Vol 18.
FRIDAY NOVEMBKI i8i3.
RALEIGH, (N. C.) ,
FRlMTfiD, WEEKI.T, DT ALEX. LUCAS.
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Political.
TRANSLATED ROM jf 7RECH FAN?.
The British, who have triumphed in so many
naval combats previously to the pref ailing -mcriean
war, had long relinquished the prjae
tice of rejoicing fr victories obtained ever
a single frigate. If an ehievemant of that
sort took iuaee aeainsl any of the Euronean
powers, thedef ail of the-action was merely
inserted inthe London Gasette, the pwerj f
the metresHr echoed thfc narrative, paid a
passing comolimeat to the officer, and the af-
jajr wrui on ueiug nrcorucu, jpiv uterinum) in
their Naval Chronicle, as a thing of-course.
Votes of honor from the corporation of London,
a sword of a hundred guineas value, and par
liamentary encomiums, were reserved for: the
hero who should destroy a fleet. 1 he battle
of the Nile, that of Trafalgar, and the like,
were alone enough to excite tie applauses of a
people grown callous lo common teats of re
nown, and who, accustomed to vanquish every
thing on the ocean, believed themselves omni
potent on that element. Tn the Americans the
British have found an enemylhathas obstruct
ed the agreqable train of their maritime ideas.
The citizens of the United States are the best
seamen in the world. Their officers are men of I
nautical seience, of great experience, and gen
erally in the prime of life. The' first naval
combat of the war marked not a simple equali
ty of skill and courage in the men of the two
countries, but a decided superiority in favor of
the Aciifieansf If the English pride -was
mnrtiiiednt this, sudden reverse in the case of
the (tHcrriere, the whole British government
wasthrowh in consternation at the capture of
the Macedonian, the. Java, the Frolic, and
tnc reacocif. - .
Such rapid and successive defeats -made the
cabinet of St.. James bristle again J -It seemed
a i ;' all the English captains were doomed to
pus;, one after the other, under -the Yankee
yok", or to the regions of the dead ! The ter
ror of the London oligarchs was increasedby a
eciiianty which attended these combats;
or it is no happened that the officers who com -
mantleii the vessels th as beatca by the Ameri
cans, were severally of some one of the dif
ferent races of which the population of the
kingdom of Great Britain is composed. Da
sres was a gay,' fearless Irishman. He would
drink with you, or light with you, in the eivil
est manner to be imagined. He was the boast
ot t he liritishcruizers in the West Indies .
vy : and he had borrowed fromuonmiodorenari
dy at least twenty sharp shooters who had been
approved under the eye 6f Nelson j these were
stationed in the Shannon's tops, in order to
take off early the chief officers o the Ameri
can Frigate. thus prepared, captain Broke
took a favorable opportunity to invite : captain
Lawrence, then just appointed to the command
of the Chesapeake, to a hostile encounter. The
Chesapeake was one of the worst ships the A
mericans had ; her first lieutenant, who alone
was weir acquainted with heV trim oiAsailiog,
was sick, ashore ; Lawrenee himself was a
stranger to the crew, and they had never been
in battle. It must be confessed there was' some-1
thing cowardly in this invitation of Broke :'
for he bad not only the choice of his own ship
to fight in, but he had the selection of the ship
of his adversary, that h? would fight. That
this was a deliberate selection is obvious, as
Broke, although the Tenedos frigate accom-
pained the. Shannon, kept aloof from Commo
dore itodgers, who, with apt.8inith of tho
Congress, put to sea as free froth molestation
as irthere had been no'British squadron near
Boston. Capt.Lawrence, with that gallantry
so nattirai'to the truly brave, ana which at
this day is characteristic of the chivalry of
r ranee, had scarcely seetr the decks ot his res
withr Englin and. mutated by Swedenand
Russia,' France appeared unable to afford her
any supi'-w ru. , ine ving oi uenmaxx, who
his eharast terisic loyalty, addressed himself to
the Emper-or. and advised with him in regard
to th&plat, he shoujd adopt to extricate himself
from Jus , diflioulties. The Emperor, who is
never will) ng that his political views should be
a burthen to- his allies, replied : that Denmark
was at liler.ty to treat .With England, in order
to sconre the intcsrritv r her dominions : and
that his 4 steem and friendship for the Kin
should ret nam undiminished, as he-was sensible
that the t ircumstances of the times alone ob
liged De iinurk to' adopt such a measure. The
King w&i rial j expressed his satisfaction at this
proecdu;?.
