LOCAL IATELLIGESCE.
THURSDAY JANUARY 16, 187ft.
Index to New AdverUteiuenut
Perry Ah old bachelor wants a girl with cash.
J. J. Mott Notice. .4.,,, V . : . ,f
A correspondent warms the aldermen-
Our. Statesville and Salisbury corres
pondents are both most probably dead.
The board of county commissioners
meet in called session to-day.
A few stragglers still drop occasion
ally into the sheriffs ..office and settle
up their taxes. ' jV
Again, yesterday, there was no ses
sian of the Mayor's court. There has
been none in a week. Too orderly for
anything.
The Governor, Monday, issued his
commission to Col. Walter L. Steele as
member- elect of the forty-sixth Con
gress from this (the sixth) district
Balmy as the spring time, but the
worst time in the world for catching
colds and pneumonia by standing
around , in wet places,, sitting down
on curb-stones or lying out in gutters
over night
Owing to the great uncertainty among
the farming community as to the out
come of the present year, the price of
cotton, etc, contracts with hands for
the present year have not been as gen
erally made as is usual: by this time in
the year. ;
KecepiioD I a Fireman.
Capt. Sam'l Radcliffe, chief of the tire
-department of Newbern, . being in the
city as a delegate- to- the convention of
Northern settlers,' was tendered a recep
tion last evening ' ' by the firemen of
Charlotte in the hall of the Indepen
dent Hook and Ladder company. Mr.
C. F. Harrison presided, and welcomed
Capt. Radcliffe, who responded briefly
but appropriately and very gracefully.
Refreshments were served, and speech
. es were subsequently made by Col. II.
C.Jones and others. The evening was
spent very pleasantly,' indeed, and all
present enjoyed greatly the pleasures of
the occasion.
ncvtimg ( Director j
A meeting of the board of directors
of the North Carolina Railroad was
held at the Central Hotel in this city
yesterday; present: the president, CoL
T. M. Holt and W.L. Thornbarg, secre
tary and treasurer, and the following
directors: Gen. R. IV Hoke, CoL D.
MacRaev W. Kornegay, Col. J. L.
Morehead, Dr R. B. Haywood, M. L.
Holmes and H. W. Fries.
In addition to the transaction of the
regular routine business, a dividend of
6 per cent on the capital stock was de
clared payable 1st of March and 1st of
September. i
We understand that under the pres
ent management of thejroad the stock
has advanced at least 20 per cent,
within-the past six months,
The 1 tiler-State Cocking- !1tin Firwt
Yesterday' was the first day of the
inter-State cocking i main Tbetween
North and South Carolina. The parties
showed twenty-one cocks each,according
to the terms of the contract, and at
10:30 the matching began. Eighteen
pairs were matched and .North Caro
lina won the show. The only fight of
the first day took place at 3:15 p. m.
The South Carolina party pitted a light
red cock, a Stone crossed on War Horse,
weight, 5 lbs. 9 oz. .The North Caro
linians pitted against a him . a Siro,
Jenkins cock, . black with lead, legs,
weight, 5.9. Ther cocks" ' 'broke 1 evep;
and after the first twfl or three passes
the red had the best' of it, but did not
press it After having been pitted
three or four times,; the birds ..went
together for the last round and -the
black cock brained his antagonist The
black was not seriously punished. The
red was a very game cock but a poor
tighter. -,-. .
Hack fights followed this, during the
afternoon and evening. The fighting
of the second day of the main begins at
1 1 o'clock a. m. to-day.
WASHINGTON; ITEMS.
Washington, Jan. 15.-Nominations :
Postmasters: Jno. H. Bibb at the
University - of Virginia; P. E Ezekiel,
at Beaufort, S. C; Robt. W.Boone, at
Newberry, S. C. 1
Speaker Randall has appointed Acklin,
of Ixmisiana, to fill the vacancy occa
sioned by the death of Schleicher on the
committee on foreign affairs! .
The board of experts who visited
Memphis and New Orleans Under in
structions of. a. special congressional
committee for . examining, into the
course of the yellow fever, and what, if
anything, cari be done; to prevent a re
currence thereof, having returned to
this city commenced to-day summing
up its labors.' It will be several days
before the report can be made.
The sub treasury to-day paid . out
$30,000 more in gold than it received in
exchange of legal tendernotes. i
Justice Hunt's condition is still
practically unchanged.
It is said that Mr. Everett, secretary
of the legation to Berlin, has good pros
pects of promotion to minister. I
Foreign labpr Troubles.
London, January lThe dissolu
tion of the Argan Spinning and Weav
ing Company, one of 'the most Impor
tant cotton concerns in Switzerland,
was in consequence of the unsatisfacto
ry, results of, the past year's . vf orkjng,
and the general, unfavorablenesa of .its
position. ...,. -. i Ji-T. : w.
J The umpire in ,$hfe ' arbitration eon-
cernihg the wages dispute in Cleveland
and the North of England iron trade,
has decided that the men must , accept
the reduction of five per cent. . ; '
Several of the cotton- mills at "Nelson,
near : Barnley, have given notice of a
reduction of wages. . Some of the mills
have stopped altogether , There have
also been some stoppages of mills at
Padiham and WhittefieldV : ! ;
New Indian Trouble In the West.
Fort Robinson, January lfl.--Sun-day
night the Indian in the bed of In
dian creek, on, Vthe Hot creek road,
strengthened .their position. .;JAtn noon
f ,I .a J . -VT 1 , rnwwnim
brought up, but owing to the nature of
the ground could not be brought to bear
eitectually. Tuesday morning a recon
noisance showed that the' Indians had
escaped during the night The troops,
being without provisions, returned to
camp to equip a paek-train and start on
a prolonged scout after! the savages.
