North Carolina Newspapers

!.: .. i win wi tmu on in ..... ' OTATB MOT ANreTRJBUT . ' m . r Tawboroogh,Nov. 83d,!l84l. Kdito or th'b Southerner, Sir: I comaaunkate r herS letter from D. K. McRac, Esq., In reply to one addressed him by roe, several week mce. I did not retain a copy of my letter to Mr. McJtta, : but its nature purport generally wdl be readily i indicated by the character of his reply. ! ; . Yours, 4c., , ; . .. ; WM. F. DANCY. . ... , KnraroK, N. X OcVttnd, iWt. ' ; Mt Dear Sir: I haT bow the first leisure lima ',' tinea the receipt of your ratter eaking my via a l on political questions now of groat interact to Ota .8tate,to make you a reply. Our Ion eoqoain tance the relations of personal friendship which ' bate alwaya subsisted between a and the fact that vre bar ever ban active members of the seme, po . litical party; prompt roe, without hesitation, to com , ply with your wishes; and having no political aspi ' ration togratify having voluntarily yielded an Hon- Creole ofitce into the bawd of the administration, ' and being altogether dsireu of tktotino mymtf en- ttreiv la my project, I am enabled to cojamuni ' eate with you m entire frankness and sincerity. The present condition of North Caroline is well cak-ula. tad to excite our livehwsft ooncero. She evidently ot advancing In nrosperitv at an vowel pace with bar stater States, North and South. Me has enter d a system of Internal improvement, which, tn yet, nobis out no prom we of recomnenst and source r hope of stability. The rei)rods, whik they are of , greet convenience and advantage to the public, are ; o fcr a dead loss to the stoekhoder--ewTt proper ty is depreciating in vW -wr people, whose te aowrces no wr as they are developed are qnite limit d oar Steie bonds YmjIow par railroad mock un saleable and unproductive oar revenue system un certain and ill arranged, and ft weceesity of mcrea. 4 taxat on may well inspire s with every son of Sort Carolina, ith apprehension and alarm. How may the State he extricated from this situa tion and placed on the road to prosperity is a ques tion of the first importance and happy will he be who win strike out tor her a method of escape. At a caucus of the democratic party which sat iu Convention at Raleigh in May 1S52, 1 called their at tention to the unjust and iniquitous system of squan dering the FCRUC USDS, which was robbing North Carolina of her interest therein which was in utter violation of the principles regularly set forth in the national Conventions of the party, ai.d I pointed out the prospect of a speedy and entire loss to North Carolina of this valuable inheritance. That Demo eratic Convention in that caucus then rejected the resolution on this subject reported by the Committee (which was in substance from the Baltimore plat form,) and resolved " that in view of the settled policy of donations and the impossibility of main- teining the old democratic doctrine it was altogeth er right that a fair distribution of this ettwunon property thould be had among all the State." Subsequently, the democratic party in the Legis--lature of 185 2-53, resolved in substance, ' that if this system of squandering was to continue, North Carolina should, in common with the old States, as sert her claim to her rightful portion of the public domain." This resolution was introduced, by Mr. Bynum, an excellent democrat from Northampton, and was voted for and advocated by such good dem ocrats as Gen. R M. Saunders, Mr. Dobbin, at that time the party candidate for the U. S. Senate, Mr. Saml P. Hill, of Caswell, Mr. Thos. D. McDowell of Bladen, and indeed, by most of the leading demo crats in the House of Commons. Thus has the demo eratie party in this State on two occasions committed itself solemnly and with deliberation to the doctrine of distribution, in view of the departure from the national platform by democrats of the land Statt , and the certain loss of the whole of the public lands to the State of North-Carolina. Every consideration which could have prompted such policy, has greatly strengthened since the par ty in this State took the positions I have referred to. The strength of the land tquanderert in Congress has greatly increased. At. the last session of Con gress the "Minnesota bill," giving about ten millions of acres of public lands to corporation for railroads in Minnesota, Alabama,. Mississippi, Arkansas and Florida, passed both houses of Congress over the ve to of President Pierce ; and such is the power of the combination, that this conservative cherk, which was the last sheet anchor of the Southern non-land-holding States, is powerless for their protection. Not only is the Northwest clamorous for the spoils, but Southwestern democrats have united in the cry, and a plan is now well matured as soon as Kansas, : Minnesota, Oregon and Nebraska shall be admitted, and thereby an unequivocal power secured in both branches of Congress, to teize boldly upon all the public lands, and give them to the States in which they lie, and the Territories as they become States ; Rhathusby one daring act of robbery, to sweep Rway every interest and right we may have in this valuable estate. Neither honesty nor justice will impede or prevent it The decree has gone forth, Rnd nothing can avert it but our own prompt and , decisive action. I feel that this question of the pub lic lands is at this moment a far more important one than that of slavery, and a much more practical one. Upon the slavery question we have nothing more to. hope from legislation. Free States have been the result of every compromise we have accepted. We , now rest on the doctrine of popular sovereignty, as embodied in the Nebraska-Kansas bill ; if this be palpably violated, the united South must determine on her course. Should any sudden cause disturb the relations of the States and dissolve the Union, a ' vast property will have been secured by those who will then be oar foes indeed, it is a solemn v'ew of the landuestu n, that all these donations of our mutual property is building up in power and strength one side, to the impoverishment of the other On theJaod question there is yet something to be done by legislation. If the South and Northeastern States will unite in claiming a fair and equal distri bution of a portion of this common domain, among all the States, the claim would be recognized ; it is their refusal to receive, which strengthens the ad" ersary, and at this time so needy is the West, and BO