f if (tw(t THE GAZETTE-NEWS HAS THE ASSOCIATED PRICSS SERVICE. IT IS IN EVERT :: RESPECT COMPLETE. . t: VOLUME XIX. NO. 286. ASHEVILLE, N. C, MONDAY AFTERNOON, JANUARY 11, 1915. PRICE FIVE CENTS ! 1 1 WEATHER FOEECASTi RAIN. . M Zstl I B U If ' - A w " i i HAS HOPES FOR S Senator F. P. Hobgood of Guil ford Expects a Primary Bill to Be Introduc ed This Week. LAW SHOULD INCLUDE ASSEMBLY CANDIDATES Senator Thinks They Are State Officials He Talks of Oth er Possible Legislation Legislature Uncertain. Special to The Gazette-News. Greensboro, Jan. 11. F. P. Hob good, tsate senator from Gulirord county, who came home to spend Sunday and to look after certain bus iness matters that ciuld not be fur ther postponed, says it Is probable that during the next week questions will como before the legislature that will attract attention because of their nature. Among some matters wbich are expected to be brought forward are a state-wide primary bill, child labor bill, taxation, etc. " Few bills have been introduced up to this time that are of great im portance, the first week or ten days of the general assembly being con sumed principally with organization and other routine matters. Mr. Hobgood is hopeful of a state wide primary, law that shall be all-inclusive, even to the members of the general assembly. In an interview on this and other subjects he gave out the following: "It is very difficult to forecast the attitude of the general assembly to wards the several problems which are generally considered to be those of greatest interest and moment to the people of this state: I have heard It stated by several that there Is no doubt that a state-wide primary bi 1 will be enacted into law. I entertained a similar opinion on a former occa sion whirh experience showed to be without foundation and I therefore hesitate l o hazard an opinion at this time. "In view of the declaration of (he staee, platform with reference to a primary I apprehend that there will be few who, will openly oppose pri mary legislation. I lruve no reason to suppose that certain representatives and senators have- changed their opinions upon this question. It may be that some will verbally favor state wide primary legislation, that Is to say, the principle In volved, but will oppose any bill that may be offered looking to the fulfillment of the plat form pledge upon the ground that the bill Is for some reason not clearly ap pearing vicious. In other words, they will go their full length in favoring a principle, but will employ every ef fort to prevent the possibility of prac tice. "However, I am still hopeful .that before the general assembly shall have finally adjourned, there will be placed upon the books a state-wide primary law applicable to national, district and state officers. Including members of the general assembly. "It cannot be successfully contend ed that a member of the general as sembly is not a state officer. Person ally, I do not onw think that I apuld vote for a primary bill whose provi sions do not apply to members of the general assembly. Such a bill ought to apply to every officer voted for In our general elections, national, dis trict, state and county. It may be that the fight will rage most hotly around the 'application of the provi sions of such a bill to members of the general assembly. "I understand that a child1 labor bill will be Introduced next week. I have an Idea that Its provisions will mark an advanced step beyond the present laws In this regard and I think it may be fairly assumed that the bill will become a law. "Many think that the most import ant and Interesting subject that will come before the general assembly Is that relating to taxation. All of the members and senators have been fur nished with copies of the report of the state tax commission and they are making more or less careful study of that body's recommendations. I have failed to find anything now In these recommendations, certain Of which Are not without 'considerable merit. The recent report of the state auditor eema to evidence a better condition of affairs than has been anticipated. There Is much work before the joint committees on finance of the two bodies. I am a member of the senate committee and expect to bring to Its attention certain measures which I think will b beneficial and of which I may have aomethlng to say later. "Mora or lee publicity has been riven to the demand of certain short line railroads that the long and short haul clause of the lntrri-state freight rate act be so emended as to vent In the corporation commission the pow er to exempt from Its provisions any railroad that msy show sufficient cause. Many Can sea no reason what ever for providing for the exemption of the large road and doubt whHher provisions should be made for the ex emption of any, though upon thli PRIM BILL ISJOUGHT Republicans. Predict Biggest Filibuster Over Administra tion Bill Ever Precipi tated in Congress. THE