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JS'HUMl DOLLARS PEA- TSAR,
R ALEIGH, N. C.
PUBLISHED (wbeWlt) BY LUCAS AND AiH. QOYI.AN; ',
XA LP WHICH ADVA NCE
Vol. 18.
FRIDAY, AUGUST 13, .1813.
No. 906;
1PM
Congress. ' ,
Mr. CULPEt H SPEECH
ON THB TAX BILLS,
'Ijtlivered in the Iftme of Jicfiretentativea
U S, July, 1813. , f ,
othe
Sir As he vote is to. bt recorded which I
fcive upon this and sundry other bills con
tiectei with it, as component parts of.one great
system of internal taxi a system deeply affecting
the best interests of my country, rise to ex
plain to this house, some of the reasons" which
giverajne in the course I expect to pursue I
)um anxious to steihis session closed, 2nd should
xut trouble tie houlS- with any remarks at pres
int, were it nut forcertin attempts which" have
been made to forestall my proceeding upon this
subjecU I allude to several publications in the
newspapers, stating that I had pledged myself to
tny constituents to support the war, to vote for
taxes. Sir, my constituents required no such
pledge four-fifths of them believe with me, that
natvi hstanuing the incroachments of England
and idnce, w were i he most happy, free and
prosperous nation oh th globe ; that we owed to
the pacific policy of our government, that hap
piness which astonished, the world; that a per
srveraoce in this pacific course would have pre
Served to us a great portion of that happiness aud
. prospeuJyw'b.ich war and it dire effects ha? e
deprived uj of ; and therefore, war is at all times,
a'tu especially in this agitated state of the World,
to be deprecaVtdTrthe greatest of evils,
. - Sir, I am not pledged by my protrtise"to 'sup
ort or oppose any party in this house or country
or to vote, for or against any measure now before
the h Ti'se,' ot which may come before it. But I
am pledged to meet every subject fairly, to weigh
them impartially, and vote on every question
which comes before me, in -the way that I deem
most likely to promote the welfare tf my countty,
-rrd preserve to - me an approving conscience.
And this promise lam determined toperfornj
while I am honored with, a seat in this house, and
-blessed with the exercise of my feeble powers.
With this determination, I do, as every man,
solicitous to preserve happiness to himself, his
country, and hi$ posterity shou'd do. 1 ask,
what are -we called On to make this great sacrifice
for, for what reasons are we now required to
part fro'n the good old republican doctrine ol '97,
-8 and 9, and by our vote sanction this practice,
this system which at that time was declared to
be subversive of our liberties and our republican
cor.stitu ioo, by the very men who now call on us
to support this system J lo this we are told,
' that war makes taxes necessary ; tha we mus".
have money to support the war, and maintain
public credirr A nd MT7norableentlemai from
Kentucky, t-ld us the other day, that every man,
vim, either, directly or indirectly, voted for war,
ajid doe not now vote for taxes to . support the
Var, must be damned by his own conscience, that
- his constituents will certainly damn him, and it'
tnercy does not prevent it, his Maker will more
thitfi damn him.
lie it so, sir, aince gentlemen will have it
nob s of these things move me I have neither
direcUy nor indirectly voted for war. I m there
fore at libetty to askr&nd I avail myself of ihe
privilege of asking, what good has the war in
which wc are engaged, d?ne us ? what advantage
have we obtained by it? what are the objects of
the war I and are we likely to obtain our objects
ly voting for taxes ? For although I admit thai
we must pay a price ' for the benefit of living
in society; that we must relinquish a share of our
'llatural -liberty, - and part with some of our proper
ty to secure the remainder ;;yet 1 contend that
-when individuals enter into society, -it is for the
mutual benefit of each other, and of the com
munity.. That when a nation intrusts to a number
qf persons the right of levying war and imposing
taxes, it is to enable them the better to repil fo
reign invasion, and maintain domestic tranquility.
And therefore legislators should exercise that im
portant trust with prudence, and, not hastily irf
volve thenation in war ; ahd'by at:ning at a
temporary good, or the accomplishment of some
i'ivmite obiect, strike at the fundamental prin
ciples on which the happiness and liberty of the
nation rest ; and make a breach at which tyranny
oppression, poverty and ruin, may one day enter.