eager for further assistance, that even the will go for this general distribution. But in a very short time the preponderance of representation in the Sen ate and House of Representatives from the land States, will enable them to do as they please, and then will be fulfilled the prediction of Mr. Benton, and all this common property will be forever loeL .The policy of giving away these lands is not a new one. They have been squandered under all admin- ' istratioDS from Mr. Jefferson to. the present, in do nations of swamp lands, school lands, &c, the whole system having ever been one of fraud and robbery against the constant protest of the South, made at says, but made without avail, and now or never, must be made the last struggle for an equal particC pation by all the owners in this common fund. It is startling, but it is the troth, that up to this time more of the public land has been given away than has been told. The Congress of 1849-'60, alone, vgaveraway fifty-four, millions to certain States, of which Louisiana received seven and a half millions oC acres, under the name of swamp hinds, but in reality covering much of the very best lands in the Western States. Two of the old States, Kentucky and Connecticut have built their deaf and dumb as ylums put of donations of lands made by Congress not of lands lying in their borders, but located in Alabama, Arkansas and Florida. The cities of North Carolina are heavily taxed for, their deaf and dumb asylum, and also for the as ylntn for the insane while noble monuments adorn toe Weatern States, monument at nnm -v.- 1 efite conferred by these donations, and of the par- tislity made.' " -JwWej Willi WnitCn thav hatev - - - " smwwj VVCU There are twenty States and twtf Vlili 1 baa been granted up to 1884, without the payment.) V ne ?n'for them the amount of one hun- area ana tnirty-roar millions seven hundred thou Rnd acres of public land, in which North Carolina bad as equal an interest as any of them. Illinois reerived fifteen millions, Louisiana ten "millions, Michigan ten minions, and Ohio, Indiana, Iow and Wisconsin in similar proportions. mth these lands converted into money, and got teuao cheap only for the asking, they have estab lished school, universities and seete a? government roads, canals, and daf dumb and Insane asylums; their whole borders a.w permeated with lailroafs ana rocadamised tumpikes oapitola, ayhirHlid W Jhelr architectural struoWeto gratir th nrkle 1 thitit own asylums for the bereft led unfortunate, oapa cioua and beautifully 'bnatrated.v vornamtnt tbvtr towns, while aUbranoaa of. lute pledge tlrrtl jWtr Ji ana protection anaer ine lorty uttintaoi extensive universities, academies and achoolhouHes. What wonder is it, then, that it is called the "mighty West?" what wonder that ita pnpuUtitm swells, that lis representation in Congress inoi , and that alt; the elumvfct of prosperity gather in (is ur derafv What wonder on the other hmul, thai with t population stagnates, our reprcsvtitali'tu grows maH7twl propmani1mpmmeil ale slow ehd difficult. On the na batd aft the pttbltc Stale works, build ings and institutions are erected ,and support." by donations from the general government, while we are obliged to tax ouraclvea for theself-sne otitis or go without them ; and evr-n or wry subject of taxation ai drawn away to fill the prosperity of the West, by the very sus whWh ntduce our w dine. THIS BAI.Y1WORK PtAWVKM. Kver since IMA, the lycmoeHtle party in it eral convenes passed R Veaolu'toA in lwtane " That the public lands sre the -common property all the States that they Sre heM by the genml gov-rninvent "in trust to be wvM and Iheiv profits placed In the public treasury and thw appropriated to the common tanefit, by defraying the expenses or the government." T have oftwi Voted Rw "ibis to lution and approved ft till !tw it deserted by dem ocrats from all seHions of the country t that indeed the rtry wmV's WouM WM direct ftW 1UI more to Washington Oity and vote for the lar gest donations to State and private corporation of this eery ld, "in tter violation of tho intent and meanJftR as well as the lettef of the resolution. When is I supported tien. Cass by speeches m ner ta-enty counties ot this State, I advocated the cause of ft democrat who had given his aid and support to every application for land donations in the Northwest. Mr. Douglas long my favorite for the Presidency, and the second choice of the demo cratic party of this State in 1852, had built up Illin ois by these donations and voted for nearly nil the rest When the democratic party in Congress made Mr. Boyd Speaker of the House of Representatives they -voted for a man who had introduced and advocated a bill to give all the lands to the Stales in which they lie, for a mere nominal price. ' ' ' Since then Jefferson Davis, Houston of Alabama, the Democratic Chairman of the Committee of Ways and Means indeed, the whole Democracy of the land States, have fled forever from the Baltimore platform have advocated and taken the benefit of land donations. Mr. Perkins of Louisiana, a favor ite of Gen. Pierce, and to whom was committed by the State Department, to reform the Diplomatic and Consular system, introduced a bill but little differ ent from Mr. Boyd's, by which the whole of the land was to be absorbed by the States in which they are situated only he postponed for ten years the com pletion of the iniquity. Mr. Andrew Johnson, just elected Senator br the democratic party of Tennes see, not only has favored these gifts of land, but has even gone far beyond, by advocating a proposition to give away at one lunge, one hundred millions to individuals, natives and foreigners, who choose to settle on them and call them theirs. The Cincinnati Convention which nominated Mr. Buchanan, broke down the Baltimore platform on this question, and passed a resolution to build the Pacific Railroad out of the public lands, by giving the necessary amount a hundred millions of acres or more to cbrpoiations or one mammoth compa ny, and Mr. Buchanan acquiesces in the measure and supports it. . Orthodoxy.' In no State out of Virginia, North Carolina snd South Carolina, is the opinion of a democrat on the land question, made a test of orthodoxy. It is man ifest that he who clings to the Baltimore platform on this principle, hues a ehost. a phantom, that melts before his eyes; and those who profit by our action, laugh in their sleeves at the folly of our sim plicity and credulity. ' I put this question, and a satisfactory answer will change at once my convictions. Why should the children of Ohio and Illinois and Minnesota and Iowa be educated out of the mutual property of the several States, given to them by the common trustee, and the children of North Carolina go uneducated f . , , i . Railroad Dosatioxs. ' All the important Railroads of the West have been constructed by these grants of land, and individual subscription and State aid have done little or noth ing. This system has been justified on the ground that the alternate sections reserved sell for double, and thus the government loses nothing ; that as a prudent proprietor the government does right to give away one half to double the value of the other. 