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' : . . SeMmiemk Minerva . : - .: f- I : .1 FRIDAYj AUGUST 44, 8i8t Vol. 20. 167. RALEIGH, (N;C.) . . -r r WB'irirT.T. RT A. LUCAS. n ofSubariptwn ( Th.ee dollars' per year. one half to be paid in' advarice. N paper to be wmlinuea. ion aer. than thretfmomhs after seyear's autacrwtion be cams due, and notice thereof he be given. not exceeding1 14 lines, are inserted .1....-- r ,. .tolW i for t wentv flve cents each sub. sequent insertion: nnd in like proportion where there mher of lines than fourteen. The cash must accompany those from persons unknown to the r-tNo subscription can in any case be receivedithont payment of at least gt 50 in advance ;- and no discon " inuance without payment of arrears, unless at the option of the editor. DOMES ric. from the Virgini a tATuioT. 1 Mr. Editor, . - . In the Virginia Patriot of the 1st inst. you notice, under date of the 7th' July last, a Ro man Com fuuucl inlnnrtsw t - nd hence r.-t.pAn'fftilitnn mT'Aif he drawn, that drop a Roman coin in a Work where he re mained on duty ; o-ut I am more conclusive : l!l have na hesitation in pronouncing this pre- clous relic to be conveyed thither by De'Soto's army. 1 have not a doubt that all the other pre cious, relics belonged to his command I have many reasons for being tolerably iL i ii n i . .. " "T positive mat tue uocitnouse station on JJuck river was thu farthest northern point of Spa. nish expedition. : : I am desirous to save my country from has ty conclusion and ignorant decisions. I know somewhat of Europe, personally much of Spain, buf more of America. When the heal h and strength of a man ad vanced, in years, and in a sick; room, will, per mit, I shall endeavor to throw new lights on our morer northern fortifications. Ti J Soldier of 1775. v . ', . " res, FftOM THS VIRGINIA PfcTKIOTr I observe in the communication "vou have f.,.,,-f.,l tha fnttf Ifiatiina rhfitlf-!l(illf jtS VVCSt- .i. -. f. oone me. the honor to miert. on luesdar. eon narrs : as vat'ions in intiriu inn, miuiw . . ' " 7 " ' 'i..,..i ..a-.t.. .:Kf i. ,vnrL cerning the astviJe ctnoieetuxe, a to the flo. pu s mu tt .. ii c. ' - -r mflB Cdi tUt compositions, apart from a ed from. gradations of civil.zwl and savage . Jilera,8 recou(.;iejr f science employed on the several defences. ,, raplliCtt error in mig.aamiog lhe point for . To the best of my recollection, (for my .j.i hv .j,,, --. 11Iirii r iaMrHi s,.f djciimnts.arc not at this monn-nt accessible,) northern udvane.e. It is uluated oh the south the expression of Job, chapter XL. assonacfosr Fetdiiiand Oe'S ito extended his expedition bank of Teonesnee River, opposite the mouth lign authors have it) but which English trans. h, of which there of Flat Cretk, whieh enters reouessee on lhe Iators of the Bible render " iaketh with his oi iciwyuu f dq, a nave no uouoi inai ooiu of them were fortified towns; as the term ira plies. Bat the question, whether against man or beast is not yet settled ! James Barry, Esq. that great and injured Artist, who produced a most wonderful effect in hit unequalled' paintings,. perpetuated in the great room otjhe Society of Aits dec. Adephia London, (two whereof are forty two fenet long by. twelve feet high) has given us a very interesting simile in his picture of Or pheus rousins vivace man from a state of ignorance tor a condition of improvement, by means of the arts : . He has there- "represented Lions issuing from the forests and devouring the helpless offspring "of the human race ! this is not, however; the picture of Elkhorn : near which, and in the salt licks, of most such places,! both thp mes of t!ie. Mammoth, and the Gramitiiwrnus grinders of an animal re-sembHoK-'tlw ftlephaot, have been 'found in fopeittfU intanCe3. 