon) would cost 52 1.C00 dol- sist the noftihg of the Atlantic Waves. But when
i i "ft lold Pf the middle ground oc-
-vswy UVUU113. anuiiiuv me uuuuiuvroia pun-icasjonallv shift feci i .inA.lt ;r 1.;.
hoats. rari'vino- purh nnp mm. ivniiM Prc- ?o crui ! 1 . v- . . . T -.
' 'vt f & j v-"j- "ww rocsj resistea tne lorce i th :. th.v nnM
rtr;lljir that trvfiirhl tfi mine Vin l,nrA f Do ( . . ...
bbitifswOulA requjregmejijjind to fight 56
ten to nsnave'the bonest tntrchahfc ! The eniQar.
go restrained exmtatim; hut permitted "itnMrtaJ
-inc. OlUCf vl
minjrs nowreversedr!oi-3
f aioSperralftednd
This-versatility in tlieJneasftofveArae
while it nianifcsts want ofyem'trtieke.stW :,'
? reSulaiLnifltLof lVnincr
confounds all calculation ( and rebderifig pfi
unlawful to day which; wasycsterdaH lawmilM
tends to ensnare the most cautious rrien, and spb
jzj; I'zir7" "oasiti tjuuajiutbiucis w aic no
wjsdom caHtsee
cause an inland to be formed ; and - that the en
irancB intn hlt Wtrh Inr i-SiintY u wlill K. KwirT,I
flenrrw ..,' vt.4 (runs in As ernh-nnats.. wnnlH rpniiireOTnTTrJ.,-. . t v- . " r . -T
x. Z , "uwir,r. .r & UP ."rJenerson-gaytway awtMBc project was
.h-W.L .1 .. 1 and that tli.-sf 5S-2fl mn nn Knorrl W.mio, rf. 0 - - ; -Ki "
Mof power to the Union. . Instead of etTective
50tJ of the bne: fibd fngates,vcapable of ." meet
a European" enemy on .the sea," he recom
inehcU !the build'mg of squadrons, of gun boats
!y ; Which could npt meet a European or any
er encniy of the; seai Yes, be expressly states,
that this species of naval armament is proposed
f-SplPPtnlton j; that it cau have
fut 'vB? Ct lowafds "protecting our commerce
p.Dpn iwa jEvcti; bfi our own coast j and still
ip m pDecome an excitement to engage in of.
psivt maritime ; war, towards which it would
fc'Tbliihti! tn6at$ system perfectly coincides
W-aluietbatrpf 'renouncing; all commerce
,T.af feasr all commercial navigation foVgun
1 can, nav? out 'e ; eSVci to-
apfl protecting; it in the open Sea . even on our
v".iwasv Jiut,fte subjoins OMeconsolation,'Mar
tmoatft&itt not tcmfit us to engage in ofvntht
Thii reason is of the same kind
iiai;tbat offered to congress, in his first messace
December: 8.' 1801'i for
: "T. a lUlLtreasurVi revenue Grrum4,Ut,
mounting i 6 rguns, and each requiring 420 tnen,
can fight 336 guns, consisting of 42 pound car-
ronades and 24 pound long cannon (that is, the
1
The;$rst intimation of this prbiect was etveh to
me by a friend of . Mr. JsffeVson; who" heard hi'm
utter the stout defiance of the Lrilhh vavij j and
2520 men would man and JJght sixrjgates of 5.6the details bf it by a gentleman With whom Mr.
""gti oiler terhptationv to make war. This he
-WSied as amotive-for the repeal ,7 which he
"a i" pioposed) bf ail the interndl ta xes. , for
: . Irson : has'a favorite protect In vieVv, he
eagtrjy on every circumstance whicjfi may
!3.I5lc' ju'stifyor3 excuse ;Us execution. ' VThat
-.upmea repeal oJ the taxes, had been diligently
3-" l..?'ofB?int?puIa4ty;.;,and.B1f.