1 A more artful bait was never set for any gudgeon, and no trout was ever more caught by "an artificial fly than were those Southern presses, and Southern leaders who darted at this suggestion. Has any man in North Carolina been ever asked to give away one-half his land to double the value of the rest? Do railroad companies go through a man's land with us scot free on this principle? Or, are there no prudent proprietor among our sturdy o?d farmers ? It would take a long argument to con vince any of them thus to diminish their broad acres. A grosser fraud was never attempted. I take the case of the Illinois Central Railroad, and this is the most favorable case : The number of acres received by this compsny amounted to 2,593,093 acres; reserved at double price 1,223,921 acres. The land granted to the road was worth at government price, five millions two hundred and forty-one thousand two hundred and ninety-sit dollars, and if the whole of the reserva tion sold for double the government price, it would fall short of this sum more than one hundred thous snd dollars. But I say to'vou, without fear of truths ful contradiction, that the whole of the reserved sec tion have never in a single instance brouaht the double price. Indeed, the Company usually absorbs in iU alternate sections the best land, snd the re serve thus cut off and of the worst, far from bring ing the double price, is injured in value and does not bring the original government price. The people have no idea of the corruption of this system, or they would not be blinded by this delusion. But if it were true thst these donations improve the remaining land and indemnify the government, would not a donation to North Carolina, in freeins her from debt, and enabling her to complete her works, tend to improve her property, build up her Kpulation, and greatly increase the levenue to derived from her by the eeneral government t The argument sustains distribution ss well as the other system. ... lON8nTcnoNALTnr or Distribution. The opponents of distribution ssy that . it is nn nstitutional. Without claimino to find the to distribute in the clause authorising Congtess to " dispose of the land," &c. I answer, the land ha ocen uistriDutcd trom the earliest periods of the gov ernment; only it has been partially and unjustly distributed. But I find the power to distribute ex actly where Mr. Jefferson found the power to ac quire territory . there is no constitutional rieht to aenuire ten-fin. ry, so said Mr. Jefferson when he purchased Lonisi ana; yet be derived the power from the necessity of me case, ana ne was sustained hy the democratic party throughout the oountry. i A necemitp equally as urgent and pressing demands distribution. The land system has become bv all authoritv a soured of the tnost iniquitous corruption, consuming much of iue nme oi every. Congress, prolonging its sessions, increasing its expenditures, producing log rolling, lobby canvassing, bribery and all sorts of dishonest combination: But the overpowering necessity is, that this valuable domain, r common property,; which all have contributed to pay for, and which be longs alike to all. is melting away, is being distrib uted to a part, and the balance of, the, .owners left wholly without it benefits. ' . Again : this land fund is now no longer needed for the expenses of the government. It is now ascer tained, that the lower the tariff is reduced, and the more cioseiy ine revenue basis is approximated, without going below it, the larger will be the reve nue produced, fcacb year, since 1846, there has been an increasing surplus, and immense sums bare been locked up in the public treasury to the great Injury of commerce and mann.fai.tnri ThJo ..n and the necessity 0f soma policy to avert the unjust Cj.niMk- V'ajMataAa-i&Miifct ao-gsafaiiiWn; mMateMisiiima&? jftjiiAi distribution, ha,lnaugujaa principle far worse, tn fair iktriiUti f th h U-f. I mean drttotmto :.wW all the Democratic- - - r - . . ' -L kLU'll..... Jl. iwihIum r bom thta tttala Atlt oomittfvd vtiwee m vr vwiai wres ----- mi i i(iA.j5 rrtthuaiiftliaba" any thine- alse titan trlbutttfi 1t& a iwlkW thtt mom dangttrous to Str?s I rlts4yarSt-a im.Hy. .IMJm naral goveVnv rnant bewMtiea a Uifoiw (ha titales, boi rwVisaroaring of cannon and the sounds of Martial Music, era of their own fundJ ami as a tsinptallon to fi e- The pKseion which had been formed was a very uni and MtmetWMirV Ion It, tliev al not to pay Interest, are only mutelly bound tur ths reimburse' ment of theluan. . .v, u" ".,!,'U .'i : HtippuM North CsrttilnVwaa ealUdtiban toy trt fe.t hek the aitm (limuailod In IsHH thst sum lo realore it r M pmHale, wnat wma ueccime vi Iter emmimn wm yiKw in thbt avent ? And yet, evordlng l Ui w litolid f ilqmil, the event is likely and hibhV , TU ym is t .narUncs uriih SUtettghUaMdStaiadlguUy. . If, however, no in leteat la tu be ehhl, snd ne money la never to be veiled bv and not to he refunded, then a democratic paper of this 8UtwldvlY eit vitiated and highly re RpwlaWe ludh lir Iha aUUUy with which it is con ducted and the imkpvndenro of it Kditora, I mean the Wilmington ..rW, said truly, " deposite is the same tiling a distribution," and to pretend oth erwise la a wiver ml dwell. . . ttut it U said 4htrihtlon i wroki6--that ine measure Is oead and cannot be revived. The same may be said of all measures, if no effort be msde. Hut let u see the facts. Mr. Bennett, of New Voik, has twice introduced a distribution bill, not vviy fair in ita details, into the House of Repre sentatives. Once, if I am not mistaken, it passed that body. At another session it commanded a tie vote. At preent, there is no doubt if the South unite, a bill will pass. The action of North Carolina