Newspapers / The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, … / Oct. 28, 1814, edition 1 / Page 1
Part of The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, N.C.) / About this page
This page has errors
The date, title, or page description is wrong
This page has harmful content
This page contains sensitive or offensive material
V- " y,. 'mi.. ...m " ' 'ft f h'i , - ,v-m- ,' , , ' ' .in n,i .i'.nimii - I i.I 'm. .in'. lUn hmmm ii i i. iimji . ; :', , , 1 '.Vol so. . .. A- '7, W? '- pliilTTEI), WEEKLY, BTA.Y. LVCAS. --r.6Ttf Threc.doil. i 'p r y, ar, one half to be liid iti wlvfcc?. - 'V - VU IDA Y, 0 CTOPE 11 2 8, 1&14; illi.'ii " ' man il'i li -h ii V i r ' . .' Z' ' '',1 " . 5 t 1 -f , ' t 4 ;?! r-n.l notice ther'tot" sb.dt havl'cenrtvtn : feronedollftr, flnd-for twenty-hve cents fndv subse- ' " a s'1 "-t-' ' ' To the Senate and ffouw of nepresentativs of I now transmit to Congress copies of the in-ftrnetioiit- to :the 'Plenipotentiaries of the Uni ted StatescKarMl villi iiegfkliwg a Peace with Great Biituift, a raited. to in my mos- saie of the 10th instant. --Lar- " ; v--JAlKS-MpfSONr- Washington Odober isM, isti. , frcretar'j ofStfUfhiehipo . tentmrnsljftheymte48lu!e0or jr of :Teace tvith Grtal-Britnin, diiitA- ' . r ; ' V-jy.tpnt of State,- 4pr3;' 13M8l4v ' Gen'tfwp.nI had the honor on (hearth utt. to rtVie J'rom Air. Adams. two lottcri, one hearint- tlnte on the 2th September, and the o tlir 01 llie'l7t!i.Octol)er last, communicating t;6vrruire of the. -Emperor of Russia to pro hv liVs friendly meilialien b?lween' .1.. rT,; VaiBtuLiirtMaJMtaitw Oa-thef day followint-, Mr. DAsclifcoff, the Russian Minister, made i similar commHiiicntiotJ to this .dsnartiiu'nt. The subject nas, iu con(1ut-..cc for the'adjugtment Of llm cimtrtoyemy that Hri tish cruisers should haie a rreht to search our the at by j v hich he,; became u naturalized, A Vessels for" BritUh seaSneo, but that the Corn list ol'the crew, in ilm cae of a private ghiitnanders thereof shouhrhe subjected to penalties . I l- -lit .1 . 1 Vi -i.J- 4 .A.U uit m tM,4;cHuieu tutu reijwnicu oy nje xn?tiu prae inuy mauu nuiahC9 anu tuun. tiuui mew Ameneau citizen. My this. tUe lii Kisii t.ov- cnuiitiiit would acquire the right or aeareu lor produces to the commander in one instance, and to the collector in the other, a certified eopv of lector, aad the consuls or eommerci'aagents of. Great Britain j may bjeet to, any 'eamen, aud- thQreof, five hundred dollars, to be, recovered in an aetion of debt j ouhalf to the ii)fvjmer aiid one half to the United States It is kjso made penal, punishable as" a felony Ly impridoniru:.! and labor from three to five .years, or by timv, from live hundred to one thousand dollar, iui any persou to forge or counterfeit, or to puss, or use any forged or counterfeited certibcate, of citizensbin. or to sell ordisiiose of one. If rofty tiiirly tie p resiuaed , I hat . il. 1 hi 9 , la w ! rigitff iu any case, we give wp the principle, and leavts the dVr open to. every'liiiidf "Of fJbo.ie, I he sume objection is applicable to any and ft- very olljer arrangement, jwhich v! Chi a Id the refjK'ti due to our flag by not allowing it to.prp,- teel t lie crew saiiinfi; under it. , .- , . 1 . 1. .1 1.1 t. j t. Hie isrsi aiieriiaviiv b'iuuiu up nuiipicu, 44 will follow, thatltfOtfeof the British Feameii who may be in the tfuited States at the time the Treaty talfes effect, and who shall T.