1 W know enousfh of the EicpUantto be satisfied that he never did nor never could, live two winters in the woods of Kentucky ; we know that Lions are in the same predicament; and we know, also, that the com mon people of Siberia hve represented the Mammoth to be a mole, living wholly under ground, and either expiring when he worked his way into a body of sand, or dying (to use- i , wiib mj , uuiiu) uaiiuj iaiuu m inc liter ucinccu ilJ"' ) ill ion jiiuui ui nu unn iiitn On comparing the mammoth skeleton found and obtained by Mr. Peale, which has been exhibited in Europe, with the Siberian d esc rip tion of their still existing raammith andredu- into that country in 1543 4- were two journals kept in his army a private dragoon, ani the other by an oificer; thein ) and i a short dislunee, (perhaps three of high standing in his own suite military. or four miles), below the mouth of Tenche- The latter, on their return to Spain, was!'1 creek river a tne a,ne W wher Bnan.l rt il,. n,,lr rl'AU-i ! ami f iiuHppJ the fort stood stood, when in 'Madrid, in 1796-7, (fliirty! Pceive, at the same time an oversight cing the Russian measurement to English feet years after 1 had ranged some of .those coun- 1 , , m-MllM 11,13 ? and inches, there does not appear to be any .tries,) was still in preservation there. Of 1tht3D 8 ,ia,vln. ca culated before lie material difference in the size of the two. They the map or that expedii ion I have a copy; but, leR Spain, brought with him trom one of the are both of them, evidently, constructed alike ; before t bad obtahad that copv, or a kuowl- m-ost luxuriant countries on earth, the meaus both carniyoPoug, wit, the same powers of mas edge of that map and its relative journals, 1 "Ur-yjnsropagating the fruits of Spain ticatio. nor is there ,in my mind, a probabilU , had completed a map of my own. compiling, in the 80,1 of unducovered countries. Be- ty 0f either of them deviating otherwise than on a larger scale ; one which I have no rea- i tv.cc',1 f h,e mouV o Uock , River near tncJ incidentally from the course assigned by nature son yet .ti) d.iubt which satisfied mv own .11 ..Lhickasaw Town, on the north bank f; to both countries, which in the hempisphere of scrutinies, and whtW. I bate found corroborate L. enne-ssee, anu ine crossing oi mat river ny ed by my personal investigation of otar ouri-'f nf Hi,r of De Soto,s "vance, at Finey try in part ; and by an evident and bonora- Is,and n t,,e m,ust southern 6eUt the lcn !;le coincidence in truths, agreeing with the!"6880,6 iver, tne Creek War Path at the Ramschatka are not so Jar apart as to prevent a mammoth's crossing on the ice, or swimming over if the water was open. When Mr. Rembrandt reale first conveyed -tticn-fl fortified people, having emigrated 1 Hi iscatia, inconsequence of cruelties and injustice practised against them by Cortez, af ter they had' helped him inftho reduction of Mexico and Montezuma, Notwithstanding the aspect (and I believe the heart) f DeSo t was so far above, that of Cortez, that the Chickasaws permitted them to enter their fort, and stable their cavalry in their empty barracks. , In the course of that night, howe rer, or shortly after, the soldiers found a pre text to quarrel with the natives : they fought bravely on both sides j but through this treachery, the place was burnt, with the loss of many lives and horses. JDe'Soto. remained in possession, did all in his power to conciliate the Indians : and de tached farther north such troop-as, he could spare. The left of them, ho doubf, under In dian guides, whirh that - great general could not have neglected to secure in his interest, made for the head of the Muscle-Shoals, cross-1 ed the river, and fortified tenvatrrs of ground on the north bank of the Tennessee.' hrlnw tb mouth of Chowahala. or Elk river ; into which Salole, or Squirrel river falls on the cast. . . . The centre line was left as a rear ciianl and fortified themselves on the sout'i bank of the Icmiessee, below Tencheciuida river, till all was safe. ' . . The right division took the Creek warpath, which leads from the Creek country to the place where Nashville now stands; passing the head branches of E!k '"river, the upper folks of ..Dutch river, at the mouth of Rock flonse river, (where De'Soto's advance win wred,) dropping their hogs, fsequitiae signi Jfwg hogs.) in the fine range of what still re wins the appellation of the Sequitiae barn ns, PreheSding the heads of Duck river, Elk LVrACrqW and Seooitrhae riprta. a Aiaif'.ri JU tundred miles square, wliere the .Indians jave told nie, within this 'fifty veare,' many bf breed of hogs still existed ; and I have tmany killed between there and the Ap .fcuia mountains. .