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RALEIGH, NiC
PUUSIED
FRIDAY
t laaMrm- .
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J. . -V
1 ' I I, i i wi m n "mi ii i 1 1 : 1 . :""!," . ' l
'" 'i'l ' " - ' I '
B-I '
. .- '.t .i
rt prospcrou state 6ur cojierc
ioiJyi)n. VIr. Jefferson to,IBtn:l;i
tb rWgrcss, ; which -ht fept nth.lf
. i. -u.,. :aa ti tK.Sft fren. iihiiitarion ok r ranee oiany pi. weu "'""'"-rrr
Ln should kwe"; their: plices Up power and ; pear ;hearuly to desire, rn
rrStaus of officeAfljnny We aSked,v Ahd what are1 the blessings -?f Jj
itSrd to their wvWoularise from j which seerrf so attractive . in the eyes, of inany o
f i ney are suni m .tov . --
mm
l.eie-1 countries on tn eannxnc. uuiiw Tr o . fi . ..j ft- , ftf lfliu.
(tkglisbiMiM
.r....oa nu iVimiiafiip.-f'nn2rBo'i nower our. v"? srr-.T ,v. i; r . j - - .. .: - -- .
Gtinm ZW m oi party, kadtrs, j ingemocrais -H W JShlted M camHmjitiim
riwstiiiiwUbelhQnoujp;or hi latd, his hd&i anattle'
lheknow Drecisely theamouatof hts taxes'" nd
if! these .be Keayy; discontent. inot ao "-unusual
consequence. : Yet - someMmes necessary wars
(suchas hat of the Amei icantevolution) and de
fensive Var3 in general, are of such xteht and
long continuance, as tarequire large revenues, and
proportionably heavy taxes. Now if he ..whole
of the taxes in such cases were .imposed upon
eoods' imported from other countries, great pbr-
miservand ruin on all theitions of them could nevef be collected : the temp-
i country, andvthus evade the taxes altogether:
I would be so crreat,
i . ...i. . i. . k. I. i h h i in id . nrxrxn rntHii. . vabiiiK. ' w " -
a .vwir it aioti". c.aiv maintain ana secure uws. huhuum '""T" - - ... v- . . j k
C v - r . - --j----
,..v
The
navieratioiwvhen
mv" justiued, rha -sa hj rtemajl. v; 1
tha tby ve re thefinvost thriving irhen leit'
most lrf ldmdqalntieriaip' &8onapart -.
nsu a unic ocicux cwvcniu oa tui ixaincai career ,
power.,. . j, o renuer rnu ifsumfcauai.lufc.iw--;
lhcWasu.8 vnu - , 7 ihaIn, Vn ,he armies. thaUhey may
'fart, the nooour ana sauvy p. inc uuu, ; " , t , ,i A vriM nf
& Wquu ta.Wwer3at is, the . great bo-thaveUhhonour : to endure aH
fTl ac DeapWtthe nation, must oecesarUyjwafto fight.andto die. not for jheir CpJ"?.
WAr;? Jn,1 S9fv hm for the boundJess ambition of an unfeeling ty.
desire -HMU mwvu,m v-, " ' , . w'whi themselves, and the instru-
be promoiea fiuu secure) v1 ot 7 1 1 w .vv , v . j
tinehtsl System,
rubilatm ft, dt rectly (of th r purpolf xiippUug ' 'J :i
or eatroyihg ibecommencc1 ot 'tltttii -'firkato..''
(poncufrnce qf thetJriHed - States (whose' com.
mekce'then surpassed that . of iany. other na
that of Great Britain excepted as necessaryvt9
rendetto' syitem com. r
plete. -And withm lesa.than: three months after- T''
ward?! and jWrl bUr4ays, after the armal of dis-,
patches at VVa?Wng6nt special.-'
rnessengtr from PaasJ: his embargo vas;tcora"'
mendefl to CbngreSii'and ihe bwfor imposing it
passed in the Senate O theiiflrnir'day" Hi 'f
.llie ufcpopuiafity of
necessary a'nd prudent ;!n ih'cijpshhshm .e
have seen thatjwr. Jetlerson weltJUndefstoodr
, as w iih many to he irresistable Yet the direct tax, on horsevahds, ?ce; originated, : .
ataxjjnore commocyy caucq aj ti i jihsibkc whu iur. jcnci-nou s jwp panyjj v-
rted alrleT t wimyer o.(is 44
,w calTevil good ahd good evil v that put aarK-.on any Pu V. . m ..a to approach in their amount, to the value made by
,J&JtehtaLht..foM
ndsweet for bitter s" then what person oe F . .ch has BrkThi. where frequent wars bav, demanded im-
approve? The pernicious mea-jed. For since the I-rench revolu -hr.2"-. "'J1' Jl "2lllt ; .k. "duae. m some eoods
heen the Increaseu ana eeneiai prusiriiuri ui uiw ..- . . . . "
rata? Vuch scopc andVncouragementave on imported were so h.gh as to occasion very exten.