-ot have become citizensi will be admitted into our sor-- shonld be curried into effect, it would exclude vice, until thev acquire that right. V ' all British seamen from .our servi.ee. .,r 4 1 Jf. the second is udoptcdTthe humberirf na - By jequiring.tive years contiuned residence tfre Briti8(L8camerf,wlio haveheeiVhatjiraliTred, in the United .States, as the' 'condition of uiiL-witnd will headimssible 'iito .onr service, will not zenship, few if any British seamen would everTt is believed exceejd it few hundred, ill others take, auvautuge. of iv. Such as had left Great r who mav beljt tlie United (States at the time Britain, and had resided five years in this couu- the Treaty takes ell' ft, or who nray ariive af- H1Hw--Jftf(nt- ofthe-right and obligations inci try, .wuld be likely to abandon the sea forever. ;terwards, wilIJifiH4ttded; "T" ' dent to it: Allegiance is a political relatioi And by making it the dutyoi the commandersjWaTlel6saiy ir of -our public, and ofthe. wllectojjJihase principle of et liter uiternativc, it is expected of private shipsiUjiim'eTni authenlieat'ed cb- that all American seamen, who have been im pyainhehlToTthe court, before which a pressed, will be di charged, and that those, who BrUisb-fftibiert, who offered his service, had have been -naturalized, under the. British Jaws, been I naturalized, as indispensable to his ad- by compulsive service, will be permitted to mission, aud. highly penal in either to take a' withdraw. iRrsnn not d'ilv nualified. and hv allow iliir also! 1 have to rcneat that the (-rent nbie'ct which ""I"' . - - 1 f - - - -.' 1 j - 73 ; 1 1 -.--. cl , - been duly Considered, apu 1 Have now vo uuikl. British agents to object to any one ottering his you have , to s -cure, 111 regard jo lippcrKsment, ced herself ia 17$0 at' the head of neutral na' : tioiisr iii; favor of a Jiberalpnstructfyu pf their . rights, - anI' her, successors have generally Tofc ' lowed Ji'erexample In .all the.discussions o " -these .topics,, .,Bnd,nuthlBg .of the .British claim to Impressment i no acknowledemeut of it in any treaty, or proof , of submUsjon ;o ft by any powej' ijf Jn$lanccs ,Javfe Occurred in which British cruisers have laken British sea-" men from th vessels of., other nations, they verc, as it is presumed,,in cases either not ae nuieaced in, or of an cxtraordindrv ihatare onlv. affording no countenance; to their practice nd Cases of this; kind, if such there be, afford 116-' proof of a sygtematie claim in the British eo., " vcrnment to impressment, or of submission to it by other, powers. This claim has been set on against the United States only, who lave in consequence mereoi neen compellea to discuss ' its..inerits...:...-:.r;.c: . . - t''.,- - -' This claim is in fact traced to another s6nrc. theAaHegiancedue by British. yl.jeets to their sirycjrvtVfW'-right-b; virtue thereof; to theif service. This has becn dktirictly stated in a late- declaration by v the ' Jriuce Uegsnt. Itnowing the nature of the claim, we know al- , . 'A , i v, known to you the result. service, and tojrosecuteHy stsitl.ue cammaiiiK-r The President has not hesitated to accept or eoiector us the case might be, for receiv ing ihe mcdiaiiou of Itussia. and he aud urges a a"n improper person, it'seems to be imposbiulc that such should be received. . If the second alternative is adopted ; that is, if all native British subjects are to be' hereafter excluded from our service, it is important that' the stipulation providing for it should operate so as not to affect those v ho have been already naturalized. By aur law all the rights of na tives are given to naturalized citizens. Jtis contended by some that these complete rights do not extend beyond the IhniU of the United relation betvveena SoYereiffii and his neonlo. It it th obligation which binds the latter in return for the protection5 which they receive. These re eiproefltiruties have the same Inuit. They are entifined to, the dominions of the sovereigOj be yond which he has no rights, can sffxrd bo pro tection, and can of course claim no allegiance. A citizeir or subject cf one ppwerr entering tho dortinioiis of another, owes allegiance to the States : that -in mi tu rat izi in' foreigner, no state can absolve him from the obligation which luTowfcs to ljis former government, a'nd that, he becomes a citzen in a qualitled seiuie only. This doctrine, if tine in any ease, is less, a p pli cable to the United States than to ajiy other