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-v-":;- -'Ar-f;- ' t . 7 77- . 7 CHARLOTTE . DAILY OBSERVER, JULY ,1003. i t . , i ', t X. fir;. . GROVER Washington Herald. , The, people held thelf ex-Presidents In special regards but--sene has lived to enjoy the esteem of representative y citisens everywhere more Mufti Grover j Cleveland. The sense of loas will e ' keener - and "more general for him ' than fo any other ex-Prealdeni who has been spared after retirement from the treat office. His career was .'unique am on Presidents. He vu twice elected. In itself a dis tinction rio Presidents, but espe . ctalTy so for htm. because a period of ' four years intervened between his two term a , That honor has been conferred Upon no other of the eminent men who proceeded and followed him. But lie also had a plurality of the popu u far ote for each of the three times be waa his party's nominee. This plu ellty increased at each succeeding flection 62,683 in 1884, whenr he first triumphed at the polls and became the first Democratic President since Buchanan; 98.017 in 1888. when he waa defeated for re-election, and 380, ' lit when he was borne Into the White House In 1591 upon the greatt tidal wave ever known in modern Ameri- can politics. ,. . .For twenty yrars he stood forth ai the leader of a great political party. Chat returned to power after u pro scription of neariy atjjeneratlnn. o tnan In his tim of political mtlvity bad more turbulent elements to con tend with or en."U'iiered more bitter criticisms. But p'.tn nfter hv broke way from the rejru'ar party organ isation, which the sllverltes captured In 186. he c6ntinued one of the most conspicuous men in public life, and the first citizen of the I'nlted States, excepting the President. No other liv- Ing man had played so important a OE0VER part in affairs or had so distinct a personality. CAilK OF IN'TKLLKCTKAL STOCK. Orover Clovelan,! whs dorn In N w Jersey, the Hta.te whrrc lie spent the closing years of hW life. He lirru Haw the light ut Cal'lwell, Ks'ex touiily, Harch Hlh, lis?. Ili.i father wan Ilcv. Ftlvhar.J Failey Cu-viland. a gratudate of Yale in 1124, ami j.astr.r l a Presbyterian chnuli in ('aid- ... .1.. l . , ' ....( i"e '"ur Oljine ('.Ml 8 Dll tn. Illlfli mother wa Anna Ni-al, l.rf.ire her marriage, she wik of Irixh ixtrae tlpn, the daughter of a ltaltltnorc bookseller. The future President -was tho fifth Child of tho family, wlili ii ultimately Included four boys, and live Klrl. Me received hu name 0f .stvplien tirover from tne Presbyterian pnstor wh'i had preceded his father In the i'a,,. pulpK, but eaxly dropped th flrft iisme. The 'leVlands were of Kiik ,lsh origin, the first In this country, JMoses Cleveland, having snio from Ipswich In 142S. Several m.n of the lineage occupied honorable positlnim during their lives, with strong bent toward mental work, wherever they w.ere found. Dr. Aaron t'leveian-l, tho (.-President's great-great-Krandfa-ther, was an KpU opal inlnter nd the friend of lienjamiti Franklin. Ai. ther took an active part In the Con necticut legislature of ,,Meer iliiy. Some of the Olevtands wre cilior mlths, some lawyrrs. and ot-hers. m Just Indicated, were ( ieravmen of dlf- .1.1 Th varloo. rh,.. . .... u,. , - .--, lAHirn uy j j. accounts lor the diversilied rwaenct or m, ROn,. during vou'h "The family moved to Fayettew'le. X T, near Byracime. wrim drover w n 4 years old. Th.. o. ..' Tim , ,. ... i... pM II :i Bine years, and GroVr To",, T i rll' harter did not permit It. but the pubUo schools Wh-n he wm , ' ('1, v,'1:M'd ItnmediHtrly ,.obscrlbed &0 ears of age. the family moved ! 'r';'? hlf ivr' 1''K'kea''Jk toward th" io Clinton. In Oneida, county Jn.i in 1 c'""'10"-- 1158 to Holland Patent fifteen mill. ! M1'' fani' "n hnno,t an1 lrlrnt from Ultra. But before 'itev ' HieE., mayor won XlUn tho nomination for Falley Clveland went to H," d Pa- : (;"rnor of New York. Alonw B. tent his son returned to Faveu. vire ' "rn'-"' ,h" "-PuMn Governor. M clerk in the village store li mla : known for his entwlty to Jobs JiailsWfl fur his servie ther the first nd lnd!,T"rB.n'",' lo political consider er and was to have tuj Z Mlon' but Ui Pny refused to r.