North Carolina Newspapers

"Life It only to, be valued at It It usefully employed. VOLUME tf-NUMBER 46.- ASHEV1LLE, NORTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 20, 1842. OTOLE NUMBER 98; PRINTED ANO PUBLISH EO WEEKLY, BY J. HrCHRISTr & CO., rnblishen of the laws of the United States. Tb.ii paper ia published weekly, at Two Doi. . uu Ana Vim CxNTt pier .annum, in advance i or Tuuc Douuas, if payment ba delayed after the receipt of the 10th Number from the time of tub. ecribinr. O" Tket term will, in all cases, be ttrietly adhered to. , No subscription discontinued (except at the op tion of the publisher) until all arrearage! are paid. MISCELLANEOUS. I; . . (From the Christian Repository. . Tb Barrens of Kentucky. When I sat down to write, it was my in tention to give a description oi a visit I made, during the last summer, to the Great Mammoth Cave of Kentucky ; but before doing so, it may not be uninteresting nor uninstruclive to devote' an article to what are known as the " Barrens of Kentucky11; and in doing this I shall make a liberal use of a small book that I met with in one of the book-stores in Lexington, as the state, merits and views of 'the author coincide generally with my own opinions, formed upon personal examination. - The Barrens of Kentucky reach from the Tennessee line to the Rolling Fork of Salt River, and embrace a large portion of the Green River country. Tins tract, extend ing over several counties, was originally styled the Darrens, not from any sterility of soil for although tho soil is not of the first quality, it is generally goodo but be. cause it was a kind of rolling prairie, desti tute of timber. While the central parts of .1 . i r . i ....... iiiu oituu were uovereu wiui luresia ui nuuvy timber, or overspread with tall cane brakes, the Barrens, with the exception of a few scattered groves olong the water-courses, were clothed with a thick growth of prairie grass. Tho destitution of timber in the Barrens is thought to be owing to the frequent burn ing of the prairies by hunters, to drive out the game, by which means tho young and tender shoots were scorched and destroyed. With the advancing settlement of the count ry,.the prairie .fires were, gradually extinguished, and the young limber had JiUUI IJf IU 0T. WUIJ3VJGIJW UI LI.IO, tracts which were destitute of shade ten or twelveydirs since, are now covered with extensive forests of black jack, or scrub of being converted to various uses, and which will, no doubt, be succeeded in time by somo more valuable growth. Tho hilly, or knobby region, although in-! ferior land, was preferred by the first set tlors on account of tho advantages it afford ed for wood and water, but after the grant nf tin. T.nrria!ntiiin in 1 ftftfl rf fi-til i hilnrt ifrt . ... -0-... - - i - acres of land to every actual settler, mmy were induced to occupy the lower country. Since that period, owing to the healthiness ofthe climate, tho fine range for ctiltle, tho facilities for raising swine," tho culture of tobacco, and the growth and preservation of timber, the reason for the appellation "Bar rens' is only to bo learned., from th3 anli. quariun. ' The inineral treasures of this region, it is believed, will, when fully developed, con stitute an inexhaustible source of wealth. There arefsavs Mr. Davidson, whose work . ,w - b "- sins in the valley of the Ohioj one connect ed with the upper Ohio, covering part of Ohio, the western part of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, and seven thousand square miles of the eastern section ol Ken tucky. THo coal formation of the lower OhioembracelheaiteyoheVabashin Indiana, and is continued into Kentucky j extending through a dozen counties up the valley of Green River, from Henderson to the vicinity of the Maumoth Cave, A brief account of tho geological struc ture of this section, will at once present a clear view of these extensive mineral re. sources, and throw light upon the origin and formation of tho great caves which abound there. It is irenarallv known that the soil of Ken. I tucky rests on- a basis ot limestone, but it may not bo" so well known, that the charac ter ot this limestone basis vanes in the cen tral and "southorn portions of Jlhe state.--In the'contral portion , the rocky atratajie in a solid and more slaty mass, and abound in igmlaajripe f bones of the mastodon, &c. ma a " m i s .1 . i his kind oi root is aenominaiea great limestone, Iramhi being found under a great area or the western "country. " The soil lies, upon it to the depth of a dozen feet, and a" portion of the lime and slate being dissolved with the soil, imparts that warm and forc ing quality to which the vegetation owes its vigor and luxuriance, and the delightful re. gion itself the tillo by which it is known over the world, as the'" Garden of Ken. tucky." The rocky strata, on tho other hand, which lie bcncilh the Barrens of Kentucky, and whose general limits are nearly coinci dent with the limits of tho Barrens, occupy akogether an area of from five thousand to eight thousand square mites, are less slaty os a mass, Lss fossilliferous, and of the kind called