A Terrible Minis iDlistervr
London, January if). There has been
no communication vet with:, the en
tombed colliers - in . the - Dinas . . mine.
Eighty yards of the roof at the bottom
of the shaft have fallen ainee theexnlo-
ttioh, rendering ventilation impossible,
and explorers eannot; enter - the mine.
Experts say that only by the barest tos
sibiiity can any of the sixty men be
alive, and give no hope of their rescue.
1 VOICE IN BEHALF OF THE SOUTH.
H
What the Convention Did Yesterday 1
Full Convention and a Fall Expres. '
Bion of OpinionWhat Induce
ments the South Holds Out
to Emigrants, Ac.
There were about seventy-five or
eighty delegates to the convention of
Northern men in the South, when Mr.
N. Dumont called the convention to
order, yesterday at 12 o'clock, in the
opera house. lie read them a short ad
dress of welcome; and also read the
call, which he sent to all North
ern settlers in the South whose names
he could get, as follows :
. ' "Charlotte, N. C, Dec. 14. 1878.
"Dear Sir: I have consulted with
a number of gentlemen who have
moved from New York. New Hamp
shire and other Northern States and
settled in this State, South Carolina
and Georgia since the war, many of
them ex-Union soldiers; I myself am
from Springfield, Massachusetts. The
conclusion we have arrived at, is, that
Northern men who have settled in the
South, have in their hands the solution
of the question, as to whether any con
siderable number of good Northern
men and active Northern capital can
be diverted to the South. Many of the
Northern papers are giving wrong no
tions as to how Northern people are re
ceived. You know many of our friends
will not put much faith in what South
ern men or papers say on this head.
We who have consulted upon this mat
ter deem it wise to hold a convention
of Northern men only, who have se
tied South since the war good, fair
representative men. Your name has
been given as such an one. It is thought
wise to hold this convention about Jan
uary 15th, at Charlotte, N. C, it being
more central for all. Arrangements
have been made with the railroads for
the round trip at one fare. Will you be
kind enough to signify if you will come
or not, and if you cannot come, please
address me a letter stating your views.
It is desired in the convention to pre-
Sare a statement for publicantion in
Torthern papers, setting fwth the soil,
climate, prices, ease of making a living
and social treatment of the individual
Northern man. It is not desired to cov
er any question of politics or extreme
views of any kind.
"In vour letter, whether of acceutanco
or declination, please state if you were
in the Federal army, company and regi
ment; where you moved from to your
K resent residence, and how long you
ave resided at your present where
abouts. We shall be glad to hear from vou
at the earliest day.
"Your obedient servant
"N. Dumont, .
"Charlotte, N.
The opera house was decorated with
flags of the United States, an old battle
wom banner of the Confederate States,
and the flags of local military compa
nies. By a unanimous vote, the convention
was organized bv calling Mr. Dumont
to the chair, and by Voting the follow
ing named gentlemen vice-presidents:
V . B. Middaugh, of Danville, Va.; A.
Curtis, San Mateo.
Fla. ; P. F. Law-
she, Gainsville, Ga.;
H. Coykendall,
Black Station, S. C.
On motion, the appointment of the
secretaries was placed in the hands of
the president and Messrs. R. E. Mc
Donald, of Charlotte, Thos. J. Conger.
of Conger's Station, Iredell county, and
(japttiohnE. woodhouse, or Concord
were selected.
Shortly after the organization the
president was informed that a commit
tee of the citizens of Charlotte were
present and had a communication to
present to the convention.
Mayor Smith came forward, and af
ter a brief introduction extending to
the members of the convention the hos
pitalities of the city, announced that a
meeting ot citizens had directed a com
mittee, of which he was chairman, to
present a resolution of welcome to the
convention, which he herewith present-
ea to the president
The resolution was read by the secre
tary, as follows:
W hereas. The citizens of Charlotte
have been informed that certain citizens
from the North, who have become resi
dents of this and other Southern States'
contemplate meeting in convention in
this city on the 15th inst, for the pur
pose of giving an expression of opinion
as to the material resources, and social
and political condition of this section ;
and
Whereas, It the desire of our peo
ple that the facia in this convention
shall be fair and fully stated by men
who have come into our midst, uninflu
enced by the prejudices of Southern
birth ; and
Whereas, We believe that the facts
will be so stated by this convention,
without regard to sectional sympathies,
Now. Therefore, we, the undersigned
committee, in behalf of the citizens of
Charlotte, tender to the delegates of
this convention a cordial welcome and
the hospitalities of the city, and request
our chairman to present this in person
to the convention.
B. R. Smith, Chm n.
H. C. Jones.
W. J. Yates.
C. Dowd.
R. M. Miller. ,
t
The communication, as well as the
remarks of the mayor, were received
with applause, and a committee was
appointed to prepare an answer to both.
It was suggested that the next: thing
in order would be the appointment of a
committee on resolutions to prepare
business for the convention.
The president said before proceeding
to this, he would prefer to hear an ex
uression of the sentiments of the dele
gates on the subject of the call.
in reply w cms suggestion mr. d. j.
Bates, of Union county, addressed the
convention t some length. He was
pleased with the idea of the convention
at first and was satisfied that it could
be made the instrument of great good.