The question recurs; what good has the war
done ? To thte qgesiioh,' I iresume every gen.
tleman in the house will answer we have derived
no benefit from the war. Neither oujjiappiriess,
iihrt:v. nnr r.roner v. nor out honor is en-
creased or better- secured
imposts " From what has been stated,' it ap. Paris openly express their dislike of Bonaparte,
pears, that however great the sensibility, to other) The treaty between Sweden and Russia is
wrongs, the impressment of our seamen was that published. The latter engages to assist in ac
alone which prevented an armistice, and in all! quirinfc for the former, the territory of Norway :
probability an ecommodation. From this report
it appears that one of the two caus9 of war, the.
orders in council, was removed almost on the
same day in which the United States resorted to
war, and before the British government could
possibly hear of our declaration of war. If then
sir, this remaining complaint is that alone which
prevented ah accommodation, it is of the utmost
importance (0 utideistand its precise nature and
extent, and how far it is to be considered an ob
stacle in future' to accommodations. ' And exi
amine our prospects of success ; for although the
object may be desirable, it is bad policy to con.
tend lor it, and spill ovu blood, and spend our
money without a prospect of buccess. ' What
then, i the precise extent of this remaining cau?.e
of war ? I have examined the President's mes
sage to Congress at the commencement of this
session, and 1 find it contains what follows :
With respect to the important question of im
prtbsment, on which the war so essentially turns,
a search for, o. jizare of British persona or
property on board neutral vesstls on the high
seas, i not a belligerent right derived from the.
laws of nations; and it is obvious that no visit, or
search, or use oH -rce for any purpose on board
the vessels of oneiudepe;ident power on the high
and this proceeding was to take place before the
Swedes were to act' on the continent ; but, as
Bernadotte has crossed the Baltic there must
have been some modification of the original
terms. .' . .... , . v
The British joined Russia in the promise and
guarantee of Norway ; and it is said have also
given Guadeloupe, probably as the price of Swe
den's co-operating on the continent previously
to the Conquest of Norway. Britain has likewise
made pecuniaryadvances to Sweden
. The British subsidy to Sweden is onel million
sterling7payable by instalments 012000001. per
month. ;Guadaloupewas to be surrendered to the
Swedes in August, or 3 monthsfcfter the Swedish
troops should have landed on the continent. The
Swedes grant to the English the right of depot
of merchandize at Gottenburg, CarUham aod
Stralsund, on the payment of 1 per cent, on arri
val and I oh departure.
The Swedes agree to fulfil all the engage
ments of the British in favour of the inhabitants
of Ouadaloute not t permit the importation
ot slaves not to allow cruizers inimical to the
British to put in there and not to alienate Said
island without the consent of England.
ihe Russian squadron from England has sailed
seas, can in war or peace be sanctioned by thnion a cruise off the Texel,
laws or authority of another M Npw sir, if. I m- L it is reported that.Murtt, kirrg of Naples, has
dei stand this passage in the messige, free ships J attempted arrangements to render himself an
shall make free goods, or -in-other words, thcfi.ig I kingdom independent of Bonaparte. It appears
shall cover and protect the property. It this is 'thai the Biiiish General at Sicily and Murat have
our demand, we may fight eternally t r I have (opened an intercourse, and some trade is estab-i
no idea that the maritime powers of Europe, espc hstiifd rtweec.the placts they respectively con-
ciauy tne utiusn, wm cvei conceae uiu point. : iroui. inesuauen return oi-me crenen vice
But it it is only proposed to protect none but Hoy t) Italy, is supposed to regard Murat's de
American seamen, 1 am not prepared to say th, taction. .
war is unjust, for I have Relieved for several lnapartk lus appointed Massena Governor
years, we have had great ciust to complain of ; ot loulon, aud General of the Eighth Mih.ary
the conduct of both the British an I French gov. Division.-' 1 r -
ernments, and if war was desirable, wc could have : Theuew3 from Spain in the English papers is
found a pretext for war with Both Englinu and ; "'-t so laie as has been received by the way of
r ranee ; and when such regulations are made as . t-Hbon and Newport, although it relates more
shall confine the navigation ol our ships of war,' particular!) .the military occurrences,
and merchant vessels to American seamen, and j On ttie 1 lih of June, after a very short confe
foreigners are excluded, if the British or any J fence with the contractors, the British ministers
other nation, will continue to enter by force and! obtained a loan ofoue hundrtd rillioiia of dollar
lake our seamen from on boatd of our vessels, 1 1 which makes two hundred mUdona obtained in this
shall consider it the dutv of everv man in the (way and by Excheo-ier Bills, for the service ol
.-- , I - :
country to resist this practice ; and if necessary,
to fight as long as we have men and money and
a reasonable prospect of success ; but I do not
the year.