could uroduce it in the House and in the Senate. The non landholdiug States have a majority, and they. are vitally interested to pass thw measure; and jt is not to be supposed that the present Chief Magistrate of the nation, who approves the building of the Pa cific railroad out of the public lands, would inter pose the executive veto upon a bill fairly distribu ting among the several proprietors their common property. This is at thie time a vital question to North-Carolina. She has a debt and liabilities Of near ten mil lions of dolbrs. She has a system of railroads com menced but not finished, and which in their incom plete condition will produce no revenue if the)' keep up and pay their debts, while the stock of some of them is selling from 25 to 30 dollars in the hundred. The taxes upon the people amount now to more than five hundred thousand dollars, besides specific debts for which certain counties have bound themselves, and ihcte taxes must of necessity be still further in creased. .The people cannot fore long time bear this taxation with their limited resources. Within the next two years provision must be made to pay a large amount of the principal of the debt; and this must be done by additional taxation, or a renewed loan. The former is impossible. No Legislature would pass a tax law to draw in one or two years a million and a half of dollars; and the people could not support it if it were passed. A new loan from Peter to pay Paul is inevitable. The example hav ing already been set, of borrowing at more than 6 per cent., by a corporation in this State, she cannot hope to issue her bonds at that1 interest and effect a Sale, and if she issues them at a greater interest, the securities now out will be further depreciated. The people have then to look in the face, a taxation with in the next two years of from six to seven hundred thousand dollars a year. Mow is it to be levied ? In these limes of panic and pressure it will be a bur densome draft upon the hard earnings of the people ; and I greatly fear it will drive population and prop erty out of the State. To the friends of extension I would say, can any sane man suppose that another dolUr will be given by way of Slate aid, to any work in progress or to be begun ? Although a strong internal improve ment man myself, always favorable to a judicious system,, and earnestly desiring to afford to our far mers every facility to bring their produce' to market, I cannot hoie for further State aid, and I do not see how the people or their representatives can make it "P-. The Rexcdt. What then do I proposer I propose that Con gress snail withdraw all the public lands in the Ter ritories from sale for ten years : to issue land war rants in sections and .quarter sections &c., to the governors of the several States according to their federal population, for two hundred millions or thereabouts, the number still remaining undisposed of in the land States, perhaps two hundred snd fifty millions which warrants will be subject to sale like the soldiers' land warrants, and located when sold by the purchaser. This plan will get rid of the diffi culty about one sovereign holding domain in the lim its of another, and about the taxation of these lands by the Stales in which they lie, for the title will re main in the general government till the location. The Treasurers of the several Slates will hold tho warrants in market, and no new olhcer will be need ed. By this means immigration will be confined to the States, and our population prevented from scat tering over the wilderness. Thus the necessity of expensive territorial governments will be avoided The larger expenses of the Department of the Inte rior may be reduced; and what is of vital impor tance to us, the present near equilibrium of the Se nate will not be disturbed by the continued intro duction of free States. . If it be said that so much land thrown into the market will become worthless, I reply such is not our experience. The soldiers' land warrants always commanded fair prices, and sold readily. I do not remember the precise amount sold in about five years, it could not have been much below one hun dred millions, and during the same time railroad companies were selling largely ; and the general gov ernment also. I think about twenty-seven millions of acres were sold in two years of Mr. Pierce's ad ministration ; at this rate, it would not require ten years to sell the whole. Besides, no State would be disposed to sacrifice its warrants, for if they could not be sold at fair prices, they could be held as a fund to meet the States' indebtedness, and thus the credit of the State would be preserved and her bonds kept at par; while at least enough could be sold from year to year to make a valuable sinking fund. The government will still have left twelve hun dred millions of acres in the Territories to meet any exigency, and Jong before this is exhausted we shall probably have acquired as much more. - -- Amount or North-Carolina.. - By such a distribution I calculate North Carolina would receive from twelve to fifteen millions of acres. This sold at even a dollar an acre will yield enough to pay her 'debt, to double her school fund, and then allow for extension of railroads three or four mil lions of dollars. Now will our people longer hesitate? The ques tion is now1 more than ev,er alive. .Tis is the ac cepted and the best time. There U . no organized opposition to the Democratic party, indeed there is but one party at the South. No harm can come of a discussion of this question." If a candidate were to place himself before the people for Governor on this issue in the old-fashioned way, before caucuses were invented, whst matters it? A democrat would be elected anyway. For my own part, I wish some practical farmer, a Democrat, would take this issue in hand and appeal to the . people upon it I find leading Democrats in every county endorsing it; it only needs organization, a press and a leader, to se-j cure its triumph in the democratic party. ' : ' ' There is no better opening for a young man of tal ents than to take charge of a paper at Raleigh ad vocating this issue a sufficient fund is already in hand to place such an enterprise beyond danger, and a commanding subscription list -could soon' be'ob- tained for a democratic administration paper on this basis ' -""- 7vU".