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PWiWV A J rwtirr, of the U. 8
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MISCELLANEOUS,
, 'I NlTrorri tho Rochester Gcmf
Tho chanffO' of Fortune.
k FLAIJi STEMEXt OF FACTS
: Some sixty.fivc cXseventy years ago, a
vessel irom tasiun arnveu at ono ui tne
wharfii nt T.nnilnn. Anionr llio hnnd-j nn
board was one bv tbo naino bT Tudor, a
steady, rcspeclaUln.'nnd well-Iookingvoung
man, wno acicu m mc capucny 01 twin
cooper and sailor. -
Very early ono rnorumg, and before any
other hand than Tudor hud come upon deck,
a young, bealifuland lolerably well dress
cd female came trinplinz down the street
to tbo vessel, and inquired of Tudor for the
Captain. She win told that ho had not yot
urwon, but she mmstcd on seeing him with-
out delay, and with Tudor's permission, pro.
ccudod unaccompanied . to his berth, and
arousing Jiim, addressed him-with, .
Good morning, Cjptnin ; I Imve called
to see if you will marry .mo.'.. .
Marry jou P replied the astonished Cap.
tain, believing her to bo a suspicious char,
acter, ' leave my vessel instantly, if you
know what is your interest.'
She then weut to t ho mate's berth, and
asked him if he would marry her. and re
ceiving an answer similar to tbo Captain's,
she went upon deck, whore Tudor was en
gaged in gome business, and put tho same
question to him, . -
'With all my heart,' snid Tudor, in a
half aerious, half jocular manner.
Then come akng with me.' " "; "
Tudor left fis work and iollowed her
with motivo wbich bo afterwads declared ho
could never atisfactorily account fbr,'evn
to himself. -.: By the ime they had reached
WpTincip;it streets bf theciiy , many of the.
snops had been opened. . . 1 bo lady entered
a barber's shop, followed by Tudor, beck
Ttned him to bo sealed, and ordered the
knight of the razor to take off his beard
and hair, both of which operations ho un.
questionably stood io need of. ., She footed
t lie bill, an I they left tho shop, but soon
entered a hat stove. - -She requested the best
lot of beavers a the store mvfjht bo placed
uq the counter, and then told Tudor to sc.
lect such a ono as suited Jiim. Ho soon
did thid, and the price was paid by the lady ;
Tudorlhrew' asido histild tarpawJiti and
left the store with his coirtpani'in. in n lca
v'er hat that would not hlivo disgraced his
Majesty the King himself. They next visi
ted a shoe store, where Tudor was not long
in selecting a pairof Loots nor the lady in
paying for them.. , : . "
Tudor by this time was puzzled to divino
tho object the lady had in view, and it must
bo acknowledged ho Was apprehensive all
was not right. . But fully aware that he had
committed no..crimo .'to make him. dread
tins face'ofany mortal, and wishinjt to see
the end of tbo farccYwhich he considered
had then fairly commenced, ho was deter,
tinned lo press onward , for the worst, trust
ing every thing to his guide, and companion.
Ho solicited from tbo lady an explanation
of her designs, but she told him to bo silent
and ask ho questions, and immediately led
ttyo way into a clothing store. J Fere Tudor
was told to select tho best suit of clothes in
tbe store that suited hiih, with corresnond."
ing articles of tlothing, and the sailor irt his
doubletf.tnr.bedanbcIpnntalci?and che
quered shirt, was In a few, minutes mcta.
morplioscd into as find a gentleman, as far
,s appca,rance fa concerned , as had walked
(Street? of trmt great metropoha for many
a day.-The bill at-th'w- placerathe
others, was paid by the lady.
TudorV amazement was now complete.
.. neither kncwTliatto 'nny'or thiul;.
Who the lady was or what her intentions
cre, he could not even surmisn. Me again
ankcd for on explanation, and insisted upon
one ; but tho only answer jhercceived was,
" 'Fatlow.mc, and bo not alarmed, and all
will be explained liereaftea to your entire
satisfaction.'
One thing Tudor was obliged to acknowl
S6 'a Jy thw far, haJ done with him
as well as he could have wished; be there
fore resolved to ask no more questions, and
to comply with alLhcr requests and de.
. mands. Presently she conducted him into
a magistrate's office, and fjoHtely requested
the minister of the law to unite her and her
companion in the bonds of matrimony.
