ST:
Y
Documents accom pany ing the Preli
dent's Meflage to Congr efsl;
and dUtinct understanding with the "British got, to the CQmpeent .authority ; and I earnestly ,,rt-
eminent on the subject ot im press liient, comprv commend that no time may be Ios, incomrnunicat
sing in t the discharge ot men already Impressed,! ing ;o me me uecision oi your government, per
blockades, b the 0 fders in council 1 suaded as 1 leel that it cannot but be of a nature to
1.ETTKRS FRcM MR. SlOKROE TO MR. RUSSEL,
CU4KGK DKS AFFAIKKS .IN G. BRITAIN.
JF.jc tract oj a Utter yfrom Jiir Monroe taMr, Ruaselh
dated , ''"' ... '
o -m n jUMEt 26thf i8j2,
" This letter is committed to Mr. Foster', who
has promised to deliver it to yon in safety.:
,'Onthe 1 llh of this month a declaration of war!
against Great Britain passed congress. I send you,.
u c:y ot tne act, ot tne president s message, and
and on future
are revoked, is aH, that is indispen sable : The or
ders in council being revoked,aid thiTprOpbsed
understanding on the other Doints. that is. on block.
fades and impressment," being fin, A obtained,-in a
maimer, uiuugn wiormui, io annul oi no mistake
or disagreement hereafter, the ijhsirumrniprovid;
ing for the armistice may assume a general form,
especially if more agreeable to tine British govern
ment. It may for example be said nPireneral
- - - .. v
rms, " tl at both powers being sincerely desirous
to terminate the differences which unhappiiysub-
u ' .u u: .-... j. ;8ist between them, and equally so, that full time
uw u. houlJ be given for the adj-ustlTlent lhereof a .
I his measure has been produced by the conM '.,.. - .u.n ...i e.iJ!b '
" n ag??K t!S lt-8b- 57Kerne.nt wf he ! pose to commence on the day of '
rights of the Unned S ates, and the presumption j That th m forlWlth f ; t on h
arising from that ana other facts, which U is unne-i" j. ,m,-e- f ,,
I Wnp rnmn iccmnre wifri full nut t t,iivt ftA
-'-vv lull vnvi fcW IV I 111 a iiww
ty, which shall provide, by reciprocal arrange.
. C .1 . V.I ' '
uicuii, lor me securuy oi ineir seamen Jrom be
cqTsary'to recile,tb,at no favorable change might
b2 expecte4 from it. It was impossible far the U
nited Sta-esto surrender their rights, by relinquish
inn f a I- r rt a m ilnuut K Aattinir. C a I l
inc the eround which they had taken, and it was; A ' . . 4 M,.ocr'
easily ccKntibieivith-ifeir imprests and xha
iticertordv io-wer bfi meaarues which'ha'd taiil 1, wv-,cua,,, 0
to accomplish their oljtcts. War was ths only
lead to a speedy termination of tne present differ
ences; ' r .
The flag of truce which you may charge with
your replyrwill find one of my crjiizers at Sandy
I look, ten days after the landing of this despatch,
which I have directed to call there with a flag of
Tt nce for that purpose. ' i-." "
I have the honor to be, with the highest consider
ration, . " .
Sir! v ' ,, ' .
Yotir most obedient and most faithful
Humble servant,
JOHN BORLASE WARREN, I
Admiral of the Blue and Commander in
ChieJ, &c Wc. Ifc. ,
President desires that tU "
tween our countri. .L .i , .war hich
conrnJn ;"uu4li oe termift.4
m mm m nn r m a. - ili i i i t ri ii .
satisfactorily
and
the" interest rf im:"uuJcclt wneees,aI ";:
a . .
rancen. Ha . .:n-
secured nt9i,,t ,u. . G- Britain .lh,.vT'
t cc.wmcn, - while it deprade. ii.. -.? "l " PcJ
them ot. their rights as frcernen T ' 7priv
force from their f.m-.i... -:!m.en: lakes them-..
-iwa iiiin hai - . f
rht t.,; c : rmrTry
power, perhaps against their own kZl
im Cfitil,
-r
'1
remaining altern
ascertained, you
mitte.l, that it was auopied with decision.
tween them.
MB. MONROE TO SIR J. B. WARS FN.
IJepirtment of Slate, Octo
- ' ierir, 1812.