- mTAMOXIS WATMESSAdE; -Following is the paragraph in the stirring war message of Cleveland to Congress in December, 1895,- which startled tw continents : ''I wi in my opinion, be the duty of tho United btates to resist by every means in its power, as willfut aggression upon its rights and interests, ;tho appropriation by Great Britain of any lands or . the exercise of the governmental jurisdiction over any territory,. which, after an investigation, weliave determined of right belongs to Venezuela." - (lEiElMDiilREERl "MARCH 18th; J837JUNE 24th 1908. second year. Before It expired his fa ther called him home to prepare for a college education-. Theee studies were hardly well be- f gxln whtta his father' died, and the young: student waa compewea 10 re sumo work to help support his mo ther and the younger children. For about a year he lived in New York City as a teacher in an institution for the blind, wnere his brother William, afterward a Presby terian clergyman, also taught. After visiting- his mother at Holland Patent in 1855 hedef ided to look for employ ment in the West, but rot no farther than Buffalo, where" his uncle, Lewis F. Allen.-who owned a large farm on an island in the Niagara river, set him to compiling a descriptive catalogue, entitled "The American Short Horn Herd Book. After a few months this uncle found an opportunity for the young man to enter a law office. Cleveland waa admitted to the bar in Eric county about four years af tervrd. that being In 1859. He had wrked industriously during his resi dence in the western section of the ; State, and for small compensation. His uncle paid him $10 a week for serv ices on he "Short Home catalogue. When he secured employment with the law firm. It was as clerk and copy ist, at 14 a week lie In gadmitted to the bar. he remained for three years with th firm where he had studied at first, on a salary of 1600, as manag ing clerk, ands oon on a salary of 11,000. In 1863 he was appointed as sistant districty attorney for Kris county, and held that place for three years. It was during his term that an urgent call for recruits In the Union army was made. Two of Cleveland's brothers, Richard. Cecil and Louis Frederick, had enlisted. As his mother and sisters werr dependent upon him, he borrowed money to buy a substi tute, it was long after the war ended before he was able to repay- ' the i money. j He was defeated the first time he? ran for an elective office. This was Irt i i6j, when he was 28 years 1 old, having received the Democratic dEVELAKB, nomination for rtlftrlcf attorney. Then he form. I a law partnership of his or, but in 16 liec.iin a member or the firm known an limning. Cleve land & F"lom. In 11)70 he w na a can tlldate Tor the office of sheriff, and was eloi ted. Three y. hts later, wti'Ti his term aa sheriff had expired he formed a new partnership, known us Hans, Cleveland ft IiN:ell. The lat niimed was the late W'ion S. Hlssell, i'ualmastt-r ijtncral during a. part of Air. Cleveland's m-coih! term. UKKW IX 1'OI'I LAK F.STKKM. Ciovi-laiid had been constantly growing In popnlar esteem when elect, il mayor of Huffalo, In 1 881. by a iliennnenH majority of 3,530. Tho traits tfiiil were . to notable during his subxequency Invumliency of important public places, characterized his ad ministration of affair in Huffalo. "There surely I no difference In his duties and obligations, whether a per son Is entrusted with the money of one man or many," he said In his In auguTST adiTniM as mayor, "and y-t It sometimes appears a. though th ofTl iholder aMiiiieii that a different rule of fidelity prevails between him and the taxpawTH than that whivh . chuulil ngul.ite 1 1 si conduct when, as '. an Individual, he holds thu money ' of his nrirhborx." i lie IriM isur.ited a wtrlctly business plan of ,nplu tinu the city's affairs, , exrrclfinjf the veto power f-rnjly. He savi-l the ctty about 1 1 .000,000 durlnjr the fuel six months of his term. One often ref. rred to was of a meas- e diverting an aproprlatlon of $.100 for to' observance of the Founh of July to lh observance of Iji-curatton I'll Till:' done on the ground that tii State eon'lilutitm and the i nomtpate him and put up Insteadt