LIFE IS OXLY TO BE VALUED AS IT IS USEFULLY EMPLOYED.
' '' - ' "
3
TOLWfE I
jTuTciiBisTir.
m M.nii" k Dublished t Two
Tiw-TiJ:. r-nu ner annum, in drnCe, or
KfBBoni"r ... .ii . MnffMue na id.
ItkM)
rf wiU ia .t On. Wta,
I - ,tart w m"1 " M. , . . .
lgSi Tmut to port ,-ud. -
MISCELLANEOUS, -
rFmm Um Impend MagMine. ;
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SPE-
Dilative and experiment.
AL RELIGION.
lUtoU tsubject with which, every
, lim.nT, ins is connoctca, eno id wmcn
no small degree hi. tempore welfare, it
L.5 -fiance more immediately and ape.
dficotly to that which is cternaL It ia by
religion ne can iw
fi : - nlitninMi hv sacrifice
.huh neakctb betterlbings than that of
wiiK-u t
Abel even tllO Sacniice oi tcmum wiim hwi
riibtcousr iti from' religion he4 to ob.1
.:u.n. of this world, by means of.this
hit depending fears may bo allayed ; hit
sphntual desires enlivened, and his ransom.
2muI elevated to Oodl "";
It ii obviotw, lKHovort on even a curro.
thit two kinds of religion, distinguished by
their difference of sjtuation, havo lAtaincd
.mnnatimm. Islmll.jio doubt, Co antici
patcd u referring to that which has its scat
la the head only, and that which holds a
tjsco in the hcartXThcse aro of such a
htthev should bo concomitant in
I assvm niiil bWraTtrmsrrthoiiuh nothitt
Lro common than to see them disunited,
I T" :.! 1!J jli ,sf ilia
una unccuiauvo rviigiuu, vi .
hetd, usurping the place of the cxpcrimen.
!. Tho cause of this digsevcrution is,
rlinni. not very deeply concealed. Men,
la general, aware of the truth of religion,
giva it, as far as external circumstances are
eooccrnqd, a favorable reception. They
prtfesstd obey its outhorily and dictates,
to acknowledge us excellency anu auvun
niges, and 16 bo under- its" influences arid
I control. But they form to themselves mis.
taken notions on thesubiect of that branch
I which is ouroand undefilcdr they build on
an unsafe foundation f they conceive that if
I they unite in acceding to the importance
to tho importance
land authority of rehfion. and attend to
laome of its outward and (if such an exf res-
Jsioo be proper on such a subject) least mo.
iiuiiiuus purucuiars, uicy nave luimicu its
requisitions. They behold the obiect, but
do not desire to possess it. They are in
error as to thoyefy essence of religion ;
they stumbleat the very thrcshhold ; and,
like Chorazin and Bcthsaida. will come in.
Itogrcater condemnation !sincetJsinkuig
with the Hebt of 14 the elorious cos pel of
the Messed GcdMshining tcsplendently
arounj them, they refuse to be. cheered by
its vital and vivifying influences. . v-
Thedjflhicnco then which exists between
I speculative and experimental rcligbn must
artainIybegreaU. vVhile Uie speculatist
and the formalist may go on day after day j
to- the appearance of their fellow.men.
walking accordjng to the truths of religion,
incy are destitute of that inward witness
I which attests that it is not a cunningly de-
pisea luole, or a specious and fallacious
imposition, which tho wisdom of God has
I devised. The carnal nature exerts its
powerful sway iu their various actions, and
though the first-appearance may deceive,
lacloscr attention will manifest tliat thev
lauiltack-" tho one thins needful." Even
Jthat man who may descant upon the bless. 1
- O 1
i'ugs onu privOeces ot Christianity, who
I may illustrato it bv Lis exnositions and
iwno may wade very far into the labyrinths
i speculative truth, may be as far f
the kingdom of heaven as th nnst in from I
mav ha na fur from
the wesC The piibFcans andliarlots, the tlicy Have huTa crude and debased "concep
vilest of the vile, transformed bv renewing tion. They baptise their children : but it
grace, will enter with joy aud gladness into I is
a - .-j n-
nte mansions of eternal felicity, v. hile the
learned sinner, with an unsoftcned hcan,
jrill Kft up his fieryes in tlie lake that
burns for ever and ever.