- ; . rri . v ' ' ' . ' . - -. 1 -itw rail certainly-be nothing txtraordk 0"J wh!J we advert to the ..Romans having I mouth of Bent Creek, they plauted a large ilis mammoth to London and set it uu in Pall j peach orchard and, some thirty years back,! msit be (probably adoptine theSiberian ideas) oeiore tne loiiy oi white speculation altered turned th3 tusks un. like those of an elephant j the names-and faceofihings, and the grand : the Siberians having stated that he went truths oriiistoncal facts,, the Indians gave throuirl, Purtli aamoliu &d' tinon mud. and hne Peadrrcfiard,-aBrheJnanie oriuifj place, with an assurance of the superiority of lay Vlght Let usexanlinc what we disco ver the fruit j and that iv still continued to pro- of this suhj0.ct, with more historical and philo pagate. sophical lights than were in the power of ruder 1 shall say little more than to, observe, on periods: the subject of western fortifications, and that ( The Bible tell us chapter XL. verse 20 without prejudice, partiality, or any thing gureJv the mountains bring him forth food," but a wish to establish truth, that t have no lst Hiieth under the shady trees, in hesitation in believin that, the ercatbulk of u f ,ka ,.wi ami fpna In page 51, vol. 2. of Lauge's travels to China, we are told that, in the mountains near carnivorous fleroqowa, "many of these beasts are seen in man ! . ' uiw, ' Some years ago, for instance, Dr. Fie-! jn,e resuit -n that, the mammoth of Ameri ming, of Botetourt, permitted me to copy a lcaan(i Siberia are the same animajs, their ha survey he had made, which is now some-( 5itgt tj,eir residence, theplaces of heir death where among my voluminous collection of pa-; nikea poor cow mired in the spring) wholly pers, ot the lortification ,near the mouth ofltie sarnet aii the rest as to the movements of results of my several enquiries. The Spanish government permitted, as understood in Madrid, fifteen cojpies only of j this important and accurate journal to be print cd for its own purposes ; . and, 5e of these, getting into the handsof ' therBritismlnistfy, was permitted to reach the English language, on similar conditions and views. It was from one of those impressions, in (he library of my friend, Dr. Benjamin Smith Barton of Phila delphia, ' that 1 inademany conclusive com. parisons, and dorived'much information. Gh. De'Soto "landed in East Florida. lbarrhed tO thp. nrpnnt ( hirksaw rnimtrv. A a. - " 'AUK fM(kfn lltltl IkAMIt y aM Aa 4. . ntlfitAl iKMh the defences of man against carnivorous ani mals; and not the delences of i - - iwrun ?1a!n' r to -f he7 intercourse1 between omfi gwi it, I .' . . .... ... iailv n,5nor bpamaws which still thtL?189' that Spanish officer,- on duty through the whole winter of 164, should Elk-Horn Creek, Kentucky River ; its con tents were something above seventeen acres, Winchester measure, and the situation a fine one for aU the conveniences of a small town. But as it applies to a system of military de fence, I must be permitted to remark that, military defence always implies that the weak est party are inside the works ; while, in this instance, give me one third of iheitv numbers outside, I should consider my enemies, prcUi ly cooped and as easily to be conquered. Tehoplkai in the Creek language, , signifies a fortified towg ; I have an 'engraven plan oi the battle of Tchoptka, 'under Gen. Jack son, in the Creek country, given to me by three old f iends among the Cherokee chiefs, against whom some years wars had taught me to guard and respect them ; one of these a Colonel and a gentleman, killed in Jhat ac tion thirteen enemies with his own hand ; an other, a M.tjor, killed ninerani a third a CJap tain (who was a boy with me in the campaign of 1776) k.lled three. ' Ttlioplka was situated in the horse-shoe bend of a river, resembling the fortifications of Elkhorn, Kentucky ; but on a much lar ger scale and more powerfully protected ; it had moreover the advantage of regular lines, laid out and constructed by the best British Engineers, across the Isthmus, which (Jen. Jackson's line confronted ; and the Cherokees were sent rounu to reconnoitre me place, ana the Apex. Near this last point, they seized a few ca noes, put their leading officers and guns into them, and the Whole brigade jumped in and swam the riverain a place "hitherto deemed inaccessible ; driving their enemy before them to meet General Jackson at their Isthmus lines this action is so well represented in the engraving, and I have had so many authentic accounts of it, that I can not doubt the accu racy. ; ':,.' '. - : .