-' It is my solemn belief that a more vital issue was . nerec presented Ita success would convert our con dition from thraldom to ease and independence it would be done out of our own property. . Our chil dren would be educated free schools would multi ply and flourish -our system of railroads' he com pleted. 'Then might1 we see the tide of emigration stayed ourtrepresentation in Congress increase our population .and resources develope; and every son Rnd daughter of North-Carolina might point with pride and joy to her prosperous and happy Condi' tionj I am$ my dear sir;' very truly your friend and obedient aeryan-;.,, m, " ..' ,..',viV'; ' .f:,t 'sDu- K. McRA. .To Wb. P. Daoey, Ssq j of Edgcombe County. I 3 U WatamdN ifaxout l3 Vcloclt amid the lUllg uu luu uiujwturin niip minmi uumw... House. Lieut. J. Daniel, was first Marshal oi ine ,dy, J. W.JI. UiU, W C. Opry, an fit!) Fau 'evtt,' assistants ; as they had' graded through the principal streets, they were now disbanded, and were UeeVaiitb leie'ae4letoil trfTr1)eiW ful ladies of our County in the Court House. The meeting was organized by .the sppointmerft of Dr. M. Ponton, President, Mr. J.H. Fenner, Dr. U. A. Wilcox, snd Mr. Isaac Faulcon, Vice Presidents. Mr. J. B. Batcbeler. led the vari' in the speeches made on the occasion, and was followed by Mr An drew Conigland, Dr. M. A.. Wilcox. -and the Rev. Thos. G. Lowe, and as they are all Well known to our readers, it is useless to say that their speeches were very interesting and appropriate. ' Mr. Edward Conigland, being called upon, replied in a few very interesting remarks, and being one Of the committee on invitation read 'he following letters from gentle men requested to deliver the oration of the occasion : -''"' .. "V Raleio'b, Nqv.j,21st. j8o7. To the Committee of Invitation c; . . Gsntlemen: I. have received your invitation to be present at the Centennary celebration of the in corporation of the ancient borough of Halifax.' I regret most sincerely- the necessity which con strains my absence and forbids me the pleasure of meeting my fellow citizens of my native county, on the interesting occasion.' '' There is no spot in the State which deserves to be more hallowed, for its revolutionary teininiscences, than Halifax town. -' ' ' . Bolder counsels may have been earlier organized in one other County ; but a more ardent or united patriotic feeling was no where In the State, 'earlier or more strongly felt, or more freely and fervently declared then in the County of Halifax ; and -the town of Halifax was the head quarter of that feel ing and expression. From the beginning of the struggle to its close, the County was no place for British loyalists. The spirit of Independence diffused itself speedily among all classes and both sexes; but nowhere was it more brilliantly exhibited than among the women ; and Earl Corn wall is honored not more his own. high fame, thau be did the purity of their character, when, near your town, he shed the blood ol bis own men iu arms in defence of their virtue. Very soon after its corporate being, it became cele brated for the retinment and hospitality of its citizens, and for its rapid growth and prosperity. Its central position and security against interruption, and the united sentiment of that portion of the colony, ren dered it a highly tit place for the convention of a patriotic people assembled to declare and publish the the great charter of their liberties. The Constitution with the Bill of Rights as a part which was ushered into being at Halifax . on the 18th day of December, 177C, is a work of the highest merit, as a synopios of the true fundamental principles of a conservative republican government As a fabric of well proportioned. parts and just sym metry, furnishing at once a barrier against the law less power of the few, and the lawless I centkmsness of the many, and at the same time stfotding' full fieedom and ample security to all, it is an admirable production. And if we consider the times in which it was framed it is, as a model of practical wisdom in Government, adapted equally for peace and war, for the future and present, alone sufficient to endear to freemen the memory of the spot on which it was conceived and presented to the world.. . The town of II'i lifnx, a thai tpof, fniut alway be a hallowed place in the memory of Korth Carolina. - Among the most distinguished of the distinguish ed champions who drew their swords in defence of that constitution, during the hours of its perils, was Gen. Davie, a man who then by bis brilliant achie vements in the field and afterwards by his useful and efficient services in the public councils, has ador ned the history of the State as few others have done. At the close of the war he found a wife among those charming whig ladies, who abounded in your vicinity, and settled in your town, where for more than twenty years he was the chief of the distinguish ed men of the place, and as its able and faithful re presentative in the Legislature of the State for many years, be was ever without R rival in his influence and eloquence. As a just tribute to his eminent character, allow me to offer for the occassion, 1 The memory of. Gen. . Wm, IL Davie As a Pa triot, Soldier. Statesman and Orator, his fame is writ ten on the brightest pages of our history, and is ' among the richest treasures of the State. - r I am gentlemen, with sentiments of high regard, Very truly yours, B. F. MOORE. Enfiklo, Nov. 2nd, 1857. Gentlexer : I have bad the honor to receive yours of the 31st ultimo, inviting me to unite with my fellow citizens of the Town and County of Hali fax, in celebrating on the 21st inst., the centennial ' anniversary of the Town, by the delivery of in ad dress sppropriate to the occasion. While I highly appreciate the kindly feeling which prompted your invitation and tho distinguished honor conferred on mc, I trust that you will approve my motives for declining its acceptance. '' I have been so long out of practice of delivering such addresses thst I distrust my ability to meet your just expectations, or to do justice to such a patriotic causs. Be assured how ever that my heart will be with you in honoring our common mother. For to the citizens of Halifax I feel that I owe a debt of gratitude, which will be re, cognised to the latest period of my existence. V . Yours truly, JOHN BRANCH.. To W. J. Hill, E. Conigland, Esqrs., and others, Committee. Forewarned, Fokearxed. We submit, without comments, the following extracts from the money article of the New York Herald of Wednesday. .The Southern people will seethe