, TllC CXnerihvmtnllof t. in n .l
jiiappy state ; he lias
Kl.ttflJiis heart His nature has been ro.
newed; he has been born of water and of
WB .Tspinrrne is in possession of that faith
I u-o purines the heart, and " justifies the
ungodly." Ife , his hand u R hia
iiieart. and .'with lU n. j :.i..
iuatle satisfaction, moint tn JhA -n-it
tlUUB hA Muin. t,l .1 .......
-viviixiaui mc iruin a
and bless-
?Twem of the ensn,,! 1T t
convinced
't only by reason , but also by experience,
a guide which "opens wisdom's way;"
Ul tlie prosnort Af tiia finnl fHoafln I
poo, can triumphantly and delightfully ex-1
that he shall stand at the latter day un-
F 11,6 earth 5 and though, after my skin, I
. . . " . n i :
' . .-..v. him UUUf i Vn 111 f II V IUBn .
1 lf , . ouau bto lor 111 V-
wuj i it mi wfifim on. aaa Cam n i
fcnotlir min6 eyc Bha11 lxoW and "ot I
fr;r- fcThus his reason and his under,
, - "Utit . 01M411 mlj flUIT 111V. I
In flw. A i J ...... x,io ouctutMia i
I rj? ""-"gntiui work of his salvation. '
Ii.. . ."ystem w the Christian relision was imr
SlianiW-! adaPted for otn purposes J
0 those of rMon1ntinn T. 1
t? mvaluable privileges were intptwl. I
tclW if I0 Paitaken of 68 'eU as to be
i'xperi 10 ""rsc-to praetice-and j
riino.- ,. 88 o tneory. - ine I they
ASHE
his desires and actions, and to
inspire hiHiVfth the hope of a future and
incorruptible imheritaiKje In eternity. And
does it noj most uequi vocally answer its
design in the heart ofVtho. true ChrtstianT
Does it not display all nasflkacy and beau,
ty in such a cho meter t lhe divide Spirit
applies the doctrines of truibowith power
to ma soui. ii in prosperity, ne is pret
served from pride and forgctfuluess, and
his breast is expanded with heavenly, be
novolcnce ; if in adversity, his reliancexjs
on his Saviour, in the hopes and promises
of the gospel ; though wtorms may beat
around him, he is securely fixed upon" the
rock Of ages," and in the midst of appall,
ing darkness, supernatural light arises in
his souL " He is a happy example of light
and love. lie perceives the excellency
and suitability of npiritoal objects, possess,
cs an ardent attachment to them, feels
their divine energy upon his soul, and hence
it is that his religion is of. an experimental
nature." Not so the man whom a specu.
lativo religion has unhappily possessed j al
U hopes are uncertain and vain ; an hit
I ii n. -i; a. u i
reiwiices ure wiavijr . iiucuu , ro una iw
comforts swinging from heartfelUexpc
! rcQuircmerits. and. feeling not its now.
er, lose, all iu blessings. .
It is experience which Js the true test of
tlw Christian, whereby ho indeed finds the
goctpc! to Do " tne power oi uoa. i no
vinccdof tlie corruption of bis own heart,
and of tho vanity and instability of the
world, whilo his desires after God, aAcr
holiness, after heaven, are continually in.
ercasingr and, because he seeks and prays
aright lor ncavcniy blessings, no ions not,
to obtain them. . I he man, on tho contra.
3 not possessed OT"fhis experimen
tal religion, encourages no" such sentiments
- ,..,-X4. J3
and ueHires j i;e socks only tne pomps - ana
vanities of earth, and fulls at last a victim
to his triple CDeir.y the world, the flesh,
and too devil! -
Oxford.. - i ' J. S.
, - From WaUh'f Jaurncjr
Gipsies.
