Newspapers / The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, … / Dec. 12, 1817, edition 1 / Page 1
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' r- i ' - i I i ii - "St I f r:',i.? I- XV ' 1 .. : - : ; . ...... ...t: .- 1 - .... ' J ': s v-T-r ' yei eorapletei them. Th difftaitf fcot believed, have abused their trasf, and MI.T, B a tvdA . . i'dr tht treaty, respecting the . right'of the (regard for the rights tod interests of ihe Uiii .V " -V V ':..-J t,,. w"Mt'" euro uau vu iuiiitu uibiei rruuireu init IUeV HMDM D8 IIIO XrPW1 rf P" rtfct.f flfJtjijrM , and "order, have according! issued . - . T n t - ..;., Mil, ivhifth had haan aamtirmA k- tha ( ?'n la, that. ... Tk. i . - 5 . ' iti nonce mereor suaii nare neo'i"M .. . ........ uu i i v vvn, - KALKIUH JVrmt ' tiibicriptim : Tlire dollars per yeTt' one to oe paia in a' fpr ilian tbrec rirnci due. SJV: .hrt;nunt nat MceeAina' 11 lines. r in Seftftd thrice fair one dollar j for twentv-five cant eCn ttt. geq.fpHt insertion : nd in I ke proportioo where there V a rfi-eater number lines than fourteen. ITw cash jnust accompany those from persons unknown to tne , editor. - n'(v;ibserintifjn ran in anv case he irteired wlthoat nv.inrtnt of at least gl 50 in advance; wd nodit- cnii.m.tnoe without pajment of arrears, inles at the ,; ore ': f '''c 1 '!' , ' : ' : Congress of the United States. IN SENATE, Monday, D?c. 1. .JUr. Gaillard, the Pre-idAn't prq-iewtwr, t he linte lraiitMfftl t svl; the Saaize and the unal htiinea tramnded. T r HOUSE BJKPRESENTATlVtl jwnieo arose oetweea tue tw governments on-j forfeite J all claim to eonideratioti. A Joat ttgtra Tor the rights and interests of the Uiii td State required that they should be sup- ers ba?e accordmgljr issued fhe imnAi-imi eonaidfmtinna oiethauawdserenhuudred and eighty-three, isfwhieh produtedtbts tnasrewill be explain Hill in ToegoUittionrThe proposilian made bj! AJ U the parties tvhou it raayin any desree. iuis gireraaieoi, ie exteaa to toe eorsnjes oil eoneern. , i Great flritaia the principle of the eonteatieoj . To obtain correct information oV every sub- f Loadoa, by-whieh the eommerce bHiweentt in which the United Statt arintr., . tha-pertt'af.the Uniiea Stales and Uritib.tq lo.pire juit sentiments, in alt persons in an- of eq uality, has been declined by tbc B citisfa yiverninent. This mbjeet having been thul mieui? discussed between the tWA govem- m ant m m A It a u 1. n a 1 1. . II I. .n vernment is unwilling to depart fro its pre ent retfulatioits, it' remain for Congress t de eiji wielhr ibry will mke any (her rega- thnnly, eeitber sidev of our friodly dispo.i, tinn an rtr a . .. .. . ..i . r ... IV Uiaj i-uinpori wuit an impar tial neotralily : aud to secure proper reject to otr eommerce in every, purl, and from every ffiig, it has been thought prsper to send a ship of war, with three distingnithed eitizeas, aloog Me southern coasts with instructions la touch at U)ivu, iu cit!ri4ence thereof, for th frrviet ti;i oi jmprY5ieotQf or ntTaiya. .H 4,Tb netiaiitr srtthf St4i,'far ' spoliattoiis qt,otiT aoiofaerew, aad tiia ettleinat of boun- Monday, Dec. l- Ut ' m i-.t .... i: . 'i ni : . . i i i. i-.iv . rfj-U,T .wwiiiiiiiwmwii turn were raaue 10 vou- Clerk to the last ConSressi,. (Mw lMrA8a. lho pfthcy, ot- uie Spanish government t DorjaflBHTY,) -keep the neijotialHMt suspended, aud io this the lite housd'tben proceeded to the c!ioico of. United States have acquiesced, from a a ami a Speaker. Onrnuntinp; the Voles, it 'pjx:ar-j cable. dispottiHi towards., Spain, id in the ed that of 147 votes given in, there were tWf expeetaio.i iha her government would, from a Heury?Ulay . iS en-ieofju4ieeT finally accede 'to. such, an ar- fiir S unUol Smith, fi rangemr nt. as would bo equal between 'the par. ' Qt ink. 1 A disposition has;. been lately