This was something of a damper to Tudor,
but nevertheless, he tacitly t yielded; the
ceremony was soon commenced, and in two
seconds the couple were pronounced man
and wife! f .
- Without til teririir a . word, or even exi
changing a kiss, Tudor and nU wife now
lea the magiatrate'a, but not, however, un
, til 8he had given him a sovereign for his
. Bcrvices. The couple passed through many
streets in silence Tudor hardly knowing
S,nt be was doing or what he bai done,
. nd certainly ignorant of where he was'go.
ing-er-whot agaked him , of tbo thoughts
that occupied hi wife's mind, the reader
will soon be able to judge for himself.
Turning the corner of a vtrcct, Tudor
beheld, a few rodj in front or him, a splcn
did dwelling, towards which his wife seem.
cd to direct her footsteps as well as his own,
and into the front of which they soou en
tered. The room into which Tudor was
ushered by hid wife, was furnished in n
style of the greatest magnificence. She set
him a chair, telling him to make himself
contented for a jniiiuto or two, and then
passed into another room. The first one
here to address her was her uncle, w ho, on
seeing her ente.r the room, jumped in aston
ishment from his chair, and calling her by
name, demanded how she had escaped from
her room, and where she had been. She
only said r
Thou fiend in human shape ! I allow
you justpne hour to remove yourflects
from this house. The actual possession of
my property here you have long deprived
mo of, and vainly thought you had inado
arrangements by which you could deprive
me of it through life : but I have frustrated
your wicked designs I nm now mistress of
mv own house, I was tins moment married,
ami my husband is now in tho front room!
I must now leave tho new married couple
fot a short time fur tho purpose of reverting
to tliCxjustorv oi M rn. i udor. bho was tho
otily child of a wealthy genttcmnn whom I
shall designate 89 Mr. A., not recollecting
his actual nameyand for tho same mason i
shall call his d'ngbii-r Eliza. Ho had
spared neither time not-expense in tho edu
cation of his daughter, sfievbcing tho only
tiect oi ms enro and ri'iardbis wife hav-
ingdidowhensba wasquite yoongMid before
his death, which took place before shewas
14 or 15 years of age, he had the satisfac
tion of witnessinz.in Jier oncpf the most
accomplished and beautiful young ladies in
London.
A short time previous to his death, nn
arrangement was entered into between Mr.
A. and a brother of his, giving tho latter
tho possession of his house,-servants, &c.,
and such other property as had not been de-
posited in the bank for tho benefit of his
daughter, till the time of her marriage, when
tho possession of them was to be given up
to her husband. It was also a condition of
toa.n5reemeM,.lh.at
out marryinsr. tho property was to 20 to
her uncle and his family.
Immediately utter Iho death of nlr. A.,
his brother removed into his dwelling.
Eliia boarded in his titmily ; and every
thing went on agreeably for some months,
when Lliza discovered in her uncle and his
family the manifestations that sho should
never marry tho reasons for which, from
what has already been said, must bo obvious
t6 every reader.
Unluckily for Eliza, she did not discover
tho diabolical plot 4n season to frustrate it
in its bud. It was nothing less than, this:
to shut her up in one of the centre rooms of
the third story of tho house, to prevent her
leaving it by keeping tho doors and win
dows thoroughly bolted, and to refuse her
tho company of her associates, by telling
them when they called, that she was cither
at si'hool, or was at somo of the shops on
business, or had taken a ride into tho coun
try for health, and to see soino of her rela-
tionsf or
by telling them
something
clso
equally false,
Eliza generally received her meals through
a small door in tho ceiling, fronHhe hands
of her unfeelinj' nunt, to whom her cries
for-libcration -from-Aer- lonely and dismal
prison house1, were no more effectual than
if they had been directed to tbo idlo wind.
Three years was tho unfortunate girl thus
shut out from all communication with the
world, when one morning her breakfast was
carried to her by nn old female servant of
her father. . Eliza once more discovered
the face of" her old friend nnd servant
burst into tears, attempted several times to
speak but could not. Juan- well understood
the meaning of those incoherent sobbings,
and snid, herself almost unable to speak
from cmoliortTt Ilush, hushTEh'zF inis
tress; I nnderstand all. Your tyrant aunt
was taken ill last night, and says it is doubt
ful whcthershe long -aurvives.--1 will sec
you againVnt noon and at evening. Some
of youTold servants: have tangoecirplaTi.
ning means tor your escape, and are now
in hope of effecting it ;' and without waiting
for ElizaVtliahksJ and blessings, quickly
trippod down stairs.
