JjY BEtf JAMIl 'SVALtf
WlZSTEO ITIS LIVE FOR, BUTTOVtPBOVTS OUaSELVUS AXD BB VSZFUL TOONE JIZOTnEB
VOLUME I -Mttl BEK 1 1
A8IIB0ROUGHr N;C. SATURDAY, APRIL 1, 1837.
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EOUTHKRN CITIZliKvi
EveV
iw iHam cff nnnum in fli-
or Ttfce dolflw, T
not paW f?i'(fcm tftm mon(if
JVoni ffc date of the
of the publication
'o tnbsertpt Ion Ub e diicontin
r d tili al arrearages be paid
JUl Icifcri, rrknnleationk fc
to r ome iost paid
AovBRTifiEMr.NTit JnserUdoh
of by leading State politician who
ha? C friends to favor, and political
- '- ....... ..
partisans to gratify! , lt will cer-
lain v not be returner to those w no
paid it, and who have most need of
ii, vuu arc nonesuy enuiicu ion.
There Tsbut one Vafe riiK and that
is, to confine the General Govern
ment rigidly within the sphere of
113 appropriate amies. - i nas no
power to raise a revenue, of impose
taxes. exceDt for the ournosca e nu-
mcra.cu id we ynnsiuuiign, nu jii
ts income it found to exceed these
wantt, it should be forthwith redo
red, and the burdens of the people
o iar iizntenea ;
? In reviewing the conflicts which
have taken place' between different
interests in the United States, and
the policy pursued since the adop
uon oi our present lorn oi govern
caent; we fiad nothtn? that has pro
such deep seated evil as the
I : FARE W KLL AOOllESS ; l
i..: ,a-v -v.'? or"- tc"r'r.
1 tut. rr,on k the o. TATg.
(rencfu.)
r:4TbertsuU of this decision has
been felt in the rPl'i e'xti . ish
nent of the; public debt nd the
tirte accumulation of a surplus in
J?3S 1 1 the treasury, notwithstanding 5 the
p eaoi.li imu was reuueeaz ana is now verv
. : - w-- . ..w
far ; below the amouni . originally
contemplated by its advotfftet. But
relv anon iLI the design id collect
aa ettraviant revenue, and to bur
den ywi with taxes beyond the e
.vi. hivh .avii vi uui ,vauuvt wuiuiiic tr .iiic uui rua ui uaic uccu iu scAsuii ui war, wim
citizen and threatened to pervade political : influence; and whatever an enemy at your doors! ' N na
all classes of societj , ahd to withv mavejhejdisposidona of -some-ofTtio
timw uicir bucihiuii irum wic soiier idcdi, ineir power oi miseniei must i states couia nave come out victon
J i. .f L....t ..,1.1.1.) . a 2 - ' i- ''t ' m 1 " . '
pursuus ui iiuucbi muusiry . ii i necessarily oe conunea to a narrow
not by encouraging tin spirit that : space, and felt only in their imme
wc shall best preserve public vir- diate n'eichborhoods. ' ' ' T v
f .- n - - ji 1 .1. ; - . !
tue and promote the true interestsj.M But Iwhen the charter for the
nrniip rnnnfrv . . Hut ll. vnur rtif . Rmb nfih InHA tamm H.
iviu v vuuuiiucj a vAviuaitciv pa aamcu i rum voogrcM, u pcrietc iroin its secret coutiave wouiu nave v
perils i uw is, i ' win lUMcrimsi ins Hcuemes oi lae paper sysiein, uicutica me cimice oi your mgiitsa
eager desire to amas wealth with , and gave to its advocates (he posi- offleers, and compelled you to make 4
I !! St Will mil It I nit tVl num. t tii Mi kana.tiHiiM.tail tr nKtsln. kmm rta a n ku t J..ltA i U .
own wishes. The forms of yous
government might, for tinvev have
remained; but its living spirit would
ha ve 'd e na r ted f m m i ''gTT -
ous from such a cCntesr ; ; y-t if von
had not conquered, the 'oytTument
would have passed from the hands
of the many to the hands 6f the fe wt
! and this organized ' money' power,
i m .
out labor; it will multiply the num lion th y have struirtrled to obtain.