shewn byi Tim Memhrg hnvins been sevcrAny.4UAli- ?,r.8-?R'': a 'T rn,neni 10 move ,n XM npS ion or the like, in future, be n'revented. " Our relations with the otber powers of Eu rope have experienced tin essential change since the last sessiuo. Iu our intercourse with eaeh, due attention continues to be paid to the pro tection of tour ctMiimeree, and to every other ohjectin vvhich the United States are interest ed. A strong horie is entertained, that, hv d herins to the maxims of .a just, a candid, aud the 4oJ of the land within the limits of the state of Ohio, and to a great part-of that in the Alicl ian territory ' aatf of the tati of In diana; iFrem the Cherokee' tribcr a tract bus been purchased, in'thesrafenf; Geergjf:. and an arranrement midbV-whreh. -iik .iihanVa for lands beyond thf Mississippi, a great part, if not the whole of the land belonging to tfiat tribeveiiitward ofihn rivpr. in lL i.'. ' nmh fuaroliua, GoorgiaV ami Tennesser, and in the Alabama Territorvwitl Soon h ,n.,ir. ed, By these srqsigitjonsvand other, that may reasonably he expetfledisbon (o follow, we iKall he .enabled to extend our. sKilemetits from the inhabited .ar4sofihe stafe l)f. Ohio, amnBrJake Erie, ibto the Michigan tprrilnrv. AMI m connect our sitth'ttients "hy , degrees, tbtotrgh the state of lodiaifa'and the' lliittoit't 4 territsry, to thai of Missiswouri. ... A., similar, i ? sjcfc ports at they may find most expedient fortW equally a(lrant8gwisffeft ;tijl toon be-4'-Ss. , With tbejgxistioj: iM'iW;lJMdae'd' wot h, tartuf ""s e psseision.o Jr -eaereMmg the ssve'rergnty, most th comnuniatit)nsije held ; from them alone eaa redress for tHt in. juries, eomuiitted by, persons acting under them. ne oDtaiiieti; by them alone can ihe ifbmniia: ten! of the VtalM tMH-errttTT. whlrMi theatcrs emptyinl ittto tfie Mississippi and the'Mobile.- In this progress, which the rights of natn re demand t & nothing can prevent, ran'k- v "nS grsvrtb rapid And gigantic, it is piir duty to make new efforts for the preservation, iuu proveOi'cnt; and civilcEation of f he natie inha bitanls; The huuter state ean exist only in ihe vast, nncultivated desart. ftvields to the more dense aud f.hnuinrr tr.. ..! force, t Civilized population : and of riffht it fiwl by taking the oath to stinrt the x-nsti- ttltion the rfone pntccoded ta duct t Llwk 'Oncoantin, vites Thoma.4 UavoiiEHTT, who resumed hia place ,as C lerk of th- rfouse. ' Tho. Claxton was then re-apfioiiitod Door K ep r, Hbnjamiv Buboh Assiss ant 0 r peeper, and TntiMAs toosn .Servant at .inu, niiicii iia ucen met uy mis trovern--relations witb a II th nnifm nr ir,.. meat, .and, should the eoneitiatory and friend- conditions advaniaeou Aml'hnn..,i,i.. ti ii . . 4i . ,ii 'y policy! which has invariably , guided our country, TZZTW r"ib r,"f"1 B'"V" an.. .... !di. ,re. m. an oi nic.i were i., t arraiiS,1Iieul IIV be expecfe(f. IlS9 pro. tribesfr naeific relitt,.a hv , I - - a - . . a w . v w wvii i v o v t v - f -w v.Vi aw s wuiui C inti UU III UaPtl9lllJU DUo . 1 a oas yet oeeii made, from which w-,.,. . j.ciu, iwr ne esrni was given to maiikind to support the greatest number if "Win hit iseahable. nhd tilt f f I KtS Si I. Villi, telai fc .a ak rriendly policy, we may long preserve amcableiar,3',, to withhold from the wants of others. more man IB necessary fur f he r rn n i.ln.,r . m . w I. ..j, .. . arras, without )jij)o.siti i a n.i ffio naMai inriiiii nt n.'oceedincs and : .. .:,k - ' S'.i.t-v thn sympathise iu eveuts h,, dT,M...nPd : tn tt- ,YI,.r.k to-Ul ir- ae,5hbaM- . .wned probable, also that the J . nri.fiHi'utKin nf 1 1n. en H ii.i ..I.,...,. ..,.. .. t u.i f ' "1 ."i.M.m. uruji vuai huv such a result cau be presumed It was anticipated, at an early stage, that the contest between ?pain and the Colonies would become highly iutereiititig