He was in favor of taking local ratner
than general views. It would not be
the part of wisdom in the convention
to attempt to speaK oi map wnereoi rc
did' not know and had not seen, but to
confine its assertions to what had come
under the observation of the delegates.
He also thought all questions of politics
should be excluded. He himself was a
miner in Union county, lie naa al
ways received the Kindest possime treat
ment while in Charlotte, and since he
and his family had resided in Union
county.
Hp hfilieved that North Carolina pos
sessed special advantages to an agricul
tural people, and was satisfied that the
mines in this section of the State could
be worked to great advantage. He said
further that as a sheep growing county
the Piedmont region oi jxorui tjarouna
could not be surpassed.
Mr; H. H. Ballman, of poik county,
N. fij formerly of Pittsburg, Pa, next
spoke. He said that so far as the treat
ment or JNOrtnern seiners oy wuimm
neotrte were concerned, he hardly
thought ft was necessary to touch
upon that question. Since he came
here eight years ago, he"had experienced
one continual expression of kindness.
He had l.iou acres of land in Spartan
burir eountv. S. C 'and 600 where he
lived more land than he wanted. One
hundred acres of - it would support a
family the size of his own. He himself
felt. the need of active; intelligent men
ta tattle on it and cultivate it The great
need of his section was public schools
for the dbwemination of general infor
mation.' If the people knew better they
would certainly ao Deuer.
" Mr. Cushing, of lincola-eeunty, N. C.
followed, saying that he Tiad come to
North Carolina under the most unfa
vorable auspices possible as a yankee
soldier, his company having been dis
banded in the South. If the people had
treated him any better, it would have
made a fool of him. They would treat
the most galvanized ' yankee the same
way. Why it was that Northern people
kept on talking about this thing, he
couldn't for the life of hinfsee He
said we could offer them everything but
equal advantages in public schools, and
we were improving in this particlar.
, Mr. T. H. Hoyt, now of Spartanburg, ;
S. C, said he had been engaged in real !
estate business for some years, and had
looked forward to this convention with
high hopes. He had found as many
well disposed and Christian people at
his present home as anywhere he had
ever lived. He had received hundreds
of letters asking the very questions
which it was proposed that this conven
tion should answer. At this point he
read a letter from Mr. L. N. Wilcox,
late of Pennsylvania, who, in speaking
of the advantages which the South of
fered, said that he would rather embark
in business with $5,000 in the South
than with $25,000 in the North. He now
owned three hundred acres of bottom
land in Polk county, which he would not
sell for $150 per acre. Mr Hoyt said he
was satisfied that the climate, soil and
general character of the country in
North Carolina afforded as good homes
as could be found anywhere. He also
believed that any prejudices which
Northern men might have would be
removed "by a residence in the South.
At this point in the proceedings, a
motion was made and carried that the
chair appoint a committee on resolu
lutions to draft the views of the con
vention. The chair appointed the following:
Rev. Dr. Mattoon, president of Biddle
University, Charlotte, N. C, formerly of
New York.
A. J. Curtis, of Mateo, Fla., formerly
of New York.
H. Coykendall, of Black's Station, S.
C, formerly of Des Moines, la.
W. B. Middaugh, of Danville, Va for
merly of Pennsylvania.
H. D. Ingersoll, of Loudsville, Ga,
formerly of New York.
The committee then retired to pre
pare the resolution.
Several other short addresses were made
in the same strain as those already re
ported. The convention then, on motion, ad
journed to meet at 3 o'clock to hear the
report of the committee on resolutions.
afternoon session.
When the convention re-assembled
in the afternoon, a communication was
read from Northern citizens of New
berne, N. C, and subsequently one from
those resident in Mooresville, setting
forth the advantages which these locali
ties offered to settlers, and on motion
both comraunicbtions were ordered to
be tiled with the proceeding of the meet
ing. The committee on resolutions through
its chairman, Rev. Dr. Mattoon, an
nounced that it was prepared to report,
and the convention decided to vote on
the resolutions seriatim.
The committee offered the following
for adoption :
To the People of the Several Common
wealths composing the United States
of America'
We, the representatives of Northern
settlers in the Southern States, and be
ing ourselves immigrants from locali
ties in the Northern States to the re
spective States following our individual
signatures, in convention assembled, do
call your attention to the following,
feeling assured that cool judgment up
on the facts shown will set in flow the
currents of reason, and action will fol
low reasoning without prejudice. We
prefer to make findings specifically and
at length, and we find :
1st. That in the States oi our former
homes there exists an active prejudice
against the South, and its people; that
this prejudice is mighty in its influence
for evil on the nation ; that by it and
through it the conditions of the count ry
are largely disquieted; that it is fo
mented and kept alive for ends ulterior
to the common weal; that the real in
terests of the nation are kept out of
sight in keeping alive this prejudice.
That much of this prejudice, if not all
of it is due mainly to wrong informa
tion concerning (and partial and total
ignorance of) the facts existing in a
large portion of the South.
2d. That in the portions of the South
in which we reside, the right of any
man, from no matter where, to express
publicly as well as privately his opinion
upon any subject and of every nature,
is nowhere and in no manner restrained.
That all laws are well administered and
as truly enforced against the wrong
doer as in any part of any State of the
U nion.
3d. That any man who has so con
ducted himself at his former home as
to win the regard of honest men and
decent people, by pursuing the same
course of lite in the South, does gain
and keep the regard and respect of all
people, regardless of any question of
politics or religious laith ; and we fur
ther find that being a Northern man is
certainly no disadvantage.