from the commencement or tne r ea
ber of i dependants on bank accom
ibodations aod baqk favors: the
tempiauon to ooiain money at any
sacrifice : will ofcome stronger and
strbhieir,Und inevitably lead 'to
corruption, wbicli will find its way
into your public councils, and
destroy, at no distant day, "the pu-
. -r . i
rityoi your uoveromeni. i none oi
the evils which arise. wm this sys
tem of . naner. bresa with necnliar
Cdurse of If gUUlion In relation to I hardship upon the clasa of society
the currency. Z The constitution of least able to bear it. ? A'pordou of
the United Slates unquestionably (this currency frcquntly becomes de
intended to secure to the people a preciajtod or worthless, and all of it
circutaung meaium oi gou inu wi-1 whj wuhiwivuw, .u iiuwia
ver; Hut the eatablishment .m a wnjner$30T.
national bank by Congresstwith and much experience to distinguish
the privilege of issuing paper mo- the condlerfeit from the genuine
ney receivaoic in ue payment oi noic. i new irauus rc uiu
the pnblk dues, andlhe unfortnn erally perpetrated in the amaller
ate course of legislation in the Se- notes, which are used in the daily
. CI iLiA.I.!..!1 iaa af; ft " itt ' a1 f 1 1 la i II Afiu
yerai otaicsiipon ncMiac cuujcci, Mmawu """"W'')
drove froQ general circulation the and the losses occasioned by tbeni
Constitutional currency, and substi are commonly thrown upon the la
tuted one of paper in its place. . boring classes of society, whose t
It walnU easy for men eagaged pursuita jutlt 'out of
in the nrdinirr nursuita of business. th" P" to themselves
T4
coaomical wants of the Government,
is not yet abandoned. .The ?an
Cus interests which have comb! ned
tfjttner to impose a heavy tari(T,&
(a ptodt.ee an ovr rflowing treasn
fy, are tooatrong. tni ', have too
ouch at stake to surrender the con
teit - The ccrptratidos and weal
thy individuals who are engaged in
large nanuracturin cstablTsmenU,
desire a high tariff to increase their
gains," DeNignintf olittrians will
suport it, to conciliate thet favor,
and to obtain the means cfbrofuse
expenaiinre. ior,tnepurpr' otp
chasing isCsence in cth-J Urtt
whoselauemion hadjorbeeirpa froni these impositions, and whose
ticnlarly drawn to the subject, to aily wages are necessary for their
eraL Govern m ut down to the pre
sent hour. Thv im mense, ca pitil,
and Deciiiiar- privilest bestowed
upon it, enabled it t exercise des
potic -sway, over the other banks
in every part tf the country " From
its superior trtD',tn9 it could sen
ously injure, if not destroy, the
business uf any one of;themwhich
might incur its resentment; and it
openly claimed lor itself the power
of regulating the currency through
out the United" btates. In other
words, it aasened (and it und ubt
edly possessed) the po wer to m -ke
money plenty or acare, at.its pca
sure, at anv time and in any quar-
- W Ma m m i
terofUhe Union, by controlling
the issues of other banks, and per-.
mittins'an expression or compell-
ine a ceneral contraction, of the
circulating medium, according to
its own will. The other hanking
institutions were sensible of iU
irsngthi and they soon generally
became its obedient instruments.
readv at all times 'O execute its
j - - . .
mandates; and with the banks ne
r..A .11 : ui r . suosistance. Al is me out? oi every
MiaMflav atvrl ne, vi w J n.n mnA Government so to regulate its cur-
we ought not on that account, to be t 10 Protcct. th'f
e. .,,. r.,.;. wk h;.i, claasss far as practicable from the
ia .r im positions of avarice end fraud.---
- . - . I t im ' a. Al-rtuSiial 1 XT tU AltVtt
evenghtenedeerare-aome4theUn,te
The ' distress and suffering in.
flicted on the pebpleby :.the bank,
are some oi trie lruits or that sys
tem of policy which is continnally
striving to enlarge the authority! of
ne reurrai uovernment Devon a
he limil fixed by the Constitution.
The powers enumerated in tbxt in
strument do not confer on OfMigree
the right to estaMish au b a corpo
ratiort asa Hank of the United Stated
and the evilHonsequencea which
ollowed mar Warn us of the dan
ger of departing fnm the true rule
of coustr c ion, and of permitting
temporary circumstances or tno
hone of better Drotimtins; the nub
lie welfare, to influence in any d-
gree, our decisions upjn the extene
of the authority of the General Go
vcrnment. Let us abide by tho
Constitution as Una written, orJa
mend it in the Constitutional mode,
If is is found to be defective. ,
w ,u. .n.i ernment is emphatically the wov
plausible aUtements of the design- e",mcnt of ft P1
L- n.. ...:..n;.k.; this rcsncctable portion of our citi-
ved the mUchiets and dangers of a fL P fad,f ngmshed
MM...V n.i : 'wi.1 :k from the labonne classes of all oth-
Tii lii d;mfne whether iheiird. k nUo, by their mJependent
.1 TV. iviliirA liinv fannrUrl lillCitiXtuv-t, .... r.
and sinee'tha people I ' decided on public confidence, and having of narr. a neir .nana ry.