FILIBUSTER NOW ALREADY UNDER WAY Bill Would Make U. S. Major- ity Stockholder in $40,000, 000 Corporation May Not Pass by March. Gazette-News Bureau, Wyatt Building, ' Washington, Jan, 11. The congress of the United States has Just undertaken what rflDll hlJpfi nft are predicting will be the biggest fili buster efer precipitated upon the sen ate. Whether this claim will prove to be a good one remains to be seen, but the fight against the administra tion's bill to allow the government to become majority stockholder in a $40, 000,000 merchant marine which is to be a private concern has certainly started oft with a show of strength in the opposition camp. The bill is a part of the president' ni-ncrnm- nn.r Ipf the president's ideal conceti'on of governmental duties in relation to the control of oversea and international trade. It has been stated that for years It has been Wilson's theory that a government owned merchant vessel service would solve many economic and diplomatic problems. It is a radi cal measure, thoroughly distasteful to the rank and file of republicans, who stick close to th doctrines of the party, and unless the republican minority weakens the democrats will scarcely huve time to put it thr uglj-blareh 4. That will mean the president must call an extra session, which will throw the passage of the. bill Into the next contrress, withm a house of representa tives showing a trifling majority only. There has been more than the ordi nary amount of sub-surface activity regarding this ship purchase bill. All that has been done for and against the bill hasn't been printed in the news papers by a large margin. Delegations of shipping men and financial men have slipped in and out of Washington and have held conferences at odd times and In odd places. Secretary McAdoo of the treasury has voiced the administration's reasons and wishes for the quick passage of the measure, and this ha been looked on as a strange sight In Washington as the matter is naturally one that would fall under the Jurisdiction of the secretary of commerce. Internal strife has broken out in the ranks of the senate and house democrats alike, and thore are rumors of differences of opinion In the cabinet over this radical departure from existing rules regard ing the ancient trade of making com merce by ships. Altogether, the demo cratlc party is asked by the president to enact one of the strangest laws ever devised, and one which republicans say will place the United States in more entangled positions in the ports or the world than any open breach of internatlon confidence could possibly accomplish. The senate filibuster Is already on. The ranks are clearly defined. On the first vote a preliminary skirmish on a motion to make the measure the un finished business of the upper house, four senators voted with the demo crats. They were La Kollette, Poin-dext-r, Kenyon and Norrls. It Is prob able that no help can be expected of them from the republicans, although If they consume will bring March 4 and the end of this congress nearer. The old fashjoned senatorial habit of talking a bill to death is still In exist, ence and that will probably constitute the backbone of the filibuster. This measVre provides that there may be created a 1 10,000,000 corpora tion; that the United States may be a 51 per cent stockholder; that the United States may further subscribe to the remaining- 49 per cent of the stock. The measure further provides that the United States may sell $80,000,000 worth of merchant vessels. Up to this point there are two distinct parties to mis strange transaction one being the shipping corporation, and the other being the United States which owns the 130,000,000 of ships. How ever, tho bill creates a "shipping board." composed of cabinet officers. The shipping board will then automat ically decide that It will turn over the newly purchased merchant ma score they 'are open to argument. I do -not know what the temper of the members generally upon this question is. "With regard to ' the matters to which I have referred and other of vital Interest only time can tell what will be done. No man cn say wheth er this la a general assembly that j will do much or 'little. There has not .yet been discovered either divining rod or other contrivance of msgio by which one rin dloover In advance I what Is In the breast of a leglala- siture." United States Is Not Entirely 0 Satisfied With British R' s'y Sir Edward Grey's Noie Answering President Wilson's Protest Does not Please Adminis tration Officials on Certain Points. Britain's Actual Practices Do Not Squa re With Her Acceptance of Rules. Washington, Jan, li. The United States government, it became known today, , is not entirely satisfied with the note of Sir Edward Grey, British foreign secretary, giving Great Britain's preliminary reply to President Wilson's note of pro test against interference with American commerce by British fleets. : , While