THE ASHEVILLE GAZETTE-NESTS
Trlday, Sept., 13.
t;70
EXTEfiSIOH SGHOQL
OF AGfiiCULTUBE
Advocated by Soule for In
struction in Farm Theory
and Practice.
AVERAGE CROP YIELD
FALLING HE ASSERTS
Inauguration, of Extenslvo Scientific
Practice a National Com-crn
His Plan in Ik-tail.
Detroit, Sept. 13. The heed of ex
tension teaching in agriculture, what
such Instruction should include, plans
for organizing the work involved in
a campaign of agricultural education
and what has been accomplished al
ready, were discussed today by An
drew M. Soule, president of the Geor
gia state college of agriculture. Mr.
Soule's address in part follows:
"The subject matter considered un
der this caption may be divided Into
four sections: lirst, Is there need of
extension teaching in agriculture?
Second, What should extension teach-
ing Include? Third, Suggestions for
the organization of the work along
efficient lines; fourth, Some data with
reference to the progress anil results
attained by this method of instruc
tion. :
"The piesent condition of our agri
culture is unsatisfactory. It is evident
to the most casual oUserver that a
great depletion in soil fertility has
taken place in recent years; nor has
the malpractice in this direction been
arrrested. The yields per acre of our
farm crops have fallen to an alarm
ing degree and this in spite of the
sporadic efforts made here' and there
to maintain or increase yields on the
part, of the farmer by the use of va
rious soil amendments. The situation
is therefore one of national concern,
and the importance of the. case can
not" easily be overrated.
"There is much talk at the present
time of the movement back to the
land. The great need is to point out to
the land owner, and to the boy anil
the girl living in the country the pos
sibilities of farming where '-."lentilie
pedicles are inaugurated, and when
this is done the urban movement will
have been checkmated.
"Farmers obviously need help In
many directions, and it is essential
that it be brought to them as quickly
us possible and in the most acceptable
and easily understood manner. Tht
oft-repeated suggestion that an agri
cultural revolution may be brought
about is one of the facts now as well
demonstrated as man's mastery of
'. electricity, but little has ever been
done to put the knowledge which is
to bring about this desirable result in
an acceptable form within the reach
of those who must poHrvss It if the
end sought is to be attained. Intelli
gent consideration calls for a defini
tion of what extension teaching may
properly include. Generally speaking,
it may he regarded as a method of
disseminating information on all top
ics related to agriculture In the
broadest sense of the word.
The Kvti'iision Seliool.
"L'nder the systematic instruction
may be included what is known as
the extension school, which under
takes, as its name shows, to carry on
definite Instructions along certain
lines Into a given community for a
period of three days to a month. This
ts probably one of the most efficient
forms of extension teaching which
can be Inaugurated in any state.
"The experimental farm or definite
soil test area will follow next in im
portance. Correspondence courses
would be found helpful. The lecturi
and reading course will nlso be foun '
helpful In many communities. In ot"
er instances study clubs may be for;.,
ed, and last but not least under thb
division would be ranked the work o!
the hoys' and girls' clubs.
"Under the head of informal teach
ing probably the most efficient agen
cy Is the farmers' Ini-iltute. Then
would come the farmer;;' week ecu
erally arranged for at the a .-rlcuUur e
college conferences of one kind am
another may be arranged either :i1
the college or In various local n
tern. The occasional lecture wo-.ib!
come under this head.
"l'nder object lesson teaching ru
ho grouped the farm demonstration
work, the special train, the fair ex
hibltion. the educational excursion
and publications. These should In
clude the press bulletins sent out
weekly or monthly, the leaflet or
agricultural periodical, series nf pop
ular bulletins, and traveling agrlcul
tural libraries.