power. Jixpatriatioti st eins to be a nalural right, and by the original cisaraeter ol oiir m-jdencc in the U. stitutions, founded by compact, on principle, indispensable to , th and particularly by the unrjiial hcd liiveHtmeiit of the adopted citizen with the full rights of the native, all that, the United States could do, to place-him 00.i4h same looting, has been done. jM'eiu'b. alien, who'ii'V-J' In point of interest the object is of Jill !e i;ir-j citizen, to upp-'ur ..in term of live v. ars. !ii strong hope that it will produce the desireu er Jeet. Jt is not known that Great Bntajn has acceded to th proposition; but it is presumed that she Will not. decline it. The lWjent thotight it TSpTWeT to postpone his decision, until he should hear of that of the British gov ernment. 8incerelv desirous of peace, he, has been willing to avail himself of every opportu nity whfeh might tend to promote it, on just ana itohorable conditions, ami in accepting this over". tore he lias been particularly graunen iw wuni, by the manner of it, the distinguished euirsidcr- ation which the United States entertain for the Emperor Alexander. Should the British goy ernment accept the mediatiou, the negotiation to which it leKds will be held at St. Petersburg. The President commits it to fou for which a commission U enclosed, and lie has appointed Mr. Harris Secietary of the mission. . The impressment of our seamen and illegal blockades, as exemplified more particulkrly in the orders in council, were tho principal causes of the war.? Bad not Great JRnlaiu perscyered , obstinately in the violation of these important rights,,the war would not have been declared. It will cease as soon as these rights are lespec ted. The ptoposltion made by Mr. Roisell to the British government immediately after the ' frar, and the answer given by this department to Admiral Warren's letter since, shew the gronntl on which1 the United States' were will :Mg!to -pHlt the'; controversy relative to' ioi- tirAaaniibnh This has. been further eviuced by a rrport of tne eommuie;0i roreigu ii-!.uut.ib ujuyit.nrir age. Honsefllepf To a stipulation" which shall operate pros- gfess passed in consequence i;6f that report. By .rctively oiily, the same objection docs not ap- these documents you will see that to uecommo- j, . u r.atiiraliziny; fort-igiiers,- ihe United date thiVimportanjdifterenee, the .United States, fs iaftv proseribe the limit to "which their A are disposed to exclude BritUh seamen altoge ilus'shall extend, if it is made a condU , :,-.: 'PL : 1. .. tner m-m tne American service. 1 hi; .jieui.5 ieftlctualfy done, the British gove.rnmeiit can have no pretext. for the practice. llo;v shall . it be done ? By restraints tb-be imposed bv each nation on the ;finturjitizati6n of the sea men of the other, eiel ud'ing at t he same lime all others not naturalized -or snail the rigilf ofJboiiiid !iy St. To such a stipulation the. Presi--ach nati.m to natfrralize the fecamen of thp , 0- f nt is willing to assent, tjio' he would much t ther be prohibited; and each exclude frpin its prefer the alternative of reslriiirfts on uaturali iervice the natives of the other ? Whatever nation and to prevent frauds ;and to carry the the rule is, it ought to be reciprocal. If Great same fully into effe-l, you are authctrized to ap Britain is allowed to naturalize American sea- ply nil the restraints and checks, w ith the ne men, : the United Slates shjufd enjoy the same icessarj modifications, to suit the case, that are privilege. If it is demanded that the United provided in the act above recited, relative to I in;? in iter own ports, with a view to the same 1 lo terminate, however, this cor.tro iu a inanner satisfactory to both parties. effect versy the President is willing, should oihe"r checks be suggested as 'likely to be more t iteelual, consis tent ivilhthe spirit of our coiis.'ituf ion, that yon should adopt Jhcm. The strong feature of the Srcit. alteriiatiywhieh a;il hs i izes the naturali zation of seamen remiireg their continued resi- States il i- five attauiU'tJil years, as of lliat righ Mortance to either party. The number to be af fected by the stipulation is inconsiderable; 1101 can tiiiit be cause- of surprise, whn the charac ter of that tli'.ss of men is eonsUh'r.cd. 