Great Britain admits the justice of practically all the principles of international law cited in the American note, of ficials here today . reiterated their contention that the chief difficulty was England's ne glect to make her actual prac tices square with her previous acceptance of the rules' of in ternational law. It is realized rlne to the newly formed corporation; the shipping board will then do the voting for the stock held by the United States. The government controlled merchant marine ia then ready to look for business. The only thing left Is the Insurance of four per cent gold bonds of the corporation. These are issued to pay the United States for the thirty million dollars worth of ships. The entire program, as will easily be seen, Is a legal method whereby the United States owns a shipping system tut- legally. Is but "e stockholder In corporation. Now the opposition to this bill Is not actually confined to the republicans although the democrats may be coun ed on to vote as a party for the meas ure However, the republicans find more than one ground of objection to the bill. For years the republicans or some of them, have urged a ship sub sidy, whereby American built ships would receive government bounty on a scale made out in accordance with their speed and tannage. The ship 'subsidy plan would need about five million dollars a year for its mainten ance and is commonly supposed by re publicans to be the only means of placing American shipping In a posi tion where it can command the respect of the nations of the world. Demo crats have fought it because of their theory that It is feeding the ship trust and because of the expense. The ob jection to the present ship purchase bill Is that It takes at least ten million dollars out of the treasury at one bite and places the government in the po sition of being a big competitor to ac tive American concerns. Of course all tho objections thnt are made to public ownership of anything are to be made against the public own ership of steamship lines; and briefly these are. 1. Subtraction from the field of personal endeavor. . Destruc tion of Individual Intiatlve and motive for effort, 3. The constant tendency to maximum costs. 4. Multiplication of government employes and officials. 5. Increased opportunities for corrup tion. 6. Labor problems. 7. Admin istrative and executive Inefficiency, ft. Restriction of the motive to Invent and Improve the facilities of service. However, ' the opponents of thi measure after carefully considering all the pro and con uiuments on the sub ject of public ownership of everything else, find an especial objection to this proposal of the president's, and this Is briefly set forth In a report by Sena tors Burton, Nelson. Perkins, William Alden Smith and O'iver. "The bill provides merely a plan by which the government may become a competitor In the shipping business with private ship owners Only one of two results could follow: If the government coul go Into the business expecting to earn a reasonable profit, such as the minority stockholders, as provided by the measure, could rea sonably anticipate, and should fnlrly subject Itself to all the ecenomlc con ditions of the trade In buying, main taining and operating a fleet of mer chant ships, making adequate provis ion for depreciation and obsolescence and the present extraordinary risks and louses. It would not materially change the existing status. If on the other hand the government should pursue the policy of operating Its boats on a no-profit basis. It would of course have the result of prlvlng private com petition off any route it chose to In vade. It would also check or stop the Investment of private capital In the shipping trade. In short, Instead of Increasing tonnage It would very soon reduce It, eventually doing more harm than good." One of the fear of the democrats who do not Ilka the Mil is that the country will aak this question: "If the time Is not ripe to raise money by the ealo of bonds when the war reve nue tax was enarted, why la It ripe to ell bonds to purchase ships?" by officials in Washington that prolonged the diplomatic cor respondence concedes the prin ciples in the American case but does not actually meet the com plaints of the American ship pers, and pending the arrival of the other note supplement ing the present note, which will be more of a detailed rerjlv. it is ' understood, American offi cials will push vigorously the individual cases which in the meantime may arise. While administration leaders are keenly appreciative of the friendly tone of the reply and of the promises of redress for unwarranted injury to com merce, it is pointed out that the note's citations of statistics does not take up one of the chief points of the American argument. The British state ARMIES ACTIVE IN SPITE OF WEATHER Turks Again Are Attacking Russians Allies Continuing to Push Forward in Spite of Rain and Mud Ger--" - " -man