"The work must be carefully organ
led and efficiently manned where ef
fective service Is contemplated. Then
men chosen for this line of work must
be experts In fact nnd reality. In th
administration of the work it will b
well to have an executive secretary
or a director of the extension service
with a staff of men nnd clerks under
his control. This constitutes the nu
clous for the organization nnd dlrec
tlon of the work. The experts needed
In agronomy. . horticulture, animal
husbandry, nuru'iiltural chemistry
etc., will be delegated from the mem
hers of the specialized staffs nf those
departments by the heads of th same
on request of the extension director,
"In organizing extension wcV
within the confines of any state, the
collet's should, of Cours", tliniertnki
to establish a satisfactory relationship
with all other agencies at worn with
In that state. These agencies may In
SILKS
Messallne, penti do Hols. Taf
fetu, and Foulards,
T.'.c, fl oo and ll.&tf a ynrd.
r demand for the new pat-
o : n.
clude the experiment station, the state
department of agriculture, farmers'
Institute organizations, normal achn.
district agricultural schools ina trie
United States department of agricul
ture. A co-operative plan of work can
generally be arrived at which will be
atistactory and enable till to work
to gethor in harmony and with great
er success than if they endeavored to
operate Independently. The number
of agencies to consider and the re
lationship which they shall bear to
each other, and the nature and extent
of the work undertaken by each can
only be properly determined by a
knowledge of the existing local condi
tions. .
While the public has not yet real
ized the all-important nature of ex
tension teaching so far as agricultural
topics are concerned, the work has al
ready mado remarkable progres. Six
years ago practically nothing had
been done along this line save the
rganization of farmers' Institutes.
Now there are extension departments
in more than thirty states, employing
several hundred men as specialists.
It is now conceded that the agri
cultural colleges and experiment sta
tions havv.'iatl a marvelous influence
on the e. oii'-.inlc development of the
nited States. It is quite certain that
he .'service which these institutions
have reniUred up to the present time
f to be greatly magnified through
the development of their extension
teaching facilities."
coiurs PUN
TD AlO FARMER
(Continued from Page One)
are paid up by the members, the re
serve fund, savings deposits and de
posits on account, and finally vtlie
sums which the bank procures by
means of loans from central co-operative
banks, other types of banks.
or private, individuals. The business
of the rural bank consists for the
most part in making advances to the
membersSurplus cash on hand Is de
posited with the central banks or lo
cated in banking operations with
third parties."
Summing up the relations between
the proposed plan of the monetary
ommisslon for bank-note reform
and land mortgage banks, Sir. Cou
nt declared that the farmer has the
right to demand the same facilities
find opportunities for obtaining credit
s the manufacturer and merchant.
with the limitation that the facilities
ifforded him must be based upon
banking principles.
" A central organization for the ls-
ne of mortgage bonds, recognized by
the federal government, like the Cred
it Fonder, would probably be re-
luired in order to give the bonds a
MilT'eient guarantee and a wide mar-
;et," he said. "Organizations under
state law, especially if they lacked the
guarantee of tile state government.
would defeat the principle of a broad
reform in mortgage banking, because
ho bonds Issued in the poorer states
ould not be sold at home or abroad
at the same rate as those Issued In
the richer states, where there was less
need for such institutions.
A Tentative Plan.
'Without committing myself at this
time to a definite plan, it is probable
that It would be found advantageous
to establish state organizations,
harged with making local loans, un
der rules laid down by the central
organization, and that the latter
should be able to issue Its bonds un
der Its own guarantee, secured to It
by the deposit of mortgages or bonds
guaranteed by the state associations.
In other words, it might be found ad
visable to build up a co-operative
democracy of state mortgage loan
bnnks, united into a powerful central
organism, similar to that proposed In
the plan of the monetnry commission
for strenthening commercial banking
credit.
'It Is not impossible that the three
groat branches of banking, the com
mercial credit bunks, the mortgage
.inks, ard the postal savings bank
;i'tbt be linked together in n system
i Hon would give greater flexibility
'.it credit fhnn it has ever enjoyed in
ir 'larking history, by the uld of
which each, without violating sound
inliiritr principles, would be able to
.:tend to the others in time of need."
33132ICAN WOMEN TOO
THIN SAYS PRINCESS
ivS ihnt is I!ciiiisc Tlicy Hurry too
Mut ll. Tilled KilHMiuil
(llwcrvrs.
Washington, Sept. 13. Probably
he sweetest music yet poured Into
tho ears of American feminity by a
titled critic comes from the Hps of
Princess Gugcrine, of Russia, who,
while at a garden party at the white
bouse gave out the information that
she thought "American women are
loo slender."