Tho race of Gipsies, ofjas tlie coutinch.'
tal nations of Europe call them, Baliemians,
Js unknown onthis cohtineiit; but the
books,' bothgravo and light of Europe,
have made the name familiar to all reading
peopte; juid wo shall .therefore, williout
hesitation, copy from " aisn sjourney,
a sketch of this strange people, as he found
them at the foot of the Carpathian un.
tains in Transylvania: '
; " I was now in the country, where these
extraordinary people are, most numerous
and where they were first known in Eu
rope. I
About tlie year 1408 they appeared in
Hungary and Bohemia r where they were
called Ziguerieror Cjngaries ; but when
they emigrated from hence, Bohemians
as it was from Bohemia they were scpi
ed to have conic, when tlicy were first seen
in tlie more western parts of Europe.-
They then went about in troops ofsevcral
thousandstogether but - tlie t ribes-soon
dispersed, and they are now scattered in
smaller companies, forming' still a large
population in the centre, ot' Europe, and
occupying the suburbs of many towns, be
side the wanderers, who pitch then tents
wherever inclination leads them. The
number of these people at, present in
Wallachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania,
amounts to 122,000. ""They are generally
called Qfcingaries, but sometimes Dfaroncr,
or subjects of rhoroah, for the same reason
Rhat wo call them Gipscy their supposed
Egyptian origin. They are distinguished. I
like the Jews, hy indelible personal marks,
L'V KJ y i
hair : an aversion to labor, and a pronensi-
tv to petty theft I hey acknowledge no
crallv profess the Grcokrites. of which
narticuiar reiimon as their own. out gen.
gcncrallydone by themselves in a public
bouse, with a profane mixture of ribaldry
and folly, They have no notion of ares,
urrccuon, lnuepenucm oi mo buhns oouy
. . ? 1 1 ! .L ..i-J . t 1 I.
being again brought to life before it decays,
whichthey say is impossible -One-of tlicir
cliitdrcn died in school in this place, and
the parents requested he might be buried
with his school fellows. On being asked if
they expected to meet him in a future state,
they said they knew lie could never lire
again; and. showing a skinned horse, ask.
ed whether it was possible that, could ever
be restored to lite. 1 hey form connexions
before they are of marriageable years, and
change them as inclination . leads ; and
motliers are frequently sum
number of children bf differ
surrounded pya
different fathers.
uhrt tA n rrrtnin ntw. run about naked.
even in the severest weather. When in-
together, with pigs and other animals, in a
small enclosure, which is rendered exceed-
1 - I ! 4 ..... 1 .17.. 1 f I
Ifltrtw fil.IMlVH I IV L 1 It T I i HIU1I -WAimtUtifr VI I
VlVtlllllUUlil. . ..
...... i ....... n i
" Tliey are in temper irascible, even to
frenzy, and live in a state of discord with
vacii uuicr, niuit w uicuiij jnuw.ii
propensity to intoxication. Notwithstand-
tlicir debased and despised situaU'on in
society they are proud and consequential,
. 1: 1 1 n a.1 rrlnrinira
with nn mmrA tn tnHh. TVv hold ccr-
tain families amongjhemln high respect,
andctll theirVwvodesrWjfrotr
elect a nominal chief, to wnom incy
VILLE, NORTH CAROLINA,
ried three times round tlicir huts, with
shouts and vociferations, and then his in
auguration is complete. These chiefs are
the guardians of some privileges granted
them by the Bathorian family, in the year
1600, of which the Czingaries of Transyl
vania are very proud ana tenacious. Not.
withstanding their general depravity, they
havo irrades ol infamy, and many are , so
vile that they are rejected by tho rest; of
thpse some are made executioners, who set
about the task Willi delight, prepare extra,
ordinary instrurpents of torture, and take
a savage pleasure in telling.thc victim tlie
punishment he is to undergo and the pain
ne isto sufler. .
Their chief occupatioais- making iron
tools, norn spoons, baskets, and other arti
cles; in the provinces many1 are engaged
in collecting gold from the beds of the Olt,
Dobrieza, andothcr auriferous rivers.-
They are. also employed as scullions,' and
contribute to increase tlwt dirt and disorder
for which a Wullachian kitchen' s noto.
rious; they ' sometimes howeyer, rise to
higlicrana more pleasing wqcupations.