4th. That every citizen recognizes
that he is amenable to the law, and that
local self-government is as much re
quired and encroachments upon these
as much deplored as in any State North,
East or West
5th. We find, too, that persons foisted
themselves upon the polity of the South,
and by their conduct cast discredit up
on the Northern name.
6th. Those of us who were in the
army of the Union never for a moment
pretended to think of denying our uni
form or the old cause. The Confeder
ate soldier has always evinced the true
soldier instinct in the grasp of those
who were his enemies in war.
7th. That considerinff reuuted out
rages, if these were carefully sifted it
will be found that the complainants tor
like acts would have suffered at the
hands of any people under like provoca
tions
8th. We find that in business rela
tions the ex-Confederate is willing to
sell his land on time to Northern men,
even to people who could not get the
same accommodations at the North',
East or West. We hnd, too, that m the
ramifications of business they endorse
our notes and bank paper, and are not
over-anxious or mquisiuvts uu ques
tions of extension, and they frequently
say, "It is as much our interest as
yours that you should succeed and by
your success help fill the country with
thrifty people."
9th. That as neighbors they visit our
firesides and welcome us to the privi
leges of public worship, and sympathize
in cur sorrows and afflictions ; that they
admire sturdy integrity and real prin
ciple: that their definition of what
these things are corresponds with the
idea of the same our neighbors in the
North held, in common with us. We
find that we are not tabooed nor sub
jected to any kind of persecution for
proper conduct or good Northern ideas
or principles, and though differing from
many of oui Southern neighbors on
many essential questions in politics and
otherwise, we have lived and prospered
here among them, they knowing these
'differences.
10th. We find that the South needs
more people badly, and that none ap
preciate it more than the native popu
lation, and that they are willing to of
fer fair inducements to industrious peo
ple to come and settle among them. If
residence among a people and having
daily social and Dusiness contact with
them means 'anythingthen we ask a
fair consideration by all people of the
facts we herein find, and that at least
the same- credit be given to our state
ments that is given to the unsupported
statements sot swift in their mission of
dissension and misrepresentation. '
llth. That east of a line drawn from
Richmond, Va, to Raleigh, N.C, thence
to Columbia? S., C thence to Tallahas
see, in Florida, the country on the east
ern side of thef South Atlantic States
contains a vast extent of rich alluvial
lands, fine sandy loams, a considerable
extent of swamp and arid, sand, heavy
forests of pine and cypress, fine fisher4
ies and harbors, important water pow
ers and vast beds of marl and shell;
that in this sea-skope belt;' from the Po
tomac to the gvd,s grqwn. all products
that are grown la any of the States of
the Northand th addition fine qualities
of tobacco, cotton and rice, while south
of Savannah the bannana and other
tropical fruits add their value.
12th. That abouth 60 miles westward
of the line given, the country gradually
rises, and at about the line given be-i
comes gently undulating, and assumes
its distinctive character as the foot Mills
of the Blue Ridge range of mountains
and becomes the country known as the
Piedmont belt, and is comprised in that
strip of country lying to the west of the
line given for an average distance of
about 150 miles, in some parts narrower
and in other slightly wider, its eastern
limit having an altitude of from 300 to
400 feet, rising by gradations to a height
of from 900 to 1,100 feet on its eastern
line. Within this Piedmont belt are
forests of oak. ash, hickory, walnut, ma
ple, beech, birch, all the hard woods
with yellow pine and occasional belts
on the higher ridges of white pine.
Rivers and creeks afford,' with their
tributaries, abundant water, and these
streams fail not, neither go dry. Abun
dant water powers, large numbers of
them averaging from 12 to twenty
feet, and . many from 25 to 50 feet,
and others' from 60 to 150 feet of nat
ural fall, on streams having a width
of from 100 to 700 feet Some of
these water powers have cotton and
woolen mills thereon, and any one
wishing to be interested, can be shown
that these are paying handsomely. The
soil is generally a red clay or mulatto
or chocolat&land, grey loam and black
soil. The bottom lands yield largely;
those of the uplands moderately. On
the kind of culture hitherto followed
in the South which is in no degree up
to the Northern standard, yet owing to
ease of transportation, to market, shorts
ness of lines and the kindness of the
climate, the money value of all crops
exceeds that of the fields of Kansas or
Minnesota.
A. We find in this belt, mines of gold,
iron, Copper, coal, limestone, mica, bary
tes, mineral paint corundum, etc, etc.,
which, if worked with the assiduity and
appliances as elsewhere, would furnish
labor to a vast population, and equal in
yield those of other States more
known to popular report.
B. We find the climate of this belt
salubrious, invigorating and restoring;
that its summer temperature is lower
and cooler by several degrees than at
the North, that gentle breezes keep the
summers restful; that drouths or fail
ure of crops are unknown ; that insects
and pests destructive to crops have no
existence ; that the winters are moder
ate and short ; that animal life is easily
supported without expensive methods
of care and constant working to feed
the labor of the summer away; that
here man works for himself and his,
and not for his brutes ; that there is no
month in the year but, that out of door
labor on the farm can be done and
plowing is not ordinarily interfered with
by frost or snow.
C. .We find the country healthful, well
drained and singularly free from ague,
malarious fevers and malignant disease ;
and, where any such cases have occur
red it will be found due to neglected
local causes, such as dams in marshy
places, obstructed ponds causing back
flows and consequent stagnation.