Anui41r of able-bodien seamen, Mho had
been ft't nished by Denmark, comprized the
erewsof four ships of the line at Antwerp.-
The Kiligof Denmark having expressed his
wish thlU those seamen should be returnl to
hunr thpMr, without hesitation, return-
ett therf witrf the most scrupulous exactitude,
expres ing, at the jtee time, to tlie officers
and sa7 lors,, the satisfaction he had experienc
ed at t) teir good conduct. .
Jn U it mean time, political anairs went on
witlioptinterrwptlou. !
sel clear irom loose cordage when hesailedi Tht-allies thought that the dream ofBnrkej
forth to fight. - i i was rf 'alized. The French empire, according
The sharp shooters of the Shannon shot him j to the ir imagination, was already effaced from
and his principal officers down at the first fire,. the gl abe : arid that idea must have predomina
which produced contusion on board the Amen-j ted tn an accountable degree, as they offered
can frigate, when Broke put himself at the to D rimark, as sn indemnity for Norway, our
'iSaron da Easts. tohUnt at '
etl another scene, equal in perfidy to tht fipft,
The envoys of the allicf, "tame to his lodainW -
Carden was a South Briton, and was remarka
He for that "surly vanity of mind that distin
guishes the modem English ; who, after subdu
ing the Scotch and the Irish, are now actually
governed by them. Carden was so astonished
at the yhemencfe of Capt. Decatur's fire, that
he lost the faculty nf command, and did not re
cover himself till his decks streamed with
blood and his. ship Was entirely disabled.
Whinyeats was a Welchman, and fought with
a courage worthy of thte, natives of ancient Brit
tany, from whom the Welch are descended.
JBut he contended in vain aeainst the Ameri-
head of nearly all his crew, and precipitated
himself upon the. Chesapeake." The result is
well known. - A triumph, gained by sometliinar
iiKft an arn ace, nas given occasion to tnc most
extravagant demonstrations of joy in Loudon.
A member of Parliament, whose name is CVo-
ker, which in the English tongue signifies a
noisy but contemptible reptile, has pronounced
on the occasion a most preposterous eulogium,
and the corporation ot .Loudon have treated the
affair as if the fleets of all the world had been
anchored in the, Thames' as trophies of their
valor ! Who is there- that does not perceive
in this vaporing of he Islanders, a real fear
for their, ultimate naval superiority? The
Americans will soon recover from this event.
They are a people that do not yield to misfor
tune. We had some experience of them thir
ty years ago : and they have already evinced
(departments of the 32d military division ! and
even the whole of Holland, in order to form
again in the north a maritime powers-correspond
cnt to the system of-Russia.
. T'ne King of Deainark, far from suffering
hinnself to be surprised and misled by such dr
cep ire allurements, said to them Vou wish,
thefi, to bestow Dpon me, colonies in Europe j
and that too, to the detriment of France?"
I Ending the impossibility of bringing Den
mark to their views, and of imbibine into the
mimd of the King an ida so ridiculous, the
ft? nice Dolgorouki was
despatched to Copen-
na gen to demand that Denmark should make
C'sminon cause with the allies ; and" that the al
les would protect the integrity of Denmark,
und even of Norway.
The nrgeneyof the circrmstances ; the ' im
minent flniicf-r In u blch' rip ' u na PTnrmpd ; thf
that they have not degenerated. It is not ne-ifgreat distance of the French annicji ; and final
cessary to conceal that France regards the na-Hy her own safety, conspired to cause Denmark
tal progress of the United States with onsi-'to reflect upon her political situation. The
derable interest. - Kinar, provided the integrity of his territories
His imperial majesty lias no wish to repres-t
their growth in that way. He desires everj
powar to enjoy its reasonable rights on thj -ocean.