game on foot to ' saci ifice them utterly, and" will, no. doubt, take the proper measures to meet the emergency and save their threatened interests : -? ., ; ; -; The Manchester (England Chamber of Commerce., are opposed to any interference with the Bank actl-ij-; They think the rate of discount low enough, consi dering that they have no stocks ot cotton on hand ; and as letters-from there say, the crop grown in the' United States lays at our feet. We can. fix the pri ces we choose to pay, and you roust accept them or go without, ot we intend to male the South pay for -our low at the. North, and are advised that the crop . will be the largest ever gathered." -' We suppose cot-' ton will keep snd if our trans-Atlantic cousins are in ' the sulks, the cotton planter can afford to wait un- til they recover their equanimity, and comejtojhjsir., planTalion ah'3 'tolicit a little material to Imp their spindles in motUmJi A A 1 u.BJn. - Postscript. The news' frort England, foreshadowed above reached this city late this evening.'' It confirms , what Was generally talked about fn the street during the day. The Bank of England charter has been suspended, and an unlimited - issue of small notes 1 unauthorized. Numerous ' failures had occurred . throughout Great Britain, arid the panic became so alarming soon after the departure of the Atlantic? that the government was compelled to step forward; to the aid of the bank and the merchants. Among', the failures is to be found the City Bank of Glasgow, announced by the Atlantic. There had been a very large decline in cotton from two to three cents per. . pound for five days preceding Friday, the' 18th inst. ; but on that day the market improved one cebt' and a half. There had also been a decline in bread stuffs. . t.iH 't:;f, ' ! IP! II II I. 7f Oyster Pie. Line a deep pie plate with pie crust, . fill it with dry pieces of bread ; cover it over with ' puff paste ; bake it to a light brown, either in a quick : '.oven or bake oven or bake pan. Have the oy store -..Sfewed just by the time. the -crust is done; take off ' -the -upper crust; remove the pieces of bread ; pot in the oysters: season ;them with salt, pepper, RftdV, "butter. A little walnut catsup improves the pie, but isnoteaaenuRi: cover it wtta the crust. ;.;' T Celebration leveO- cttisef or.URUlajin pps SSfte, oraiea Rjinfier-artffif (be jnoorfen&n jfetS ancient iL "t uDorssiin.vi ajb juqiist oi vttiaascruv YJmronAn From Utah I The Tsritort Declab- f1RW4D lllDRDBT .HAM! Mr. FOW- erpstenHr tyt f?' j-&ight, from CsH- XSe pad cqGtMaen in Ulan witn one arson sold rs, an jusbman. tie rarer fcUterJermsitbe Ctmentthe Mormons had received in Illinois and Missouri, reflected on the injus tice and tyranny of the people of the United States, and said that the time was come to get even. .He said they were on their Way to meet Gen.' Harney, to see what he was coming for. " Ifhewaccoyning peace ably we will let him come,out ff not, we will drive him back," were the words used. Another Morman named ITilliiiii an nlil men eslm tin's altfitfl Hifn i from Salt Lake City, spoke b'tterly against the United States, denounced Judge Drummond and all the federal officers, end rejoiced that the time bad come .when the Sainta would be revenged on their enemies that men were' found who could face the enemy, and that Harney, with his 1 2,500 men, nev er would reach Salt Lake City. Ho also stated, that Governor Brigha'rri Young had ordered the people to prepare for war ; that they should not sell emigrants sny thing; thst they must lay up provisions ; that the men Rnd women must not .dress up in store clothes any more ; but that all must be saved to for ward the cause of (be church against the common enemy that the ' men must be content with bock skin instead of broadclotch, and bave plenty of guns and atnnnition , . , t ,: On the 17th. of August, passed tbrnagh the city of Salt Lake.' ; Remained only three or four hours. Had a conversation wjth a merchant a Gentile who stated that on the previous Sunday Brigham Young had declared, in the temple, that henceforth Utah was a separate snd independent Territory, and owed no obedience of allegiance to sny form of laws but those of their own enactment, and called upon the people to stand together and support him in maintaining the -cause of God and the Church. Was told that the house of Gilbert and Garrison had or ders from Brigham to padk up and leave before the first of November. Left for Washimgton. The Hon Thos. Ruffin left this morning for Washirgton City to enter on his Congressional labors which will commence next Mondsy. He is enjoying fine health and never was in better condition, mentally or physically, for the discharge of the arduous duties that necessarily devolve on every Representative of the people who consults their interest and his country's good. Not withstanding Mr. Ruffin, during his stay among us, confines himself closely- to his office, his absence will be deeply felt by a large circle of friends to whom be has endeared himself by his uniform ur banity and acts of kindness. He will give a good account of himself in the councils of the nation ; nor while in them, so far as one voice can avert it, need bis constitutents fear that theit rights will be infringed or their liberties curtailed. In common with all his constituents, we wish him a pleasant time while absent, and a banny return to the society of his frnd-Goldsborouah Tribune. - Small Pox. We learn that the Small Pox is pre vailing at Wadesboro' Anson county. The mail rider from this place was not allowed to enter the village, guards having been put out in order to prevent the disease from spreading. The latter part of last week there were six cases, but we have no doubt that with proper precaution, the disesse will be checked. It wss carried to Wadesboro we learn, by a gentle man who bad been to New York. Charlotte Dem ocrat. W. R. Cox Esq. We understand that this gent'e man has determined to remove to Raleigh, N. C, and started for h's future home yesterday evening. Mr. Cox is well known in this community as a young lawyer of much promise and considerable experience in his profession. Whilst we in common with al! his acquaintainces regret his departure among us, we congratulate tbe citizens of Raleigh on their acquisi tion; and to the democracy of that region we would say, they will find Mr. Cox firm and unswerving in the faith and one who has seen some service. Nash ville (Tennenee) Union. Later from Europe. Halifax, Dec 3. The steamship America, from Liverpool, with dates to the 2 1st, November, arrived here to-day The political news is of little importance. The America brings $125,000 in specie. Breadstuff's are dull. Consols 89 to 90. The cotton market closed dull, and nominally at a decline of one-half to three quarters penny. Money is essentially unchanged. Heavy failures had taken place in England. The house of Peabody & Loud had been in difficulty, but had been relieved to the amount of a million of pounds sterling by the Bank of England. Tbe mo ney pressure in England was undiminished. The continental markets were improving. Another unsuccessful attempt had been made to launch the Leviathan. Liverpool, Nov. 21. Since the sailing of the steamship Fulton, cotton has considerably declined. Breadstuff's are slightly lower. Money is active and unchanged. Consols ate he'.d at 90'.