.ii on. rr mM. that not nntreatienil V 'c suiuciuiu, v... )
wJL'iwid ;ia a, icuoiDiracv atruinst reDUiucanisrn'-!J
.n nt that reoblicafi government which carried
s uiurftphanily through the dangers of the war,
an nV'iis'o-monarchial aristocratical party has ri-,
ihrse avowed obiect Is to impose on us
ite 'iuUtanKx as they have already given us the
orWthe;8ritish goYernment. By th .form
lion Dfthe Unittd Staiet. which he and his parti.
- . .1. ! .
bicteJ lor weet m
the dcodIc aapi-ove i 1 he pernicious
....J. f thir tWetvino' leadera. Evn in the
JU1VJ u. o . ,
A.vi 6' Washington thev alarmed the fears ol the
people, that the system . oi administration which
U,anobitity,!'lromwbich, by the revolution,
iv u,d tecentW beeu - freed- Mr. Jefferson m
tm memorable letter to hi friend Mazzei, dared
: .mrf ta-.V 1 1 1 tJ rr.ti'r V m R A fl 1 1 1 1?
if , cUlbSvUk viiv -a. w .i w w v -"-ft : rr
tfithin$int whftin, as president,' the execu j
w i.awer was at tnat time vestea " me
didwy aH ; in otacers oi croy-rHmcni., -(
renreseiitativei. lenorted a resolution" fnf" thedt-
rect tax- v The journals of Congress (which I hayti1 i?v,
thtulotat hand) will show. Perhaps it, was aniirTifiw
fhe father betrayMhnind the son Ihlather
. .. ms. f,i r k;s r.wn all v collected more money, . .
Ln,. " , In a word, the-will of Tthe imperial :yo 1 have gone into this detail o g.ye some idea of
7. 1. 1 .4 mnct rrr;,. nnnWwmns tht Dowerfu! reasons, which induced AY asningtoo s
L i.flickedon the people. His decrees in ft. administration, at a time when our revenues from
, . ; jt . . . .. ... .nm,,rinwlw small, nnilinf nun.
fcay w t-- -
raise a patt
tn arid to thie e-xiatintr "unnrimilaritv iof the federal -
17. r-i --w v.-
administration resecticg internal taxes"A 'direct j. .
iax was aiu ui exaci coniormiiy wiui ire couaiuif; -j
rccttaxes -snail be appointea trom me several ,vJt
staev according to their respective nurnbers or; ' 7
population. It was then said by, Mr. Jefferson's
partisans that the taxes ought to be dirtctiat
the peope might know and jeel what they paid. f ;
nlerirtaughtb rhatc-very thing pertaming-to
Enelanu, ana to wve every uuK ciiauiiu
-France That the chiet magistrate 01 cngianu
liwng'Tliat
yer iavi ) While France, calling heself a.re
'fiS'dtb must be 7ef, and the rulers the patriotic
.mtTtocAnuner
T.'. , .... - -e n 1. r nulirts iinavoidab V Ereat. to
trading -towns ana cnus 01 r rrcc- ounfeu,. wr rr- rr L .u J. ,l
Instate! once ao active , and flourishing, with a of necessary revenues by othe taxes than thosc
3..,tL f o Kn,i .hn.in.l on eoodv imported; lest the increasing, of the lat-
:rT:.' ; .31 i VtepiotLe extent of tbe public wants, should put to
S inhabuahts- The destruction and misery have jeopardy the whole sslcn., by the temptation it
visne4 Wnd.winhJiad.grown.and existed by iwouia nave givcu u ,omM&&..6.
commerce, ana'au omer .counme wneic uie.Hv;'""v...v.,
French emptrr.rV sway is established Amidst tor pruoawy m nocoumiy i-iue,-ui.