It is for that he now wages war ared
negotiates. He claims for France, for his
kyigdom of Italy, and for his allies, their -gitimaie
portion of commerce. He would be
unworthy of the fine empire over which, he
reigns, if he did not pursue that object by .all
the plans which his greafgeniusviay concevre,
and his resources and abilities enable him la ex-ecute.
Foreign.
TRANSLATED FOR THE BALTIMORE AMERICAN,
JFroin the Faris Moniteur.
Her Majesty the Empress, Queen and Rf.'gent,
has received thelyirowingJlltcl'igencre from
the; armies, under date of the 13th ot June.
Baron de Kaas, minister of the iuti 'Hor of
Denmark, has been presented to the Emperor.
' After the transactions at Copenhage n, a trea
ty of alliance was concluded between France
can Jones, who has made himself more illustri- and Denmark. By that treaty, the Emperor
uittu in umucsaiwc i aui 01 uesperaie mi" 1 i-iigngu iu uura'iiovi me lniegriiT ot JJen-
mory. Lambert was a Scotchman, or of. Scotch . murk. i ' .
descent, and eyiuccd the heroism for whichj Duringthe year 18 It,, the court ofSweden
that people- have ibesn celebrated ever since the; made known to that of Paris, hf:r desire to
days bf the. Romans. -Peake was a native of ! unite-Norway to Sweden? and rt quested the
the West Indies, and fought with a warmth of j assistance of France. The answer was, that
courage derived from the temperature of his 'however desirous France miirht he .to act in
climate ; he ouId not, nevertheless, resist the conformity to the wishes of Swed in, a treaty of
prowess 6f Lawrence, who,. orerwhelmed the alliance having already been o oncluded with
Peacock with ablaze of firejaif she had been Denmark, which guaranteed i he integrity of
pierced and sent to the bottom by a stream or i that power, his Majesty the Ef .iperor could ne
Jihtnuig. Had such an event happened inivergiye his eonsent to -the di smemberment of
oays or Heathen Mythology, the TJreek and the territory of his ally.
Latin poets vrould not have failed to celebrate From that moment, Sweden kept aloof from
it under the personification of Jupiter destroy-l France, and entered into ne gotiation with her
ing, wilh a stroke of thunder, the favourite bird enemies:
of his jealous consort Jntia j Such, in effect, Since that period, the Tvar between France
. Was the tfensation throughout -Great -Britain at and Russia'nssume.d a terrible aspect. The
the uuyarying current of American naval vie- court of Sweden proposed to make common
to-ies, that inquiries'were . set on foot by lord cause with France : but , at the same time, re
Darnly in tl',: house of peers, as tdvthe cause incwed her proposition in regard to Norway.
of British failure; the erews of. English shins jit was tii vain that Swed.'n endeavored to ex-
01 war were increased in number, and theom-hibit to France the fVicility withwhiclrScot
stratagems were put in practice by the British
officers, to decoy, and take . ad van tare of the
Americans, Jrngatcs were even fitted out and
called privateers 1 It was in this way that En
glish pride sought to restore its reputation!
There was something ridiculous in all these
eontriyances, especially when we consider Vhat
they were the inventions of. Britons, whn had
i often andsoinsuiently boasted themselves
,. the lards of the ocean I V At length, a captain of
the name ct ,Broke7"who went in the frigate
- Shannon to watch the port of Boston, succeed-
e3 in bringing the United tates frigate Chesa
peake to a premature eogagemcntBrokevas
a veteran command near sixty years of age,
And had prepared his ship for action in a vry
i extraonlmart manner ; he had a ijhoiee crew,
P.u'ktfd from iliffurent tessels of ihe- British na-
and of the mcanines they would jointly pursue
towards England. -The conduct of the cabinet
of the Thuillerie?, was stiR the sameinflexible.
The hands of France were bound by the treaty
with Denmark." '-' T; ,
From that i stant Sweden dissembled not in
her measures. She contracted an alliance with
England and Russia ; and the very first stipu
lation of.lhat treaty was, to act in, concert with
those poncrs, in order to compel Denmark to
cede Norway to., her. . . t-
' The battles of Smolensk and of Moscow re
straiped the activity of Sweden ; she received
.mersubsidiesT-anaaadeomepreparationsi
but com mitt fil no acts of hostility. The events
of tho winter of, 1813 caused some changes.