to ilu-United btatcs. tl was uaiuraTtTiat our citizens nhoitld which affected their no th Tuesday Dec. H- bouses, the following .VlKSSAtiR, In from tht Preidnl.of ihtj Uuited 8ati was read, and referred to a com.nittoe of the whole, on the s'ate of the nation . , v , i bis day, at ti o'eloek, the Passing). t or the United States transmitted w-hot Ii JHottses of Coo'e, the fii)owiog Message, If Mr. Jo EPR ion a MoJtaoa, bis 8eereta ty. Fellow Citizens nj tht. Senite, and of the Ilmse of ReprestntaUv, s : At no period of our poliiieui existenes had we so much cause to feiiciufe otirssive ai epaspfroUsandn country. The abundu.'ti fiuils of the earth have filled it with pK-my. An ex(entt and profitajble com in free has greatly auueoted our revenue. .The public credit bus attained iur in cynligiious countries wonld oecasionally interrupi oar co.u;nerce, ami ntberwiso aa.'et JJ;e persons and property uf our cilizeos. i Ml t . i inrs win renfi.n in the treasury, on the first day! , i". 7 . 1 of J.itiuarv. ftnu!ic.ihl tn thna tne Mobile,- uith th uie eosuing year, TIimo anticipatiiius nave been re i!izhI. Buch tnj'iries have been received I'rooi pefsijal ,4ct ig under the authority of hitli the .parties, and fur which. redress .has, in nost initaucos. been withheld. l,hrtih every stage nT the (e'iftitusr, the United 3ates have Maiuuincd an. impartial tieatrality, giving aid to ueither of the parties in men, money, ships or munition of war. They Uuv. regarded me conti'jt, not, in the ligiit of an prniuary insurrection or re- Knlll.in .ll a u ..il . Iia1...aah . 1 .. , .k .1 a. .., . :n:..i f -it ""'"i uui n a him Tm urinccii uauica ivu ai iwciiit ill 1 1 if in m nn in i I . . -.1 - , UlSftr!y.r..'!.!iLbaj powers, e- qual rig'tts. uur ports have been pn to both; and every artiele, the fruit of our toil, or of the industry of our citizens, which either was permitted to take, has been equally .free to theotber. Should the colonies establish their In calling your atlentUirto the intrital co;r-cefnr'Cn.r.couiitv',:th'-view whinh thi-v hibiris peculiarly gratifying. The payments ki la a aa A t t,-. I. a ' .i.i-i. uiiic orya luaoe iutt uie treasury shovy the very prodaetivc sta'fe or the public rcven ue. Aftetrsalisfying the appi'inriations made by law fur the support oT the civil gorcraaieut, and uf tbtj miliary aud naval estahlishment ewbrariegsitiUble provision for fortifi. -ations & ,or the grfi;ltial inerease of the navy, paying Ik interest, of the public debt, and exting tub ing.inore f !ia:i eightesu millions of the princi pal, within t lie present year, it it esithated t!iat a balance bf more than mix uiitfion of iloli It is tfratifvinv tn k- now. ltii the reservations of land made by the treaties with the tribes or Lake Erie. Were mad. with a view to individual ownership among thera, and to the cultixaiion 6f the soil by all, , and that an annual stipend has been pl-dged to sup ply thejr other wants. It will merit the Con sideration of Congress, whether other provisi on, not -tipulated by the treaty, ought to be made for lh?se tribes, and for the advanee. r eal ol the liberal and huinnne poliev of the United dtatrslovrards all the tribes w'lthiu onp limits, and more particularly for their improve ment in the arts of eivilized life. Among the advantages incident to ihes'e pur-ehases- and to those which have rrccedVd, the security which may thereby be afforded '6 our inland frontiers, is peculiarli important.. With iiioEij oaru?r, consisting oT our own people thus planted the Ukes, the MiHsissippi an ppi and e orct elihn in ho Ho frsm he regirjar force, Indian hostilities, if Till Mi4Toi..rfi S'ntn tLa.' f .i ' 1 hej do not altogether C.aBP. Will U.nnLr..,ll. yer one ihnusand' eight hundred . ef ?