,k.im;vk.riimii f.nieMl over the nations of F.ii ' duiies on. Kuoiis imported so universally hnd.no
v., 3,-. v,,,,!,,,-, r.',nrtin nnmn. in snUn- i noiublv paid as in the United States. The system
dour, in" luxury, surpassing all example ; and fairly established and the ha&it ot regular paying
hich th mny millions plundered from the citi- nce fixed, the same duties admitted oi a gradual
tens of the United States have'coritributed to sup- and moderate increase. And had the same sys-
r " r . , 0 . . . . , . ... o iku narannu a.ifl rirnifTir
"No coipnectioffii
thvTefbretno ueaty, not een of amity and. com.
Wrte, jo?W cw fenfflt, anajor trie fttumeni
tyW diifiUbtt. - nTust -be formed wiih England, Iet
-.tAeurity- of repubUdanlinj' ' should be, defiled .y
hr Whoredoms' ,Irt h"e same letter to Maa.,
W, abbve mentioned; Mr. Jefferson repreenied
tnanf of the most distinguished citizens of the
Vf.ited , States as having : become apostates from
'ihhliMMsai f 'ihen' he says) whu were Solo-
owns in counsel and Sampsons in combat, but
akme'Vatr was "cutoff by the whore. England."
- Mearungt that Ei.gland had corrufiied them,
ndso, 'preven.ed, the, exertion 01 meir
Wisdom; virtue and energy in administering the
government. There is no room to -doubt , that
Mr. -Jefferson comprehen'ded Vahington in this
attjaciousproach.i7eyc.rethepubUcau
IBs Utter In the United States ir was first pub
Joshed by Mr Jefferson's French friends m Paris
CWr, efferson sejdbm, il ever, passed' Mount Ver
iea wUhauLaUingr itndmgjaiv argy ior
ibmifting it a byt after its publication .these cvili:
'ties entirely ceased. A visit then, he was sensi
jfc would lvave beerean insult not to be borne.
?lluwhat Uiewisnv under whicibthe Britons
Vaned, and for sobmission to which Americans
'towel taught to think and call litem slave t
These iave$ asserted" and maintained the very
lich 'the saees and ineroes ,01 o.ir
-. ..' .j t rr.ao . ,.a ika v.Th?Tvrprs than to save tne persons auu uruueny
UCV U U5CU VJ UHII J'JTVI lull vu l iu 1 .u nv . . ,1 -
restoration, or indemity for whch have been but of the people, caused the embargo to be imposed,
r,:.i. ' . - - Ithaf honorable payment of tiuues would have been
l4tViJ avv. J '. 1 .. 1 - fT.' , ' 1
And how is hia bubservtency, this-tamenesg'xontinued. But his total prohibition of trade, by
ilitv towards K.;anre to h arro.intM top ? which hUndrcttS bf thoUSanUS of OW tllUCll UW-
uu.,' . . .. ... . . ... . f
In rpy-second aaurts I alluded to ther general ed a liveiinoxjo, oemg long wnunneiH,.
; r '1'hatTi.t -Mr.'. Jefftrson .itfd his fdtow la-'norarv emnafgb, would not have-answered the
bourers rose to power by inUaming tne love ot the j purpose 01 jjauaparw, .hi . ,v.w
oeonle to, France and-their hatred .to England, ! destroy tlje commerce and power of tireit Britain)
. . .... ... ...
(iiey have also thought, it Kecessary io Keep anve
r . a o - i,'
But these jcntlemen have since taken jCjtre to re
peal every such tax ; and novo dare not firofioae (tnjf
tax which the fieoile may knotty and 'feet Inste ad r
of whichj they have contemplated a Vast adaitloli $
to the duties aTready IaiffWimrte:rg
at the hazard of encouraging smuggling, , which ...