Tney have, naturally very acute and deh
cote perceptions of soundsand hence they
are generally delighted with musie this
talent is Much cultivated and they form
usually, the musicians of these countnci
particularly on wind instruments. I ha
often heard tlicm, and always with pleas.
ure.
l heir language is a collection ot Hun.
gnrian and Iklganan words, mixed up with
Arabic and other Orientalisms, which one
acquainted with tho languages of the East
recognizes in their jargon: they also
and adopt that of the ncoplo near wl
they reside, when they are disposci
stationary. Ilcy havo no
aro considered incapable
instruction s by tho delicacy of tho sense
of hearings they readily catch the melody,
and tuke their riafts in the harmony ofja
- . . i ... r rr: I .1 ..I.I
conuon j ojk i was miormeu mey couiu nut
bo taughVto read a noto of music, and all
tlicjr'knowlcdge was by ear. .
" llicir civil situation in iransylvama
is much better than in tho provinces: in
tho former they enjoy certain privileges
and immunities, which raises them in some
measure to the rank of citizens ; but in
YYdllachia and Moldavia they are slaves.
One. class of them is the property of the
government, and the other that of individ-i
uuls 'They are bought and sold at a fixed
price of from five to six hundred piastres,
though the sale is generally a private- con.
tracL Those belonging to tlie. govern
mcntaro allowed to indulge their wander,
ing propensities, on engaging not to leave
the country, and paying a capital tax of
forty piastres for each individual above six.
teen ; and this they generally collect in the
beds of the rivers. Those that belong to
the Boyars are employed in whatever ser
vice their masters choose, generally as
household servants or vinedressers; and
sucji is Jtliestatc of degradation: -towhich
they are reduced, that if one is killed by
his master, no notice is taken pf it ; if by
a stranger, his death is compensated by a
fine of eighty florins. They seldom com
mit atrocious crimes, but are much addict
to minor offences: for the more serious.
they are severely bastinadoed on tho soles
of their feet, at the discretion of their mas
ters ; and for those of a lighterdegree,
their head is incased in an Jron mask,
which is locked on for a longer or shorter
time, and this, besides an uneasiness it
causes, prevents them lrom eating ana
drinking in such a state they sometimes
exhibit a very grbtesquo appearance. . For
petty tlieftslhey undergo another punish,
ment, somewhat different: tlicir neck and
extended arms are
confined on a cleft
board, which they carry about them,
This
is called, in Transylvania, cnfcdl, and is
m "
evident
.he remains of the Koman pun.
ishmcnt of tlie furca. described by Dionvv
sius,
Ace of Sheep. The ago of Sheep
may "be known by cxaminihgTlicir front
teeth. They are eight in number and ap
pear during the first year all of a small size.
In the second year the two middle dries full
out and their place is supplied by two new
teeth, which are.oasily distinguished by lx
.1 i-i 'i i- .? - 1 11 1
ing of larger size. In the third year, two
otlier small teethr one-on eachsidor drop
out and are replaced by two large ones j so
that there are now four large teeth in the
rniddjoj nnij two pointed. ones on eacjhsidct
In die fourth year, the large teeth arc six
in number, and only two small ones re
main j one at. each end ofthe range.. In
the fifth year tlus remaining small teeth arc
lost, and tho wjiole front teeth are large. In
the sixth year, the whole begin to be worn;
and in the seventh , sometimes sooner, some
fall out or arc broken. Knoxviue (lam.)
Farmer. ... A
Tlie New York .ExnreSS .Copies a ae I
stftiile of "a $50 Treasury-i'Joto -in circula-
tion in that city; The administration lend-
ers in Tennessee once contended ithat it
.lAn!nnJ f A mnla ft ihwil ( rMT-Vl
WOB UUt UCOU'IHM W HKMfcW M I "V..t..
lirvUIUUlM wniivtwi.ii-.iv.u.ij. - " j'-
imAnY iianir tt 1 1. .-n i i i i n'Mwitrv. ii pin:
no treasury notes will be issued wrote
Gen. Jackson'to the Globe, in 1 837. Mr.