Eliza, though uniblo for some time to
partake of her repast, did so at last with a
better zest than she ever had before. Her
old servants were still about the house, and
were bent on her rescue f Most welcome,
soul-inspiring intelligence! "
What said she to herself, is it possi.
bio that I am to be delivered from this vile
placo of confinement! Is it possible that
there lives one who seeks my liberation
anof ffiy happiness T Is it possible that all
connected with this establishment do not
possess hearts bf adamant! God speed
thee Juan, and thy associates, in thy work
of love and mercy ?'
It is unnecessary to detail all the minutia
of the scheme for Eliza's 'escape, find the
several interviews between her and Juan,
for the three days she supplied Eliza with
her meals. Suffice it to say that on the
evening of the fourth day after the above
interview, Eliza was.farnished with an in
strument to ; unbar the-wndow, and was
promised a rope ladder on the following
evening, to effect a desdent from one of the
windows in the adjoining room ; but having
loosed the bars the ramc evening the instru
ment for thai purpose was put in Iter hands
sho determined not to wait till the following
evening for the promised ladder, hot know
ing but that the plot-might be discovered by
her uncler or some of his children ; and she
accordingly weut to work making a rope
(if such it may be called) from her bed
clothes, by tearing them into strips and ty
ing the ends together.
A ftcr a few hours labor sho completed
her rope, but foaring'it might not, be strong
enough to support her, it was sometime be.
fore she dared attempt a descent. ' Burpre
fering death to a longer confinement, and
fearing that sho might be detected site re
solved to irtake the attempt resigning her
fate into the hands of Hint who is tho or
phan's friend. She did make the attempt,
and was successful ! Yes, she was now
liberated from a prison in her own house,
where for ' filthy lucre's sake,' she had been
confined by her own uncle, and once more
hrfiathcdiheupuroair.ofireedjin.TJuis
was about daylight. She immediately bent
her steps toward the dock where tho Boston
vessel lay, and from that period in her life
till she ushered her husband into her house,
the reader has already an account.
Tho surprised and horror-stricken uncle
stood in muto astonishment for some mo
ments after being informed by Eliza of her
marriage. Sho -again repeated tho com
mand, ' Leave my house in an hour, thou
monsierj'and then returned to her huslmid,
where the promised explanation was made.
The amazement of Tudor, and the trans,
ports of his wife, at tho sudden changes in
their fortunes and conditions, mnyossibly
be conceived, butthy cannot be expressed.
Boing incompetent to tbo task, I will not
attempt to describe tho scenes, that succes
sively followed the embrace of tho happy
couple, tbo kisses exciianged the joy of
the faithful servants nt seeing their young
mistress orice Triore rM liberty the chagriii7
mortification and decampment of the inhu.
inattvUiiclaand his family the congratula
lions of old n4etids and acquaintances the
parties that weregiven by Mrs. Tudor, as
well as those attended by her nnd husband
their many pkasaut rides into the country,
&c. &c.
One pleasant morning, some four or five
days after the marriage, tbo attention of the
officers and hands of the Boston vessel was
two cream-colorcd horses, richly capari-
soned, which was approaching tho wharf,
and iam few momenta halted in front of tho
vessel. Tho driver dismounted from the
box , and let down the strpa of the curriuge ;
A:utleiiiuu aurgeously dressed, stepped
out, and assisted a lady with corresponding
habiliments to alight ; they then stepped on
bourd the vessel, when tho gentleman asked
tho captain what port ho was from, how
many days he was in performing the pas.
when ho intended to return, tho
amount uf-fare far passengers, and other
questions of a like nature, receiving appro
priate answers to tho same, and asked leave
to examine tho cabins and other accommo
dations of the vessel,., which were very
courteously shown him. He then observed
that he and his lady had some thoughts of
soon starting to Ameriea, in case they con.
eluded to do so, assuring tho captain they
would take pass:igo with him. They then
left tho cabin, but before leaving the vessel
tbe gentleman turned, round, to the captain
and jaid '
. Capt. , (calling him by name,) lie.
fore leaving your vessel, permit jhe to make
you acquainted with Mrs. Tudor.'