"American women of good breed
ng ore so terribly slender." said the
princess, and her contentlona were
.uiitalned by her beautiful daughter
the Princess Sophia, who nodded up-
provlngbv
"They hurry too much. That is the
reason. Every place you see the
American woman, whether she Is go
Ing shopping, visiting or elsewhere,
she la going fast, nnd travels as If
she did not have a second to lose,
As for the men, tney walk twice as
fast ns the men of Europe."
Princess Gagarins says thnt Amerl
can women dress like the women In
other parts of the world, because they
follow Parisian styles.
Mqur nf Kt. Sophia Falling.
. .Constantinople. Bept. IS. The fam
oua Mosque of Pants. Sophia, built b
Justinian In the sixth century, wn-
considerably dumnged, H Is feared, by
the recent earthquake which shook
Eumpenn Turkey.
Two years "go It was discovered
that the huge dome of the mosque was
forcbig the supporting columns out
ward, and the line of the dome Itself
hup been falling in. -
Fir Francis Fox, who recently re
stored Wlnchoiter cathedral, and
Thomas G. Jackson, another well
known Knirlish architect, who were
consulted by thu Turkish officials,
piacnd trips of glass within the mos
one ns pollen tors In the event of the
itcmIiI, Fpri -H 0 in it. The, strips re
. i ', i v n 1 1 1 1 1 1 . phov leg thut tin
i ' . .'' . I i I IH H .1.
DECEIITUiri
OFBANKKJGPOWEB
. v , . .1 .
Urged by George M. Reynolds
in Detroit Address Resists
Publicity.
Detroit, Sept. 13. Speaking to the
subject "The Money Trust Inquiry,'
toorge M. Reynolds, president of the
Continental and Commercial National
bank of Chicago, yesterday said, ' 'If a
banker can be forced to disclose a con
fidential relationship between his bank
and its customer, It would require but
a short step further to capitalize for
the gratification of prejudice the con
fidences between an attorney and his
client, as well as-the secrets of the
confessional."
Mr.- Reynolds spoke before the trust
company section of the American
Hankers association nt its annual con
vention and disavowed any antagonism
to the congre-:sional Investigation by
the house committee.
IVlleving as I do," said the speak
er, "that open-minded. Honest agita
tion in which the public Is Interested,
prompted by a laudable purpose and
kept free from animus and prejudice.
tend to secure n. proper solution
of that question, I desire to disavow
iny antagonism for or opposition to
the impending Investigation of the so-
alled ' money trust by . the house
banking and currency committee; on
the contrary, I shall be glad to do
what I can to co-operate with tho
members of that committee so long as
their activities are exerted along the
lines of an honest endeavor calculated
to promote better methods and higher
deals in business."
Hanking conditions were discussed
by the speaker, who said In part:
"The fact that r per cent of the
business of this country is done upon
credit, and that the Use of actual
money In transactions has been reduc
ed to the minimum, makes It very easy
for people who do not properly dis
rimlnate between credit and money
itself to become Confused in the ap
plication -'of the terms; and especially
is this likely to be the case with those
who have given so little study to the
subject that they look upon a bank as
being an Institution dealing In money.
whereas, in reality a bank deals In
credit, and tho money it carries in its
vaults is ofily an Incident to its busi
ness, being carried only In an amount
sufficient under the law of averages
to make, it possible for the bank to
pay its obligations upon demand under
normal conditions.
Contusion of Credits With Money.
"This confusing of credit with
money, as it is related to bu-iness, ha -
caused much misapprehension on thi
subject and resulted in more or less
honest criticism by those who do not
realise that the 'money power' as It Is
usually applied relates to the power or
control of the credit which may ho ex
tended against either money or other
tangible liquid assets easily or qulckl
cou-.VTtlble into money; and In view
of the temper of the people toward
large aggregations of capital, It Is not
surprising that there has also arisen
much confusion and misconception
through the use o' the word 'money
power" and 'money trust." Oftentimes,
where quotations of alleged statements
are made, the word 'trust' Is, either
through confusion or arbitrarily, sub
stituted for the word 'power' making it
ippear as 'money trust," thereb:.
changing the meaning of the state
ment as it was originally made.
"I disclaim any knowledge, to sa
nothing of any connection with any
'money trust' of any character, and t
feel I would be derelict In my duty If
( were not to Say to you that I do not
believe any such trust exists.
