NORTH
CAR O L I N A ;WEF. KL Y
; '.; -: i., " 'I A " I . j
t .
ADVERTISER
" Ours are the Plans f fair delightful tiifitt,
Unwafp'd by Party! Rage to live like Btothers.
Vol. I.
Tu hbpAYj April 1800,
24r
CONCLUSION Ur i Ht ulmic
ON . 1 '
Afr. Nicholas s Proportion
For repealing certain Parts of the Aft for
rarfing.aa additional Army.
General? LEt obferved, thati if
fearch after truth was ft nee rely pur
fu.ed in debate, the Houfe would
,c-: rcl ieyed f rom much.ufelefs dif-
ciillion, and the common good
would be more thoroughly promo
ted But it Teems as if long habit in
public fpeaking produced a defirt
jather tp give fome colourable pre
texts foT favourite opinions, how-,"
.rrnnoic than tav nn.n anrl
V, t - 7 - ;, - v I
manly arguments tp enlighten aftd
convmce. .' ;
The gentleman laft up had ftarted
with a fundamental y errpr, which
had diffufed its influence through
jus whole argument. To have re
garded the turn of his difcourfe. one
would fuppofe that the queftion
before trie nouie was ine creauuu
cf a pcrmancnt'Tnilitary force, when
in truth it is whether we (hall dif
band a considerable portion of the
army railed for the exprel's purpofe
thf United States from
71 v i - - - r- f- 5
an unprovoked exifting war waged
againft us by France, before we
knowwhat may be the fermination
of our jthird attempt to fecure to us
a (ohi .peace. Wc contend, 'fa id
VtCO. JL. mat j)ruucui.c, uivim aiiu
economy alike command us to make
no diminution "in our actual force
till the refult of the exifting' nego
ciation is afcertained. ; :
If the real queftiojn be this, con
tinued he, I alk. on what ground
can gentlemen neiitate in tneir uc
cifton ?; In three months we fhall
know whether the enemy conclude
a peace, or: continue the War. In
trie fir it event, the army talis oi
courfe; in the laft event, fheir fer
vices may be wanting. The inter- .
mediate ex pence will not be more
tbm 1 30, occr dollars, and fh 11 wc,
to avoid this fmall expence, properly
ftiled " contemptible," by the gen
tleman himfelf, deprive; our coun
try of the means of felf-defence ac
quired by a Jarge expenditure of our
money?.- ; ', - "" :
rfut, fays the hoa. gcjstlcrria.nj- we
believe the negociation for peace,
will fail, and then we have no doubt
the army will be held in lervice,
and anuielels expence of 2- milli
ons of dollars be thus incurred. To
prevent this, we now urge its re
duction. It is not poffible to de
clare the frtuation ff thTngs fliould
the negociation fail ; thereforcit is
not poTible?to fay now, what it
may ber proper to do in, cafe of fuch
failure the conducfto be obferved
mtifl be decided by thb exulting cir
cumftahces of the period. But I
rhefitate not in pronouncing it as
my opinion that if the public in
tereft fhall require a redutlion, or
even diJbandfTient of the army, ne,
gociation failing, fuch reduciion or
diibandment wil be made the hap
pinefs of the people would com
mand the meafure, and their happi
nefs is the fole object of the exer
tions ot thole gentlemen with whom
fhe had the pleafure of afting on this
floor, as well as of every department
of government, fo far as it was in his
power to diilinguifh their views.
The gentleman thought it ex
tremely improper in our delibera
tions, to rifpeft at all the influence
whicour conduct might have on
the councils and conduct of any
other nation, but contended thit
; verymeafure ought to e tried by
fts ownintrinftc merit. I differ en
tirely in ' opinion from the hon.
merit ber. In my judgment, ho con
fide ration, is more proper than the
elFecof our meafures on trie conduct
of the nation to "whomfuch mea
fures appJy i he knew nr other te ft
by which the merit or demerit of
our deibrationscould befo fairly af
certained thus we act fin private
life, and thus do and rniift all na
tions .act. By what " Nher , rule
ought we, or can we direct our
fteps. ' ,
But it fcems, we not only, ought
to difregard the influence of our
nieafures on our prefent foe, but
triuft fliut out too, from our deli
berations all the inftruction wFnch
Jftory Jaffords. -vf,
Tyeiearnedand releyerit tfeatclies
ch the hon. member from Sou th
K arplina edified us with, have
raivn upohi him from tae gentle
man laft- up, unmerited afperify.5
Very differently indeed, laid he; did
my mind feel under the in ftructive
illuftration. I feel the propriety of
holding up to the view of Ameri ca,
the fall of Venice, of Holland, of
humble, but once happy Switzer
land. The example of other nations
ought, arid I hope will teach us to
avoidiimjlar deftruction, by adopt
ing in time different conduct.