D. We find that cotton, tobacco, all
the cereals, the apple, peach, fig, pome
granate, all varieties of fruit, the grape
and various berries thrive and mature
finely the peach bearing in three years
from the seed. That the tame grasses
are grown with slight effort, and are a
profitable crop ; that sheep, cattle and
swine pay handsomely.
E. e find that all occupations pur
sued for profit whether in trade, law.
agriculture, mechanics, manufactures,
when pursued here with the same per
sistency and methods as other coun
tries, yield as large returns with less
strain.
13th. We find that to the west of the
Piedmont belt is a vast extent of moun
tain country nearly 200 miles in width
This is composed of high table lands
rich in natural grasses of most succu
lent character; fine mountain slopes
not too precipitous, and narrow valleys
of the most productive kind. The alti
tude of the country is from 1,100 to
2,300 feet above the sea ; its atmosphere
is singularly rare and pure. Fine min
eral springs abound, and these districts
have already attained eminence as
health and pleasure resorts. It con
tains mountains and spurs, cascades
and other scenic details which give it
note for the grand and picturesque. Its
forests comprise all the woods enumer
ated in the Piedmont range. It is more
sparsely settled than the eastern range
and much of it is remote from lines of
travel. It is rich in all kinds of mineral
wealth, and its mines of copper, mica,
iron and corundum are yielding hand
some profits to their operators Owing
to its altitude, its winter climate, is
more rigorous ihoughLthe . winters are
short "There , are narrow zones along
the flanks of various mountain ranges
known as frostless belts. They vary
from a few rods to several hundred
yards in width; these boundaries are
very narrowly defined and remain per
manent." Within these favored lines
fruits, whether of the tree, vine or
shrub are never struck by frost Its
capacities and capabilities for stock
growing, its ample water power, its im
mense forests and fine lands, its health
ful climate and great stretches of un
occupied cheap lands mark it as a
stretch of country capable of support
ing a vast industrial as well as health-
seeKing people.
14th. We find that through any of
these several distinctive belts of coun
try of the whole South, unimproved
lands can be had at prices ranging from
75 cents to $10 per acre, dependent on
remoteness from town and rail; that
improved lands can be had at from $3
to $50 per acre. ' '
15th. That at no distant day the lines
of railway now reaching from the
South Atlantic seaboard, and only "im
peded in finding their way through the
Blue Ridge mountains, will make the
ports of SouthernStates the shipping
points for the surplus grajh and meat
products of thejWestfwtbejr than follow
the lines to the Northern seaboard and
lakes so often blockaded by snow An
the transit, and arriving late and part
ly damaged at ice-bound ports.
16th. That manufactures at the
South are receiving good attention, and
that more than ten. extensive cotton
factories, numbering more than 200,000
spindles, are in successful operation by
a union of native and Northern capital,
and that several hundreds of cotton fac
tories, averaging from 1,000 to 10,000
spindles, are in successful and profita
ble operation along the water courses,
with abundant room for other and larg
er factories ; that ' these factories are
mainly owned and managed by South
ern people andthe pertye'sTcoW
from the native white population. Wp
find these several .sources of profit in
cotton, manufacture" which are lost in
the North:.
lsV The factories are in the fields of
production; the producer and manu
facturer are brought .togeiber, and the
Srofits of the interchange remain ftt
omev : ':','
; f 2nd: Saving of transportation of raw
material and return of manufactured
fabrics. ' ' ' !: 7;-:
3rd. The tolls of cotton ginning en
ter ii to manufacture ; this is labor and
the rofit . of labor entering into manu
facture with the . other saving as a
sotrcvf profit . r . , . : ' - 7
'4,h. 'i1.:i cootibf Viiter power isnom-in.if,:fproerly-
Kpeakiug; nothings but
the building of a cheap wooden 1 dam
and rude " canals r t he streams - never
freeze in winter nor go dry in summer ;
no loss of tnne - - ;
5th. Exceeding cheapness of build
ing material and common labor.
6th. Cheapness of fuel ; wood not ov
er $1.25 a cord.
7th. Factories need not be heated to
exceed 40 days per year.
8th. A good nome market in a coun
try where the money crop, being cotton,
means cash, and not trade, for that
cropland home product selling side by
side with the Northern made article at
the same price, throws cost of freight,
&c, into the pocket of the Southern
manufacturer, so that that which con
stitutes two items of expense in North
ern manufacture becomes two profits
to the Southerner.'"
17th. We find that the modes of agri
culture pursued at the South are
strangely thriftless;! that the imple
ments in use, the wagons and means of
farm transportation and cultivation
are most rude ; that if the same modes
of farming were followed in the North,
and the same implements used, bank
ruptcy, ruin and squalor would follow
in every instance ; that the Southern
farmer prospers by such methods and
tools is due to the kindness of
Providence "in giving a climate and
soil which almost provide for mar.
themselves ; almost certainly for beast :
for but few feed stock at all, the
very minimum of exertion produces
more than a living. Northern farmers
pursuing the courses of farming here
that they do at home will amass wealth.
18th. We find that no attention what
ever has been given to roads or bridges
in the South ; that passage over many
portions of the higher country is most
difficult ; that gullies and holes exist in
them oftentimes, rendering passage
highly unsafe and adding terribly to the
cost of marketing products ; that fre
quently bridges have dangerous boles
in them, and are often made of round
poles laid loosely; that the approaches
to many of the cities and towns, where
the roads run together and travel gath
ers, are miracles of badness and call for
ready attention, in not alone the en
forcement of the very wise and full
road laws, already existent, but the ad
dition of a road tax giving the citizens,
as in other States, the option to pay a
road tax either in money or labor.