Report'Gai as in EasV West; 5 "f' r" London, Jan. 11. There are increasing indications of Rou manian early participation in teh European war, thus bring ing into play another party to the combination against the Teutonic powers contemplated by Great Britain, France and Russia. The obstruction which has hitherto blocked the full mobilization of Roumania's army has been removed with the arrival of the requisite equipment provided to put 000,000 troops in thefield. Ar rangements have been complet ed to finance the Roumanian operations. Lack of stirring battle news is attributed by the British ob servers largely to the determi nation of the allied command ers to hold their present posi tions until the projected ring around the Germans is suffic iently strong to strike a blow which they hope will be decis ive. The British idea that the present operations are simply in preparation for big events fits in with gossip from Brit ish headquarters to the effect that Lord Kitchener, asketl concerning the probable dura tion of the war, said, "I don't know when it will endj but I know, when it "will begin in the month of May." Petrngrad, Jan. 11. The Russian general staff has just Issued statement concerning the eastern war situation, which Is as follows: "On the left bank of the Vistula front, at the villages of floukha. Me talre, and Monghely the fighting is as suming a more and more desperate character. The Germans, notwith standing their great losses, continue their obstinate attacks at different points. In many places, the enemy succeeded In provisionally occupying certain of our advance trenches, but vigorous, counter attacks by us; fol lowed ordinarily by bayonet charges, compelled them to let go their hold. Thus, In the region of Metalre and .In the region of Moghely on January T, we drove away the enemy who had ruined our advance trenches and rap tured seven officers and more than 100 men. "In Bukowlna. on January I. we occupied Klmpolung, near the Hunga rian border, after advanre and fight ing for eight days. Our troops cov ered over 120 trerata (about 10 miles) ment puts forward the argu ment that American commerce has not suffered as seriously as was represented, but the ad ministration officials contend that one of the chief purposes of the protest was to prevent the depletion of American com merce by the continuation of British practices. The figures cited in the British note, in the view of officials here, are mis leading, because much of the non-contraband goods which ordinarily go direct to Germa ny and Austria are shipped to neutral countries. Similarly, the .decision of Germany and Austria to use all their surplus products has deprived the con tiguous countries of a great deal of raw material which they are now compelled to import from the United States. and finally crossed the mountain fron tier of Bukowlna and Hungary. "In our operations in the Carpathi ans, we took about 1000 prisoners and much rich spoils. "On, other points of our front, noth ing worth noting transpired. In the Black sea, on January 3, our torpedo boat discovered a Turkish cruiser of the Mcdjidieh type which was follow ed by a transport sailing east and ap proaching Kinope on the north coaat of Asia Minor. Seeing that they were pursued, they turned west, but our vessel followed and sank the transport. The cruiser escaped.," Berlin, Jan. 11. The German army headquarters has given out the fol lowing war communication: "In the west, there have been heavy rains which seemed almost like cloudbursts. There was thunder all day yesterday. The Lys at some places has overflowed its banks. Sev eral attacks have been made by the enemy to the northeast of Soissons, which have been beaten back with severe losses to the enemy. The French attacks alo to the north of Chalons were repulsed with severe loss to them. "In the eastern section of the Ar gnnne, we have successfully stormed the French positions, taking l.SOO prisoners, some- mine throwers and a bronze mortar. A Lorraine battalion and the Hessian landwehr particu larly distinguished themselves In this fighting. One of our advance trenches which we were not occupying at the lime, was entered by French troops neur Hlrey and was immediately blown up. All the French In the trench were killed, lloth to the west and to the south of Hennhelm (Cer nay) there has been nothing to re port. The French were driven out of llurnhaupt-le-ilaupt and were forced to occupy trenches In their old posi tion. Home ISO prisoners fell Into our hands. "On the eastern front the bad weather continues. The number of prisoners taken on January 7 was 2,000, and we also took seven ma chine guns." Tarls, Jan. 11. The French war office gave out the following report of the war situation In Purls: "Month of Ypres, we have damaged the trenches of the enemy and re duced to silence the mine throwers of the Germans. "In the region of Arras and In the vicinity of Amiens, there have been artillery engagement which have re sulted to th advantage of our bat teries. "In the region of Souplr yesterday, w occupied brilliantly 'Hill 426 .' Three time th enemy delivered vio lent attacks, but they war repulsed by our counter attacks. Our g.