. TT.IS polityof Mr. Jefferson, of guarding against
-" abundant treasury, operated to a charm. His
v'flP "measures Jeft the treasury empty t
orsetbancrnpty i-;for in thVW.ycar of
-WadisOrt's presidency, it was found necesjiary
' .Provide bv Uw foff t!he borrnwimr of nmH
. oS dolliH' to defray the! public expehceS i"
ftheWtfor-tlKJ
(, although Jb politiwl questions affecting
,' neral views and interest of the party,1 Mr.
guns",each.) He concludefs bis, comparison with
this further statement : " that the difference be
tweeh the annual expence of fighting 46 guns on
boarda frigate, and 28 gtln boats carrying 56 guns
two to each boat is SorSo, dollars V and that
the ' "difference in the annual expence of fight ingl
guns on ooara a. mgate, and 56 gun-tdats
carrying each one gun, is 535,200 dollars.'' That
is above half a million of dollars metre, for 56 gun-
Jtffersbiil conferred on the subiect, and Who made
the objections above; stated. V '
l. 1 C -i NswHavew, (Con.) May fi
; 1. JTRldTlC RESOLUTIONS, : ,
On Saturday fast the the citizens nf th town nt
New-Haien. agreeable to lecal warning, asse'm-
b'ed for thti purpose of taking intb consideration
boats carrying efach one gun, kept in7 service one lue embarrassments-to which they are subjected
sartie:time, carrying the same number of uns
Wlfco now will call in question the wIMont and c.
CoisoMY of wr, Jefferson's plans ? But the gun-boats
uugiu, 11 jjix-pcuy siauouea," mat is, in tae
smooth water of land Jocked harbors', afford some
aid in defending such ports ; they 'could not pro
lect our commerce in the open' sea, even on our
own coast : ships of the line and frigates, could
db both' and gun boats had the preference tfr '
In the senate on a question for putting some
of the frigates in commission 'for service," genei
ral Smith, advocated the measure, partly on this
ground, j7aif seamen would not inlisl to serve in
the gun-boaie $ but when inlisted for the frigates
they. might be; transferred from them to the gun
boali (- On this kidnapping idea .sfea faring men
will be the best commentators. S i ;
; f There is oneJact connected wfiththe gun boat
business which is little known ; and as it was in
tended to form a part of that system of defence, n
may-nbt.-be unlntercstiu'gr'? ;:K i
.'Th er,t?, iSiJ near the eni ranee of the "Cn'esapeatel
Bay, a space bf sonic miles-ia extent called the
raiddle grpuhd,Xvvheref ;the ; water is 'bf suffi
citnt ; depth-for gun boats, but too isfiallhw for :
riipsbr-waK if-Teffenw .rcWii .-tq.'
lormton sonicpan ci tnis shoal, jln wfsj for
it8!0"!11 t species of naval armament? "This
was, to be accomplished by encompassing a part
of the shoal wtihbraburids of ( rocks, to he trans.
; - .v-v'i: v;r - u-.' i-'-u' av.- -:At i.-r- yj.' - ,
J. , ' . .. '.'.'-.'.'' .. 'v.-- r'..,-. ". v.'
.,, n , , 1 . 11 - ; f 11 . t . .. ; j--.
..,.,, ; iip. .ktMirr .'iy..... j. ,1 1 j...,JTj -rr, y ' " ' ' '' ."....'. -. JJJ
by the operation of the Non-Intercourse Law, pas-
sed at .th Jate; session jof Congress ;-abd?iaiter
living partly deliberated CM the sutyect, 'pasied
tbe folio wi Resolutibns by an almost unanimous
vote: - ;. ..
lietoh'datas the sense cf this Meeting That, per
manent, durable laws prohibiting the?' citizens of
hj.c ( uuiii, Mwii 11 ttuuig 10 loreign , nations, are
an infractjon of , the Constitution of the United
states.' "'' . , -'
Resolve That prohibitions of foreisrn trade are
partial and( unjust in their operation ; as they pei
cunariy injure tne merchants, who have?; vested
their property in shipping whose habits of busi-
ness arejormed, and cannot be easily changed, i
and who have engaged in a lawful occupation, in
'ConfidenceT'th'a'tbey should enjoy the same" free
dom and: protection in their emnlovment. as eve.
ry othej class of citizens Equally" partialand
unjirst are such prohibitions as they affect com-
iivciui! lowqs, ana commercial states, whose in-
terest is pnmarily affecte'd, and most sensibly in
iured. 'I'V ''"' r :".r: r:-.