It was noLlilLtbia moment, that the cap
tain and those aromii him recognised in
rho elegantly dressed gentleman, their old
friend and companion", Tudor, the cooper !
they supposiruHijat some sad, if not fatal
accident had Dofuljen him. I once more
leave tho reader to judge of the congratula.
lions that now followed, and the healths that
were drank. .
Tho remainder of my sketch is soon told.
Tudor distributed the wages cominj; to htm
with his old associates -bade them good
bye, but not however, until ho had extracted
a promise from tho cuplain and his crew to
call.as often as convenient upou him, before
sailing left the vessel and entered his car
riage, and was driven to his own door.
' Tudor and his wife lived through life upon
the most arrricahhr terms,-and were blessed
with prosperity, and an obedient and re
spcetablo circle of children. Some years
after his marriage, he Teturned7 accompa
nied, by Ins wife, to his native place, Bos
ton, where he built two. or three wharves,
that bear his name to this day. They after
wards returned to London, where they died
as they lived since their union, honored and
respected by all who enjoyed their acquaint
ance.
Miseries of Thavellebs. One hour
before Jiight to be told it isiive miles to a
house travel several miles! and bo assur.
ed it is at least seven li good long miles '1''
further. 1
A long day's journey to go get a late
start, and nnd, after going several miles.
that you, have fbrgotton some very hnpor
tant article of luirgagc comoelled to turn
back roads horrible
.To be) benighted, and asking in great
haste of k person by tbo way-side the dis
to your intended stage, to have him drawl
out a reply as U ne was singing psalms
besides enquiring your Came, residence,
destination and profession.
In a strange section of country, on in.
quiry,'told to "keep the plain straight for'.
ird road -co- half mile, and discover
throe roads, one apparently as plain a the
other, and no sign-boards. Au. Rrg. -
From the Church of England Quarterly Review.)
: The Christian Warrior. , ;
1 - vve often hear of those whohava fajlen
.L r ,.1 1 1 i..ii..,t
tu 11 io anus 01 victory , mm woo, iuiil-u iu
glory's lap to rest, have slept peacefully be
neath tho sod ; whilst a grentful country,
which they gave their lives to defend, has
gathered their ashes into marble urns, and
enrolled their names with the illustrious
dead. Ai,d those names have been borne
on the tongue of posterity, familiar as
household words; and painting has blazon
ed their triumphs ; and sculpture has fixed
them in tho living rov.k" and poet xylias"
decked thjn with the lustre, and crowned
them with the halo of song. And we love
the memory of the departed brave, and we
movo with more slow and measured tread
ns we approach their tombs, and Wo bless
the sod thtt forms the warrior's piilow, and
enshrine ;n our hearts the names of the
RCpulchur mighty But while we thuspav
a duo tribjie to those who sleep the warn,
or's 8leepy,and honor the brnvo who shed
their blood for their country, whether tiy
land or se? still must we never cease to re
member t!bt the rest of the departed sol
dier of the) cross is yet a more illustrious
thing thai he is the true hero who sleeps
in the nrmsof victory.
Earth kicw not his conflict; she mark
cd not his trend in her blood-lx'dewed soil,
and her clown-ti'odtlon lmrwti -J -
ing villages, and plundered cities, and wa
ters red with gore. The field of warfare
wus in the deep recesses of the lone ly spir
it. There' was none of the "confused
noise," 'and the garments rolled in blood,'
which marked the battle of tho warrior ;
but yet the struggle whs desperate, nnd the
conflict iiucea'snrgT'Tvvas a" conflict with
those with whom peace would be ruin, and
compromise destruction. Twns the tug of
that despjato mortaj strife, iu which one
of the antagonists is doomed, and there
could be no more slumbering on the arms
no cessation from tho war. Then how
great tho character of that repose in which
such a conflict has censed, nnd ceased for
ever! How sweet the sleep of the war.
rior, after such a day of battle and alarms !
And though he may hare been unknown
to the world, and have passed away in ob
scurity, p.rliap3 in heart-rending poverty,
and amidst tho grim loneliness of desertion,
f.im wept.ajdnsung;lVyci.-gQi;ambgrjoteol
was he. Ho was a king, a conqueror,
passing through earth's scenes.in disguise.