cavernous limestone. Like the sub. stratum of Florida, it contains many tub terranean hollows, into which the streams often sink, and after flowing some distance under ground, emorse at another point. The sink-holes, as they are called, are not the least remarkable curiosities of this re jgioo. They are of a circular shape; and a number pf yards in diameter, shelving down to the "cemre-wttba cntte decitvity,-Bnd supposed to owe their origin to the under. mining action of subjacent water. One of these sinks is within Ja short distance of Bowling Green; frofi one side ot which bursts a stream, whici, after traversing the bottom,: ia cngulfej Hiho opposite side.. Tbe current is of Bufljcicnt force to turn an undershot wheel ; to which utilitarian pur pose it has been applied; and tbe sight of a mill in so Strang) a place is an amusing spectacle. i. - Beneath the wrVrn coal basin of the lower Ohio, etrchel'a formation of slate rock, several hundred feet thick f abounding in iron ore. This again lies upon the ca. vernous limestone, which is found in east. ern as well as western Kentucky, and also in Illinois, Missouri and Arkansas, and al. ways serving as a floor for the coal forma. tion. In this cavernous limestone occur the great caves of Kentucky. W. II. G. Chemical procesn ol petrifying biiinan flesh. The most novel and piquant treat of all others to me in the beautiful capital of Flo. rence, was mv several visits to bignor Sig. ate, a scientific gentleman possessed of a wonderful art unique and unknown to all the world beside. Incredible; if not marvellous as it may seem, ho had discovered a chemi. cal process by whiclf he could actually pe trify, in a very short time, every animal substance, preserving permanently, and with minute uccuracy, its form and internal texture, and in such a state of stony hard, ness that it could be sawed into stubs and elegantly polished ! lie had in this way formed a museum of many animals, such as frogs, fishes, toads, snakes, and a great variety of parts of the human body in a natuial and diseased state. In my presence, ha threw the human liver, lungs, heart, and other parts thus petrifmd, about tho floor with perfect impunity, and without the least injury being done to them. Still more curious, he had, with Italian taste, cut them into small polished squares, and arranged them into complete tables of mo saic work ! s j that it gave him U3 much de- light as it did me astonishment , to find that 1 couIJ with my finger designate to him, on thi precious -centre-table: for a surgeon's drawing-room, the appropriate name and character of each individual obiect thus spread out before me in a pathological chart ot real specimens, thus a pulmonary tu bercle or ulcer here, a hytadid of the liver thereva cicatrixintho brain iff another com--partment, and a calculus in the kidney, or ossification of the heart's auricles and valves in a fourth. It struck ine that, for all ana tomical and surgical purposes, and all ob jects of nutural history, this was an art of inappreciable valucr and the most dosirnblo ever discovered ; and with that view I con versed with him relative to a visit to our country, believing it would be of national importance if wo could havo the benefit of his services. I even entered into some preliminaries .of a negotiation with a design of obtaining him for my own purposes, Jtt hfound him sadly involved in debt, and that his ik-inn nils wero too exorbitant to beicomplic V with. T, however,, made him liberal offers, and did not entirely despair that he would havo nc ceded to them, when, to my regret, about three weeks after wc loft Florence, I wns informed by letter, that he was suddenly attacked -with a violent inflammation of the -lungs, which proved fatal, and what is as much to be deplored, that his unprccedent. ed discovery died with turn.. He never would divulge the least part of his marvel lous process, but when pressed by mo on tho subject, hinted that he had acquired Urn h7s various Tourneys-Tn remote Eastern countries ; and it is fondly to be hoped that somo one may ere long appear who, in pur suing this inquiry , will be enabled to recov. cr the art among those people from whom he intimated he had obtained it. ; It is wor. thy of observation, how, in this cxtraordi nary process, art accomplishes in so brief a time, what nature requires so long a pe riod toeucct, And then never with anv thing comparable to trW perfection, we may say jalmosUdenlity . wilhwhlchthis mode pn serves arr exact fae simile of the original ; in truth the original itself . In tins wpris ing and almost magic art, not only, as we have said, thof precise exterior outline is fulthfuTly an id exactTy're ;prcae nted7 but afso the minute and delicate interior arrange- mcjt cLjtxuctuiC-jdinirabJy .-pcrpctuatgd ; as, for example? the entire viscera of the chest and abdomen, with all their varied and beautiful convolutions, were clearly exhibited, retaining even the cotors of the blood-vessels, in preparations of frogs .birds and other animals, besides the human body. Dr.MotCs Travels. 