i Mesoivea, Fhat mys. resraihmgfiour trade to
foreign countries are extremely judicial to: the
agricultural ..interest ; in preventing the exponas
tion pf surplus . productions jdtcumScribirig
the markets,. & that thi di
dimiiiish jhe value of lands arid labour. ', : ;
1- "Thatjhe Non-Importation Law is not
withinthiv legislative 'powers-t rthe national W.1
vcrnmeni ;. tae power ot trohttuwg for an "un
K
Resolyedy That.a,lawwhichermitreXpoftet
ch, withbutjLhe yighttQ IjnpbriUaitoa fatal XikifrMfi
at'aii'acUve-'f:6mmer(!
ftpighi ja PWrvibbs? without Uclx 'trade TcftffXitf-
fi '1
be lucrative rory woi;proSecudD!ir t'.anarmeiW1:!
sent law,; by prohibiting the; importatiorx of pro. "
perty purchasecLbefbre the law-was passed ivpe-:;W
culiarly iniurious' abd oonressiv. anH MiSi.rSnWu. s S, I
culiarly injurious' bd oppressive, and especially
to the;- merchants inJvew-Haven.; Mk, ; "U-:-i
Resolved, That the course of measures' Diirsnet!
bypur go vernme.nt, for a number of years past, a-yi
larms us with (he ' arthehsrnrii-:thaf ' iM'tk'i
sures aremtended Jo' depsestjoyithei';!
owommerce oi the tastem ahd .middle States J 444,
and thus to imnair their strength, k diminisb (heu
importance, v Nbripre weTcss aprehenwvc iha k
country, the' system which prevaifs pnrmeCtmtf
nent of Europe; A gainst such projectSr it is bur t -i; .'
dutyilpjj.cmonstraie
t:Kn uv.e .l.. .. r .1 - !.'?'.
perseverance in" interdicting
importations i-from Creat Britain? instead' of u-J ,
ducin'giheTadmmistriio
yoke their oi-ders, will probably issue ; )n niasiref ' fl
which will isubject ourtrade tb iiew, embarrass,'' '
mehts, by giving rise .''iircaitooldrliicK1' ' '
make'Bridsh ships thecarriers of our production -and
by increasing the exptnees of freight, lessen.
ihe value of our exports... -Td this we may; add
that such a trade. ;or any measura-which should
mul tiply the difficulties f exchanging productiotis,. -
would inciease tjie' practice of smuggling W)ic ' '
not only defrauds ihe revenuet'; but be fccts a nernix -
cious;habit .of evading itheJaws a'?,:-' - 1 '
jyieitfrlui jhH 'm. com Jbtrte . J embarrassed , bf , 1 '
too mucltrelaiibn, arid restrktioo, is deatruc. V"
11 m mjuiujh 4ii-.ycaiugi auujq mai respect
for .lawM'bj coMthutes the beace and order of " '
socielyi aiiitf r, the;, best '' security tf j itree'gbvern- "
mtbt. It . removes the busiritss from the upright - I
merchaut,twlTo jKsictaaelaw'imaimbath'. and .
mm iurvwsi, iDttf(ineiaoas Qi unprincipies men 1
who lisregairdlbothlt multiplies spieji arid io- :
former; -Jtv-edgenders' ?trast amdng citizens r '
it offers p premium for the , 4 1
and -perjuty j it createf Ktiatipn j , it generate
contempt fipf governmenufe ci ' v '4 $ 1
i. 'Rtfotietti&bk a free trade to the British, do- 'V.
mtnibns is riariicularjy ; advantageous to the JJbiu' -
ed States ; as those' cbuntries want maayolour
productions, while our citizens need many of vthe ' 1
pructionMB'daQu&UiresbiT the British fief, 1 ,
1ipioiiS):;which.eyJuraiBn in great abundance, '
and on the best terras isotticoiC jahich ;'areesseWv '
tial to our' 0 wk manufactures. , iJ. i? - . 4 - ,
"Resolved
'msures'oreign' gdvemmeiiu fcy rhibuing a !
CpmmerciU intercourse v.itl their subtcct, is both" Tv
inefficacious and mischievous fincjfxaciofo-bt..
cause no haftion ? is' sufficiently dependent on the v
trade of the United Siate to be coropened by the
-want Of them, :Ad:chir!:gaf:fXx of f measures.-'
deemed essential to its.say- or ; j.n'terest rnit cke.'
vioua, because such interruption of our for ijju -
nauc cuccks oomesiic incusiry.ana. ernerpnze ira:
ernroent 1 the. power of ' ttrohititirg for an "un- S; fConcluded ' intkt fourth ficceij ,?:-