And whilst no solemn dirge was chaun'ed
nt his obsequies, and nolongtrain of mourn
ers thronged around bis coffin, and no her
aldic pomp and blazonry wore there ; yet
was the scene honored by the presenco of
nn innumerable company of angels, and
the admiring gazo of the Church of the
first-born. And there was a requiem for
tho departing spirit, though no mortal voices
chnunted the strain ; and tho words were,
" Blessed are the dead which die in the
Lord; yea, saith the Spirit, for thpy rest
from their -labors j pan J their works- do follow
them."'
Marriage is Ehancs. We propose la
give a brief sketch of the progrcsof a tna.
trimonial arrangement, in that country.
The f.itliexof ihe young lady is first ap
plied to, with aTiew to aiseertain wh-it is
the portion he wilt give with her." If the
sum mentioned U'tlecmcd -insufficient, and
heaunot be prevailed upon toincrer.se it,
nnd the opplicant is obstinate, the neg iciu
tion is at on end. At length there is found
one who is willing to receive her upon the
terms proposed. Forthwith commences
preparation of the trousseau, which is made
as large as possible, with a view to secure
to her, for u considerable portion of life, a
supply of clothing independent of her hus
band. On the murrow of the wedding, the
father places in tho hands of the bridegroom
all the bills for articles thus purchased, and'
a draft for the balance of the dowry agreed
upon, and thus is this" fuir business trans
action" closed. The eldest daughter being
thus disposed of, an application of a simi.
lar kind is now, we will suppose, madofor
thqccondTZThc
means have been so far impaired by the ne
cessity of providing for the first, that he
can do nothing for 4! le .next until after spine
years of prosperous business. The nppli-.
cant -withdra-wsy- and -tho faurrg lady re
mains unmarried until, her father finds him-self-enabled
to gtve her a rwrtinii suited to
her situation in life, without which no wo
man can expect to obtain a husband. The
conscqucnco is that a large portion of the
sex remain unmarried durinir life : and" of
those who do marry, the average age is not
less, wc think, than rj.
Good Example. The Lowell Courier
gives an instance of honesty, us remirka
ble as sincere. About sixty years since,
two young men of Essex county. Mass'.,
separated, both leaving ther native town,
the one for New Hampshire, tho oilier for
another place in Massachusetts.
One of tbe parties still lives at Reading,
Mass. The other died a short time since
in New Hampshire, and the survivor, now
learned folr the first timc his residence, by
the obituary circulated in the prints. The
old man immediately addressed a line to the
widow, (if. living ,) or heirs of bis deceased
friend, stating, at the time they separated,
that he was in his debt, and grieved him
much tha; lie hud never paid it. In the let.
ter he inclosed tho debt and the same
amount as interest, begging that he might
be excused for not paying it before, and
hoping that the trembling hand of eighty
years would be sufficient apology for so
short a letter. . . .r
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
" -Xl (Wtlv o'clock, yesterday tho Presi
dent ol the United States transmitted to
both Houses of Congress tho following Mcs
sage: - ' . '" ' '
To ike Senate and Home of Representatives
of the United stales: -
In coming together, fellow-citizcns, to
enter again upon the discharge of the du
ties with which tho People have charged
us, severally, we find great occasion to re
joice in the general prosperity of tho coun
try. Wo aro in tho enjoyment of nil the
blessings of civil and religious liberty, with
unexampled means of education, knowl
edge, uud improvement. . Through the year
which is now drawing to a close peace has
been in our borders and plenty in our habi
tations ; and although disease has visited
t some few portions of tho' land wittrdisl ress
nnd mortality, yet in general tho health of
the People has been preserved, and wc arc
called, upon by tho highest obligations of
duty to retiew our thanks and our devotion
to our Heavenly Parent, who has continued
to vouchsafe to us the eminent blessings
which surround us, ond, who has so signal
ly crowned tho year with his goodness. If
we find ourselves increasing, beyond exam-
rlj. u r,.u..i. . ; i in
knowledge, in every thing that promotes
human and social happiness, let us ever re
member our dependence for ull these on the
protection imiLj.iierciful dispensations of
Divine Providence.
Since your last adjournment, Alexander
MeLeod, a British subject, who was indict
ed for tho murder of au-A mericau citizen r
and whose case has been the subject of a
correspondence heretofore communicated
to you, has been acquitted by the verdict of
an impartial and intelligent jury, and bus,
under tho judgment of the court, been regu
larly discharged.