-"Van Buren canvc i nto-;
to establish a gold anil silver era, and " ca
gles'T and " yellow boys" were the phra
zes that bore him along. Ho will leave us
with a' Government paper currency. If
there be . principles among tho followers
of MrrVanBuren," how do they satisfy
tliern6olvc with-trMS.-wido diffijrnncobe.
twecn professions end practices- 1Colum
bkt Observer. - ; r
V" ,
FRIDAY MORNING, OCTOBER
" EXTRACTS FROM
' Tb Crisis of the Country,
,, . BY JUNIUS. " -I
How a Dfspotisin may grow up in a lie
; . . jwWic. "- -
, " I am enabled to state," says the Prcsi
dent of tlie United State, 7' that in twenty
two out of twenty-seven Governments,
from which undoubted information has
been obtained, tho public moneys have
Deen Kept in cnarge ot puunc qjicerf.
That is. officers dependent onlv on tlie
prince, or sovereign; but independent of
the people independent of a Constitution
al legislative body elected by the people-
In other words, twcnty.two out of twenty
seven monarchies have 'adopted tlie Indc.
pendent Treasury. Heretofore, we have
repudiated the example of foreign despots
as a mxlcl of government ; but now, for
sooth, tlie Chief Magistrate of the Ameri
can republic tntokes their influence and aid
to establish the vital principle of their in
dependent and - absolute sway tlie very
soul of that system which has made shires
of the poor wherever it has existed, an
. .11 .ass m S
grouna tnem to tne aust Aioreovcraic
President, by his own confession, Jiasbccn
engaged in sueh a correspondence for inch
Iha object ! The ofour republic
conspiring wl?h tho despots of Europe,
Inking lessons fronHhemon the principles
or mjvernmemvand recommending the
examplo oFiwciity.two ot tne most nbso-
lute, instead ofthe hve where there is some
freedom leflf
Walker, " to see this cauntry in the same
happy condition with Cubai (!) lco.
incide," says Mr. Calhoun' with the
Senator from Mississippi," "Reduce,"
says Senator Buchanan, " pur norhinal to
the real hard money "standard of "pn
ccs'roCitfoperty and luborl " and vohJ
cover our country with blessings and ben
cfits !" " Tho prieff of labor is entirely
too high ," says Sonator Toppan He also
ndds:-' Tho laborers in this country can
afford to work for ELEVEN PENCE A
DAY i f . ondjho hard money system will
bring down wages to that sum. Wheat
willalso come down to SIXTEEN CENTS
A BUSHEL, and every thing else in pro
portion. The Sub-treasury mil effect both
objects Yes, verily, Senator Tuppan, in
sad truth it will. " I thank thee, Jew, for
thnt word." The schcihe stands revonled,
and " lie wlio runs may read." The Pres.
ident, Benton, Callroun, Walker, Buchan
an, Tappan all have revealed it nd
here it vt! Let tho people, especially the
a dan!" " Can aford " " Whedt
sixteen cents a bushel, and every thhigelse
in proportion " except i'ea, colfcpstigar,
cloths, and all foreign productions, which
would remain the same, anu no money to
buy them. " Eleven pence a day for la-
bor." and sfoTeen cents a buslieMon
wheat," would bfige the workingman and
tho farmer tohvc on corn bread and pota
toes, ard Ictothe themselves and their chil
dren ifllhe same fabrics which arc worn by
theslaves of the south. ooden shoes
too, would come into fashion and ih mis.