7V Prtterve Apple mud PearV Wipe the fruit dry. Then takea varnished crockorwide mouthed jar, at the bottom of which is to be a layer of sand, until the crock or jar is full. lt it in a dry place. Apples orpeurs thus treated will keep good all the winter. SteeUinrt. To scatter swellings on horses or other cattle, take two qnarts of proof whiskey, or other proof spirits ; warm it over coals, but not to oiaze ; dissolve it in a pint of soil soap. Y hen cool, put it in a bottle, and add one ounce or cam phor. When dissolved, it will form a liquid opo deldoc, and ia then ready for application, funning a eheip and useful remedy. When tbe swelling is on the. leg, or any part that will receive bandar, soch bandage should be applied, and wet with the opodeldoc T txtnet m OUut SwPper. Take a large atrip of wool pasa it once around the neek f the bottle. attach one end of this band to some fixed object, bold the other, and then are-taw the bottle Uong it. The friction will soon heat the neck of the bottle, and by the haat the neck will axpaad iaf5 eieallj to allow of the stopper being extracted. f ADDRESS OF J. W. CLAPP, ESQ.. AT HOLLY " SPRINGS. MISS. - We remarked in our last number that wc had received a copy of this interesting ad dreas We regret that our limits forbid our publishing it entire a short extract, however, we giye below-.and ask for it an attentive perusal. W. C. Temp. Adv. After speaking of the poison contained in ardent spirits, and the moral principle involved in the use of them to the destruc tion of health, peace and life itself, the au thor proceeds thus i " In the ardent spirits of commerce thia vhru. lent poison la still present. Samson has indeed been robbed of luaeyea, but lie ia gigantio and vindictive still, and the destruction of his victim not lose certain and inevitable. With persevering vengeance, he gropes his way through every lane and avenue of life, leaving wherever he goes the durk impress of his footsteps' in utter and eternal desolation. The stomach and the liver ; the heart and the lungs y the akin and the nerves; every seat of vitality is successively invaded. The brain, that " dome of thought, and palace of the soul," tumbles into ruins under the assaults of the ruthless assailant, ty which the mind ia despoiled of one after another of its majestic attributes. AH human passions and aspirations and hopes are obliterated. The bright pictures of the past, and (he loved images of the friends who are distant and dead, and of those that are around us, which memory has sketched and hung up in her silent galleries, are torn down and defaced till nothing remains but a chaos of dark remembrances ana terrible apprehensions. And when the last iin. press of diviryty has faded from the bloated form and distorted features, and the lost inebriate en ters at last upon the gloom of that valley of si. lence and shadows, and reels on toward the river of death ; Hope, that stands like an angel of mercy, upon the brink or the black and bottomless flood, to comfort and to guido the voyager upon hi passage to tho eternal shore, and direct his dying giue to the celestial goal beyond, aban dons her station at his approach, and leaves the miserable self-murderer to stagger blindly on, un til at last ho staggers into hull ! " Such are the life and dualb of the drunkard ! Better, fur better, had he first resorted to the hal ter or the bowie-knife, and plunged at once into an untimely and dishonored crave. Better for So. cicty, which would thus at a blow have been ridj of a monster that has for years exerted his influx enco and example in propagating a moral pcsli. lence in its midst. Better for those that bore him, whose heads ho has bowed down with shame and sorrow to the grave. Better for hie offspring. winch he has impoverished as well as degraded. and to whom he has left nothing but a heritage of in lain y letter lor lit heart broken- wife,- whose existence he has poisoned, and rendered intolera. bio. Batter for ' himself, since he would in this life have escaped the torturoa of a, lingering death, and could render his doom, at least, not more aw. ful in the next. " Were such instances but rare and isolated plague-spots breaking out here and there upon so cietyrtuereWoutdeven theh-bc-sufacicnt to cxT cite the alarm and cnliHt the efforts of the enlight ened and benevolent, to arrest, and eradicate the fearful malady. But what should bo our feelings when we recollect that in these United States alono, thirty thousand annually fall into a drunk ard's grave ! Only suppose tha the victims of this vice which have died amongst us within the last ten years even, could be brought before us and exposed to our view at once : God of mercy, what a bloated, blackened, loathsomi pyramid of corpses ! Were the catacombs of Egypt emptied of their ghastly and putrid carcasses, the fetid ac cumulation of centuries, they could scarcely pre. sent a spectacle more hidoous and'-rcpulsive. Three hundred thourand of our fellow citizens out of a population of twelve or fifteen millions, who have poisoned themselves in ten years ! More than the whole number required during our con. flict with the mother country to repel the invader and csUiblmh