Sir T have had the honor to receive your letter
of the 30th ulu and to submit it to ths considera
tion of the president, , 1 ' 1 j
It appears that you ,are authorized to propose a
cessation of hostiiiiies between the U. States and
QtltfA tAiHA lUn Cnt 1 . M A . I
will findW tltlocuments trans Sltr ,T,n ZyTT V l '' i ?' arUain "lhi eroumJ f the repeal of the or
adopted with decision. I V ' I" S',a11 "ot K"" as h "J other ders in council, and, in case the proposition is ad
As war has been rsorte4:to from necessity, and' w ,C V" P"U ' P.' Ceded to,...to take.measutes, i.r concert vilh this1
; of course With reluttance, ihia Rovernment Iffoks Kf A "7. : 7" f - . . , . ' : . ' govtrnjncntr to
B ... itu i in I? rl I WW! 111 JHAUI at A BI.-. . A .
By this-you will perceive; that the President is j both sides.
terestndasinccredeHireaVitoncondin in
lions, jast, eq.al and honorable to botlrthe parties.! ??nJ'5TP ' mere,y form, 8et:ui ir. tht event, to enter into, an arrangement with the
It is in the power of Greii- B.itain to terrfiinate l "rf?d of the Unued States for ihV repeal of
iht'war qg aach'WitiwtLind it 'would be very !"" Mhc U' btatcs ,n.thf8e two and ! he laws which interdict the ships of war and the
r .. .-m .. . j. genual rirr.umetanr". - it mwcumurl .n ... k.. - ---r .... ....
aatKractoW to the lrKleaf to meet it in arrant JT: , V : . , "ru V"' ,lllu,:ae 01 ,J uuain uom ltlfc naruors and wa
merits to that efcet. ; . ' ,. . , " t -uW,mF,.m.cu -oy iC proposea unuersunamg ; hewers ot the U. States. And you intimate, that if
, vi-v i'- uc uuuc ui a manner ine nvst sa-. Hie nropositKUi is not accec ed to. the nrrL-rs in rmm
:..r...r ' j , .
uMjuoiy anu uonoraoie to u. untain, as ,wcll as.cil (repealed conditionally by that of the 23ihof
to me u. atttes. . I June last) will be revised agamsuhe commerce of
iu.i me iwiiur w ue, c. the U. S atas.
(Signed) JAS. MONROE.
r . y. "'ics ana the r,
foreign sev,ce, to fi?ht the haul
try.
I ahstain fwnn n n ... "!
twsryww, J
council having been"repealed,with
inr.DaH'ine a enrrflsn-inrUnr.
t7..;ti "s mt)n hart ft t.
Tviv
.ii.
ing; obtained on the suhier.t nf
U. .. , .f, -.1,1111)11 ine
mted States. anH n . . 5
instituted n their stead, ad an unJewlC
mode herein nrnnH. n. b.u . .
. - . - - iiiu rkii Km la ..:n
agree to a cessation of hostilities, with a J:
arrange by treaty, in .a- more distinct &!''
wanner, and;, to the satisfaction rF hMV
cvpry other subject of controversy.
I will only add that if .there be a
an IccommnHniinn tU A,R' ." . . J
presimcnt in -.the tngde. proposed. oth.
jsnspension of the.Brmsh clainrto m,,JT
during the rmlr--.' k"s .s
fng, without the, arratice, to an irnmediC!
i
V,i- "'"VV1."1 J rticjj on tuA
1 his great question betng aatiHactortaSE
tbe way will be open either fa an tatniiti.Jta
Although there are- many just and weighty causes
of complaint against Great Britain, ytiU will pej.
ceive, by he ('-osinrtents transmitted, that the or
flers'in ''Council, 'and other blockades, illegal, accof.
ding to the principle lately acknowledged, and the
impressment of our seamen, are considered to be
of the highest importance. jJfhe orders in coun
cil are repealed, and no illegal blockades are sub--Eiiuted
to them, and orders are given to discon
tinue the impressment of seamen from our vessels,
MB. CBAHAM TO ?IR. R US SELL, DATED
Vefiartme' t of S ate, Jus. 9.iA, 1812.