Great Britain having made known to this
Government that the expedition which was
fitted out from Canada for the destruction
of the steamboat Caroline, in the winter of
1837, and which resulted iu the destruction
of said bout and in the death of an Ameri
can citizen, wa-j undertukeii by orders
emanating from the authorities of the Bri
tish Government in Canada, and denian.1
7ngnTieT''uTsr3w ground tlmt,ifeugaged in that expediliou,
ho did but fulfil tho ordure of his Govern,
merit, has. thus been answered in tho only
way iu which sho could bu answered by u
Government, the powers of winch ure dis
Iributed among its several departments by
tbo luudunioiit.il law. Happily for tho poo
pie of Great Britain us well as of tluso of
the United btates, the only mode by which
nn individual, arraigned lur a criminal of
fence, before the courts of cither, can ob
tain . '. "duohargeps-bjr-the independent
action of, the Judiciary, uud by proceed
ings equally Janiiliar tojhe courts of both
Countries. -
If in.Greut Britain a power exists in the
Crovui lo'cause to bo entered a nolle prose
qui, which is not the case whh tliu Execu
tive power of the United States upon a pro
secution pending in a State court, yet there,
uo more irran heret can the chief executive
power rescue a prisoner from custody iiiih
out an order of tliu proper tribunal direct
ing hi J discharge.
The precise stao of the proceedings at
which such order m-.y bo mado is a,Tiiatter
of municipal regulation exclusively, and
UVl to. bu c'omplaiueJ of by any other Go.
vernment. In cases of this kind, a Govern
meiit becomes politically .responsible only
when its tribunals of last resort are shown
to have rendered unjust and injurious judg
ments in matters not doubtful. To tho cs
tablishmeiit and elucidation of this prir.ci.
pie, 110 nation has rent its authority more
efficiently than Great; Britain. Alexander
McLeoJ having his option cither to prose,
cute a writ of error from the de cision of
llio Supremo Court of New YorfcT" which
had b( en rendered upon his application for
a. discharge,, to UiiiSuprcniu. Court of. 'the.
United States, or to submit hid cuse to the
decision of a jury., preferred "ilio latter,
deeming it thcTcaiJii'st mode of obtaining
bis liberation ; oik! the result has fully sus
tained the-vmdunt of jits -choice; Tbo nnttr
ner in which the issue submitted was tried,
pviil satislythc EnghshGovernmrnt that the
f principles of justiecwill never fait to govern
j ihccnlighteniddecissioii of anAmcrican tri
j bun d. I cannot fuil, however, to suggr st
i to Congress the propriety, and iu somu de
gree the neeostty, oi niukvmg such provis
lonSliy" law, so fur as they uny constitu
tionally do so, for the removal at their cum.
ineiiccinent, uud at tho option of tbe partv,
of all such cases us may ' hereafter arise,
and which may involve the faithful observ
ance aniKxceulionof our iuteruatioualob
liffutious, from the Slateto tha Federal Ju
diciary. : This Government, by our insti
tutions, is charged with the maintainance of
peace and lle preservation of amicable re.
lutions with the1 nations of the earth, and
ought to possess, without question, all the
reasonable and proper means of maintain
tng the ono and preserving tho other.
Whilsfjust confidence is fell in Mio Judici
ary of llio States, yet this Government
ought to be competent in itself for thejulfil.
meat of tho hlgh'dutiejwhich have been
devolved upon, it, under the organic law, by .
the States themselves. . .
In the month of September, a party of
armed men from Upper Canada invaoVd
the territory of the United Sutcs, and fbrcl. '
Wy seized upon the person of one Grogan,
and, undcf t-curnstances of great harsh-;
ness, hurriedly carried him up to the aulho.
ritiea of, Upper Caouda. UL immedlata
discharge was ordered by tiiose authorities
upon the facts of the case being "brought to
their knowledge a course of procedure
which was to have been. expected from a
nation, with whom we are ut peace, and
which wus not more duu to the rights of tha
United Sia ics than to its own regard for
justice. Tiie correspondence which passed
between iho Department of State and th
British Envoy,-Mr.-Fox, and with tho Go.
vernor of Vermont, as soon as, the facts
had hccn mndc" known to this Department,
are herewith communicated.