19th. We find a good code of school
laws providing for a system of free pub
lic schools; the sparseness of the popu
lation prevents the full administration
of them, and the fund is divided with
fairness between both white and black.
The people believe and act upon the
principle that ignorance is the mother
of crime and vice as well as of super
stition. The private school system al
ways did have preference at the South,
and those who are able prefer to send
their children to them, because the
school tax owing to the wide distance s
between homes hardly "suffices to pro
vide for more than the very rudimen
tary branches of knowledge ; yet this
is generously supplemented by private
contributions and in many districts
public schools of fair character are had,
and in some instances good graded
schools are maintained. The public
school system is growing largely in
favor; its revenues are annually in
creasing, and, but for a fear of extrava
gance in its use, would be largely in
creased. The numbers of the popula
tion at a fair distance from towns and
cities, are not enough to justify many
appliances for free schools, and there
fore much of education is carried on
even now, at home, while frequently,
those who pay school tax, do not avail
themselves of its use for the reason
given. An assurance of economy in
public school administration would give
it swift impulse. What has jeopardized
it is that in some portions it was made ,
the subject of public plunder a few
years since by those having charge of
its disbursement.
20th. We find, that taxes since home
rule has been given to the South, have
very materially lightened. In North
Carolina and Georgia they are very low,
while in the other States they are high,
owing to a system of graceless plunder,
unconscionable issues of illegal bonds,
and diversion of funds from their pro
per uses. The details of this question,
that is the rate of tax, we prefer to leave
to the application of the party wanting
knowledge, to the collectors of the sev
eral counties, or the auditors of the
f ublic moneys of the respective States,
t will be found, however, that the rate
of tax is based upon a valuation of little
over one-third, if any.
21st. That while fruit thrives in the
South most luxuriantly, yet little atten
tion whatever is paid to varieties ; vines
go untrained and trees unpruned; that
in a country, where fruit of all kinds
thrives without any climatic causes for
destruction, yet no varieties are bred.
The fruit is largely common in variety,
and .all ripens at about the same time.
No attempt is made to save it and it
hangs upon the trees, breaking them
down with its burden, the branches not
even being propped. But few nurseries
exist and cities could be named which
have no nursery within 100 miles. The
orange districts are cared for as regards
the cultivation of that frujt as a crop,
but all other fruits have hitherto been
neglected. Latterly, attention is being
paid to earlier varieties, and also, kinds
which ripen at different periods. The
sales of fruit trees from Northern nur
series are very large. As a business,
canning fruit could be made a profitable
industry, especially since peaches bear
in three years from the seed.
22d. We find that no attention is paid
to stock growing or sheep husbandry,
neither to making of butter and cheese,
and, that vast portions of the South are
in evtry element eminently adapted to
these industries, any of which would
return large profits. In a small way
some thrifty persons have turned their
attention to some one or other of these
things, and their resultant profit irova.,
stock and sheep, are exciting attention
to this, subject. Cattle are generally of
inferior kind, and receive little feed in
winter; rely on grass in summer and
are in but few instances housed. The
same remarks apply in a general way
to horses and mules, and though more
care is exercised with them, yet no par
ticular attempt is made in the country
to attain good breeds ; as a consequence
horses are cheap in a country where
fine horses are admired. Good horses sell
for good prices in the thickly populated
districts, and are brought from other
parts of the country, in this as in
many other things the South is the
market for the North,
23d, We find that much, if not all, of this
apparent waste and inattention to vast
elements of material profit, the throw
ing aside of opportunity for wealth, is
due to these facts largely. When the
war closed, the labor system of the
South was destroyed ; the white people
were penniless and came back to devas
tated fields with nothing to go upon,
their farm tools lost or destroyed. In
many; if not most cases, large families
were dependent upon the returned sol
dier who never before had done a day's
labor.ln the field, and had no experience
in theory, much less practice, in labor
of any kind. They must then not only
learn the business of agriculture but
make a support Cotton at that-time,
ruled high in price, and meant money;
so that every energy-and every bit of
attention, was turned to its culture to
the neglect of grains, fruit, cattle, &a;
and to raise as large a cotton crop as
possible witb the least -ontlay. was the
purpose of all. Gradually the . experi
ence of years, the tailing 01 the price or
cotton, showed the Southern farnier
that he must no longer pay money for
bread and meat, when it could be more
cheaply prod tieed; and in the last few
years th- have shown attention to ag
riculture eiiemistijv the treatment of
soils, and a direction toward other im
portant blanches of husbandry, stock
and f rait growing.
24th. We find that crops may bo
grown as follows: Wheat, oats, &c,
sown in September or October or as
late as December, is harvested in May
or June; that on this ground may be
planted coin, together with peas, and
potatoes may be planted as late as July
and harvested in late October, and in
some portions turnips may be planted
after the late potato crop, thus making
two and three crops per year. The
farm year begins in September, then
fall crops are sown, and rent contracts
are made. Seeding of small grains
goes on until December ; and in Febru
ary spring work begins upon the farm.
25th. We find that it is not necessary
to move in colonies or squads, unless it
be a matter of choice among friends or
neighbors so to do. Socially no advan
tage arises to the stranger who may
group with a number of other strangers,
to settle in a body as strangers to each
other among strangers. Social consid
eration and protection is gained quite
as quickly by the single settler as it
would be if he settled with a colony.