. . . . ' . r i . 1.. C .. . .v . in nf i th Knnrrfnf our wealth.
wat the federal UoV ;:ri t can- itsell no intrinsic vame, it is name ; "V
net be permitted to Mm in- to great-and sudden fluctuations; andhev"?
come in Internal ir rovV Sg;erlthmby rendering property; inse- ered M0";
.v , .l. n:i. ..-jit: ernmeni uuiiru mu
ih win oc m (: w f :i ana cure, anu me wa.rc9viiur uNsvca-i. , .. . .
iM th ekiz ' nf ti. iwrj dr. tad,
.. W:.W: 3 " he rion. which :te th. piper m. SP-T" ?-.
. , A -r - - . . -.. irl. 1111 1HM1I1UUOI A-ft fw T
5f?-fi??EMS ;? that their interesU om.tl effec
vUQ ClrCUlaVvluK Bvumm uniiwiui iu . - . , . 'M-. J
cess-irilv went- tint numerous clasa
' ! i ::..-
or persons in our commercial vuic,
Who denend altogether on Dana cre
dits for their: solvency , and meana
of business; and who are, there
fore obliced, for their own safety
to propitiate the favor ofthe money
no weHnr d istin truished iealand
deuohon in its service. The result
of the ill ad vised legislatien which
established this great monopoly
was. to concentrate the whole mo
neyed power of the Union', with its
bound ess means oi corruption, ami
its numerous dependants, under the
direction and command of one ac
deceitful r,rcr
derived froiiV
fceted by'ief
U'l anneal'-'
CUtN.;-Ac'
fillaciotis Iu
uivicca ;ami t ttie WQtO connoence is i.ign, ucy ot- , , -- ;
if, enccdragc nhe temptei by the prospect of gain, or tlewsalone of An paper
' . ? i vl i. . ' . . lriitvnrv.resumcientto call tor im
i
l?r.rra.t .1
,r
Otiff'J
mauige
excccd;r?
wilL.V .
opprep
Ner?
if. ,
s, the States
principles ef ecc
k In characterixe V.ry
5overoBent,tnds ld
i lavish expend! "es
th:ir . rcsr,trces, I y
.-re l:r.7, f -.Athens,
cd-witHCvt nivliichr
iblo to pay, j ..J the tt .
will hero rr.2 irrc Uu '5
nortahigh tarin'; ; n
jbtain 4 surplus for disiri, j
Do not allow vourselvrs l
citizens, in be misled on tl '
The Federal Governmt
bV the influence of those who pro- currency,are sulficien to can tor im
oy Mwiauuvuv y reform: but there is anoth-
at lv lu w eaicnu wicir wsuw wii- ' , . . . -u
L CIIa .u. f au. er consideration which fhoud still
tion and the!reaiojiabledema:id of more wronvjij ,VW"
An fMrt, tnl Recent events have nroveil that
davi until the public confidence is the papers moneys system of this
11 lr, At 11 . ' a! ' "TlL -aw Um. iabt tin afVint
i.aw .kftbM man za roiriinn irnnnirv iiajaw tic uovvs. -v
fir ipriviii ia.ua avriia 0iaa it a aavawM 1 j ,
-rTht severrlessonsTifxneTience
will, I doubt no', be eufTicient to
prevent Congress from again char-
wring sucn a monpoy, even it tho
jtj 1
-oiiMiia'iun uiu not prcseaiaii in
superable objection to it. But you
must remember, my fellow citizens
that eternal vigilance, by. the people
Is the price of liberty; and that
you musTpay the price if youVish
to secure the blessing. It behooves
you, thereioret to be' watchful ia
your State as well as in the Fed
eral Government. The power which
the moneyed interest can exercise.
when concentrated uader a single
knowjedged head; thus organizing 0ffurrt.,,Cy , was sufficiently demon-
1,1 P,ruV,,r lu.1""1 a istrated in the .struggle made bv the
tl a.rnrinor t i it nnitv and concert : n.L -e .l. rr:. j ifi. n. rl.
of action throughout the-Umted t inthe General Government, tho
oia.w, anu ciin6 u..o jme clw of mtneguers and poll-
ward, dpon any occasioni its entire ticians will now resort to theXtatcf
and undivided strength to support tnd endeavLr l0 obtain there tho
or defeat any ocasuref -the Aiovr Utne oreanizaUcnt which thev fai-.