-h-. rtPfnf- Fortifiaatimis In those door- icro, wu account 01 impost, and tonhsce, re- ,1 v v,r"'. """ oe nerts.aryj ond suiting prmcipalfy from duties which have ac- cmed in the present year, may be fairly estiina- an extraordinary elevation. Our preparatinus' jj(je , this guvermneut neither se ks, nor would , ac cept, trom them any advantage, in commerce or otherwise, which will not be equally open to all , . far '.iarn. . f fnni.a ..- ' luoepiiuence, 11 is proper now 10 siatf, met wawaawa o m -w v ouam wni 1 1 iia . . . - which, hy the experience of all r.itioas, wc ought not to expect to be exempted, are ad vancing, under a well digested syttein, with all the diapateh which so imporiuiit a wotk will admit- "Our free goveriin.ut, founded on the interest and aff'ctiuns of the people bas gamcu auu ia uaiij Jlitig. suriulil. isedl Jl . .i- r.ll -I I .' .. . j:aiuusies are rnpimy yieioin? 10 inure -rrne- raus, enlarged and enlighten d views of tits, -tional1 policy. For advauiagt's so numerous -a.id highly important, it is our duty to umie ingrateful acknuwledgiiients to that omnipo tent Btiing from whom they 4re derived, and 10 uaeeasiug prayer thut he w4ll endow us with Virtue and strength to maiutAiti and baud the in down, in their utmost purity, to our latest pos tetify. v '' v i have the satisfaction to inform you, that an arriiugemeiit, which had beu Comiueused if- i) :niy- preacjusjurititLtheJIi rn mput, f(r the. rtidiielioii of the naval force; by ureat Britain and the United Stales, on Ihe takes, h i? Li'.itn eoHcIudd : by winch it is (fovided, th-At neittier arty shah keep in ser T,ee u Lak Cimiuptaiu, more than sue ves- A Ualano, more rtian one : and - on ,Uitl9-l2,rie, and toe upper lakes, more than two j to be m ined eaeh, with one cannon only ..J tk.. .11 il . . a . . . au iuai au iu oilier armed vessels, of both paries, of wbieli an exact ii&t is ifiterf.uini-t.tl i...ni.n .1.-. .1 1 . . . n ' ajifiu uisuiauiieo. iiis uiso agreed, taat H10 fnri roliiiii.'l uli.ill'L- ...1 - - - . .uui. liter. ICllli;tCU. I II 1IH duty, to the internal purposes of tAch parly j avd that the arrangement shall remafu in force 4in.il six months shall have expired, after no- lie given by one of the parties to the other of a . i ' S ia. its aeajre tuai 11 snouid terminate. Ur this arranger&tenf, useless expense, on both sides, and, what is df still greater importance, the canger of collision, between armed vessels, in Tihoseudtodi water7 whieli' was ratj isT pre- rented. '..: . . 1 1. i. ..i:.r...i:.. i ' . navciuc aiviticiivu an, lO Slate, IDE! e Cominisgioners, under the fourth artiele of th treaty of Gbeht,.to whom it was raferred decide, to which party the several islands in the Bay of Passaraaquoddy . belonged under . the treaty of one thousand seven hundred and ; -'8ntj.tbree, havn agreed in a report; by which Ml the islands in the possession of eaeh party Jjefuretho late war have been decreed to it. - ue lUoniinissioners ae.tina under th alhAr r. jcUs sf.tbe treaty ofJJheht, for the 7 ettle ttnt of bsundaries, have also been ensaeed in IDA nia.ti.. .t .-' .' j . a . - ' '5 "x xactrjBjpeejivns oat iim vspepse. aiieiunog them may be saved. A pepie Accustomed ti the usr of fin-arm only, as the Indian tribes are, will shun even moder- aa. - ' I RIP WVfkWVa tlilnal. . - f P 1 la venues, at two millions live hundred t visaed : 1 7. V u,c" ""awea oy cannon. puhticaud-at Whiiinon rnal re- i . i i. .1:. 1 ... t auu . ukiik iiiviiirnu auu iiiciaent.il receipts, at five hundred thousand ; making, in ihe whole twenty four millions and five hundred thousand dollars. - The annual permanent exnenditure fnr Mip sinking fund, to ten millions ; rnak "ng n the whole twenty-one millions eight hundred thou- am! flnlluVi I loavinn an Bn.nal . . . niha. ti... 1 'l:t' : . ... ' v-""9 "? ui vu m re- w.