Itopcaks Spirit of Fairness.
If a little more of the spirit of
fairness were to be injected Into a con
sideration and discussion of this sub-
leet, the masses of the people would
be less Inclined to hold prejudice
against or criticise banks, for, after
all, the banks are only the 'ware
houses' of the credits of the com mm,
Ity and the credits they control are
iiibject to the ebb and How Incident to
the fluctuations In business.
I have hesird more or less criticism
of bunks In this country upon the the
ory that the 'money power' Is In thi
hands of loo few people.
Inasmuch as whatever control In
divldunls may now have of our bank
Ing power comes to them under and
by virtue of the national banking law
as the result of a concentration of re
serves In tho central-reserve cities and
through b'gltlinnte practices In the or
dinary trend of buslm-m, and not.
mark you, through any violation or
evasion of the law on their part.
would it not he far more becoming to
criticise the law which forces this con
dition rather thnn to criticise the men
who under the law have the condition
forced upon them?
"As one who has been accused of
admitting that the 'money power" un
der existing conditions, or the power
lo extend credit In times of crises
rests In tho hands of a few
bankers In this country whose In
stltuttons carry the surplus banking
reserves, I have for three years past
been mnklng a plen to the people of
thin country to assist In securing legis
lation providing for a. system of bank
Ing nnd currency, which It Is believed
will very malerlnlly decentralize the
money power by placing It within thi
control of several thousand banks.
rather than to have It literally pon
trolled by tho bankers in the central
reserve cities, as at present.
Hunkers Would Welcome lcglnlntlon
'So fur as I know and believe, the
mnjorlty of the bankers In the centra)
reserve cltl recognize the enormity
of the responsibility which rests upon
them under the existing law and
would welcome any legislation that Is
Just and fair which would both mini
mize this responsibility and free them
from the unjust accusation thnt are
constantly being mnde ngalnst them
"The banks of the country are the
servants and not the masters of the
people, and It Is always to their oil
vantage to Serve the people provided
cohditlons are such that tbev ran do
so without an Infraction of the bank
Ing law."
in conclusion, Mr. Fteyirold said:
"I do not believe the bunkers of the
country will enter the slightest objec
Hon to the making of a roniprehenal
tile Invrxtlr.atlon of the banks by thosr
( hiirireil by the house wttti that re
p'jiiMibiiity, to Jung as im h Invent
tlon does not require them to disclose I
to the public the confidential relations I
existing between themselves and their
customers, the divulgence of which
might greatly embarrass the customer
and thereby do serious Injury to the
banks. In my opinion the banks
should, and I believe they would to the
limit of their ability to do so. decline
to make this information public.
'If a banker can be forced to dis
close a confidential relationship be
tween his bank and Its customer, it
would require but a short step further
to capltllze for tho grutUlcatlon of
prejudice the confidences between the
uttorney and his client, "as well as the
secrets of the confessional.
I cannot believe a condition exists
which can begin to Justify such drastic
treatment; no more do 1 believe con
gress will take any action which would
strike so directly at the personal rights
and liberties of the people."
WEST.fJ.CAB. FAIR
'lans Outlined for Big Parade
Horse Exhibit Premiums
Decided on, Etc.
There was an Important meeting of
the executive committee of the West
ern North Carolina Kalr association
held yesterday afternoon at B o'clock
In the office of Secretary Guy Weaver,
at which time full plans were out
lined for the big military, fraternal
and industrial parade to bo held Tues
day, October 8, the opening day of
the fair. According to these: plana
the parade will be the biggest and
most elaborate ever held in the city.
The parade will be led by the First
regiment band, nnd possibly by pome
other band In addition, the military
companies In uniform and there will
follow the uniform ranks of the vari
ous fraternal lodges in Asheville mid
the surrounding towns. Hesldes these
there will be the members of the labor
organizations who will not be In uni
form and a large number of lodge
members who do not belong to the
uniform ranks.
The members of fraternal orders
who participate In the parade and are
not in uniform will wear badges or
some emblem In order that they may
gain free admission to the opening of
the fair. .