The contractors for the new loan in England
'are Messrs. Barnes, Steers, and Ricardo ; Messrs.
consider it a crime for a nation, or au individual j Baring, Angei stein and Ward ; Messrs. Barwib,
to reclaim its own; and I am unwilling to , Ellis U. Co. and Messrs. Trower and Batiye. The
jeopardizs our republican institutions and spill our jieTmsrtveip-lOOli-redueetK Arttf-per cents, 6ul3
bloodnd striirrjur credit to pi otect, forajgnei s :Pr tenu consols ana t5so, long annuvues, lor
The important question is, are we likely to at ieach tool, subscribed. . Ihe whole to he paid lh
tain our object I - To solve'lhii question, let us
examine the progress and enects ot the war. It
has been declared more than one year and has
encreased ojur annual expenses from 10,000,000
nine monthly payments. The interest we believe
will be about $ percent.
Mr. Grattan has giren notice, in the British
Parliament, that he 'shall make another effort
to nearly 40,000,000. In 1806 our expences 'n favour of the Roman Catholics at the unxl ses
were 10,000,000 lo 1813, the secretary of the
treasury jreports, that g 29,230,000 re necessary
to carry on the war and support the government
the last 9 months ot the present year. It ha also
diminished our revenue from near eighteen mill
ions to little mor than five millions In 1803 the
receipts into the tieasury amounted to eleven mill
ions of dollars In 1804 to eleven and a half mill
ionsIn 1805 to thirteen millions- In 1806 to
fifteen million. In 1807 to near sixteen millions j
arid in 1808 lo near eighteen millions, and1 rat
pidly increasing. Fiom that period, our restric
live xystem, which eventuated in war, has affect,
ed bur-revenue, which has been gradually de
creasing, and the secretary estimates the probable
Ihe British Parliament have voted 25,0001. for
thereliel of the uffcrersatr-St. Vincent by the
volcano. '
The snivalof many licensed vessels at English
ports from France is mentioned.
Madame Moreau was in England.
John Wiltshire and Charles Couolly, are on tri
al in London, as Englishmen caught n fighting
gauist their country, lhey had belonged to
the True blooded Yankee, out of France, and
were taken in a re-captured vessel. The mother
of the former it is said lives at Plymouth, Eng
land.
The Severn and Forth, 44 gun frigates, 1 of
amount of revenue from the ordinary sources, in- 1256 tons, are to carry 24 pounders on nheir
eluding double duties, which have been lecently j tower aec. iney were launcneu in cngiaua
laid on goods imported at 5,800,000 dollars for ;Jue ! , ' ' - : -
the present year, and this small sum is uncertain, j 1 6.000 pounds have been subscribed in Eng. by
If then, sir, the wa has been carried on for more ! individuals for the. relief of the Germans. -than
12 months, and has increased our expenses! The libiary of John Home Tooke, Esq. has
near thirty millions of dollars, and decreased our oeen aoia in ingiana wr nn.
revenue twelve muuons, anu we nave uui u
vanced one step towards the attainment of our
object, and I trust gentlemenwill admit we have
not, 1 asK, nave we any reason to expect, mat oy
voting for taxes we shall attain jt : I have no
expectation, nor do I desire to dri ve the majority
from the stand they have made ; from the strong
ground they have taken ; but really, sir, this pre
mature, this ill advised this miserably conducted
War, so much resembles the seven ill favored arid
leari fleshed kine in Pharaoh's Dream, which did
What then, are he!eat up the seven well-favored and fat kine, that I
objects of ihivwar i. To obtain information upon , cannot vote to tax my constituents, my country,
this 'subject 1 have examined the report of the i to support a war for the protection of seamen, un-
"comniiitee-of foreign
relations to the 2d session 'til I have better reason to believe such will be the
oj "jjisl 12th CoiigFes-T, in which report 1 hnu these
words : Thai the ; orders in couocil should be
repealed, and that ot r fl ag' should protect our
seamen, were the only indispeusible conditions
: tsisted t?n ; that it happened, ..that-almost oh the
eame day on which the United Stsli&r hav
ing beeh worriml withiccumulateo wrongs, had
r,esoried to the last and only, remaining honorable
alternatives, in support of their rights, the British
' rovernmcnt ha3 repealed condition ally, its -orders
in council. That mwtsure was unexpected J but
-Amoved a trreat obstacle , to accommoaauon.