TheFreneli troops evacuated Hamburg. The
sitnation of Deumark b:caniej)erilous? at war
w ere guarnteed, consented to occupy Hamburg,
and to h'STd" thtt citv even asraiust the encfoach-
ment of French troop, during the whole of
in.- war. ue comprizcu, in mai supuiaiirjn,
every thing that could be detrimental to the
interest of the Emperor, but made to it all the
modifications and amendments that were pos
sible for him to make,' and only yielded his sig
nature, at the instance of those by whom he
wai-OTrTWirded, "who strewomtyeprelBeiited
to him the'necessity of saving his states. Lit
tle, however, did he imagine, that those in
trigHe8 were only jaVing for him an irredeemable
snare. It w as their aim to cause her to be en
tangled in the war against France, and after
thus detaching her from her natural prop, to
turn directly against her, and compel her to
subscribe to . such conditions, however humili
tating, that they chose to prescrib to her.,,
M. de'Bernstoff went to Loudon he expect
ed to meet a flattering reception, arid to have
nothing to do but to renew the treaty conclud
ed with the Prince Dolgorouki.. But what was
his astonishment, when the Prince Regent re
fused to' receive the letter of the King, and
when lord Castlereagh made known to him
that there, could be no treaty between Denmark
and England, unless Norway Mas previously
ceded to Sweden. A few days after, count de
Bernstoff received orders to return Jo Den
mark At the sane time, the same language was
held to count de Molke,-the envoy from Den
mark tcC the Emperor Alexander. Prince
l)algorouki was disavowed, as having exceed
edjus powers ; and during these transactions,
the Danes had given due notice of their, inten
tions to the f rench army, and acts ot hostility
had already taken place J 1 1
, In vain might one open the annals of nations
tn quest of a more immoral policy. It was at
the moment when Denmark found herself thus
eneased in a war with France, that the treaty
to which she thought she could conform, was at
once rejected both in London ?a.nd in Russia;
which courts, taking advantage of the em bar
rassed situation in which that power was pla
eeilflrpresemtoerty way oftiinwftnTl
treaty whieh bound her to' acknowledge the ses
sion ot iNorwayr w
Under these difficult circumstances, the
King evinced the greatest confidence in the
Emperor : he declared the treaty as annulled;
he recalled' Ms troops from Hamburg ; he or
dered that-his army should march' with the
French army ; finally, he declared' that, he
should ever consider himself an ally of France,
and that he placed implicit relianee upon the
magnanimitvof the Emperor. i i
; Baron de Kaas was sent to the head quarters
of the French army, with his King's letters.
In the mean time, the King despatched to
Norway the hereditary Prince of Denmark, a
and made known to him. that the idea, nf tii
annexation of Norway to Sweden had bee re
nounced ; and, provided Deumark would make
a common Cause withtli9 allies, itsnonldnetcr
again be brought in Question ; and enjoined him
to nostnone hn denarture. Ths lUroVi an.
swerwas briefly tus ; I have bit orders L
shail exeeute them." . He was told that (bo
rrencn armies nan ueen aeieatec but, Be re
mained unshaken, and proceeded oa his jour
ney. ' ' ' ...,! "k
In the mean time, on the 31st of Mar. an
English fleet appeared before the harbor Of Co
penhagen ; one of the ships of var anchored
before the city, and Mr. 1 hornton lapded and
had an audience. . He stated, thatthe allien
were resolved to comjnfcnee hostilities, if in 48
hours, Denmark did not subscribe to a treaty,,
thcprinciple conditions pwhicheTe : to.ceyo
Norway to iJWeden. and to furnish 25.00u men. '
to march with theaXtfei against France ami
conquer those :denitiitics which were to be her '
share. Mt. Thornton also declared, that the
overtures made to Baron de Kaas, on his jour
ney through Altona, had : been disavowed, and
could only be considered as a military confer
ence.- v- .- ' ..