'It ra re ar ea'j?es 111 pons that a seamun v-ho s-!.lcs on. a farm, a trade 0. tsd parsues it lor an v lengih of time, letnrm to s;.',-.. f'tib , youthful" davs are exhausted in his iirse occuttaiion. lii leaves ii, with .-regret, am' ndojijt4Miolti'5fv ci ther hi cousequer.ee if-HttrfKv5e, of disease, or ti.m tliHt no native British subject, who mav lerea&c-r -become a citizen, shall be employed in our public or private ships, -their exclusion will violate- no right. Those who might her eume citizens afterwards would acquire the right, siiliject to that condition, and would be is, that our nag snail protect the crew, ami lauer, 111 reiurn ror uie protection he receives providing for this in a satisfactory manner, 'Whether a sovereign has a right to claim the that you are authorised t secure ti. Britain service of such of his subj ets as hare left his effectually against the emplbv meut.of her sea-! own dominions, is a. question, respecting which meii in the service Of the U. States. This it is 'also a diffcreuce of opinion may exist. It is believed "would be done by the adoption of cith-1 certain-that no sovereign has a right to'pirrsue er of the above alternatives, and itie applica-j his subjects into the territories of another', be--tion to lhat w hicli may be adopted, ofthe cheeks j H)e motive for it what it may. Such art en' contained in the law ofthe last session rela- try, without the consent n the other powers live to seamen 5 in aiJ ofwhiuh it will be m the wopld bna violation of its territory, and an aft' power of G. Britain to make regulations opera- of hostility. Offenders, even conspirators, can not be pursued ly one power into the territory of another, nor are they delivered up by the lat ter, except in compliance w ith treaties, or by favor. That the vessels of a nation are con siderpd .a part of its territory, with the exceni tionof thc belligerent right only; is a principle too well established to be brought into discus sion'. Bach state hs exclusive jurisdiction 0 ver its own .vessels. Its laws govern in tbem ail offences against those laws are punishable' by itstr'ibtinnls only. The flag of a nation pro' ' Uiesl- tectsverv thtna sailmcr undent, in time of, to secure a eom-fpeace fid in time of war likewise, with the exv ....... .? . r .. i .1. . . ...-. . Wi '.i iaKoil l te tUlty Ppno oi me uiiiegereui rignis growing oui ox - -ns to bceo'the a the war. An entry board the Vessels of oner , k' povyer try the cruizers of another, in any other case,and the exercise of any other authority' over rhein, is a violation of Right, and an act of hostility. . ' ;;, " The British government, aware of the truth of this doe'rine, has endeavored to avoid itV conseq?iencesxin"t he late" declaratimi of , the Prince; Regent. It lias not 'contended that Bri tish cruisers have a right to pursue ind search our - vess.v'lsc for British seamen.' It asserts on- , ly tliat they have a right to search, ihem for other objecte,"ahd being oh board for a lawful . cause, and finding British seanien there, that they have a right to impress and' bring thema w ay, under claim of allegiance. v When we see t. a systematic, pursuit of oiir vessels by British cruizers, and the impressinent of seamen from, them, not at a port of the enemy, where a regu lar' .