- The bth remainedthe-practice of imptess
ment". Yo r committee consider it the-iuty of
this houst:u 4.o explain t its' constituents the- re-
raaining cattift (Oicontroversyrthe-precise-nature
lesult of the present contest.'
foreign,
, Boston, July 30.
THE FOREIGN NEWS.
Swceour last paper London dates to June 17,
have been received. ; .- ,
; They furnish theomUl accounts of the allies
of the "-great battles which preceded the arjnis.
lice. 1 -.': v-. .
condiiianal as it was. it was admitted, as ! havingJjA messenger had been sent from the Continent
to England to in i?f hereto send .commissioners
to the Congress lor Peace. , - r .
Dr. May,,who Bmvedin England f'om Paris,
States that private accounts from the Fiench
Afihy represented their lobs m the battle at Lut-
VWs& Vd' ll55h. Wiijati(?n which, ji gen at 23,000 pvett, ; :,J3rf.ftl..ai;th people ot
We have been favored with a London' Price
Current of June 8. The market was very dull.
Cotton, Tobacco, On, Spices, Tea, Coffee and
Sugar, had fallen in prices- .
The fleet which lately arrived in England from
China brought 267,454 chests of tea, 232,398 of
which were congou and twankay.
The China tiect, consisting ot 17 vessels, ar. in
Engla.td June 2, under convoy of the Theseus and
Cornelia. . . ;
; FROM ENGLISH PAPERS.
British Otficial Accouni.
. -SECOND DESPATCH.
, Head Quarters, JVufgen1'l
-J iMuyLO, 1813.'. : J
Mr Lohdj :. . ' . " '
The enemy detached on the evenings of the
17th and 18 th, in the direction of Luekau, and
Dubben, on oar ; riglt ; the force was stated
to be Reenier's corps. - " -
Intelligence being received that General Lau-
riston, with nine thousand menfs would march to
reinforce the troops above mentioned," on the
19th, Gen. Tiarclayde Tolly anil General DTforck,
with a strong, corps, were lent to intercept and
fall upon General Lauriston- " "' '-' '
General Barclay deTolly fell in with the ene;
my in the neighborhood of Konigswerde, and a
sharp contest ensued, rwhictrwas put an tndto
only by night tall, and in. which-tbe allies were
coinpltely sticcesiful. They drove back, tfce ea
emy at all points, took upwards of fifteen hu'Or 1
prisoners a general of division and i-tev.n
pieces of ennnon. The enemy's los iri . kMU-d
and wounded was considerable. The cavalry
were jri pursuit When the . accounts catne awijy
The loss on' our sjde has. not yet bten ascertai ....
ed, nor am I in possession of the details of t h is
affair.' ; ' " , ;V. -'..; ?; I
General D'Yorck was engaged moreon the right
and encountered a' strong force j 'the support' of.
Lauriston's corp. up posed to be Marshal Ney 's.
He was engaged till eleven o'clock at night, V.
gainst very superior numbers, with siietesarBrHri"
the allied corps returned into this position th
morning. . - . v ..r.. "
SisTo'cloclu-I am enabled, being just retu rn ed
from Gen. Milaradovitch's advanced guard, tc
report to yout,Lcrdship, that a very severe, atiat !
has been made to day by the enemy, to posset
themselves of the town of " Bautz :n. They at- :
tempted a false attack on our 'left," but'ibe iefll.,
one was on Gen. Milaradovitch's right.Cf n
Kleisi's corps was moved up to his support, and
the attack was Sustained . byQens.y lilaradovi-tc
and Kleist, with the utmost .gallantry ; 1 v'v
nessed two very gallant charges of Russian Lifrh
Cavalry, as well as extreme good con
thrcnighouYby the troops engaged. Gen. '. .Vit.