SecreUry of the Treasurr Folget, then In President Arthur Cabinet. The Cejn9CitS..niainaJfw.k.:.9!TflflA syarcuse m- lsz, over ttosweu r. Flower, afterward' Qovernor, and H. W. Slocum. In the nominating speech he was described to the con vention - "as a man who can com mand mot onl yths votes of his- own party, but also a large proportion of the independent voters of the State." He was not known to the public as a politician, and was not In any man ner identified with the so-called Dem ocratic ring. One Issue on which he made "his campaign was civil service reform. He also denounced the Inter ference of public officials at elections. New Tork gsve film the then un paralleled majority of 12. 0. It was estimated that 100,000 Re publicans supported him. EXERCISED THE VETO POWER FREELT. As Governor lie exercised the vet power freely. A bill to authorize a county board to purchase land out of the county rates for the erection Of a soldiers' monument was returned to the Legislature without his signature, as was a bill, promoted by Buffalo Democrats, to strengthen their hold upon the city administration, and a bill to reduce to five cents all street railroad fares in New York City. Many measures presented to him in volved imprrtant politics, but wheth er for or against his own party, he actud with straightforward regard for the public welfare and for the law. lie signed a bill placing absolute and undivided responsibility In making appointments upon mayors of cities. This place has, since then, been adopt ed in many American cities. It was the subject of much agitation at that time. It fannot he satd that Mr. Cleve land had become a national figure when the Democratic leaders during the ypring and summer of 1114, be gan to consider him for the presi dency. But his aggressive advocacy of reform in Htaje affairs when reform in national administration was becom ing a great cry, and the prospects that he vould carry New York added immensely to his availability. lie consented to be a candidate June 2sth of that year. Thecountry was tired of the self-glorification of the Republican party and 'disgusted with the corruption which had reared Its head during Urant's second term and reappeared during Arthur's ad ministration, especially In the star route frauds. Under such conditions Mr. Cleveland's fearless honesty was an unusually attractive qualification. The Chicago convention of July 11th selected him as the Democratic nom inee. The result was reached on the second ballot. Thomas A. Hendricks, w ho was a delegate in the convention, received tho nomination for Vice President. On the first ballot, taken July 10, Cleveland had ii'i out of 820 votes. HIS CAMPAIGN AOAIXST BLAINE. Cleveland wrote his letter of ac ceptance from L'pp?r garanao Lake, where he was taking a vacation. He declared for in "administering or the government In the honest, simple, and plain manner which is consistent with its character and purposes." The cam paign that year was remarkable in many particulars, the Republican candidate being James U. Blaine. Gen. B. F. Butler, of Massachusetts, was rhe candidate of the Labor and Greenback parties. The total vote was 10,067, 10. of which Cleveland received 4.871,886; Blaine, 4.851,891; Butler, 175,870, and John H. St. John, the Prohibitionist candidate, 150, 39. Cleveland had 219 votes In the elec toral college and Blaine 182. Mr. Cleveland made two speeches during the campaign, one In New Jer fey and one In Connecticut. Mr. Blaine mail several speeches and waved the bloody shirt extensively. The country awaited the advent of the first Democratic administration since the beginning -of tho civil war, then almoHt a quarter of a century, "lth great Interest. Naturally, Mr. Cleveland was the centre of that In terest to a greater extent than any In coming President eincn Lincoln. In Ie'emher following the election he pledged himself in a public letter to the executive rommltteu of the Na tional Civil Service Reform League to a fair and honest enforcement of the civil service law. He resigned as Gov ernor of New York when the Leg islature assembled January 6th, 185, but continued to reside at Albany till tie stalled for washiiigtun