I am insmicted to inform you, that it will be
very satisfactory to the 1'iesidtnt to meet ths Bri
tish g:)verinctil in such arrangeme nts as may ter-
lllinale witlKJIIt flflnv fl, hnc'ililia ulilrli
Mr I he Secretary left tlws citylxut ten days ist between the II. Si'itMnml (Z irin,n: vtv i.i.
- . . - - uiimiuj wis vvii'
u.i m siion vibii io v irinia. omce mat period , dilions honorable; lo both nations.
Mr. liaker has, in consaracuce of some dfSTatch
no reason whf hostilities should not immediately " , government addressed, to Mr. Foster, President gave a sinl-proof of the attachment ol
cease. Securine these obiectsu are authn .ma?.e to -"?! commumcauon respecting the in 'the.UniUd States to peace. Instructions were Ki-
to stipulate an armistice, 10 commence from the "nS 0 , Eovernm,nt as regards the orders, ven at that euly period to the late charge des af
signa-ure of the instrument provi4ing for it, or at ".Ti-'r 7" ? a ,ar?cc hoJevf. S0,fliri:s nf l!ls U bules al LtHul,n t0 P'e to
the e.id of fifty or sixty days, or other the shortest' r Y ,! C0!trit,CIlt,al l,r,? Mf Baker ihe I3riti.ii government an arm-slice on conditions
term that the Bmish irovernrnent will assent to. r nr,tP rel 'm31f at hb.rty in make it in the Which it was presumed would have been sausfac
. . j . ., . ,,rm oi a note verual or pro memona. or even to torv. It hai hen in with re-ert ih:t ih hmns
permit me to tak-i a memorandumot it at the lime sitions made by Mr. Monroe, particularly in regard
,v "'"" 3 i auuiuuses an vxiiwCiauon mat i to the imiwirtant m!frst nl
Uebmtjve arrangements wi" e made on these and
eyeryi other difference by a treaty, to be concluded
' cither here or at London, tho.ich it is m ich dtsir -
iil,;4hal subject should bs entered on in this
"1 . : City.
As an inducement to the British government to
discontinue the practice of impressment from our
vessels, you may give assurance that a law will be
passed (to be reciprocal) to prohibit the employ
ment of British seamen in the public or commer
cial service of United States There can be no doubt
tlm such an arrangement would prove much more
efficacious inraecuring to Great Britain her seamen,
than the practice to which it is proposed to be a
substitute, independent of all the other objections
to it. . J
' Indemnity for injuries received under the orders
in council, and oilier edicts violating our rights,
seems to be. -incident to their repeal ;but the P;e.
sidentis willing 'that theconsiJeration of that claim
should not be pressed at this time, so as to interfere
with the preliminary arrangement alluded to. It
will !e proper to'bring it into view merely to shew
thru it is expected that provision will be made for
it in the treaty which is to foil nv. livery other in
terest, may also be provided for at the same time.
It is hoped that the British government will.find
it consistent with its interest and honor, to terxin
ate the war by an armisticein the manner and on
.iJi24ha.-conditi6fti propose In 90 oingrit willban
don no right.it will SACtifice h interest ; it will
abstain only trora violating our rights, and, in re
turn, it will restore peace" with the power from
whom, in a, friendly commercial intercourse, so
many advantages will be dprivp.-j, hnt tp.m-n'inn
the injuries which cannot fail to result (Tom a pro
secution of the war.''
wai
Ifflitnrtant in!f-r-st nl iTymniesiinMiir.
s )m:thingmore precise and definite, in an official rejected, and that none was offered, through that
ftrm, may soon be received by this e-overt.ment, ; channel, as a basis on which h.istilhie mi'rUtVee
it is the less necessary that I should i;o into an: ys your government Ins authorised you to pro
explanation f the Views of the president in rel tion pose a cessmion of hostilities, and is doubtless a
to it, more particuh.'iv.as the secretary of stale is . ware of the important and salutary effvCt which a
daily expected and wu'l be able to do it in a man-; satisfactory adjustment of this difference cannot fail
1
sir
a-
;.;.;.
ner mdrealisfactory.
I refer you to the enclosed papers for infirma
tion as to the maritime and military movements
incident to the war, and will add, tha: the presi
dent is anxbus to know as soon as possible the rc
suit of the prcposals you were authorised to m ki
to the Bri'iih government tesptcting an armistice.