UdveThe .Fresident's salary rising by
tlus change to tho value of $o,0OQ an
nually,.and those of his hundred thousand
dependents at tlie same rate : fjet tne most
iron despotisms of the age, of all history
beat that if they can! If our fathers had
foreseen it, could they have consented to
die martyrs to freedom for sons capable of
enduring such a bondage f J,
It is true, indeed, tnat these conspira
tors against the interests of the working
classes, and of all American citizens who
have a stake in the commonwealth, have
been frirriit'-nrd nt the rrhn nf tlnir -Pu n
ivords ns it comes back to them from an in-
ignant public, and arc struggling, like the
school boy-culpntr-bctwcn -conscience- and
a fear of the rod, to say, " I didn't."1
But, you did, gentlemen. This attempt
to get off, is like tho cirunsioTTaTin a
trap to get out. It is meaning, not words
fact, not metaphysics with which we have
to do. Tlie people of this country are re
solved to know, whethcritis the plan ol the
GoVernmcntto vmle thepurse and thesicord,
(aschem actually consummated by tlie
President's ratification of the Independent
Treasury 6n the 4th of July, 1840 !) -Tliey
are resolved to know, whether the Covcrn-
mcnt preporoOHredttee-thc prices of - prop-1
crty and labor to one half, or one third, or
one fourth of their former value, thing
already done ;) and whether office holders,
from the President downwards, are to be
as much better olt, cs the people nre worse
off, by the changed This is what they are
resolved to know
iinc this experiment tcill affect our relations
to Great Britain and oilier nations.
First, nur nnlitirni nnwrr will Vm rlimin.
islid in the same-proportion"' with our
wealth and prosperity. - Either one of these
is ordinarily a fair measure of,thc other?
Great Britain would still go non with her
giant strides on the crgdit system , augment
ing her relative power and ascendency
over ns, just as the -man of great capital
tstrip in bnsincssand OTCTshai
greatness his poorer neighbor ju$t as Ste
phen Girard,of Philadelphia, Was more
powerful as a merchant and banker, than
any other single man of the same city. On
the credit system, wc have proved a match
for Great Britain; without it, all our com.
petition in commerce and political import
tancc, hitherto so, well sustained, .would
(dwindle into insignificance. We should
1840.
first be despised for our folly, and next, per-
adventure, .insulted, with all tho disadvan
tages of such a condition to cope with.
ine great duik ot tho Commerce of the
1.1 1.1 "II .1.- r - i
nunu nuuiu luu ui once imo uie arms, ana
its profits into tho lap, of our great rival.
Uur political and Commercial relations aitl;
an oiner nations,-wouia sutler in the same
proportion. Alt this would fall back upon
our domestic condition with a ' tremendous
ly paralyzing and blasting influence.
How new theories and new erpertmenls of
Lrovernmcntare dangerous to our institu
tions. If they enter into the vitals of society,
affecting its whole body from tlie heart to
...V. VAilVlUlUlO, IVIUllg lira IIIUCUlllCI
ry to act on a new principle, or new ppnel. J
pics, nte mo sencme oi tne uoyjefnment
Bank and its comprehensive policy, it is a
revolution. It was the intention ofthe
Cramers of our Government,, it is tlie intetu
tion of the democracy of this count ry, that
this Government and these institutions
should befiialntained , not ovgrthrown. No
morelicoxit'S., . N more experiments.
Nornore deviations from the advice of ex.
crience. We know what is good. Wc
don't want that which is uncertain. In our
present state and prospects, the probable
results oi mis ranuess nre leariui to con
template.
How to tnow the true Democracy, j
Fortunately, the true doctrine of Amer
lean democracy has obtained such a place
in tlie public mind, that it cannot bo easily
dislodged, or cheated out of its claims.
Lvcry freeman has got it stereotyped in his
brain. At is this : Don't covebn us too
much. Another version of the same sen
timent is Lei the jcolc alone. They may
niuke mistakes, but they will in the end
come right of themselves, quicker than any
government can set them right. Indeed,
any attempts .of Government to prevent
Iliii Troiwieiit ev-iTs. whieTi" result from the
on tf our free institutions, will oily I
abriitai freedom, and aggravate public
umity.uurs is a popular, democratic
goycrnmehC and you cannot touch the n
nmry sprmgsoj such institutions toconlr
uiem, wunoui cmparrnssing tne wiioiojrnt
chinery. It woii'tBo. It is'tlw vwry di;
strtiction of our liberttbs.
It will bo seen by the thlngirw'o linve had
under consideration in iht'SOcPaces. tlint
this great and fundamental jiHocinlo of
muc.-in.uu uciiiui.-ijH;jr iiiia wi'ii uiirKU IK'-
ing violated by the policy and measures., of
our Uovernmem. Uur only safety is i
v ' ' . - . - v
returningio that principle. The voice of
the ocople of this land should - be heard,
froui Nova Scotia to Texas, in one loud,
ong note of determined purpose : Don't
govern too inuch. Let tho people alone.