- . 1 The Elkhorti fortifications, in .point oi shape and situation, very much resonabIcth?e their tusks or hornsas to their throwing "up the ground like a mole, is mere stuff. Let any one examine the carnivorous grind er of a mammoth he will be fully satisfied of his powers to break the bones of man or beast and to masticate tree tops when they have no more delicious sustenance. AN OLD SOLDIER, &c. s '-, M1DDLEBURY. VT. JVVt lS. A Meteor. k meteor of Uncommon magni tude and brilliancy was bbsis-ved, on Friday eveniug. the 17lli -insC-by ft number of thejn hahilatils of this and the adjacent to whs. it made if appenrance, according .to the most ac curate chronometers, at -3C minutes after nine. A geatlemaii of this village, standing in his garden which inclines to the south east, hap pened to be looking towards his house, whieh was north-west from him, and was surprised by a dazzling light, of a peculiar hue, proceed ing, as he supposed, from the building. Turn ing his eyes round, he saw the objeet from which the light emanated. The luminary was then, by estimation, 35 or 40 degrees above the horizon, aud in an easterly direction from this borough. :. - It appeared of different niaenitudeito differ ent individuals. . Some affirm, that its appa rent diameter was equal to that of the full moon, which was then rising, but a few degrees from it. Others are of opinion, tbat it was not more than half as large. If either of these sup positions be near the truth, it must have been a ooay or immense nzc ; ior us i uhsucs w, manifestly, '-very" considerably. . ' Its descent.' manv imasrined. was in a risht line perpendicular to the horizon. Bat this eoold not have been. It probably, fell in a pa rabolic eurve, or in a figure, approaching suc a eore. Its veloeitv we are unable eorreetly to compute. The efilerity of its movement was soncreat, that no person,: with whom we have converted, has ventured toeitimate the length of time,' during which it , was yisibs. It.auld not have beDj atmost, mora lhaa a very few We bad heard its . appearance eonbred to that of irott in a faraaee, tbs instant ius besia- ing to fuse. .Some say, its light was imewbat different from that afforded by meltinfiron, bat that it was more brilliant. 7 1 ' Three explosions took place, 7'wUe the e'n- teor was in the heavens. Thereport wassff load at to bo heard by .most of the people ia this village The houses werf Jarred as they are fey a slight earthquake, i'he sound was thought bymeto jeiemblL that ofJieavy 1 thunder. By others iti was umpared to tho noise of three eannon discharged ia quick sue : cession. . A little before the explosions oceured, or rather before the report was heard, a brisk eintellalion, or sparkliog if the meteor was. observed. Particles proceeded from the body, and eontioued luminous, till they bad arrived at a considerable distance from it, but gradual ly growing less and less vivid, till they disap peared. Many iadividnaU saw the light, who did not eo;tho meteor. : r rsuL,. A gentleman belonging to Whiting, states, that he witnessed the phenomenon daring its L (lassage from near the zenith, till it was total y extinguished ; that he saw, it? three times, violently agitated, so, to use his own language, " as to cause it to roll over that attach agi tation, or leap, us uuik aimmisnea, ana tbat, shortly after the third, the luminary, wholly disappeared ; that at. the time of these agita tions, an unusual quantity of light was emitted, aud, that, in abuut fifteen minutes, as he be lieved, after the agitations, he heard three distinet reports. It was probably, the light sent forth at the second explosion, whieh was observed by the gentleman