--blockadhad been instituted, and by the blockading squadron,, but in every part ofthe . ocean, on our coast, and even iu our harbors, it is diliicult to believe that impressment is not the real motive, and the other the pre'textfor it. States shall cxelulei,roui their service all na tive British subject; a like exclusion of Ameri ean citizens from 'the 'Britishserviee ought lo be reeiDrocated. The uiodc also should be liberty to si ve- the same facilities, or be bound to impose t!' " same restraints that , the other does. The Prys'ident is-willing to agree to ei ther alternative, and to carry it into effect by the most eligible regulations that can be devise 'ed.'-' yd'- v' -. .','-;-."-'-".,- '- If the frt alternative is adopted, the extent of the proposed exclusion w ill, depend, on the . i t , k et . 1 seamen, lor tne parposes ot tnat act. I u requiring thatthe stipulation to extrude BritiihseanjiDlixmujeur lations for. carrying it into effect, be made recij recm-m ommou to both countries. Each shouldbejtlracal, the Presideut-lesiiHhatnroTrTindt provision, authorizing the United States, if they should tie so disposed, to dispense with tire obli gations imposed by it on American citizens. The liberal spirit of our Government and laws 1sunf f 1 end ly to restraints on ouTTtriz ens, 'such at least as are imposed on British subjects from becoming -members of ,ot hen satieties. This has been shewn in the law ofthe last session re- in Case -litis alternative ?.e r.U'jmn;, uie dent is willing,, -for n ample, piiance with that iii'uoin t.j t- c'esirfi 'Ki t evcrv vear'for the hss right -shall be com pleted. Th'a t;.:t;np!c- is giv en, not as a.Bmi-t-uit.;;. but as an illiistration of ycur powers,; i'v.f i-) the exclusion of British seamen from mir so ;:e, no i cji iviaitt e is felt. To snch cxclov iion liit- ai'iictoie ad'ustment oJis-coHfrover4- sy .wjth., GiXiitiiiiilard.s! strong motive, but iKit th'i oniv one. It is a growing sentiment in iliL' IT. States, that they ought to depend 011 their own population, for the supply of their ships of war and "merchant service ; experience has shewn it is an .abundant resource, luex- pnssiilthis sentiment, you will do it in aman-4 ner to . inspire more turn a confidence, that the arrangemc.nl w hich you may enter into, will be earned laithfiiMv into e,ffoct, . without derogat ing, however, from the coi.ciliatoiypiril of ijie; siccommodarion. A strong desire has heretofore been express ed by ihe British government to obtain of jhc U.;States an arrangement to -prevent the deser tiou of British seanien, when in our ports, aiid it cannot he doubted, that a stipulation to that effect would be highly Vitisfactory, n$ ve as useful to G. Britain. It is fairly, to be pre sumed that it; alone,, would afford to the. British government 'a strong inducement to eiittrintoa satisfactory arrangi'aieiit of the differences 're- idling 10 JinpressHTcnu i uevjarm is noi inau missible, esjecially as the U. States baVe a reci procal interest i u the s restorat ion of deser ters from American vessels ' in-Biitish ports At ' But to "place this argument of the British go- vernmeiit on the strongest ground, let it be ad mitted "that the. entry was lawful, is "it so to commit an act not warranted by the purpose for which the entry was made ? There is a le-: yity in this argument, j which neither suits tho parties nor the subject. The British govern ment founds its right of impressment f-om our ships on that of allegiance, which is a perma nent right, equally applicable to peace and war. Yiuinmytherefore tigi toi right of impressmlenTrthTrefoiH? vessels' of other powers must likewise be per. njanent, and equally applicable to peace and war, Jt wouttt not, However, take tins broad of tho last session of Congress relative to sea men proves how sincerely desirous the Legisla tive as well as Executive branch of our govern ment, is to adjust this controversy ou conditions which my be isatisfactory to ,G. JBritain, By thatlay it is madejndispensable for every Bri v. tish SubjVct w ho may hereafter become a citi zen, to reside five years without iutermission within the United State, and so many guards "are imposed to present hands, that it seems to beimpossible that they thould be eluded.. No British subject can he ..employed in a public or private ship of the Uwjied Srlates, uuless-he . : . 