If we get into difficulty, we'll get out agaiu.
it is the violation of this, vital principle
of democracy, i is this concentration of
influence in the national Executive, this
gradual epcroac
consolidation , tins r edcral grasp tliat clutch
cs all things it can lay its hands upon, to
perpetuate power in the same set of men
yes, it is; this that has led to oil our diffi-
CUlllUS.
lllotc iheabolilinn of credit is the abolition
of morality,
Define crodit'as wc will , we cannot dis-
join it from publicrmoralhy; his always
the exact measure of the soundness of the
social state. What could be more prepos.
tcrous, then, what more shocking, than for
a Christian Government, for any Govern
ment whatever, to undertake the abolition
of credit? " Is it pbssibl6' there- should be
toomuchy " a redundancy" of public mor
ality, or that it should be-too influential?
It has certainly received a shock in the re
cent disasters of our country, and urgently
a parental Uovernmcnt. lei they seem
to have set themselves to eject it from the
body politic, as jf it were n fouV demon!
7orf lite Government governs too much.
JTlieyvcrjitQajnudiiresuniing
tnat, if tne people flunk ithey can better
their condition or promote! their happiness
byplanting mulberry trees, or trading in
city lots, or projecting a new town in the
woods, 'or shipping warming .pans to the
West Indies, or ice to Calcutta or INew
South Wales, or sailingjn a balloon, they
will not claim leave to try ; end if they
fail, tliat they will not. assert tho right of
Iryinaumc'thing. else according to iheirJ
oesi oiscretion. tney govern too much,
in presuming that tne people wil allow
their private enterprises to be interfered
witli, or their private affairs to be superin
tended by Government regulations and iol.
ice. They govern too- -uueh , !if "preiara.
ing that the evils of indiscretion" irf 'ilie
management of private aftairs can be bet
ter remedied by the action of Upvcrnincnti
Uian by the experience- of the jVarties cfia
ccrned. They govern too much, in pre
suming to call tho private enterprises of
our citizens " wild speculation, " frau.
dulcnt credit," " gambling," swindling,"
&c. &c, andjthprc:cjding.lo punish
these acts as -vtees and crimes, without
trial, themselves being the accusers, judges,
and executioners.. They govern too much,
a nation oi innocents tor a lew oiionders
and in doing the w hole by an ex post facto
law oi xneir own ucvising.
It mav be, that many of our citizens
have made too Jree with their freedom.--'
This is the natural operation of our free
institutions. But they were for the most
part honest ; they made baste to get rich ;
they have suffered for it ; rad now what do
NUMBER 20
they get , from the Government of their
country? Sympathy, kindness, help, pro.
tectionT No such thing. But tliey are
visited in vengeance, arraigned as crimin.
als, sentenced withont trial, put to the tor
ture without mercy ; and here we are all"
in the samo mass ; all dragged to the same
doom, whipped and scourged aait o
were a nation of malefactors V
What right have our Government, cither
to call the private enterprises "of our ,?ifi
zens. vices and crimes, or, to punish them
as such by ex nosT facto cnactmente? If a
Russian orjl urkish despot had committed
an eqtmKbutrage on his abject slaves, it
would rouse the sympathy and indignation
the world.' "Speculation," "fraud"?
f gambling," " swindling." Tlicse are
tlie charges charges brought by tho Gov
ernment against a free people!. And then
lie people aro punished- all, the innocent..
with the guilty, without opportunity of de.
ft nee , and by an arbitrary lawwluch had
no existence before! Obviously, we"" are
governed too much. The, best Govern
ment is tliat which is ftcitherseen, nor felt,
by tho innocent and good citizen... :.: That is
true American democracy.
A hard ease.