-v. iU c,uiiica sii , veune beyond llie expenditure of two millions vr V-Ma,L,naeP;naeil iree 'rom any-,eTen buod thoiuand dollars, cxelffatvp t obligation to, or connection with, ns, which It lhe balance estimated to be in the rreasurv 0 may not then be their interest to .'orirt on, -the tbcfirid day of January, one thousand eiirh basisofalairreeiproeity. .hundred aud eighteen. S in tne summer of the present year an expc; J,, present tate of the treasury, the whole dition was set on foot against Last Honda, by 0f the tdoisimdcCMf aiir .si a . . i vd - por.wn.eimiuS 10 aei miuer ine auinorny i ,ear one thousand eight hundred and nineteen some orthe colonies, who took possession, -of ftf,r whicMf the ptibiic debt contin ue as U Amelia Island, at the mouth of the St. Mary's now u . a,ove par, thrre will be annually nL-ut river, near the boundary of the state of Ueyr- m ,ioI19 of tbe oioki'ntf fund ua . xii U gia. . As this province lies eastward of the nfltUthe year on? thousand eight hundred ami L.t . : - a a s 'a ft . a uississippu anu is bounded uy tne uniteq. iw.t. v, wilfi the, l..hn r ...i . States and the ocean on every side, aud has eigfit hundred and twelve, and the stock erea bcen a Subject of negotiation with the govern- t(. by funding treasury notes, will be retieem raent of hpainjas an indemnity for losses by j,f . ; spoliation, or in exebauire for territory of e- qu'al vilue westward of the Mississippi, a fact well known to the world, it excited surprise that any countenance should be given to this measure by any of the colonies. As it would be dilScult to reconcile it with the friendly . rela- .11 It is also esiiiiifiteir will be discharged during the year 01 thoiisand eight hundred and nineteen," from "the Jt'roceedi of the public lands asuigned to that nljeei : after which the receipt frsm those hnd w ill FTP,... ...a lliruuil . tl;.-j .,1 . . . ,, ..... tfons esisting between the Uaitdf StuieiTiod , T"r ' V "T . .. :!".. V .' the colonies, a doubt wos entertained whether ' 41 " UMJCU 1 uus l" niau- . Ii. I,,,.! !.. .h..;.;.ai 1.- ,u. eS prrninucii.i unnuai revenue a n out tn .-.-sjio uwvu uuuivi loai uj ' l f 17 ti Ul nUT UH. . . !! I I 1 1 a 1 .'huB r..: .t,.i.. 1. , 'twenty-six million, of dollars, and learjti ....;-:.. T.o" " ......Va'-' " ",v:i circumstances which have Unn,ldedihe.n,;ives,uu""r V T , . . ' . . i iiiih 1 iiiiiiBiiiiii t-i.'"isi i 1 1111 rpi 1 isiifi ninoi uui" . I v-s 111 11 r year I..-- 0 .l. . 'UUC i )ugitiuu r sin iiu luicn mill III Ur ' Sf tn. II!'- the nriisceutioii of the enterunse. whichi . . - 3 . .. . . . u ' u have marked i as a mere private uuauthor. f ua 1 "e ;;"e."f X er. adventure: Proi..te.f and i,ttlul!t",,re llm'' f m'Ill,,n ,,f lUrsi with au incompetent force, reliance seems to! B lhe Vrfurw4 fr(,, l,,e P'partmcnt of have been placed on what inieht be drawn, in r' the .luilili.a . -force of vthe Jteverfil .. states Ut-nance or our laws, from within onr limits ; wmJ U: "U""";U -"b"1 niuureu inousann and of late, as their resources have failed, it ! men MmIt. artillery aud cavalry. Great ter of'uu-'Parl " ce-18 arme,I 1 relore. h i-phni.ii. V , (!, . I .1 - . ,,.T,. ...iui,i.i.gine coast, aud some po nts in the interior, connected with it. On ihese will the safely of our towns, and the commerce of our great rivers; from the bay of Fnndy .tn tbe Mississippi, depend. On d lies, tbereffire, should the utmost attehtion, skill, arid labor, be bestow d. A considerable and rapid augmentation in tbe value of Hiepnbtic laiidsaOireKdiTi!feir, ti,.... and other obvious causes, may heiieefi.rward : e expeeted. The ddfieulties attending earlv em., -gratiotj will be dissipated eveii in fie mot rel mote parts. Several new stale have he.