It will in all cases be found wise to
learn the experiences of the native
farmer, get his observations on the soil,
and kindred things, and to do just as
you would elsewhere. Be neighborly,
pay and return visits ; we find ourselves
always welcome, and discuss party poli
tics also, when in the order of conver
sation it becomes a topic, quite as freely
as we did anywhere.
26th. We find that farm and drudge
labor here is very cheap, the wages be
ing from $0 to $10 per month, with ra
tions furnished, these consisting of
meal, pork and molasses, supplied week
ly ; that under these conditions ao man
who expects to make his living as a
farm or drudge hand, ought to think of
coining to the South. There is also a
full supply of clerks and young profes
sional men.
27th. We find that any man who has
the energy to go West, with limited
means, and trusts to his energy and the
smiles of Providence, and who succeeds
there, could take the same energy and
trust and have greater certainty of suc
cess in tlie South. He has no grasshop
pers, norj enduring ice, nor snow, nor
blasting draught, nor violent winds.
His wants are fewer, his hardships less.
A generous soil is his, producing well,
and capable of being worked in during
any month of the year; fine forests of
wood of various kinds, minerals of all
kinds, marble, granite, sandstone- and
all other building and ornamental
fabrics in abundance, fine water pow
ers, and a diversified scenery. A climate
always moderate, . no sultry nights
which leave him more exhausted tlian
on his retiring; the noon-day sun of
summer so tempered that its heat is not
oppressive and rarely rising to a tem
perature of 08 degrees Fahrenheit; the
winds moderate and. without sharp
contrasts of change. Any man, then,
with the pluck to make of himself a
Western pioneer, can within less than
ten years, in this country, where all
things tend to man's good health and
prosperity, surround himself with lands
and stock, and have a fine income with
less privation than in many portions of
the Union.
28th. We find that a man with means
enough to keep himself on a farm or in
a small industry uniil he matures a
crop, can get very liberal terms of time
payment on lands, at low prices from
the native population; and, that with a
properly directed energy and indus
trious and sober habits he cannot fail to
live very comfortably and accumulate
property.
29th. We find that no man is ostra
cised for his opinions or on acconnt of
the land of his birth; but, as elsewhere
for his bad acts and dishonest failure
to meet his trusts and obligations. We
find, too, that it is a mistake to treat
suspiciously or to ignore the kindly of
fices of neighborly friendship in all
cases extended to a stranger and that
sometimes persons have repelled kind
ness and then complained of being let
alone.
30th. We find that the Southern na
tive expects Northern people to have
notions on politics and other topics dif
ferent from his, and views with as
much contempt as is elsewhere done,
any man who truckles or toadies for
simple gain.
31st. We find, that to the people of the
other sections of the United States, the
Soutli is an unknownland so far as re
lates to knowledge of its soil, its climate,
its healthf ulness and its people. That
it is libelled for partisan ends ani we
present this document in all conscience
and honor, to give honest knowledge
and correct wrong reports.
In a document of this kind we can
not give detailed figures of products
per acre,nor the yield per ton of ores,nor
the assay yalue of minerals, nor the
monthly thermal range for each point
nor many other special facts, but we,
each of us, invite correspondence and
will furnish facts and figures regarding
our several localities on application.
To the truth of all this we pledge
ourselves and stand upon its truth by
our signatures hereto.
Note. Owing to the fact that the
copy of the above bad to be put in the
hands of the printer before the conven
tion had adjourned its final session, the
names of all the delegates were not
signed. The list was completed last
night and will be published hereafter.
The paper was adopted by sections as
it was read, without discussion and
unanimously, and finally adopted as a
whole unanimously and with applause.
The committee to which was referred
the address of welcome of the citizens
of Charlotte, composed of D.L. Barker,
W. B. Middaugh and J. C, Bates, report
ed reciprocating the kind expressions.
Mr. A. J. Curtis presented a resolu
tion which was passed, calling upon all
Northern settlers in the South to hold
county meetings on the 15th of Febru
ary to aDDoint delegates to the State
convention to be held in March, which
convention should in turn appoint dele-
ates to a general convention to De
eld in Charlotte on the 4th of July.
After some further business in rela
tion to the publication of the proceed
ings, the convention adjourned to meet
at 7 o'clock, having first invited a num
ber of the citizens of Charlotte to ad
dress them on that occasion.
EVENING SESSION.
The convention re-assembled, and af
ter passing resolutions of thanks to the
citizens ana to tne rauroaas tor courte
sies, resolved itself into a sort of mass
meeting.
A number 01 prominent citizens were
invited to seats on the rostrum, and the
following, in response to calls, addressed
the meeting: Mayor B. R. Smith. CoL
H. C. Jones, Col. Chas. R Jones, Cob
Wm. Johnston, Gen. Jno. A. Young. Mr.
Geo. E. Wilson, Capt. Jno. Woodhouse,
of Concord, Mr.v ll E. McDonald, Mr.
W. II. Bailey and Rev. Dr. Mattoon.
CoL W. R. Myers and Mr. W. J. Yates
were called on but declined.
The speeches all referred to the ob
jects of the convention and were re
ceived with continued applause. The
utmost good feeling was manifested
throughout the entire meeting.
i The speeches concluded, a resolution
was passed unanimously by the citizens
of Charlotte in the convention recom
mending that a State convention be
called in the interest of immigration.
The convention then adjourned to
meet in this city on the 4th of July,
1879.
i Note. The reporter regrets having
been compelled to greatly condense the
report of the day's proceedings on act
count of their length. The only result
of such an abridgement is to lessen in a
measure the effect of the full and he&ljr
expression of the sentiment embodieu
in the paper. adopted. The. wlole pro
ceedings were charterized by the utmost
harmony and gKHl will, and the dele
gates manifested a genuine enthusiasm
in the work. . .. A
A Card.