In March Ills Inauguration was the occasion of a great Democratic demonstration. The oath of office was administered at the east front of the Capitol by Chief Justice Walte. His Inaugural address declared for strict economy In dis bursing the finances of the nation, for Its . i i- -"ex - Evv i v A- - V v v v f e it1 !. . i r e?v ssfMnruv ni run lun sv; - a j -. , , 1 : v - tho Monroe doctrine, for the protec tion of tho Indians, for the security of the freed-men in their rUrhts. and for ieiedtlon or efflctHt employes i the Pudho service. .' SIGNED "GRANT'S COMMISSION. One. of Jhis earliest acts, as Presl dent, was tho signing of a commis sion as general for Grant in compliance- with an act of Congress Just passed. He nrfmed as his cabinet: Thomas F. Bayard, cf Delaware. Sec retary of state; Daniel Manning of New Tork, Secretary of the Treasury; William C .Endieott, of Massachu setts Secretary of War; William F. Vilas, of Wisconsin, Postmaster Gen eral; ;WlHlam C. Whitney, of New York, Secretary of the Navy; Augus tus H. Garland, of Arkansas, Attor ney General: Lucius O. C. Lamar, of Missouri,. Secretary of the Interior. In carrying out his pledges for re form in th . civil service. President Cleveland ' quickly came Into conflict with the leaders of his own party, a conflict that raged with greater or less Intensity on numerous questions till his public, career finally ended. He refuted to remove puhllc officials, ex cept for cause, save those charged with execution of policies of the ad- CLEVELAND'S Aorn in Caldwell. N. J., March 18th, 18ST. Read law In a . hotel attic. Admitted to the bar when 11 years old. Assistant district, attorney of Buffalo during civil war. Defeated for district attorney In 18(5. Elected sheriff of Buffalo In 1870. Elected mayor of Buffalo In 1881. Elected Governor of New York in 1881. " Elected President of the I'nlted States In 1884. Married to Frances Folsom In the White House, June,' Ills. Defeated for re-election by Benjamin Harrison In 1888, the tariff being the main issue. Again elected President In 1891, defeating Benjamin Harrison by the largest vote ever given a Democrat for the office. Sent sensational message to Congress In December, 189S, con cerning dispute between Great Britain and Venetuela, which forced the former country to arbitrate. Demanded reeall of British minister. Lord Sackvllle West, for expressing sentiments, in letter to mythical British" subject, favor able to Cleveland's candidacy. Ordered hauling down of American flag In Hawaiian Islands and withdrawal of American troops, but afterward reversed his attitude on this question. , While President was constantly at war with leaders of his party. Always bitterly opposed the free silver lueue. Resided at Princeton, N. J., since second retirement from tho presidency. Elected a trustee of Equitable Life, In June, 1905. Chosen chairman of Assoclatl6n of Life Insurance Presidents In 1907. Member of the executive committee of the National Civic Federation, and the American Philosophical Society, the American Historical Society and a trustee of Princeton University, Died at Princeton, N. J., June 24th, 1908. ministration, such as heads of de partments and foreign ministers. Mr. Cleveland would not however, tolerate "offensive partisanship" In of fice, and many lost their positions for being too Intense In politics. During the very first year of his administra tion, he gave proof of a desire to rec oncile the two sections, the North and the South. On the death of Grant, many ex-Confederate generals came to act as pall-bearers at his funeral, and the (President himself Was the most distinguished of the many mourners. Ho visited Richmond, Va., to attend the State fair, and in a speech emphasised how one of the great functions of a Sta"to was toward the training of American cltisens. GAVE WARNING op CURRENCY EVILS. Many 'of j the large tasks of his first administration have extended Into subsequent administrations, notably the tajik of' building the new; American navy,, which Secretary Whitney ener getically undertook. The currency question, which rent his party asunder In a presidential campaign more, than avdecade afterward, had oyen then become troublesome. Mr. Cleveland urged the repeal of the Bland aot, which compelled him to buy silver and coin it Into dollars, but his words .fell upon deaf ears In Congress. Tho Increase in the Treasury Surplus waa a problem he had to grapple with, where, eight . years later, his chief problem was the maintenance of a gold reserve. His vigorous exerclse of the veto power aroused great Indignation, es pecially his veto of private pension bills. More than Any of his predeces sors, possibly, he gave attention to de tails of administration and Inquired personally into matters that most - .