would occasion losses probably beyond such legit
lative , additions. Possibly the fear of thismay
... . . m . ' -. 1 . .ii If '
nitnerto nave preytntta tnej precieo Hicraw
the duties- Instead of which, or of any other ,
sort of taxation, thev have had recourse, tn time c
of-' peace! to the borrowing-, cji several millions 'T
dollars, for the ordinary expenditures ofths go
vernment. 1 . if ' '" - v.;. 't
We now see the reason whjr the governmens
is determined " not to protect commerce by, force, v
nor M risk a war until our resources are sufficient
to defray the expenses without creating" burthen 1
to make thenl unpopular. ' But cyr ordinary
these passions, as the surest means tor the
continuance of their power, ."i hey represented
the impartial system of -Washington's administra
tion as a " system of ingratitude and injustice to
wards France, liT.ni which they would alienate the
produced such general distress as to be no longer
tolerable. The embargo laws- were broken, the
practice of smuggling introduced, and the morals
of the people corrupted. Indeed if Washington
could rise, from the dead, and devote fqrty-five
.to tn the service of his country, and adminis-
words ih.his letter to xlaiti. Ana as tne cry
of ingratitude to France and of British influence
was so well adapted to promote bis ambitious
people of the United States, to bring them un-j ter the government with his unsullied purity and
der Bviush ir fluence." These are Mr. Jefferson's patriotisms-he could not repair the waste of virtue,
and banish tile corruption 01 morais, hiuuuuveu m
Mr. Jefferson's tert years administration.'
But m return. W hen Mr. Jefferson paved the
Views, its origin may well be ascribed to him. Jtway for hisstendjng to tne riefainency, oy a
corresponds wirbrthe slanders against Washing- rious arts, among others by encouraging or coun
ton and Adams for which he afterwards piavjris . financing tbe popular discontents respecting tax-friend-andcdrrespondei-the--infambusameajeaai!!!
Tmnum ivnnripn. ut?th - .ii Kii fnifil ihe exncctaiicri irchtrally and industriously
oariizsns keep up the cry to this day. c-- Texcited to inciease his populai ity....ot a repeal ot,
Having thus led the body of the people into the internal taxes, which he accordingly reconv
fatal errors resDectint; the two creat nations at ' mended " and effected. - Fcrtunately for him, he
" . .. ; . . . w "V f .. . . .. , ' ' . '. .! I . U. IT
war. and the character and views of the citizens entered on tne,jrrcsK.ency at a wui
w'hopelore admmisierea tne government, they
dare pot undeceive them, They cannot now tell
the people the truth without justifying the senti
rrients and policy of their political opponentsthe
folloyrs of Washington, and thus hazarding" the
loss of their ofhees aad power ; and their mea-
1
ttvolution counselled, struggiea, Pica ana aiea :-- sure, 101 iv iuui t-' i
iThy contended for "their " birth rights" the ! evidence that they would rather sacrifice the
. rUf f ttftkm;n.:? in which "we and our iriehts, interests and. honour, ot; our country, and
lathers alwats olaced our gbry :t the .right by
jlidrrtpresentauVes to participate in making
r Uiti'r'lew4 af4 of glvirkg and granting their own
money for thef! public service ; the right of trial
This fetter to Mazzei was probably written in
794 scon after Mr. Jefferson quitted the depart.
.;"enf. -of Stitel to avoid figqrlng in scenes
TVhrch he could not"' controul, and turn to the ser-
Vice of France and his own - elevations Wards the
lA v i 'a 1. !. . . Ai si an4t ttJn" ali
crcsiaency, so twcu as irr mw'Mfc -1;-turnt
of M.aicello.4 ;x'
TThe first Congress which was assembled a
KewYork in 179'5, unanimously resolvf d, ' That
-ui; ancestors who first settled these Colonies,
JrerV at theAime of h emigraGori, frbro ; the
mothe r tountrv; entitled to alt the rights of free
"u natural oorn suDjeci wjvuiu, v .j
put in ieopardy its liberty and independence
; Another means employed to unaermtne tne iea
era administration was', the, raising a clamour, a
gainst the taxes which were indispensable. fef. the
support of the public faith in regard to the debts
incurred by; the tevolufionaryl1 war..fortarrying
on, during several years, an expensive war against
the Indians, for. the defence and protection of the
fr6ntiers..and for providing the .means of pro
tecting, our commerce and bur country against the 1
aggressions ana hostile views, ot trance.