He considers ihtm so fair an reasonable that he
;lo have on the fu-ure rela'tons between the two
counties, I indulge the hope that ithas, tre thisj
given you fall power for the purpose. Experience
has sufficiently evidenced that no peace can be
durable unless this object is provided for. Ii is
presumed, therefore, thai it is equally the interest
ct both Countries to adjust it at tins time
Without' further discussing oust'ions rf rihf.
cannot but hope that they will be acceded to, and the President is desirous to provide a remedy for
thus be the means of hastening an honorable and the evils complained of on both sides. The claim
I. -Is..
permanent pe;vce,
I iiaye the hon6r to be, &c
(Signed) JOIINT GRAHAM
(To be continued.)
CO R R pi poN DFA'C K ,
BETWEEN SIH J mU DOULASh WAKRKN AND. THE
4:.itH.TAky OK STATIC.
if. ri a r . . rt . n
i.uurax, j. o. ccii. cu. (practice is
of the liri .i.sh government is to take from the mer
chant, vesstls of oilier countries British subjects.
In the practice, the commanders of British ships,
of wcr;fien taken from the mei chant vessels of the
United States American" citizens If the Uuited
States prohibit llse employment of British subjects
in their service, and in force the prohibition by suit
able regula'.bns and penalties, the motive for the
other course leading most conveniently Br.3 tffi
diliously to a general picincatioi. " :,-S
I have the honor, Sc?, ; ;
; " 3WS MONROE.
Congrefs."
HO U6E -OF, REPH ESFTAlTVEi
' Novtjrsiitt 2. T!".T"r.-t'
This being the day fixed by law' for
in- of Congress, at 12 o'clocit the Speuktriolvif
c!i-i.i,aiYdon calling the roll, it applied tiuJ
were 3 1 members present. "
A message was then sent to the Senate, 6 i
form them that the Ifouse had farj'd id-w
and were ready to proceed to busi.si. I,
On motion of Mr. Findley, the cleric w
ted to furnish ths members with the usual nuk
of newspapers. . , ' '
On motion of Mr. Macon, a cotanitse
appointed to inform the senate, thit t!, b,i(
was lormed and ready to poceed businvw.
On motion .of Mr, Diwson a commiike mrl
pointed, joinjtly with such cominiuee as'iHbuidk
appointed by the senate, -to wait on the Prcsi H
of the United States, and inform him Hist'ifc
were formed ami ready to receive any towau
cation he might have to make. " v '
No communication having .,hwn receivei froa
the senate, for the want cf a qorunj,
The house adjourned. '
TLlSDAiVKOVEJIPER S. ;
Mr. Dawson, fiom the joint comniiiut 'i
ed to wait on the President of tie L'ui eJ Su;
reported that they had performed that dutj. 4 .
received lor answer that he should make a ci;:.ni
nication to congress to-morrow ti 12 o'clvCk.
No other business was transacted. ,
AVEDNESDAY, NOVEMBiiB i.
The whole of this daywas occipitd io r?v
the president's message and accorop-iiiH"g'foni-
menu, i hey were ortlered to lie ivltn-td'oi
j committee of the wh'jle on the stale or .a un?
that
taken aav. It is in this rrnrlft
nll ine.flpartUtr Ol Mr. roster has devolv ihr Prpsidrnt ! triHiu'r to arrnmnrl:t!c. ibi imnnr
edMponi me the charge cf making known to' you,1 tant controversy with the British government, and
for Ihe .inf.rmatibn of the govcr.mcn: of the U it cannot be conceived on What promiTthe arrange.
state's, the seniimenls entertained by his royal
highness the prince regent, upon the existing re
lations of the tw.o countries. ' --1 ;
MR. MONROE TO MR RUSSELU
Dcfiartmunt of S ate, July 27, 1812.
Sir I wrote yau ,on the 26:h-of June, by Mr.
Foster, a letter which he pnm'ised.to deliver to
you in person or by a safe hand. Ulay of july, for the
in tnai leiter you were intormec!, that tbe or.
ders in counct and other illegal blockades, and !
ment can be refused. '
A suspension of the practice of impressment,
nendiiie the annistics. seems to be a necessary "con.