Uradovitchniill be drawn to-night into the posi
tion. " , . y .. ' " "
It would seem from what lias occurred this
day, that the enemy intended a great, effort he.ei
I have the honor to be, &c.
(Signed) CHARLES STEWART,
;? Lieutenant General.
Yhcount Catlcrea$h i
- tit ad Quart erat Collberg. Silesiai
Mr Lord. -: -.
1 Hastily detail to your Lordship. in .my IjrfV
despatch the military rr.ovements on the 20ib
and the attack on Bautzen by the enemy
The attention of the enemy, in his attack on
the right and left of Bautzen on the 20thr was to
lorce me opree river, and to pass to some
heights on our right, thus threatening jent n
Malaradovitch's retir, and gainingf advantageoi.3
ground, from Which his artillery 'could sweep
our mam position, and, under cover of whos -fire,
he might with greater facility make his diu
position tor me gentral attack on the following
morning. .
1 he action was bravely contested ; a Ru;r'
battalion and some Prussian Lncers. onder ro
ver of a battery, boldly advanced and conteMi-rl
alone the heights, in spite of the enemy's powu4
fid efforts, until they were supported by Get?
K.Uista corn. ,
in the mean time, on the extreme-ritrht. thV
enemy's corps followed Generals Barclay de ToV
7 auu u imu hi ineir reirogaac movemtiK
from their expedition against GeneraTXaurW
General D'Yorck's corps entered Hie DraitUf,
in ihe venirfg, buu the whole of Barclay de Toi
ly's did not effect it till the following mort---'
Gen. Milaradovitch repulsed: the jeDeated f
forts of the enemy that were vigorously fmade to
iorce mm on me leu, and the columns of the
enemy, tiiat had attempted to pass into the rnouiV
w,uoi i" " v"cck. cmaing, novvever, laie
in the evenings that Gen. Kleist had: fallen beet
into the main poaition, Gen. Milaradovitch with-
arew entirely irom the Spree river and the town
of Bautzen, and in the night occupied the grouifti
marked out for him in general line. "
-The severe affairs of this day reflect the higH
est honor on Genends Milaradovitch and Y&3tfk
and the brave troops under their command.
-- I have the honor to be kc. . -CHAHLES
STEWART, Lieut. G'dth
Viscount Caatlereaghc tc. '
- ' - CotLBEAC, fay 24, 1813. v
Mylord The allied army untfer Ihe oiw
of Count Wittgenstein, in position, in advance
of Wurschen and Hochkirch, was attacked L
the enemy at day.break,; commanded by Bon a'
parte in person, on the morhlog of the 2 1st ins!
Tt appears he had assembled air his forces fop
this effort, and had not detached largely, aa had
been supposed, to other, quarters.'
The ground selected by the Allies to rcsft '
ihe enemy's approach orithef great roads to Sil '
lesiaand the Order, was bounded on the left by a
range of mountains which 'separates Lusatia from
Bohemia, through which Marshal Din niarchei
to the battle and victory of Hochkirch. v -
J Some strong commanding heights, on which
batteries had been constructed ntar the illae
of Jackpwitz, (and separated from the chain o t
mountains by streams and, marshy ground) for rr,
ed the appui to the left flunk of the position.--Beyond,
and in front of itnmany batteries! wr e -pushed
forward defended by infantry and cavaliy -on
a ridge that projected into the low ground "'
near the Spree rivtr. It theo extended i0 the
right, through villagts which v. ere kt rcngly tr .
trenched, across the great. reads-leading Jrwu
Bautztn to Hochkirch and Got U z j fronT i hence
in front of the village of "B,nirthew to three
or lour very TOmmandir heft "''rise r
ruptly in a conical shape, i ' fei)
ures these, with the higi.- hZt Krtcir
witz, wtre-strengthened by t batteries, and wet e
consdered the right point of Ihe line
1 he grovmdin the centre was favoraMe Ibrcn;
valry, except in. some marshy and unettn parts,
where it would impadtf its operations;..' Flcchsi-
were "constructed, and emrtnchmeif s thrown vr
al advautageotrs di5lan,ccs evi lpf plm, lonj
1
" " . J.'