-ii ad. milted into Our Union, to the Weal anduth, esabiiihej over every other portion in wl.irli thete is vacant laud for sale. In term.n.ii.. Indian iib(ililes, as must Soon be done, in a ?Jfo.djhleshape at least, tbe emigration whieh bus heretofore1-' been' great, will probably in--ereafle, and lhejdtnand f ir land, and the aug mentation iaitivaluerhe iii like proportion, the great increase of our population through out the Union -will alone produce an important effect, and in no quarter will it J)0 so sensibly felt as in those in eoriteinidatinn. -'rhi. n..ii: r- - has assumed a more marked ebarac tnendlines to us, the island being made a channel for the illicit introduction of slaves from Africa '"into the United States, An asylum for fneitive slaves from the neighborine states. and A port for staugzling of every kind. . " -. 1 Sf . A similar establishment was made, at an ear lier period, by persons of the same description, in the Gulph of Mexico, at a pi s o called Uah vczton, within the limits of the' United Slates. as we eoutend, under the eession of Louisana. This enterprise has been marked, in a more signal manner, by all the bjectiohabjo circum-. stances wnich characterized ' the other, and. more particularly by the equipment of privat eers whieh have annoyed our commerce,' and by smuggling, These establishments, if ever gaaoUsa and .measures are An improvement iu lands are a public stork, which oiifht in deposed of to the best advantage for t lie nation. The nation should, therefor, derive tbe profit proceeding from the continual rise in their va lue. Every encouragement should be giyen to the emigrants, tonsiateal with a fair competi tion which s1 ould operate, in the first sale, to the advantage oi' the uattun rather than ol individu als. Greai capitalists will derive all the bene fit incident to their superior wealth, under any mode of sale which uiay be adopted. But if, looking forward to the rise in tbe value of the .public lauds, they should have tbe opportunity of amassing, at a low price, vast bodie- in their hands, the profit will accrue to (hem, and not to the public. . They would also have the pnwer, in -taut degree to control, tlie emigration and settlement in such manner as their opinion of their respective ititereats migTTlietateTI sub- in it tbi subj etta the consideration of Congrert, that such further provision may be made in the I. sale of the puolie lands, with a view to tbe pub- , lie 1 interest, Would any be deemed expedient, as in their judgmeTit may be be best adapted to the : object.; '-:'"' 'f; r - ; .."v;;-: ''. -, ': ':' '"-. When we consider the vast extent of territo ry within ihe United States, tbegieat amount and value of its productions, the connection of its parts, and other circumstances,' on- whiek their prosperity and happiness depend, we ean not fail to entertain a high sense of the advan tage to be derived from the facility whieh may f be afforded in the intercourse between them, br memis oi goon roaus auu canals. - JtVer did ft taken to arm the whole. the organization and discipline ol the militis, is one of the great objects which claim the un remitted attention of Congress. '. . The' regular force amounts' nearly. the number required by law, and is stationed along the Atlautie aifd inland frontiers. ; v Of the naval force, it has been necessary to maintain strong sidadrons in the Mtiditerra nean, and in the. (inlf of Mexico. - w From. severai"of the Indian tribes inhabiting the eountry bordering on Lake Erie, purchas es have been made of lands, on conditions very favorable 1o the United States, and, as it is presumed, not less so to the tribes themselves By these purchases, the Indian title, with mo- dcrttroscfgstw iadncc'- " fl n it ! i ? 1 -Hi M fii ft' ! 1 'I I; 41 !1 1 ... e i v-;;1 . -V . - i ' i 4 IT' ----.;!' , - - -' .
The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 12, 1817, edition 1
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