. Although no government anexist without re
vebueand no revenue be attainable without taxes
v ' . . . 1 - . ' . . ,,.
n 1 .' ; : , f .-. ;. ',;'! :': " .
hVcuhli fbrfeite, surrendered "of. lost any of those
riirht.; .'Thw alao fesolvtd. " That 'theoun-
dation QiAngUsli' Liberty and of att jree Qove'rn.
ment, is, a ngnt in tnp reopie to paruupatc iu
States were ih the enjoymenticf peace, and whcD
they were (as.be himself said) in the full tide
of successful, experirhent, under the government
.x K'.r h had so fa?, keibt us free ' and firm 'and
when our XlAKricuUure, "Mahufaclures, .Com
mkrce andl NaviGATON, the four-pillars of , our
ptosperity't were in the "most flourishing iconau
tion ; and, when our revenues rapidlr increasing,
rendered practicable a diminution pf. the taxes
But wheper such a torn repeal wascorreci
whether sound nolicv. in reference to future con
tingencies of war or essentiat reductibns of com
merce, did require some'discriminaTiony and, re
serve, Mr. -Jefferson, tint not. consider or u ne
did every thing was made to yield i6 his persona)
Views at the. moment. ;
sources never wiil be sufficient to defray, thc.ex
pemces of war: the government kn6vrit t. sp4 VJ
the conclusion is unavoidable That notwithstand .
ing all. their : blustering (and there has - been e f ,.
nougn 01 tnis JO-.maKe, us noicuioua iu .uur ju.tix
eyes as well as in the eyes of foreign nations) obrJ
pov'efFment are determined 'toisqbmit.as'they, !
have submitted, to every sort of insub; and, injury, f;
rather than go to war i for war will require tnoe f
taxeis. and taxes may . render, them unpopular.
The -hnri mthei tn flolter the neonle. Jo their - 'I
ruin, than tell them the, truths necessary for tlieir '
safety, because the latter may" - prove Ainpleasant
and perhaps occasion some upbraiduigs of thejx,
deceivers. r-"; 7 ;; - .ii'.v,:y- ;pfetvi
Thus a course of thinking and or" opinions bav,1 -ing
been industriously .effected by Mr. Jefferson
and his fellovJabourers, as, the tneans of rising;
to. the' supreme pdwerj and these opinions ia I
opposition to the system of administering the go. A
vernment which under jawwowasjuageiir
essentia to tne puoiicsaietjr aqq wciuue, iHiviug,
been longs and r zealously inculcate, by thV lea ,
ders of .-that - opposition athey haveibecoriie. the?,?
fixed creed oftthe people. !And no? these samev
leaders dare not attempt to correct those erroneous v
opimensf although they hazard: the safety and h-'
dependence of die countryas they haye already j
cadsedthe sacrifice of Us interests anid honour.',;; . 1,
if TIMOTHY-PICKERINGr.r
Mn IS. 1811. A &&jt:Jl
t, '
In his letter of Oct. 6, 1799,-to Calknder,
Mr. Jefferson says i "I. thank vou for the prool
sheets of the Prospect before Us'; containing
the vile slanders n Washingtoh and Adams you
inclosed to me. Such papers canpot- iai 10 pro
duce the 'best effect. rTheyjnform Ue thinking
part of the nation-; and inese again supponeo oy
the war gatherer as their voucners sf tne peo
V . .,1. . lifl'..-...'. - Vnccm'l tn- Prncrpp.
t Ch'ampagny thie French minister's, letter ta f
ieneral Armstrong October 7, 1807. ;
;.!
-;vbne member of congresXlast winter, declared !,
in the house, that we had rio right tb relinquiBh
vessels, arriving' from Britrsh ports after teSd ;
ot' February, without tne, consent oi,unaii-(e.(l
Why did hot coneress pass anictfor depositing
the proceeds ofafrsuch seizures in the bauk,'9uh--
ject to the order of his imperial mjcsiy l By and
by bis" majesty wiU ( perhaps wke A demand for
the aroQunjLQXalive'ssds s '
it is presumed no court' nor jury lean condemn, v
themi claiming the amount as justly forfeited to -
iiim, he Tnay condescend to make it an off set Tor ,
what ;be has takeh from usr Mr; Madjsoji may;
pretend to consider suchkproposhl'arr misappbea,
tionog misconstruciion :oDheJaw; putjlTwrvukl,
lot be unlike hujt to eonsept to it, and thus strike,
a! Jjalancefbrihe jakeloti
ing his majesty's "love" to the Americans and
ad.'latby such tmlgrauoa Uieyby hb'thtlcgUlatiYa CQunuU. ' , - ,5I7
.. " . .. . " -.- rr- " --f -;- I " ' ' 5 -t" -X - . -. . , T . I . r? ' ' 1
.,.-:,,
J