-v veeuriivniiAAmiini kimu A." 'k, '' ",.-7 1. J f V Presidents entrusted to subordinates. During his first terra" vetoed 101 bills. Most of these were pension llls or bills for public buildings. , i One very , interesting' White, House event of tho administration was the mafrrlage of .the .President and ; Miss Frances' yolsomi- daughter or . Mr, Cleveland's former law partner, which occurred June 2d, 1886.- Like tho last Democratic President before tho civil war, tho first after tho war entered theH Whito House as a- bachelor, but : he soon took as his wife the youngest lady,- with tho exception of Polly Mad Ison, of any matron who had over pro- sided there. - The marriage was IheJ first of any President's to bo celebrat ed within tho Maaatos. ..... . . . HIS NOTABLE ' TARIOT ilESSAOE, There was a notable conflict: with tho Senate In tho winter of 1888 over a demand for all tho paper In the case of an official removed. A long strug gle ensued over other" removals, but the Senate eventually, confirmed most of the appointments. JThe President forwarded" a message to .: the Senate, contending that the authority for re moval or suspension ' from office Jay entirely with the Executive. Just as he was entering upon tho last half of his first term. Mr, Cleveland preclplf tated his famous tariff message. It was presented ' to Congress Ini " . M December, 1887. and precipitated the tariff struggle, which was the domi nant-Issue In two subsequent Preslden tlai,campalgns, In dne of which he was defeated for re-election, and In the second of which he was triumphantly intrenched In power. This message, probably the most famous of all Clove- LIFE IN BRIEF. land's State papers, was devoted en tirely to a plea for the revision of the tariff. The campaign of 1888 came on a few months after the tariff message. The country had prospered under his administration. Although there had been frequent conflicts of authority, not only with the Republican Senate, but to some extent with the House, which remained Democratic through out the four years, the Democrats en tered upon the campaign with confi dence. Mr. Cleveland was unanimous ly renominated at St. Louis In Jutv, 1888, an honor that had been accord ed to no other candidate than General Grant, since the second nomination of Jackson. The tariff was a leading issue In that campalpn. one of tho hardest fought up to that time of any since the first Lincoln campaign. The Democratic platform was mainly an echo ofCleve land'a unique message to Congress the previous December, and Democrats entered the campaign with the highest hopes of victory. On October 24th, Just before the November election, there appeared "the celebrated Murchl son letter, written from California 'by a supposed Englishman to Sir Sack vllle West, for information about the two political parties. Sir Sackvllle re plied confidentially, expressing a fa vorable. opinion of the disposition of tho Democracy toward England. Six days later President Cleveland re quested the 'minister's recall. The letter was regarded by Republicans as having a wide influence on the cam palgn, especially as the Jealousy of England was much stronger then than nowfc DEFEATED, HAD A POPULAR MA JORITY. Gen. Benjamin Harrison was elect " ' 1 ;4 - . . . . . - 1 ed over Mr. Cleveland oy 85 votes In tne electoral college, General Harrison fismng' ill and Mr. Cleveland' its but Mr." Cleveland had -a majority of Hie popular vote. He lost New Tork and Indiana, which States were then uecistve in rreaidentiar contests. ' The popular vote stood: Cleveland, 5.SS8, " At the short session ' f ; Congress following the election, Mr. Cleveland again, in his annual message, advocat ed tariff reduction, One of his most notable official acts before surrender ing office, to President Harrison was a veto or tne aireot tax-re funding bill. Returning -to Now Tork Cltv. A m- v.iicioa resunaoa practice oi law, en-1 wring into a partnership with tho firm of Bangs, Stetson, Tracy 4k MacVeagh. no immediately nag plenty .of clients, and acquired a competent fortune, This, however, would have seen larger had he not refused retainers from great corporations. He served fro quentlr In the role of arbitrator in litigation. While - pracUcIng law In New York, he purchased his summer home at Buzzard's Bay, where every summer since no has spent consider able time. "Gray Gables'! Is located near the summer home of oJseph Jef ferson, the veteran actor, -between whom and Mr. Cleveland there existed tne closest ties of friendship. Tho vl cinlty afforded excellent flshinsr and duck shooting, suid Mr. Cleveland was aevoted to both those forms of outdoor sport As an er-Presldent durlnr those f An B . , , 1 . I . . . ' . vu. ,xii ui iaf xiarriBon term, Mr, ieveiana msistea mat ne nad a ngnt to express his; opinion unon any subject, repudiating the popular idea that ex-Presidents "should imply exist, and be blind, deaf ard aumo. This sentiment wan - ox pressed In a speech at Sandwich, Mass, Mr. Cleveland lived up to It dur ing tne remainder of his days. He was frequently before the public In speech or writings thereafter, not only before ho becamo President second time, but during the years of his retirement after a cecond term. He continually advocated tariff re vision prior to the 1832 campaign, and was equally- emphatic about the danger of free ojlver schemes, which republicans, quite as much as .Demo crats, had been oresslnsr to the fore One of his most famous manifestoes was that of February, 1891, to the Reform Club, of New York, In de clining an invitation to attend a meeting. In that manifesto ho du nounced "the dangerous and reck less experiment of free, unlimited and Independent silver eolnaiM." Those outspoken utterances at a t'mo when most other politicians of both parties were trimming on the Oliver Issue were effective In making him again President. SECOND ELECTION -DENCI. TO PRESI- He was nominated a third time for President . at Chlcano in 1892. There was great opposition to him among the politicians, hut that was overcome largely by tho magnificent generalship off the lata William C. nitney. who had been Secrets rv of the Navy during his first administra tion. Mr. Harrison was renominated by the Republicans ai Mlnnoapolit. The McKlnlev tariff act waa nna of the chief issues, but the force bill, which the Fifty-first Conarcss attempted to enact,, waa t.lso a fac tor. Mr. Cleveland von a most sweeping victory, carrying the States of New York, Indiana, Wisconsin and Illinois, the last two belne: Re publican strongholds. He also found himself supported by Democrstla ma jorities In both the Senate and House, whereas during his first term he had a Democratic majority In the House only. KThe electoral vote was: Cleveland, ' 277; Harrison, 14; Weaver, 21. The popular vote for Cleveland was 6,560,918; for Harri son. 6,176,914. The. country had already entered upon a period of Industrial depres sion when Mr. Cleveland was Inaugu rated. He at once begah anew to combst free silver Ideas and to urge revision of the tariff. There has been no more turbulent Industrial and financial period during; the entire history of the country than came between 1S9J and 1897. It would be useless- reiteration to recount how Mr. Cleveland stood for maintaining a gold reserve, or how he denounced the Wilson tariff bill as modified by Senators Gorman and Brlce That bill he finally allowed to become a law without his signature. As tlyise troublesome, years recede. air. ciuveiand s greatness as a Presl dent in keeping the country from financial bankruptcy Is more and more generally conceded. He en dured a storm of the severest criti cism, much of it from" his own tartv: He met the end conditions fearlessly and would not yield hls views of what seemed right In August, after