How then refults this hiftorical
enquiry ? Certainly, that the Uni
ted States, warned by the fall of
other nations, ought to hold faft all
her acquired means of defence, till
the eftablilhment of a folid peace,
fhall, autborize her with fafety 10
Jave her money by reducing her
cxpences.
But the fame member had been
pleaied to acknowledge that the
lyltem of defence had producea a
change of conduct xn the part of
France, but attributes this change
to our diplomatic efforts and naval
exertions. I agree with.him in part,
the ability difpfayed by our late
Envoys, and the vigilance of our
infant navy, no doubt contributed
to produce the change alluded to,
fo did aifo the raiftng of an addi
tional military force, and the other
defenfive meafures adopted by Con-
iThe hon. gentleman has attempted
to do away all the operation of the
illuftration which fell from the
gentleman from South - Carolina,
lo far as jt grew out of difference
of opinion exifting in this country,
by afferting tfiat although the Hol
landers did experience much evil
from their internal difcord, ret the
lame evils were not to be appre
hended from our; differences of
opinion. We had no Stadtholder,
nordidweafKmilate in any refpect to
the condition of the people of Hol
land. It is true we have no Stadt
holder, npr is our fituation. as a
people, much like that of Holland ;
but we are men, we are; -governed
by the appetites and pa (lions com
mon to men, and we muft expect
the fame effefl from the fame caufes,
unlefs, as was correctly epreffed
by an ingenious young member the
other day (Mr. Randolph) the ope
ration of phyfical and moral caufes
and effects were fufpended in Ame
rica. The truth is, and Iacknow
ledge it with much pang of heart,
that our differences in America arc
the fame, as to principle and ope
ration, as are the differences referred
to, and the extent of the effect will
depend 'on ' the good fenfe of the
people. For my own part, I fin-
cerely wifh they would rid the pub
lic councils of all factious men.
Thus, and thus oniyycan the evil be
arretted. Difference of opinion,
backed by pbfleiTion of power, ho
matter how named, or how dreffed,
will lead always to difaftrous con
fequences, if fuccefsfully fofttred
by an erring people, or by the in
trigaes of a foreign nation. This
truth the hon!. member would find
fully exhibited in that invaluable
book written by the illuftrious petf
lonage at the head of our govern
ment, and which work, in my hum
ble opinion, ftands firft, in all the
efforts of fciencc, to fecure and per
petuate She blefiings of liberty to
man, notwithftanding the ' mi Icon -ccived
and unmerited cenfure which
now fiirrounds it. r
It isin vain for gentlemen to treat
fo indifferently the exifting diffe
rence of opinion among us, their
own experience meets them full in
the face ; when that great and good
man, whofe picture hangs before us,
conducted the government, what
was the trial to which he was fub
mitted with a foreign agent. How
difficult did he find it, with all the
greatnefs of his character, to reprels
the intrigues of this foreigner.
Did not a difference of opinion,
ranged in conformity with exifting
differences of opinion, pervade the
continents
Were there not found many citi
zens who Openly maintained the
proceedings of the foreign minifter,.
in bppofttiop to their own chief
rha gift rate. How then an gentle
men affect C6 di fbelieve that the
people of America are liable, like
other nation to ;aljirje tliiafters
which fprihg frord faetions and fac
tious men ? ,
The gentleman is certainly cor
rect, when he fajrs, that powerful
nations coiffult too often tBeir own
will, and ntot the rules of right ; nor
carl the truth of the petition be mOre
precilely maintained than by the
example of that very natzp4now at
war , with! us. Auftria.l Great
Britain, powerful nations,5 1 dare
fay, have al fa often proved the cor
reetnefs of Jthe gentleman 's opin ion ;
but it does not follow that becaufe
thele twb i nations do wrongs that
thereforef we ought tofubmit to in
juries received fromFrance. My own
opinion s that America Ought to
guard herfelf againft injury, from
all nations dijfregarding their name
or fituatiorji l.