A letter was prepared at this meet
ing to be sent out to nil the fraternal
bodies In Asheville and the surround
ing towns asking their co-operation in
this opening parade and each one is
asked to appoint some members as a
committee of one to confer at once
with Secretary Weaver nnd Chief Mar
shall K-iwrence W. Young.
Mr. Hayes, who was appointed as a
committee of one at the previous
meeting to look into the matter of
havinr nn automobile exhibit, stated
that be had been Informed by K. C.
iwycr that arrangements ore being
made ror suci) on rxnibit ami tnat tne
matter will be trtten up officially by
th A.-hevi!le Motor club.
After a numbef of other routine
mnttcis had been jaken up concerning
the Miiious departments the following
cla.-o?, were ordered to be added to
tht premium list in the horse demrt-
nieut, with the understanding that a
committee rnnipor.d of Secretary
Weaver and (leorae S. Arthur add the
necessary condition, Buch as the num
ber of entries to be rr"iu!red, etc.:
1. Host United Saddle Horse, for
:iicn, fee 12; lirst premium, 15; sec
ond pvcinlum, ('.0: third premium, $5.
2. Pe t Lulles Harness Horse, fee
$2; first premium, SI 5; second pre
mium, 10, third premium, J5.
.Vilest 5 tiu'-i J Saddle Horse or
Mare, fee $2; first premium, 115; sec
ond premium, $10; third premium, to.
4. Best Hoadster, fee $2; first pre
mium, $15; second premium, $10;
third premium, $3,
5. Host pair Harness Horses, fee
$4; lirst premium, $!!; second pre
mium, $10; third premium, $1.
S. Hest walk, trot and canter, shows
under saddle, by lady; fee $2; first
premium $15; second premium $10;
third premium $5.
7. Iiest pony 14 hands or under to
be shown In ths saddle; fee, $1; first
premium $7.&0;,second premium, t':
third premium t.'.CO. .
fc. Hest Pair Kod Horses, (open to
all), fee, $4; fir.-t premium, $15; sec
ond premium. $10; third premium $!.
The matter of securing music ft-.'
(he fair was brou-.'ht up and Sot rctar.
Weaver was Instructed to se" ire
band for the entire fair, .
WILSON TO LINCOLN
Nominee and Colonel Bryan Will
Kltcnlt from the Same Ilatforin
There IMoher 5.
Mew York, Bet. 1J. Oovernor
Wilson will meet William J. Bryan In
Lincoln, Neb., on October B, when the
nominee and former standard bearer
will speak from the same p!at?"rm.
Wilson made this announcement be
fore leaving for He flirt today.
When thev meet Iiryun will have
completed his tour of the west, trail
ing Itoosevnlt, and Wilson will be on
hli secon I trip, west The only other
date on this trip so far announced
Is nt Indianapolis on October 3.
Vbe Chairman McAdoo said the
nominee Is belns; overwhelmed Wltn
rc,uestH to fpcik.
Hail Teeth (iencrnto Poisons.
WasWnuton. Bept. 1J At tho meet
In of the National D. ntnl nnsoclatlon
held here, Dr.' M. 1 llheln of New
York 'city resd a pi.prr which at
trsi toil ccitHliif rahle attention.
Hr. ltbeln i dared that teeth which
were neitlected or which were treat
ed improperly by unskilled or un
scrupulous denial operators offered
a f t tlle Held not only ,'or suffering
thn.iiKh teeth decay but from poison.
He nlso ns'd that pcUons Keneratiil
by defective teeth pass Into the hu
man Wly unit by the flow process of
theli' absorption the way is opeu for
sny and all d I senses.
Children' Homo C'liartcrcri.
rUlelKh, Bept. U.The Methodist
Prot.sstnnt children's home was char
tered today by th secret irv of stat"
to conduct an uipii.innxe near IIIkIi
I'olnt,
COMMITTEE MEETS
Peerless-Fashion
' 51 Patton Ave.'
MONEY
Unusual Barga
Both Stores During This Sale
. '.-j - .. ", v-H" N-, i,i'-il '-'' ,
AT THE
PEERLESS - FASHION
$19.50 Ladies' suits.
$22.50 Ladies' suits.
$25.00 Ladies' suits.
$20.50 LaJies' suits.
$32.50 Ladies' suits.
$:,:i.00 Ladies' suits.
$42.50 Ladies' suits."