Charlotte, N. C. Jan. 15th,
To My Friends and Patrons :
Twenty-three years ago, myself and
late lamented partner, came among you
poor and friendless. After twenty years
of arduous labor marked by your kind
est considerationwe built up the busi
ness, and the firm of Wittkowsky &
Rintels, of which, (I hope it is not egot
ism to sa)has proven not only one of,
institutions of Charlotte, but pointed to
with pride throughout the State. When
the business had reached to an almost
incredible magnitude an Allwise Dis-
poser saw fit to remove Mr. Rintels;
thus devolved upon myself the. almost
herculean task of managing alone the
entire business, "which had grown so
great" For a time I felt equal to the
task, but will and energy could not ac
complish everything and physical na
ture was about to succumb. In this
emergency I weighed carefully the giv
ing up of a business that had been car
ried successfully over the wear of con
traction and pressure, or joining with a
partner in business; when the same
des-.tiny that brought Mr. Rintels and
myself together has joined with me one
who is physically, mentally and pecuni
arily able to aid in keeping the business
at the enviable position it has attained,
I have now associated with me Mr,
Herman Baruch, late of Camden, S. C,
and the firm is now Wittkowsky &
Baruch" The business will be con
ducted in all its branches, at wholesale
and retail, as heretofore, and thanking
you for your very many favors in the
past, I solicit them for "the future and
as a guarantee, 1 offer my personal past
record ; and as to my partner, I respect
fully draw your attention to the article
below. "i ours, very truly.
S. Wittkowsky.
DEPARTURE OF MR. II. BARUCH.
(.Camden (a C.) Journal, Jan. 9th.
Our community is about to be depriv
ed of one of its most sterling and esti
mable merchants in the person of Mr.
H. Baruch. For ten years be has been
among us as a merchant, and from' his
success and serene countenance we had
hoped for him a longer time with us in
Camden ; but new fields loom up before
him. There is a distanoe that lends en
chantment to his view, and as he looks
upon it, he doffs his Camden garments
and shakes from his feet her dust all for
the delightful clime of Charlotte. In
bidding him adieu we wish him the
richest blessings of Heaven. If, in ten
years, he has riveted upon the peo-
Ele of his new home such esteem as he
as done in Camden, we will only say
that it is well deserved, and that they
are fortunate in having among them a
gentleman of such taste, character and
financial standing. The Journal bids
him solemnly good-bye, and extends a
long hand to Charlotte to welcome him
there. He is worthy of. all confidence,
and we feel assured that he will soos
have it in his new field of business." .
Wooden Building in the Heart of Ihe
cur.
To the Editor ot The Observer:
The reckless action of the board of
aldermen in giving permission for build
ing a machine shop within one block of
the public square and to use their lan
guage in "a thickly settled part of the
town," ought to have some public ex
pression of condemnation, eyen before
the first Monday in May The only
anxiety manifested in their action in
this important subject was to ascertain
whether the town would be liable in
damages for property likely to be des
troyed. They assert the danger but manifest
no concern for the safety of the proper
ty of the citizen, but are wholly absorb
ed with the question of damages.
They are well aware that a similar
inill in u pnmnQratiuplv rpmnf A nluf1
has been the cause of litigatipn and
much complaint They must have been
impressed with the justice of holding
the city responsible for the action, or
whv anticipate the question?
Voter.'
STATE NEWS.
Adjutant General Jones has gone. to
New York to attend a meeting of tne
militia officers of that city.
Crabtree creek, Wake county, was
higher Sunday than it had been before
in forty years. ;
Raleigh Observer: Robt McClellan
was found about 10 o'clock last night in
a dying condition in front of the store
of W. P. Barnes, in Lumberton, where
he was clerking. The indications were
that he had been thrown or had fallen
from the second story. He never spoke
after he was found. Inquest will be
held Saturday.
CHEW JACKSOX&BEST SWEET NA1 1
TOBACCO.
WLuiizxtvtkinQ.
UNDERTAKING
The undersigned Is now prepared to fill all orders
for every class of Undertaking. Having od hand a
full assortment of 1
COFFINS, CASKETS AND BURIAL C-iSESy '
Both Wood and MetallC
PRICES AS LOW AS AST.
Hearses furnished If desired.
Furniture of every Description Repaired tit shor
notice. .
W. M. WTLHELaf,
With E. G. Sogers, Trade Street.
June 20.
N
EW LIVERY STABLE.
If you want first-class Carriages, : Phaetons, Bag
gies or Saddle Horses, go to the New Livery
Stable. :!;,....
If yon want & Carriage and Baggage Wagon to
meet arriving or departing trains, go to the New
LtreryStable. if v:"''
If you want your horses wen fed and wen groomed
go to the New Livery Stable. ; f v '
Careful drivers, promptness and reasonable prices
are our motto. v . iii'-rlL,''
O TQCKHOLDEES' , MEETING.
Merchants 4 Farmers' National Bank, ! 1 1
The annual meeting of the stockholders Of this
bank will be held at their Banking Hoow. to this
dty. on Tuesday, the 14th January, l&JfifcBt
O'clock, M. J. B. HOLLAND. ; j
dec21 td Cashier.--1
-"ADDILL HOUSE,
GASTOMA,V I
GASTONIA, N C
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feblQrf.
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