- Norfolk, Dec. 1. Ex-President Pierce end lady arrived here this morning from Baltimore. They will be the guests of S. T. Sawyer, Esq., till the sail ing of the U. S. steamer Powhatan, for Maderia, which will be in about a week. The Ship Defender, Robinson," has arrived in Hampton Roads from the Chincba Islands. She bring a cargo of guano and is bound to New York, St. Louis, Nov. SO. The free State men of Ran- ' t J" tbe 2d of saa have called a Convention to meet on December, to consider the political position of tbe Territory and the course to be adopted, relative to the new Constitution. New York, Dec. 2. Flour has declined ; sales of State brands at $5 70a5 75, Ohio 5 205 60. South' era 4 20a5 45. Wheat is nominal. Corn is droop ing, sales of mixed at 84c, yellow 90c, white 92c Pork has declinen 50c Stocks are active. New Orleans, Dec. 1. It is feared that Mr. San didge, a Congressman from the fourth district in this State, was lost on the steamer Rainbow. ; St. Louis, Dec 1. The steamer Alleghany hence for New Orleans, was snagged and sunk yesterday. A man and and a child were drowned. '. A Reward is Offered! For the detection of any personal counterfeiting, imitating, or the vender of any such counterfeit or imitation of BCErhave s Hol land bitters. The genuine, highly concentrated Hol land Bitters is put up in half-pint bottles only, haw ing the name of the proprietor, B. Page, Jr. blown in tbem, and his signature around the neck of each and every bottle. , . , . ', This delightful Aroma has been received: by Americans, preparations. When wo consider' tbe marked success attending its administration! in the most stubborn cases of Fever and Ague Weakness of any kind, Dyspepsia, r Heartburn, Acidity of the Stomach, Sick and Nervous Headache, Indigestion, Cost iveness and Files together with the complete con trol it exercises ovef all Nervous, Rheumatic, end Neuralgic Affections, we cannot wonder et its pop ularity. Well may the invalid value this remedy. . T 1 ... . 'V j A Wheat Field of Twenty-Five Hundred acres. A correspondent of the St. Louis " RepoWio.n'T thus speaks of the wheat fields which be noticed on a recent trip over the Great Western railroad : " The Great Western passes through a fertile farm ing district which challenges comparison with any other portion of Illinois. Morgan. .Sangamon and Macon o.unties, are unrivaled in capacity of produc-' tion. The wheat fields which line the road, and nw hellish it, too, with their robes of richest emerald, are on a grand scale. . One of these fields, a score of miles or more .West of this place, comprises 2,800 acres. It is all owned by Job Owsley, Ebo, of Springfield, who broke up the whole this season, owed it with drills, 13 or 14 of which were running at once ; and from present appearances the proprie tor may hope to reap 80,000 bushels from this im mense tract next July. Will it not be grandly .beautiful aighb-3.600 acres of golden grain waving in the aommerindrV, t ,,!-, .) o t i ' - " ' ' ; The Know-Nothinga are at this time rrieici'ng over th idea that the Democratic party will 4sblH.n They wQI be deceived. Good ImoOreia.uji See the objects which actuate certain mea. x i Jon II 1 M .Pi inn i A rvr, PHYSICIANS OF THE UNITED statb tfJrr.T WOLFED PfRTBi i3a .i 6CHIEDAH AROMATTn unr... J e. - . A Medicinal Diet Drink, of minentiv RRttNlhW' himself SSt ? Schiedam, in Hll " li is made from fh k p.'t ! .i. v w,. tun can bfexi Euwpe. with the etteace "of a srouutic ImTS? acknowledged and extratdmai'medicinni ha. long since aaraired a higher reputation, LtiT and America, tbanany other dinrectic herem ,Ia finest. Goat, and kbeuma&m, in ObstnL Bladder and Kidneys, and h Veneral TT - - i are prompt, decided, and invariably reliable - ' -"-"'HIV IIa . eti&t. And ia nol -v remroy ior mese maiaaies, but, in ail case 1 they are produced by drinking bad water, Wni niveraallv th r n.. "cUliw emfee. The diatTCsaina- effect anon ttw atnm.t. . der, of travellers, or new residents, and ,u d bl4 customed to them, .reduced by the waters of77 . great inland rivers, like the Ohio. Missimippi from Hie buy qoaatiry of decayed vegetable Jr" teieed ia tbem. in a state of solution, js we k '"w "" that of the waters of limestone regions in prod J vel, Calculi, and Stone in the Bladder. Th a ScaisnAM ScBXArvsiaan absolute corrective of thT"K rions properties of bad water, and consequent the diseases which they occasion. It i also found T" cure and preventive of Fever and Agoe, a eompl.ilrt ' by the conjomt effect of a vegetable malari, in th T phere,and vegetable putrescences in the water , 7 jliatrietomwbiA U pri.eie.iry prevail Tbe " Schiedam Scmkafps is consequently in great d a persons tr.vel.mg, or .boot to settle in those parJJJ country, especially, a well as by many i Jn ' eity wbere it has become known, on ammnt Ji " other remedial properties. ri0M In all eases of dropsical tendency, it is generally rt.. . remedy required, when adopted in the eariv 2." ? disease. In Dyspepsia maladies, when ,aken Tpmi quantities, a. a diet drink, and esneciallc found, by uniform experience, to be eminently eflicacioo, m I Tm MMVfit nhatinoln n 1 usual remedies have failed to afford more tL.n til relief In etue. of Flatulency, it is an vanable spectfie; and it nay be adminis,ered endproport.on.te qnant.ties, even to Jmng illfant hose Paroxtsms of gr.p.ng pain in the 8lomach 4 to winch tbey are especially subject, as well as in t of grown persons. wuc Its judicious adoption in connection with the princhal meals, er when a sense of exhaustion dictates its never fails to relieve the debility attendant upon protract chrome maladies, low temperament, and exhausted vital -v v-uoc muueeu. inese are .acts to wnicn many of the most eminent medical men both in v.. rone and the United Kla: k. . ... .;k k. .