It has een more than once infi
huated, thlat tKe army is preferved
with a yieiv-tp turn their arms on a
part of Irje people who 4iffcr in
fentiment Ifrom adminiftratiom Is
it pofiible that fuch an opinion can
be ehtertiiped ? What evidence can
be relbrtedlto injuftification of fuch
a fentimehf ? Ought it to have been
venturedjithcJut full proof to fup
port it ? I Can any irifinuation be
more cfupf or ahfurd ? An admin if
tratiort upjformly diftinguifhed by
iovri of Ountry by zeal for the
common ihappinelSj by vigilance
and wifdom in the execution of its
duty, anil? by an enlarged and cor
rect arraignment of all the affairs pf
the nation, furely deferves .very
different! treatment. I muft there
fore fay, what 1 ulter with reluc
tance, that thefe derogating fuipi
cions muft have been experienced
in the brea tt of the member who
announced them.
Another never-failing topic, is
the militia ; and tofhew their entire
capacity id defend the country, va
rious ioftances have been cited of
their valor in the American revolu
tionary war. It is certainly grate
ful to tlifi American ear to hear eU
logiums pronounced on our coun
trymen j Jand no heart rejoices moie
than does mine in recollecting the
gallantry; pf our militia; but tho'
the militia; be equal to any trbops in
Efonal courage, and exceed all in
;lity, they want method, pa
tien'ce, obedience and combination,
without Ml which attributes no man
can be 4 good foldier. You muft,
therefore, when you picpare for
war, create a trained army. ;
We wlnt no mercenary or foreign
army, wc want our own brothers,
our own,' fons, taught to be patient,
to obey, to retreat, to advance, to
act in concert, and thus in the haur
of battl;to be equal to their enemy,
however! fih.lful. Shew rne,in any
countryj where m'ilitfa haye fodone,
until 'beaten into it by a long and
conftfintjcourfe of fervice. It can
not be done. ;
He was forry his hon. colleague
had n fed " the word mercenary.'
It certainly was not juftly applied
to our army. An army of foreigners
fighting for pay only was fo diefio;-
naled with propriety, not to an
irmy oH natives interefted in com
mon wih us all as to country and
objects, arid diftinguifhed from us
only by the receipt of pay. i If this
laft ;diftinp.ion authorifed the ex
prelliont if. might be applied to our
militia. They received pay when
in fervice.
In every view of the fubject, faid
Gen. L. I muft give the motion my
decided negative, convinced that in
lo doing I truly promote the: public
good. L
Mt Huge r (aid he role j to ex
prefs his defire, that the committee
would take the queftion. , He con
fefied be fit-d made up hik mind.
Indeed, after thetalents displayed
on the prefent queftion, he fhould
fuppofe every member had received
all the information pofiible on the
lubject, arid he could not be wrong
in thinking every gentleman had
formed his opinion. Heconfidered
the prefent itate of things! called
-upon him to vote in the negativ.
Mr. Ran d o l r h denied having
affertedj that oiir finances were n a
fituation which would riot 1 permit
the railing of more money, however
urgent jbught bethe neceflity;. But
he perftfted in declaring, that their
condition '1 was alarming, arid that
gentlemen? had, initead of offering
.proof to fupport their oppofiition to
the", refolution, perpetually reluded
the queftion - wjtiich wa3, whether
there was idangrlin the irft place ?,
and whether, In,. the feco'Cd, thefe
troops were competent to
Gentjemen could nbt even agree in
the ufe to which' tbefe troops were
to be applied. Some alTerted that
they were to act in the firft iriftance j
the militia nbt being in a ftate of
preparation; j Others fenfible that
they could not annihilate fpace 3nd
be prefent every where, laid that
the militia could oppofe the foe,
until thefe troops could inarch to
their relief.! If gentlemen were
perfuadcdLof the danger of invafion.