'fiicre are the Suite debts, incurred from- -tho
noblest motives, by the most unques
tionable aims of patriotism and State pride,
under prospects not only justifiable in thet
light of all the prudence and sagacity of
tho wisest men of the time, but highly
praiseworthy in tho circumstances of the
several cass. Hut tho infutuatcd policy,
ustiriied powers, and tyrannical measures
if our national administration have brough
tbout domestic troubles of a most disas.
Irous and ruinous character, and sj1Il cted
ur credit abroad, ds to place alt the States
tlms involved in a most uueprhfortahro, anx
ious, and truly calamitous condition. And
Ihw diK-s our National Government treor1
these States ns 46mjM-nsntion fiir the res.
ponsibiliiy yfnieasure that havo led to
such consequences I Do they sny to tho
crediUrfs abroad and elsewhere, that these
a are good and Mile T Do they vohin-
uer any sort of facility to aid these sulfur.
ing members of the Union in their einbar.
nmsed.eircunistnncesT Di they even let
theih olonr, mid iiprmit them to do tho bewt.
they can on the basis of their own credit t
Alas to say j tlwyhnve not so far respected,
the dignity of their high estate, but have
descended, uncalled, unprovoked, to tho
evil of the malicious slanderer of his
neighbour's reputation, and whispered aside
the cars ofthe creditors ofthese estates :
nth nien , we advise you to have n care,
and lobkto your own internets. Were wo
solicited vc sliould not deem it prudent to
uiiderwritc lor these parties indebted to
yoo." Nay, norvcxactiy this : 'Tis some,
thing worse. Or iHs not this alone: Tis
something in addition ,shod of grnver mp?
ment. They have npricarpd before tho
-their cvi-
dencj? in open court ; they have gape upon ,
the floor of the American Senutcthey
have indircctlv. at no bidding but their
own will,1 announced and proclaimed front's
tliat high place; the fact of insolvency in
the ermditiori of these States, or what might
writ ne" SimccPpted aa wch'bjrihc-parties
nost interested to know ? Instead of. tho
sympathy bf fraternal solicitude, and nn
office of kindness in the hour most needed,
there were tlie whisperings, and there were
tlie public acts of an enemy ! Was ever
infidelity, treachery, like this, from a party
thus related I Does history record such ,
an example of baseness, first to entrap, aiid
then to smite ? In the vulgar walks of vul
gar men such things have been krio'wll'j'bnt"
tliey arc always stamped with the. infamy
tliey Joerve, wlien the parties arc of suf.
ficicnt conscnuence to be made infamous.
by m
Ik fee
No matter whence these calamities come;
no mutter if the administration of ou com
mon, country could acejmtthemselves of
this ae.oponsibility, and charge, the fault at
otherV doors ; no matter if tliC3e suffering
States Iiad themselves been tempted into
indiscretions ; yet, there is a fraternaTcliar".
acter, a sacredncss in the bond of our r ed
cral Union; there is a patriotism implied
in the compact, and natural to the case
and its relations ; there is a respect which
the states owe to .each other, and the nation
to the states, before the wurld ; tliero is a
tic that binds us to fight and die for our
i . . .
common IioBor, even though wo quarrel
among 6urslvesjand above all there iVa
parental character looked for in thosu
premc authorities of this Republic, when
ever t!ie interests of any of the great fam
ily of federated State's arc in jeopardy, or.
their social standing is'drawn in question.
TotfSyojinded by a brother's hand, is cruel;
to bclissaultcd bys parent's, is to Imvc lived
too long! .1
But enough too much of this. i
We
bar
mean
tlieTucFis too inucTi. If wc"
not a worthy, patriotic aim in view, demand,
ing, at least making some, justification of
tliis notice, the Mush of shame w hich'suf
fuses our cheek in the execution of this task
sliould die away unseen, and tho blood
which boils in our veins at these recollcc.
tions should fall back to its wonted coolness,
and leave these burning thoughts unrecord
ed Hut these unnatural wron;
such parties from such a quarter, and the
sufferings of our common country, so vast
and unendurable, and inflicted by the same
hand, calls for redress. I hank Heaven.
that redress, nt least relief, is yet in tho
power of the American people. They
have suffered much, long, patiently, nobly,,
because tfcey respect tliernseTves, and know
their strength ad their remedy.
pi
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