-.. ,. .. V." . "mmS. i ?. . ' "V ' .'r '.eaest wn,,en JUL un ill 1 1 1 1 M n inii ninr hnit ; c each, with my name on the bottle, cork, and f,,,.. i. .., ' r "";-, iu vases m one dozen my signature on the label. For sale by all the respectable Druggists and Grocers in the United States. UDOLPHO WOLFE, -VoU Import, 22 Beaver Street, Sew York. CACTIO.V TO THE PUBLIC. The word Schiedam Schnapps, belongs exclusively to mj medicinal beverage, all others is counterfeit and imposition on the public. UDOLPHO WOLFE December 4, 1857. 108-3m. STATE OF KORTH.CAROLINA. WIIEKEAS. ROBERT PATOX. WM. Mcfl.AXE, tnuv yi-L,iLSE,WLKV' EUWARD CANTWELLaiid JUH JUAAALNU, Jr., have applied to be incorporated br hitters patent, under the, name and style of "The Cape Fear Coal and Iron Company," for the purpose of conduct ing: tbe mining of coal and iron and other minerals, and manufacturing thereof, no Deep River, in tbe county nf Chatham, for the space of sixty years, with a capital Muck subscribed of Fire Hnudred Thousand Dollars, in shares of one hundred dollars each. And it appearing that tbe said parties have paid into the hands of the Clerk of tbe Court of Pleas and Quarter Ses sious of Chatham county the sum of Five Thousand Dol lars, being one dollar on each share subscribed, and that in other respeets they have complied with the law in such cases made and provided: Now, therefore. Notice is hereby given to all whom it mar concern, that letters patent have this day been issued by me, incorporating the said parties and their successors, under the name and style, for the t-pace of time, with tbe capital, place of conducting business, and for tbe purposes hereinbefore stated. ' In testimony whereof, I, Thomas Bracjf, Gov ernor of tbe State of North-Carolina, do cause l. s. this notice to be published, this the 6th day of November, A. D., 1857. THOS, BRAGG. By the Governor. PULASKI COWPEB, Private Secretary. 1211 w4w. GLEN ANNA FEMALE SEMIARYN, THOUA8VIU.K, Davidson Co., N. C. T' HE FALL SESSION OF THIS IXSTITimoy will commence on the second Wednesday of Septem Tbe managers are now making arrahirementsfora ber. corps of Teacher which will be inferior ,to none smith of Philadelphia. Board in the Institution, exclusive of washing and lights, $6 per month. Tuition per Session for English bracbes' tS to $15. Music on Piano Forte or Guitar. S-iO, including use of instrument French, 8- fainting in Oil, 15. Paint ing in Water colors, fS. All other ornamental work in pro portion. $1 per Session for incidentals. As the charges are very low one half must be paid in advance. the baliDce at the end of the session, or interest will be charged. This Institution is located in one of the most healthy, moral and industrious villages on the North Carolina Bail Road. There are the present Session, between 7(t and SO pupils, representing six branches of the Christian Church; all worshipping the Aloai High together in Christian love. Ibis new building is laree and well ventilated. apila will be received at any time and charged from th ; time of entrance; bat it ia very desirable that all should be -1) resent on thnfirst 1ar nf ilia Seeeinn The Seminary is six miles from Normal College, and a daiiy Mage run a both wars. Parents can send their sons and daughters to Thomaaville; the sons go oo to Jibraml College. No pupil allowed to make accounts without the consent of parent or-gaardran ." For further particulars address J. W. THOMAS, Pres. Board of Trustees. July 24, 1857. - ; : 115 wly. Morales; Sue Hale and Female Academy. ,. f ; NR. JNO. P. BAILEY. twimds MRS. HKLEN AL BAILEY. Princ,Pttls- THE EXERCISES OF THE PRESENT SESSION OP this Institution will close on Wednesday tbe nth ol December, and the next will commence tbe Itith of Janua ry following, and continue it weeks. In the discipline our teachers are jnild and parental, yet energetic and firui. We bave had their services nearly tvo sessions, consider ourselves fortunate in having secured them, and rejoice at the prospect of tbeir being permanent ly located. Mr. Bailey's expenses in preparing for the accommoda tion of boarders have been considerable, and we ainesrely hope that he may succeed in getting 15 or So yonng ladiea at 7 per month. His building is commodious, his water first-rate, and be will refer to those who have boarded with him for information with reference to bis character as pro prietor of a boarding house. The female portion of the school will use water from his well, spend their bo rs of recreation mostly in his house and yard, and be suffered to be in the male apart iiienti'l the Academy only when required by the Princitwl. .WJ experience convinces us that our arrangement will be " to ensure to patrons the advantages, and to protect them from the disadvantages ot having the two sexes united. . ' Our location (decidedly one of tbe beat in the State) i within six miles of Durham's Depot, 20 of Ruleigb, and of Fish Dam. - Drs. Thomas and Benjamin Hicks are our physicians. u ' Tuns; Tuition Der tessiou. in nrimarv branches. ' 44 " gW'KWphy and grammar, 10 W igTOunv ami Kraniumi, - natural and mental plulosuuny " " algebra and surveying, tatin and greek, ? JJ " " " music, with use of instrument, l w Mr. C. J. Rogers will take 8 or 8 yonng men at (6 P month, lights included, and others will furnish board equal ly ai lew. The teachers will board only young ladies, nJJ hope that a knowledge of their merits and our low boara will secure for us a lanre school. ' PELEIi ROGERS, Chm'ni Dr. THOMAS HICKS, j. j ; o WILEY FLETCHER, WM. D. HOLLOWAY, i..' I" 'M - WORT HAM. A BURTON. Trustees it .-!. X J. BUUEKS, sec J New 17,1.847. J211 5tw. CITY COlff ST A B LB UN DER THB 87TH SEC TION of tl charter orthe City of Raleigh, whien proviah for the election of a Constable by tbe la"Jr. voters at tbe aaree tma tbe Commissioners are electee. ' hereb reepectfuUr announce myself s candidate rory ''J Con.t.ble. I have aerved the cuiaeea of Raleigh for a7 yeare in this capacity, and bave alwaya tried to do my o"'J If elected, I will do all in my power to pre saUslacttou, and will ba very gvateM for oh renewed evidence of uw ofidece and good will of y feJja TmUBRAY. - RehA Need W.IW. ' " f 106-M" fjSsT- Register copy till election.