ernment. t in the hands of this; Tor- !ed t0 perpeiualc jn thetJnionj and
midabte power, thua perfectly or- whh apecioua and deceitful plans
gamzca, was aiso piccu hbiwhw of public advantages, aod State h
dominion oyer the amount of tthe Urests and Sute thev
circulating medium, giving it the cndeilvort0 establish in the differ
power to regulate inevaiuB 01 pro- wt SUtw0M ;ll0nt:) t.d institution
pertyand the fruit! 1 of laborln eve- h ov rftwn capr:iK Rlld
IruU exclnstverivileg,, U,iet
on an? city or section of the coun- to enable it to control the ope.
trv. a mizht best com DOrlwitbJti I ttdQaatthe-fltherJiiinkiP
n.HMr ' - ' ' I inatllltini will Ka
nWD IIILClCll ur iwitvi. auvu cu iusuiuviuh ! uvj
i I
takes place, and they immediately to undermine your free institutions
.:.u.i:. t,.v hitf rn. Und 'that, those who desire -to en-
....l.Unl onrtiU the r issuesj cross all oower in the hands of the
and produce an unexpected and I few, and to govern by corruption or
rUiaOUS COnira'llOii u mtwtvu; iuivvji -"--!, ' r j ,
ting medium, which" ia felt by the prepared to. employ it. ;, Your banks
...liJ ani.ntiw Th li.mlcA. hv now furnish vour1 only circulating
wm b L'uu uuuui . . " 1 , . ... 1 .
. oUcctaswrblusfor such pu These means, save themselvciw and medium, and mouey is plenty or
ithout violating the piinc- the mlsrhievous consequences of scarce, according to The
I the cons' itution; and assr , their intprudence of cupidity are of' notes; issued by ;them. hue
. ...v. r.v. aW aM a. 1 1 . 1 itifn v 4 1 n" iini
jwers wmcu nayc nwi oecuvintca upoa v umuiv.
- .11 ia moreover a sysien. tne evil stop ne re
...1 it ..r.li .m1 U: . t- .1.. W."nd these It
''V. Ull'l II Iiv IJIS I III, IV II. 1 IOWS in Hlv " " , . " j I T "l . .
liscrcet CXtentlonS OI, crcuiw .nam- uuq 01 mrni
ill v encender 'i spirit of specula- over the rest; and although, in The
t y"I " . a ,r., 1 i itL '..,1 1 i-..-. f tkiiiM'Mrv: these
t"'h . .. -tf I..... I ,1 nnomtft lniurions-
uracter OI the P?0piC ' uauw mj aiiu y "r" , JvT J
iirit of spccntatioli in tae public pecuniary conccrnsjand jh moral
TV .11 irUA nf atnek: ton nf .nriftiv: vet, from their nura-
IUI5, anil ' 1 ;-jr . . ,
lAlch WlthWtlie last feat fr eftostton, they
i
I
lead To corfuntionl and
1 In ruin; The' surplus re-
.1 ue urawn troni 1 lie pocic-
I m-ai ,' J f : .
pcowe, irom tn larracr,
Jcililhlafwing'Blas
y$ but who will receive
jstributed' amonts The
11 ji tot do uuposea
WVire notleutoconiecturehowt.r.frnant with the imA pviU
the moneyed vower, thus orani- pfodaced by the T bank of the
SlaWMK.TP!;rt! United State, although its,
hands, would be likely to use it.- ' 5. "
ThUistress and alarm whicn per- 7 "'"" , . ,
vaded and agiuttd the whole coun lined; and in the State in winch
try, when the Bank of the United it is chartered, the money pow
Statea waged war upon The people cr will, be able to embody its
in order to Compel them to subtnit wK0le , itrenh, and to move
to iudemandsf cannot 1 yet be for- .mw,u, with nnHivi.11 fore
eotten. The nithle and unspar- p" ; I
P". 1 V.LT"k:.k any ohjrt it
ine icmper wuu wuicu wnwic viw f . , v ' 1
and conLunities vera oppressed, may wish attain Nonhive
individuals impoverished and ruin- already had auunaant evuu nre
efl, ana a aceoB ui cnnnui 01 .. (. power i nyun
perity-suddenly 'changed into on-- (1p0t fa ajfriculturul.niei ban
ofgldom arfd-despondency, ought boring cUe ofsa-
ry of the people the United V ""- '
A lf.,,r.h waaits uowor in np?ements m trade
memorv
cai if....u i- 'I- Arhr'in onffattements. in inwe i
time of pcicewhat would it notlulation render them Ucj.e
t
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