there was no mode to convince them
of their miftake. Mere impreffion
could not be effaced by argument
But was it true policy to expend
the " firiews of war", upon the
chance of bringing thefe men into
action? Mr. R. infifted that his
ule of the term mercenary,' as ap
plied to the army of the United
States, was warranted He denied
Gen. Lee's interpretation of die
"word, which he had declared appli
cable only to foreign troops fub
fidzed by another ftate. , Mr. R.
ftated that the original word figni
fied wages, ;jmd had no relation to
foreign or domeftic affairs. That a
mercenary army was one in which
the military art was carried on as a
profeiiion, in contradiftinction from
a militia or patriotic army$ com
pofed of citizens, without refpect to
ftation or fortune, indifcriminately
bound tadefend their country. He
declared that he had no intention of
receding from aby opinions which
lie had impreffed, but there was a
term which he had ufed yefterday,
and which (as no notice had been
taken of it) tie would exchange It
was Raggamuffin. It Jiad been ex
torted from 1 him by the characters
andj appearance of the recruits in
his I country, men" the molt abject
and worthlefs of the community,
and to their protection, faid he, we
are told to ccjnfideour Liberties aricl
Independence. We revolt, faid
Mr. R. at the idea. We hold thofc
bieffings in Contempt of their pro
tection. We hold them in defiance
of all force, foreign or domeftic.
We hold them by the tenure of that
valour which obtained them.
Mr. R. denied that this tax would
fall light upon the community. In
the tobacco country it would be
feyerely felt. The depreciation of
that important article would alone
caufe great diftrefs. If to this ef
fect gentlemen were infenfible, it
would fpeakj to them in a language
which they would be obliged to
hear, in the diminifhed amount of
the revenue drawn from the impofi s.
The confumption of foreign articles
muft be limited by the ability tQ pay
for them. The large importation of
laft year Was fcarcely half fold.
There were (he had it from good
authority) goods on hand nearly
fufficient to fupply the enfumg
year's demand. Under all thefe
circumftanes members werehooted
at for talking of economy. What
ever gentlemen might fay or infi
niiate about fpeeches calculated
to enfure popular favour, he would
never vote one hilling until he faw
the public j relburces better hul
banded. A gentleman from Maffa
chuletts (Mr. Otis) who had taken
exception tb the term, had told us
that we could not " fqueeze" the
public, without fqueezingourfelves.
Mr. R; fajid that he did not make
profeffions of uncommon patrio
tifm ; tnat it was not the leaft of his
objeftions id taxing his conftituents.
that he muft alio burthen himfelf
and his property, being of that kind
which expofed it to be " fqucezed"
on all occallons, rendered him pa r
ticularly averfe to the operation.
The member from Maffachufetts
fpoke lightl of our reluctance to
part with money That gentleman
Was eminent in a lucrative pro
feflion ; and did he too derive a
handfome revenue from talking, he
might perhaps be lefs averfe to
voting away money.
A gentleman from -South-Caror
lina, in a long detail, to which
faid he, I carinot withmy colleague
(Mr. Lee) attach the epithet of a
learned hiftory," has been fo very
candid as to allow, thatthe friends
pf the refolution (at leaft fome of
them) are actuated by pure motives
in the fupport they have given it.
I felt difpofed to thank the gentle
man for this great degree pf charity
but the burthen of obligation was
lifted from my .fhouldcrs, when he
taiKea oi mojaern pairiotum, ynicn
confifted in declamation againft
public burtheris.and a devotion to
France When it is con fidered that
thofe againft whom thefe in fin ua-J
tions were thrown, had not only!
" drawn its love of country wit hi
their mother's mitk,M but were .at-;
tached by every tie which could.,'
bind the heart of man to the foil
Which ca ve him birth, and in which
their property confifted, the com
mittee would decide upon the rruo--fives,
by which their conduct had:
beep actuated When it was recol
lected that they were fuppofed to
haVebeen peculiarly : -friendly, to thj
miffion to Fraiice, and to be highly
anxious fortiVjTuccefsj- whilftthdf
opponents 'o therirfeFolution exhi- r
bited a greater .topinefs-with regard j
to a1 compromife of difrerenceswithl
that Republic, " he. trufted that the
alarm with rcfpectcto the effect o
the meafurei under difcttflion upon
that negociation would wear, off :
Mr. R. declared that'tlthough he
had become the object of what thq
member from South-Carolina a
doubt intended as a clia'ftifemerit,
he had no reafon 0 regret it. :Kc
waSj on thecontrary.glad that he had ;
excited the geraleman's animadvcr-
fion, "lince, by that means, the com- ,
mittee had been favoured with the
very correct, luminous and conclu
iive obfervatiotjs of a gentleman
from Pennfyivatiia (Mr. Gallatin),
which muft haVe carried conviction r
to every unprejudiced mind, and!