1 i, ji -i .-..- .1.1 at'- . . .-... . , . . . . J t ir, i - - . ' ' ' ' r'. . jmpeoimems vo:naiura of milions i that il is snpiiorted by no of the regfat)iont: prevent" lmpositiOji,.- and, tention has been already drawn. This proyi- treaty w ith any .nation j that ilvW as ntfver uc difficulty in acquiring the right of citizenship, the easier will it be tojivoid imposition, and the more eomplele the desired exclusion. . The law sion mav.ltkewisc he reeinrocated if desired. The President is not particularly solicitous that either , of these alternatives (making the proposed reservation in case the latter.be) should 11 be preferred. To secure the .United States against impressment he is .willing tb a dopteiihcr. Jle expects in return that a clear and distinct jifovlsiob, shall be made against the practice. The' precise form in which it may be done is not insisted On, provided the im port is explicit. All that isrenuired is, that in consideration of the act to be performed 01; the purt ofthe United States, the British Gov ernment shall stipulate in soinc adequate man ner, to terminate or forbear the practice of im pressment from Anurican vessels, r. It Las beMi suggested a an expedient mode as hallu-been heretofore aut horized hv the U States, which ishall, make it the ditty of each narty to deliver them up. ; V . ; v : Of the right of (Le U,. States to he ewmpfed j ground, least the injustice and extravagance of much has been already said, and with such a- bilifyTTh ati f wou I dHbH:-"cipecia 1 ly ttf you, who are othcrw ise so well ou;igiuted Vith iVto dilate on its merits. ,1 must, observe, how. ever, that the practice is utterly, repugnant to 4 quiesfeeiln (y any; and that a sita!i;smn. tto hivL . States, would be the abandonment. it by iu favor of G. Britaia, of all claim to neutral rights, and of all other rights oil the ocean." TJiii-praefTGe is, not founded on any beilige- rent j'ight1; The greatest exteilt to which th belligerent claim has beeTTearried, over the vessels of neutral nations, .Is, t aboard, -'an"d take fjonl them, persons in the ladd and sea service of ,an enemy, ebatrabaiul of .war, and' e nemy's properjty; All bilious agree respecting the two lirst articles, Lut Jbfre has been and still exists.Ka diversity of opinion as tp the. last. On .that and other questions of considerable im potta'iice, ' dispute hav arisen whicli a re yet :ir.settleaIr-The 3?mprt!ss'Ctlikrine f Russia, a di.tJcgaicetl udvuiuju , just prnrtiplei; pli- vcre.igr.ty aiid jurisdictlou ever it i transferred the nrcjtension miht excite the astonishment and -' indignation of other powers, to whom it wonld he eqalydapplicablcj:"'lV;Iaimi1ras a - helligereril right would have teen enually un- Ijust, and absurd, as no trace of it ftould be found in the Belligerent Uode. 1 lie UntisU tiovefn-- nicnt was, therelore, redufeen to a very cmbar raising 'dilemma. To acknowledge that It could not support the claim, on either principle, r vyould be : to relinquish if, and yet it eould rely on neither. It endeav-qnred, to draw some aid from both. A state of mar exists vhich brings the parties tbgether,'ip. Britain, as a hellige rent, and the .U. StatjCS as a Nentral Power. British ofiicers have now a right to hoard' and search-American vessels, hut .for what ? lVr- ' sons in , the' sprvice of an enemy, contraband of; war, or enemy's property ? This would not 1 accomplish the end. It is however, thr utmost limit of Ihe belligerent right. Allegiance, which is an attribute of sovereignty, comes tn her aid, and communicates Till the i uneessary power.. ThcJIVatioiial -.Character. of 'the nevt.- tral vessel ceases. 'The complete right of so- i
The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 28, 1814, edition 1
1
Click "Submit" to request a review of this page. NCDHC staff will check .
0 / 75