his Inauguration in March, he called a special session of Congress to repeal the Sherman silver-purchasins; act, which he re garded as chiefly responsible for the financial ills. That act had become law July 12th. 1890, requiring the purchase of 4,600,000 ounces of sliver every month, to be paid for In Treasury notes, redeemable in gold or silver. That law superseded ths Bland act of 1878, requiring a pur chase of not lees than $2,000,000 of silver monthly, to be coined as fast as purchased Into sliver ' dollars. The Sherman act was repealed after 4 a rooHt tm past uoui session, at Which the President differences , with Senate leaders were emphasised. SALE OF BONDS BY THE TREAS URY. . ...... After a few months It appeared that the refHal of the Sherman law did not adequately protect tho gold reserve In the Treasury, and1 Mr. Cleveland resorteg to the sale of bonds. Between February 1st. -1814. and the beginning of 181 the Treas ury sold 8162.111,400 in bonds for about tl8l.00O.O00 in gold. That aroused severe criticism, especially the sale of on issue to a Syndicate of New York bankers without adver tising for bids. Another famous act of hi second administration was the withdrawal from the . Senate of a i - CLEVELAND ON QUESTIONS OF HOUR. r.. - - -- li"- - - . PUBLIC pFTPICE IS A PUBLIC TRUST. 7 Zi .Tour orery vote, as surely as your Chief Magistrate, under the earns high sanction, though In a different sphere, exercises a public -z trust. Inaugural Address March 4th, 1881. J - . . - .. ., . ' OFFENSIVE PARTISANSHIP. ' :; ""Many holding ' government positions have forfeited all claim to''" , retention because they have used their places for party purpose in -direct contradiction of their duty to the people and because. In ' stead of being decent public servants, they have proved them selves offensive partisans." Letter to George W.. Curtis, of the Civil - -Service Reform League. - " ' .: : "' INNOCUOUS DESUETUDE. ; ' ' -:.;- ,. ... : -' '7 . "And so it happens that-after an existence of nearly, twenty years of an almost Innocuous desuetude, these lows are brought' forth, apparently the repealed as well as the unrepealed, and put. " In the way of n Executive who. is willing, tf permitted, to attempt sn improvement, in the methods of administration," Message to Senate March 1st, 1181. ... ... . ; .. - fV- ,; treaty of annexat!onbvlth ' Hawaii. Mr. Blount, of Georgia, was sect, to ' the islands with paramount t au- .' thority. and the-action of John Ij. 'V ; Stevens In landing marines to aid the revolutionists- in the establish- ! . ment ; of sr republic, -lri tha . - latter " " part of Harrison's administration, J ? was epudiated-These transactions' led., to. tho -popular recognition of . . . Mr. Cleveland. as a friend of Oueen UHuokalani. . y W' ft v; .-'?-; V To - add to the vexatious question 7 ' - that, perplexed ' his - administration. Mr. Cleveland was confronted in - -1898' with a large and Jiostlle Be publlean majority In the House- of ;; Representatives: Just as that Con gress was getting under war-for iu' work in December, 1885, Mr. Clev-. land.-', startled the-'' country and .v U Europe, as well, with his Venettielao - ? message.- This dealt with the long sUndlnsv dlsnute between Veneftuela f and Great Britain over the boundary " : or - British Oulana. -. Mr. Cleveland f " asserted this government's right ' to demand that the truth should be ascertained with reference to that controversy. I Congress promptly ap- propriated for a special commission x ' to undertake sthat task, EngUnd eventually consented to submit the boundary matter to arbitration. Labor troubles were .likewise a feature of the. industrial depression " during Mr. Cleveland's incumbencv f - of th. White House. , Jn the spring i and summer of 1894 1 there was a great railroad slrlke In Chicago, . originating at 'the Pullman Palace Car Company's works. . The Amerl- . ' can Railway - Union, headed by Eugene V. Debs, was arrayed against the railroad corporations, and the strike in the course of a few weeks - aeveiopea into violence. - By July 2d of that year Federal troops had been assembled in the cltv on Mr. Cleveland's order, because the trans portation of