mentioned, who was standing in his garden. He also heard the re port, but imagined, : that not more than three minutes 'intervened between the flash and the time the sound reached his .ear. Other gen tlemen of this village suppose, that the inter-s vening time could not have , been short of five ' minutes. . Through the motion of this, as well as all o' ther meteors, is rapid, (and they have been seen to move 10U0 miles in a minute) il is well known, that the motion of sound is comparative- ly slow, passing over less than thirteen miles in " a minute. Supposing the interveoinjr time fo have been five minutes, the meteor, when it ex pleded, must have been sixty-fire miles distant from this place. If tbe interval was fifteen mi. utes, its distance must have been about two hun dred miles. We cannot doubt, that, at the moment of the ' abovementioned agitations, atones denominated:, meteoriek, were projected from the principal mass, and precipitated to the earth. Such, we ba lieve, is universally the fact with meteor, which explode in tne,. atmosphere. These , stones are usually of a globular form, and al- " wavseonvered with a blaek or deep brown lu- crustation, composed chiefly of iron. ' The in- ternal part of the mass ts of a greyish colour, 5 and of a coarse, granular texture. Chemical analyses has shown that they are made up principally of iron, sulphur, magnesia, clav,' time and sil x. These stones have fallen in1 almost every art of the globe, and of aU sizes, ' from that of a pea to that of a body of several - yards in diameter. But one instance of this kind, has to my knowledge, occurred in New- England. This is the meteor, which burst over the town of Weston, in Connecticut, in 186? i an excellent account of which was given to the public by professors Siliman aud Pings- ley. The body of it was- eompated to have been not less than twelve or thirteen hundred feet diameter. , . ' If stones fell from the meteor, which we have hastily and superficially deserib d, we are am- 9.. . .i n iir . l. . . ions to Know wuere iuey teji. e uope 10 neajr something on this s&bject from our frieuds in tho eastern part of this state, or in New-Hampshire. Should we obtain any additional information, which is interesting, relative to this extraordi nary celestial visiter, w shall not fail to com municate it to the public. The above is taken ' from the mouths of those who witnessed the" phenomonon. F.HALL. asro . V. ,t , FROM THE NORTH WEST. ST. LOUIS, JUNK 19. Manuel Lisa, esq. arrived here a few day from bis trading posts on the Upper Alu. 5 .Li. .i r i. souri, Wlin vaiuaoie earoes 01 mrs, peiiry, &o. &e - This enterprtsi'i gentleman is anx- iouto a gain extend o r Indian trade to and be yond the Rocky Mountains' Previous to the late war, his establishments extcnaea to tne Pacific side of the mountains, bat bis parties were obliged to return to the Missouri, leav ing behifid them an immense quantity .of valu able furs, in consequence of the hostility of the v Blaek Feet Indians.' We learn .hat tbe Indians who reside on the river Plait and between the rivers Missouri and Arkansas are (as usual) at War with one an other. About two months agOj a party of the ' Pawness, consisting of four hundred, met a war party of Osages in the plains, within SO or 60 : miles of the Arkansas. The advance guard of t the Pawnees made a running fight,' drawing af ' ter them the Osages into an ambuscade, formed by the main body of the Pawnees. The affair is said to have resulted in1 the entire defeat and destruction of the Osages ; one only es caped out of 48 warriors.- Our informant saw 'I 47 guns taken from the Osage. The Pawee , are also at war with the Spaniards of St. a Etu They lately defeated and killed seven Spaa- iards oat of a hunting party they met within the limit or the United States territory. Among i the baggage of the Spaniardsjthey found. eouV.il' eealed a Spanish boy, about 10 years old ; bin , they spared, intending to offer him aa A aatrtf 1 " - A:
The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, N.C.)
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Aug. 14, 1818, edition 1
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