You will observe, from Hie enclosed copy of an 'sequence. It cannot be prcsumec, while the
ortltr in CDum.il, bearing date ihe 23l of June, parties are engaged in n negociaViohto astjust ami
1812, .that the orders in council-of the 7th of Junu-!cably this important difference, lhauhe U. States
aiy, 1807, and the 26th cf April, 109, Ceased to ; would admit the right or acquiesce in the practice
exist nearly at the same time that the government of the opposite party ; or that (ireat Britain would
ol the U. States, declared war against his majesty. be unwilling to. restrain her cruisers from a prac
immecuaiciy on tne receipt ot ih:3 decUration tice which would have the strongest tendency to
in London, .the order in 'council, of which a" copy :i
is heie With enclosed to "you, was issued on the 3 1st 1
. ' ' NOVESIDER 5. j
On motion ol Mr. Mitchi'il, the usl aawl:r.j
committees (ways and ineans7&c.,) wtie er&rtj.i
be appointed.
Mr. Dawson, after some introdircloryrerwilj
submiitcd ihe IbllowingTesoIuiioii : :
Resolved by the Senate and Ho;ise cf Kl-!"-
tatives of the United States of America, i: Cm
gress assembled, that tUe president cf.itc tiniM
States be and hereby is leauested to. rrt-senb a.
: i . .. ?j
Ir.mr. Ih;l' 3 tin
the name ct Congres, to capt
medtd, with suitable emblems
that the sum of
defeat the negociaiijn. It h presumable that both
parlies would enter into ihe ne.froctation with a
embargo and detention of all sincere desire 'to p-ivi; it H"-ct.' For this numnsfi
American ifthJ-l.'S. . .it la n.rgru ll- n r nil Iic-! :rt i ,i lurcl .
-e impressment our se-mvn by Great Britain, propose t5 j our g ,rf,ment ihe immediate cesia-; modation which each is prepared tb make. , If the
as you well knew befpier were the principal cau ,iion of hustiliiies bJtwetn
,aes of the war, and thdtif they were removed, vmt I shall te' mnsMuvoy- t
, f rultut?. " anilities, leaving xnem ana an onngtnjr a )out a.recotKili
benehci.il to America and (;reat Britain,
i
k
:4-
fither erounds of difference fiix final and mnr nrc
. . v . -.- 1 ,- -. j
f-f3iijuauji5iik mjai $iy4t
. me u.n.au jjuTcuiiiicui i uisconurme ine pracuce 01 the United S.a ei of America shall instantly re
iwii ;3iu.iii iiuui uur vcbsci!), oy wocn aione
our, seamen can be made secure, you were, autho
v rised to stipulate a .prohibition bv law, to b'eTeci
procal,,of the employment of British seamen in
pthe public-or-commerci.l ivic--4f iht'-Uivitd
.' States. -As.sich an arrantremen:. which' rnirrht
be made completely elf ctual and satisf iclory by
suitable 'regulations and penalties, would operate
abV)st exclusively in 'fivo' of Great B itain, for
as few of our Xiamen eveVjentjyblaiitarlly into
ths Britisli service, the reciprocity would be no
tninal irs advantage to G Britain would be more
.'than an eq iivalen for any slid derives frm im
her to
motive
for it. Astipultion to prohibit bv law the em-
, pi, iy ment q( -British seaman in the service of the
,U- States, is to be understood in the sense and
spirit of our constitution, five passage of auch a
law1 must depend of'tourseon Coneress, Who, it
might reasonably be presumed, might give effecr
1
J prciismenij which alorie ought to induce
, abandon -the practice, if she had no other r
f to It.
i5' ,
rBv authorising yoatdaecuretheseoRjcctsshe
grounds of an armistice, it was not intended to re
strict you to any precise-form in which it should
be done. It is not particularly necessary that the
several points should be specially provided for in
the convention stipulating the armistice. -A clear
ibetwen l.he two countries, and ; Briiish govei-.imeni is willing u suspewd the' prac
happy to be ths' instrument -of jtiee- of impressment from American vessels, on
.recotKiliation, so"interesiing'md consideration that the United States . will exclude
cal iheir letters of mirque and reprisal against
British ships, together with all orders and instruc
tions for any acts of hostility whatever against the
territories of his majesty or the persons'or'proper
tyofhisifuijji mediately bn my receiving from you an official as
sunnce to that effect, I shall .instruct all the ofli.
cer3 under my command to drsisi fmm
corres
ponding measures of war, against the shipa and
property of the U. Stales, end, that I shall transmit
without delay corresponding intelligence to these-
British seamen . from their service, ihe reguhuions
by-whwih t hwomwomjhold4ai'!iwa'
t licet would be solely the object ol negoculion.