$5.00 Lingerie waists
$2.50 Lingerie waists
$15.00 Ladies' silk
es. ..... .... .
$1.50 Crepe Kimonos pret-
ty patterns $1.10
Ketluction on all Evening
dresses, coats, silk underskirts."
&c. .'"-v.v '".': yy:.i-
People's Department Store
Bargain Basement.
$5.00 dress skirts. ... . : .$3,73
:V handkerchiefs . I l-2e
$15.00 Ladies' suits. ... .$7.50
$22.50 Ladies' suits. . . .$12.50
30.' Men's ties .. 19c
33e"Men's suspenders for 10c
You'll find in the People's Department Store, 40 and 42 Patton avenue, an array
of bargains which should not be overlooked by tho ones economically inclined.
Hundreds of articles are sold way. below the regular prices, such as trunks, satch
els, suit cases, bags, suits, men's pants, blankets, comforters, table linens, napkins,
outing flannels, cotton flannels, baby wool flannels, dress goods, velvets nnd all
kinds of notions, hosiery and underwear. '
A genuine, value-giving "special sale" should make a hosi
of NEW FRIENDS for a store. But a special Bale has no t&
vertising of fact unless it is effectively advertised of courM
few kMm
COME TO OUR STORE TOMORROW
r . .. .- J i -r ' ", V ,t i f -.- " 1. ' f ... '
and aee one of the Rrandcst line of Millinery at tho most popular prlcra ever ahown to th public
The Palais Itoynl Is known for bargains. Itemember we trim your ats free. Com'o and see the
assortment of Uhko and FpJk Huts.
Watch for our Grand Millinery opening on tho 2Uth. of this month. V
Tomorrow we place on sale one hundred pnttern hats, no two alike representing these pictures,
rangln In prl. e from lfi.00 to $8.00 the entire lot on salrt, special, $5.00.
We want you to come nnd make your self nt home nnd we'll be glad to show you. Trimmed and
untrlmmed hats for ladies and misses and children.
P if
'" -A
' linn
law
People's
r 40-42
RAISING v SALE
-
ins are
AT THE PEOPLE'S
DEPARTMENT STORE
. .$13.G5
..15.08
..$17.50
. . 19.77
..21.78
..24.50
. . 29.80
. . 2.08
20c bath towels . . .
15c bath towels. . . .
25c linen towels.', v.
10c Iluck towels . .
30c wash silks
20c Batiste . . . . .',
40c dtess linen
12 1-2 Batiste .. .
12 l-2c Flannelette
$3.00 silk waists . . .
1.48
$1.25 umbrellas
Reduction on
tire?
ss
, . .
lints.
Reduction on all plumes and
flowers. .
Reduction ou all shapes.
" Reduction on laces nnd em
broideries. Bargain Basement.
$15.00 men's suits ..... .$0.98
$18.00 men's suits .... .$12.50
$22.50 men's suits ..... . . .$15.00
$3.00 men's sliwes .... .$2.25
$3.50 men's shoes $3,00
, $4.00 men's shoes $3.50
12 1-2c Ladies' linen Vfst 7 l-2c
10c Ladies'
This Special Display of the Season's Best Models in
... Coats and Suits. . -..-
Tomorrow morning at 8:110 we will open a tpe lal three days'
Style Kxhiblt of unu.iiul Interest.
Butts will b shown In manlsh serge, whipcords, novelties and
diagonal twits. Separate coats In tweeds, slbcllnes. chlnchii i
fur fabrics nnd broadcloth. AU colors: all slses., snd a wonu
ful variety of stylos to choose from.
Especially attractive are these Itlschof garments -strictly m"j
tailored, serviceable eonts and stilts that are tailored to 111
keep their shape. All the very latest Innovations In trlmm
and the latest style features are Incorporated .In them.
Come In early and see them.
5 and 7 South LInin St.
Dept. Store
Patton Ave.
Offered in
22c
.'.12 l-2c
......10c
a . 8C
. ...19c
.'.12 l-2c
. ....10c
....8 l-2c
. .. ..9c
....98c
trimmed
all
hose. .
.10c
A. M. GOODLAKI
Contractor & Builder.
Shop and Office Cor. N. Main
and College, No. 9.
Phone 976.