the mail had been ; interfered with. The presence of the troops soon effded the strike. The use of Injunctions against strikers originated during' that con filet In March of that same year the Army of Commonwealers began to organise in different parts of the country, and eventually proceeded to Washington. under command of Coxey, to make a demonstration on the grounds and steps of the Capitol." One of Mr. Cleveland's later acts of Importance as President was the Issuance of an order adding 80,000 more places to the civil service. The' abolition of the spoils system ts largely due to him. He also vetoed large river and harbor bill but Congress passed it over his veto. REFUSED TO SUPPORT BRYAN, Long before the presidential cam paign of 1890 It became apparent that finance would be the dominating Issue. Mr. Cleveland's party did not uphold his fight against free silver. The Republicans, although la Cdff- gress they had added to his em barrassment In many Ways, declared substantially for the gold standard. -When the free sllverltes captured the Democratic organization at the Chicago convention and nominated Mr. Bryan, President Cleveland re fused to support either the nomlsee or the platform. He was identified with the so-called gold wing during both of the Bryan campaigns. Soon after his term as President expired he took up his residence at Princeton, N. J. He continued to have an' active interest in politics, and prior to the campaign of 1904 frequently exhorted his party to re turn to "safe and sane"princlples. In Interviews and In writings he em phasised his opinions On current questions. He promptly approved the nominees and platform of the St. Louis convention. Krom time to time he co-operated with the party leaders by counsel and by friendly utterances, but declined, on account of his advancing years, to take the stump. There had been considerable agitation for his nomination for Ue presidency. He seemed at times In a receptive mood, but never declared his willingness to be a candidate. After the death of General Harri son Mr. Cleveland was the only living ex-President of the United States. The dignity with which he main tained himself and the beauty of his simple domeetlo life at Princeton were Ideal in their Americanism. No ex-President, In the opinion of his countrymen, ever honored that un official but exalted station, to a greater degree. He refrained from professional tasks, but lectured occasionally at Princeton University, and wrote considerably. His range of topics extended from disquisitions on angling to dis cussions on cltlsenship. He re viewed, during the early summer, certain disputed questions of his sec ond administration, such as the Chicago strike and the bond issues. He was in this city several times during the past eight years, but with one or two exceptions, only briefly, when an- route-to other -points. He was a distinguished mourner at the bier of President McKlnley during the funeral In the Rotunda of the CapitoL A. CLE VELA XD MOJTUMEXT. New Tork Starts thei -Movement For to Memorial. New York. Times. A fonument commemorating the distinguished career and the great -public services of Orover Cleveland should be erected In the CHy of New York. He was Governor of this State. He went from the Governor's chair," to tho presidency. He prac- flcelltl 1ntrrlr-cttyr-anA for-womo years' was a resident here: - Some time After his retirement from office at ths close of his second term, he became Identified with large business Interests In the City of. New York. It would bo considered appropriate, -we think, that the chamber of com ferce, of which Mr. Cleveland' was a -member, and which numbers In .its membership o many of the chief men of the city, should undertake the raising of a fund for the erection here of a worthy memorial. Upon the re-assembling of Con- -gross, we presume that provision will be made for a monument at Washing,, ton as the nation's tribute to the memory of one of the greatest of its Presidents. ' , . ' . 1 - r ; .1 t . - ' " . ; ' ', t - -
The Charlotte Observer (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
July 9, 1908, edition 1
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