The King rejected with indignation this disc
graceful proposal. '1 ,4.v,
During these transactions, the Prince Royal
arrived in Norway, , and immediately published
the following proclamation. . -
" Norwegians !' t --
" Your King is sensible of, and appreciateji
your unshaken fidelity, both, to himself and to
the dynasty of the kings of Norway and of
Denmark, who have, for centuries past reiened
over your sires and yourselves. His paternal
desire is to draw stijlclosw the indissoluble
ties of brotherly love and the union which pre
vail between the people of the two kingdoms.
The heart of Frederick VI. U ever with you ;
but his cares of watching oyer every branch of
the administration of the state, deprives him
of being personally 'in, the midst of his good
neople of Norway. It is for this reason that
he has sent me amongst you J as Governor, to
exeeute bis will, as if he wa present. His or
ders shall be my laws. ' My efforts shall he to
gain your affection and confidence. Perhaps
difficult trials await us-. But,' placing confi
dence in Providence, 'I shall without fear, be
the first to meet the storms that may threaten
us ; and with yont aid, faithful Norwegians, I
shall surmount all obstacles." I know 1 niay re
ly nnon tour fidelity to the Kine : that it is
Jour wish to preserte Inviolate the ancient int
ependence of Norway; and that the mottc
which unites us is: ior uotf, we King) n
the Country."- . . :.
(Signed) " CHRISTIAN FREDERIC,
Prince of Denmark and Norway
Governor of the Kingdom of Nor-
lway, and General m Cbicf.
The confidence which the King of Denmark
had in the Emperor, was fully justisfied, & the
bonds of frieiidship which' formerly existed he?
tween them and the people)f their respective
nations, have been finally re-established.
The French army is now in Hamburg a
Uaniih division is on its march to support it
A!
The Ensrlish draw
nothing from their policy
young Prince of the greatest hopes, and peculia
ry bclofed. by Norwegians. ' He went, disguised
in a sailor s dress, in a fisherman7. boat, and
arrived in Norway on the 22d of JVlay. ,
On the 30th of May, the French troops enter
ed Hamburg. . ; ; , . - 1 ', "
but shame and confusion. The good wishes oi
all classes accompany the hereditary Prince of
Denmark and Norw ay. The only thing which
renders the situation of Norway critical i
the, scarcity of sustenance ; but Norway shajl
continue ; part of Denmark the integrity of
which kingdom is protected by France.
The bombarding of Copenhagen, . whilst ton
English minister was' yet at the court ; the
burningof ,the Capital, and the capture of tjie
Danish fleetTwithout either a declaration of
war, or any pteyiotw hostilities, were'acts suf
ficiently odious to darken the pages of modern
history ; but the political windings which hav
brought the English to demand the cession of a
province, that has for so many years happily
existed under the sceptre of the house of Hoi
stein, and the series of intrigues'to which they
descend to accomplish their odious schemes,
shall be considered as acts still more immoral
and outrageous than the conflagration of Co-
penhagen. - Due notice shall also be taken of
that policy to which the houses of Timor, and
Sicily, have fallen victims, and- which deprived
them of their States. The English, since their
settlements in India, have accustomed them
selves to pay no regard to justice. It is the po
licy they pursue in Europe. T
It appears that in all the conferences that the
al)ies have had with England, the powers most
inimieal to Frnnee.were nrgedTondstililies by
theVexagtrerated pretensions of the English goi -
ernjpent Ersn th basis of the peace Lune -ville,
the English declared as inadmissablc4
alleging that the stipulations were too favora- -ble
to France. ... Insensible beinffs! they are in-
deedLout' (of their latitude if they believj
Frenchman are Hindoos. ' ,
' From the same of July 8.
The policy of tho English towards Denmark
is one of the -most striking historical monu
ments of the perfidy and immorality ' of their
government; out their conduct towards the .
Bourbons of Sicily, does not, in anrdecreg,
yield to that celebrated petformanec.
Both the King and Queen of -Sicily have lost
theirkingdottliyihfidyaired to JTr-t-e,-and
their absolute devotedness to tbt policy rf
England. -'-l-' : -.,:: v':" y -;
During the expedition ajfamst Malta aniLE-
gypt, both the kingdoms of Najgles and Siely,
,7:
--' VT