-.lns her represented three Hnee of trenches on a front of about six me ters. The enemy, not having been able to recapture thai which they had lost, Domnsrned Hnomons and et fir to th Palace of Justice. "Houth of Lnn and Craonne, our artillery has demolished a camp of hut covering machine gun of the enemy, reduced to a altenc th ar- (Continued on pag T.) PH1LIPPIHE BILL Secretary of War Tells Why Administration Is Insisting on Greater Measure of Autonomy. . MEASURE IMPROPERLY TERMED INDEPENDENCE Merely Step With Safeguards Toward Self Government in Line With Promises Held Out for Years. Washington, Jan. 11. Why the ad ministration is insisting' upon passage of the pending bill to enlarge the measure of self government of the Philippine Islands was explained to the senate Philippine committee to day by Secretary Garrison. In a long prepared statement, he declared the measure had been im properly termed the "Philippine In dependence bill" and that It was merely a step with proper safeguards, towards self government and exactly in line with promises held out to the Filipinos for years by the United States. - "What the next step should be," he said, "when it should be ta'fen, what conditions would properly surround the grant of absolute Independence, and other like speculations, it seems to me are Idle and their considera tion at this time would only be con fusing." In view of the "recent exaggerated accounts of petty disturbances In the islands," the secretary said it was particularly Interesting to note that Former President Taft, when Govern or,' General of the- Islands , had . aatd "Thai a a -result of the attitude -of the American press and of the American merchant in his hostility to the Fili pino, "every small Ladrone fight, every discomfort the constabulary suffered, was exaggerted and made the basis for Inference that condi tions In the islands were retrograding rathep than improving." "What the United States should dc concerning the Philippines," said Mr. Garrison in opening his statement, "can only be determined properly by keeping two things constantly In mind. One, the duty of the United States to Itself; and the other. Its duty In view of the pledges and as surances it has made to the Filipino people. Must Discharge- Dntles. "Tho United States has assumed responsibilities with respect to the Philippines, which, in the highest spirit of self respect, it mtiRt dis charge rightfully at whatever cost. It is a useless waste of time to discuss whether we should have acquired the Philippine Island, or whether hav ing acquired them, we should have set out upon the course of improving the material prosperity of their peo ple, educating them. Introducing means of communication and trans portation and building up commerce, Ineernal and external, as we have (lone. It Is equally profitless to discuss whether those who spoke on behalf jtween eight and nine million, mostly of the United Stntes should have j of Malay origin pointing out that made the repealed statements ron-jthe revoli against Bpaln and later, the cernlng our attitude with respect to! rising against the United States were the Filipino people, which statements the only occasions which had tended are In their nature assurances or''0 produce homogeniety among the ipii-uKen concerning our intentions. AVe have done these things and must ! abide by them. We have no right now to measure our duty r our obliga tions by whnt would hnve been our I rights had we not pursued the course we did pur."ue. "We deliberately chose to assume n "iiirmmu repononi'Hv, awnn a(iu oecme eventually, according to self-abnegation unparalleled, so far as! their own largest good, whether such ;I know, rave In the somewhat similar jelf government should be accompa icase of Cuba, It was finely conceived. I n'd by Independence." iand It behooves the nation to see that j In pursuance of the policies thus lit Is finely carried out. Ignorance and nunclated, Mr. Garrison said the va j prejudice Increase the difficulty, andi'lous administrations In this country ;attempts to reap partisan advantages i had from time to time enlarged the i add to It Citizens Know I.lttln, "Ours cltlnens know so pitiably lit. tie about this great problem. They do not realize, save In a very vague way. how tho honor of the nation which Is collectively their honor, a thing which they Individually hold so dear I vitally Involved In a proper confederation and treatment of this matter. If they did o It would re nnlre great effrontery to attempt to divert them from It proper settle ment by paltry lie and shameful mis representation. That such do now af (fct the public mind Is due entirely to lack of knowledge on