doubtlels produce a decided appro
bation of the meafure now under
confideration. ; - j
Our people knew that there wiss 1
no immediate-dangerA They there
fore refufed to enter a fervice, into
which the indolent and worthlefs,
had been allured by the potent con-
hderation of being cloathed and fed
at public expence. As to the pro-
poial to itop the enlutments, and
retain the officers upon py without
bny nominal duty td perform, he
aciarea tnat it wouia juitiy excite
the public indignation. With thefe
remarks, he concluded by expre flings
a hope that the refolution would be.
Carried.
i The queftion was then taken, arid
it was negatived Ayes 39, noes 60 J
Our readers will recollcC tha,t after
th.s queftion was negatitcd, the opprercjf
it brought forward a propofitipn to retain the
prefent officer and men, but to ftop future
e,nliftment, which hat paltu into a law. I .
RAN AWAY, ;
On the Nightof the'd Iuftant,
'J'WO likely Negros ; the one
Fellow of a black Cemplttion, about
five. Feet eight or nine Inches high, ftrocg-.
built, 23 or 24 Years Ojd : The other,
Woman of a yellow Comjcion, add plea
fan t Countenance, abeutffie. fariie Age. It
i? probable the above Negpfewill endeavour
to get to the Neig'hbourrtoo'ol.MuifrccfboL
rough, having been purchafed ffmliliire lafb
Odaber. A Reward ot 1 went iSoitart will
be given on apprehending faid Negros, and
confining them in feme Jail tn the State fer
if delivered to ra in t"he Ne;ghborhood f
Hilifboro', the above Reward, and all reafon
able txpences paid.
ARCH. CAMPBELL, j
March 6, 1 800. -
T The Names Lydi a'id Jeffree.
- AN ACT : I
To afertain tfee Amount of the Certificate
Debt of this State.
TXT HERE AS it is neceffary to af
vv certain the Amount of the Certificate
Debt of this State, to the Ed that Pravifioft
may be made for difcharging the fame :
I. Ft it therefore encied by the Gtrtral
AJfembly of the Slate of North-Carolina, $sJ
it it hereby trraHed If the Authority' ef the
fame, That all Perfons holding Certificates cf
the Debt ot this State, mall, on or before
the firft Day of December, one Thoufa
eight Hundred, p relent the fame at the OfJrc
cf the Treafurer ; whofe Dutit-hll he t
regifter the Number, DatejKfAmount there
of, together with the Name of the Perfons'to
whom the fame (hall be made payable, iii a
Book to be by him provided for that Purppfe t
and ihe Treafurer lhall note on the fatd Cer
tificate, that the fame has been prefentel,ai4
regiftered as by thi Act directed. i:'
II. And he it further enaaei, TfeatHlt
Certificates of the Debt of this Stale, noVpWf
fcpted to the Treafurer for the PnrpbfcUf
regiftering as afcrefaid, within the Time 11
mited by this A3; thall forever thereafter ft
barreJf and lhall npfe received in any Pay
ment to the StateV or in any Office thereof:
III. And tt it further exacted, That 'it
fliati be the Duty df the Twafurer, to give
public Ntotice ot the Reijuifites of this Actlfc
the Requifites of this At U' ' rji
?, and at leafKtfigce oilier -i. :K.
in this State, witrri'tjs-die;
the Mate Gazette
Newfpapers within
and continue tne lamf at leiattiree M a iU RjZf?
IV. Provided, That thif AQ or y tllfCKr '
thereof, fhall iot be-conltrued or Aperate
rive Curreniy to fuch (krtificeiei ai Iiavr:':Mv I
by any At of thisr Stae, herctoiore bfg.n
declared raHdulertt, or retul'ed to fce.rfeceitikl 'f "Vi,
at th Trefurvj or ther CHiccs f UtUS i
l r
.' i '