The armistice would be of short dura'.ion,' If the
parties agreed, peace Would.be the result. If the
negociation failed, each would be restored to its
Jferj3ejSlai-a-,toU4u
ring t war.
Lord Castlereagh, in his note to Mr. Russell,
seems to have supposed, fliat, had the British go
vernment accepted ihe proposition made to it, v.
Britain would have suspended immemately the ex
ercise of a right, on the mere assurance ot this go
vernment -that a wonlil he afterwards nasssd to
veral parts of the world where hostilities may have ; prohibit the employmint of Briiish seamen in the
commenced The-British commanders in which service of the United States, and that G.' Britain
will e required to discontinue hostilities from the
receipt o such notice. .. '
t Should the American government accede to the
above proposals for terminating hostilities, I am
authorised to arrange witli you as to the revocation
of the laws which interdict the commerce and ships
of war of Great Britain fiom the ..harbors and wa
fers of the U. States ; in default of which revocal
ion, within such; reasonable periods- as may be a
Kreed upon, you will observe by the,order-of4he the kind a
j i june, me orders in council oF January, 1 87,
and ApriIM 1809,'are to be revived. V
1 he officer who conveys this letter to the" Ante
tican coast, has received ray orders to put to sea
immeciaieiy upon the delivering of this despatch
would have no agency ii the regulation to give
e ffect to that pfopdsilion. . Such an idea was not
in the contempla ion of this government, nor is to
be reasonably ( inferred from .Mr,;' Russell's rioter
lest, however, by possibility such an inference
might be drawn front the instructions to Mr. R. and
anxious that there should be no misojiderstindiug
in the case, subsequent instructions yeye giyeho
Mr. K. w;ith a view to obviate everp objection of
of July, and
Althea, it is moire than probable, that they may
havp her rriiift anrl arfnrl nn
am hapnv tb exnlain to vou thus fullv the views
of my governmenfori this important subject.' The
and device : r.J)
thousand 'dollars h ajujb
same is heitby appropriated to be cistiihuie i
prize money amongst the officers end crew ! d-U.-S
ft igate CoNSTtTUTioN of H Runs st'., ,--'
'ing "to the provisions of the "act for ths Letter g
emment of the navy ol the United Sl-ter, in t'i'
li-mony of the high sense entertained '.by cniii!:!
of the gallantrgood conduct and services cCcapM
Hull, Ihe o!ricers.and crew of said fiigate Cop
iution, in attacking, vanquishing and capttjTi i fii''
British ftigute Guerrie.tc, mounting: 5.
guns; therefby exhibiting an example hi?idy
norable to the American character and ina'auw
to the rising navy.
. Vtf !.KlH m.itil M-ivns'tthl t-fl
be presented to each officer and siaman coitf :
composing thc-Gonsittution s crewc
Mr. Wright thAyhTlprjdM
ther'resolution to a select committee. v
I . u r1.i(inn If fill
mi-, vyiicvcs iiiuTcu mat mc resuiuuvn ..-
1.,.
table until the plisrflenr
posed of in the usual way,'(by referring &n?f-
parts of -it to select committees.) wThi8 mqi
On motion of Mr. WidgVry, 2000 copl l",
president's message and document acconipu1' '
it were ordered to be printed, yeas 44 naysj'
On motion of Mm Goodwyn, a resolution
adopted for the appoirttlnt of two chpla:
usual.-'-- (The- Senate have atiopted a similar IK
lution.);. . J.l..r:. ... o .i,
A message was received from the oS9T(!.ll
tying that they had appointed a ymt cosir
to superintend the Concessional Library.- ,
On motion of Mr. Johnn, the House ..then..
journed, (12 o'clock.) ' '"'
ith a view to obviate everp objection of rT - Fain Ay. Novemoer o. . ti,.
lluded to. As they bear late on the 2?th Two messages in writing were rev(l,ei
id were forwarded byHhe British packet President of the United States, by Mr, , -.
is more than probable, that they may secretary. ;i - - . ,4,,rnl:
-The first message read related tc .tne
rttinn . naaaed at mc ii '
President did not think proper to
sitr", h
lii.cii 1