the part of the public. "The term nnd provision of the bill you have before you ar not known or understood by our people. If they had It provision 1st mind, they would laugh In derlslnn at those who sugge that' It la Inadvisable to consider thl bl'l now because of tha existing war. The very slightest con sideration of th actual provision of thl bill would convince any Inquirer that there wa nothing whatever In It which made it Inadvlsnhle or In appropriate to consider the matter at thl time. It I not too rong abate ment to y that wr very nation REV. J. M. WELBQRN IS Methodist Episcopal Minister ' of AsheviUe, Aged 73, Sue. cumbs to Heart Trouble. News was received by relatives lit the city this morning of the death last night in Canton of Rev. J. M. Welborn of Ashevllle. The deceased was spend ing tho winter there with his daugh ter, Mrs. A. Graybeal, and was found dead In his bed this morning. Th cause of his death is given aa heart I allure. He was 73 years old and had been In declining health for several years. The news of his sudden pass ing, however, came as a distinct shock to relatives and a large circle of friends. Rev. Mr. Welborn was a 'Methodist Episcopal minister and was on the western North Carolina circuits for many years. On account of 111 health., he was forced to retire from aotlve duties several years ago, hut he was; remembered and loved by hundreds of' people throughout all this section fori the great work which he accomplished among theme while he was In th active service of the church. He was l a man who quickly gained the respect ". ana esteem or his congregations: and ' hir accomplishments In western North Carolina will stand as a monument to his memory in the hearts of those who knew him Intimately. The news of his death will be painfully learned by these many hundreds. The deceased Is survived by two daughters and one son: Mrs. Graybeal of Canton, Mrs. T. W. Burton of War- ren, Ind.; and Charles W. W.elnorn of Ashevllle, foreman in the coming room of The Gazette-News. The latter left this morning for Canton, immediately following the receipt of news of his father's death. Mrs. Burton' has been notified In time for the funeral. Ar rangements for the funeral have not yet been perfected, but it is thought that services will be held here tomor-' rbw afternoon I na local undeijakinn , parlor, interment to follow at River- . side cemetery. Mrs. Welborn, wife of the deceased,.' died here early In November, and since that time ReV. Mr. Welbo.-n's ; health declined . Very v rapidly. Met ' passing,1 apparently, .completely broke- his spirit. "s" " " v.t - ; JAP. CRUISER SIGHTED ' IN NORTH ATLANTIC New York, Jan. 11. A cruiser, which Captain Williamson of tho steamship Curaco believes to be a Jap anese warship, was sighted oft tha Azores during the Curaco's voyage here from Havre. The man-of-war did not give her name. This Is the first report of the presence of a Japan ese warship in the north Atlantic since the outbreak of the war. on earth, including our own, at war there Is nothing in this bill which would make Its consideration Inap propriate on that account. "The bill Is so framed aa to pro vide another step along the line of I self government. The wisdom and propriety of it can only be determin ed by keeping In mind the two view points first adverted to and by con-1 slUering the history of our relations to the Philippines and the present sit- i uation therein." Traces History of Islands. j Here Secretary Garrison traced tha hlstnrv f uA Dhiit..i - . Islands with a total population of be islanders. Quote Taft Mr. Taft he quoted as saying In a mwage In 1912: "We should . . . endeavor to se- ' cure for the Filipinos economic In- dependence and to fit thera for com- piete self government, with the power extent or the participation of tho , Filipinos In their government, re- i placing the military regime by a civ- Ulan commission giving the Islanders control of their local municipal gov ernment and gradually of their pro vincial government, placing Filipino on the commission. In the Bupremo court, and at the head of executive department and finally, In 107, es tablishing th assembly compoeed en tirely of native elected from the va rious district. "It I difficult to see what propv objection can be made to th provi sion of th bill Itsolf." Mild th nee retary in conclusion. "If we consid ered It, I have Insisted before that w should, In view of our duty to ourselve and to th nation nd la view of our obligation to the Filipi no people, made on our behalf b those speaking for us, we find that It fully meaaur up to our obligation In each respect. Good" faith to those tr, whom w have pledged ourselves re quire u to ty as long s we mini; and good will to th Islander. In ac cordance With our pledge and -so ran res require u to tay no lf.ni r than I neneMsary to tt snd r .. n conclusion to their rnnnr , ' m managing their own affalra- DEAD IN C A r J T N