I regret that it is not in my power to
make knowu lo )ou an equally satisfactory
conclusion in the case of the Caroline steam,
er, with the circumstances connected with
tbe destruction of which, in December,
1837, by an armed force fitted out in tha'
province of Uprer Canada, you are already
made acquainted. lo such atonement fc
was due for tho public wrong donu to tha
United States by this invasion of her terru
tory , so wholly irreconcilable with her rights
as an iinlejiendent Power, has yet. been
made In tho view taken Ly this Govern
meut, tho inquiry whether the vessel was
in tho employment of those who were pro
secuting an unauthorized war ugainst that
the business of transporting passengers to
and from Navy Llnnd iuJiopcs of private
gain, which was rnost'probably the case, in
no degree alters the-real question nt issuo
between tho two Governments. This Go.
vernment can never concede to any foreign
Government tho power, except in a case of
tho most urgent and extreme necessity, of
111 LlUl ll 1 14 IVHIIVI T 1 Viuiv a v 1
persons or destroy the property of thoso
who rnoy have violated the municipal laws
of such foreign 'Government, or have disre
gnrded their obligations arising under tha
law of nations. The territory of the UnU
ted States must bo regarded as sacredly se
euro against all such invasions, until they
shull voluntarily acknowledge their inability
to acquit themselves of their duties to others.
And, In announcing this sentiment, I do
but affirm a principle which no nation on
earth would be more ready to vindicate, at
all hazards, than tho people and Govern
ment of Great Britain. " ,
- Jf.unon a full investigation of ali the facts,
it shall appear that the owner of the Caro.
lino was governed by ft hostile intent, orj
liad maducommun . catuci. with those who
were in the occupancy, of Navy island,
then, so far ns ho is concerned, iliere can
be no claim to indemnity for the destruction
of his boat, which this Government would
feel itself bound to prosecute since he
would have acted not only in derogation of
tho rights of Great Britain, but in clear vi
olatiou of the laws of the United States:
but that is a question which however settled,
in iio' manner involves the higher consider,
ntion of tho violation of territorial sovor.
ignty nnd jurisdiction. To recognise it as
an admi siblo practice, that each Govern.
merit, in its turn, upon any sudden and un
authorized outbreak, which, on n frontier
tho exteiit of which renders it impossible
for cither to have an efficient force on eve
ry mile of it, and which outbn.uk, there,
fore, neither may be able to suppress in a
day, may tuko vengeauco into its own
hands, and without even a remonstrance,
and in the absence of uny pressing or over .
ruling necessity, may invade the territory
of the other, would inevitably lead to re
sults equally to b'j deplored by both. When
border collisions comcio recuivelho sane.
lion or to be unde on the authority of cither
Government, general wnr must bo the in.
cvitable result. While it is the ardent de
sire of the United States to cultivate there,
lations of peace w ith .!! nations, and to ful
fil all the duties of good neighborhood to
ward:! thos'j who possess territories adjoin
ing their own, lb it Very desire would lead
to deny lite-right of-any foreign Power lor
invade their boundary with an armed force.
The oir.fcspoiideiice betwen tho two Go.
vernmenls nn ttii'i inliii-i'l will at a. fiilnril
day of yatir session, be submitted to your
consideration; mid, in the mean time, I
cannot but Indulge the hope thut the British
XJoverhmeiif willsce the propriety of "re.
nounnng, ns a rule of future action, the
precWeiit which hns heeiTlt't HilbeJ affair"
at Scldossrr . -
I herewith suhmTt
which has recerilljr taken place between tha
A merienn niini.-terat the Court of St. James f
Mr. Stevenson, and tho Minister of Foreign
Affairs of that Government, on the right
claimed by hut Government to vi&and
detain vcsmjIs s iiling under tho American
flag, and engaged in prosecuting lawful
commerce in the African seas. Our com.
incrcial interests in tjiat region have expe.
rienced cMisideTaWo4)crease,and have be
come an object of much importance, and
it u the duty of l,iivCfTimcDt to protect
1 hem ogainst oil improper and vexatious in- -tcrrupiion.
.. Hew.eyeduugus'--the United ?
States may bo for the suppression of tb;
slaave trade, they cannot consent to inter
polations into tho maratimo code at tha
mere will ahU pleasure of other Govern,
mcnts. We deny the right of any such in
terpolation to any one, or all the nations of 7
the earth, itnoul our consent. We claim
to hare a voice Tn all bok ndmenls or alt. -rations
of that code ; and when we are
given to understand, as In this instance. by
a foreign Government, that iu treaties with
other nation cannot be executed, without
the establishment and enforcement of new
without our ctbtent. we muat eroploy a ho-
guagc neither of fui vocal import, nor