our liberties ! It would be impossi. ble to receive a statement which so staggers ere dulity iUell", Were it not confirmed by statistics, the accuracy of which cannot be questioned. " It is no phantom of tho enthusiast, then no Quixotic adversary, with which we have to con tend. When War, that most afflictive and ca. Inmitons of -God'e national sruuryos,- makes bare his ruffian arm, he frequently, as the result of a single engagement, plunges a nation into tears and covers a desolate land with mourninc. And yet it ia probable that intemperance, in one year, uestroys more victims tnan nave died upon every battle field since the time of Napoleon. But war is not without its formations j its pomp and cir. cumstance;1ls flaunting banners and its inspiring, strains of music ; its nodding plumes and its ren. ding shouts of victory, to mitigate its horrors, and to reconcile ua to its barbarities. - And when the warrior falls at his post, with the flush of triumph on his brow, his sorrowing country comes to per form his funeral obsequies, to lay him in the grave of his glory, which she decorates with flowers, and waters with her tears. Poetry lends the ma gic of its numbers' and history the dignity of its pages to commemorate his achievements, and to connect his name with the future. The drunkard dies uulaurelled and unlamented. No chronicle of kind recollections and endearing associations are the waters of Maruh of unmingled bitter ness. No sound breaks in upon the dreary deso lation of his last resting place, but the aig ing of ins wina over ins neglected grave, f it emblem of the moaning of the lost spirit, that still lingers in sauness around the nuns of ! trpm.rt it had formerly inhabited ! Romanci or Real Lire. Some years ago, says t foreign journal, the captain of a corsair carried oflHhe wife ofa poor wood-cutter, residing in the neighborhood tf Messina. After detaining her for several months on board his vessel, he landed her on an island in the South Seas, wholly regard less of what might befal her. It happened that the woman was presented to the savage monarch of the island, who became enamored of her. lie made her bis wife, placed her -on the "throne, and at his dath left her ao'e sovereign of, his domin. ions. By a European" vesael, which recently touched at the Island, the poor wood-cntter ha received intelligence of his wife. She sent him presents of such vaat value, that he will probably be one of the wealthiest individuals in Sicily, un til it shall please her majesty, his. august spouse, to summon him to ber court. , The u Executive Council" of the British and Foreign Temperance Society, have issued a cir. cular addressed to drunkards, in which they state, that there are no lees than 00,000 habitual drunk, ards in this kingdom, of whom 57,000 die anno, ally, giving an average of 1 57 per day. Tbe ma. risbatcs and medical men declare that tire. fourth of the Crimea, &c., are committed by per. sons excited by liquor. Uy the exertions of tbe advocate of tempera ec, 220,000 bay been re claimed, and not only abandoned their drunken habits but ha va become attendants at the difkrent pjsce of religions worihip. London Glebe. Koscicsko nrMBicA.TdKosclusko reached the new world nearly unprovided wjth letters of recommendation or intro duction, and nearly penniless. He, how. ever, asked an audience with Washington, to whom be jiad boldly presented himself. ' What do you seek here T inquired the General with hi accustomed brevity- 1 1 corns to fight os a volunteer for Ame rican independence,' was the equally brief and fearleis reply. What ian you do V Washington next questioned. , Try me.' This wot done. Occasion soon offered, in which hs talents, science and valor were evinced ; md above all, his great character was duty appreciated. lie was speedily made au officer, and further distinguished himself. He had not long been in America, when he had occasion to show his undaunted courage as captain of a company of volun tcers. Generals Wayne and Lafayette, notwithstanding the heat of the battle in which they themselves were fully engaged, observed with satisfaction the exertions of a company which advanced beyond all the rest, and made its attack in the best of ordor. 1 Who led the first company ?' asked La. fayettc of his comrades on the evening of that memorable day. I he answer was, it was a young Pole of noble birth,. but very poor: his name if I am not mistaken, is Kosciusko.' The sound of this unusual name, which he could hardly pronounce, filled the French hero with such an eager desire for the brave stranger's acquaintance, that ho ordered his horse to be immediately saddled, and rode to tho village, about a couple of miles off, where the volunteers were quartered for the night. Who shall describe the pleasure of the one or the surprise of the othar, when the General, entering the tent, saw the captain cotered from head to foot with blood, dust and sweat, seated at a table, his head rest ing upon his hand, a map of the country spread out before him, and a pen and ink by his side. - A cordial grasp of the hand imparted to the modest hero his command. I er's satisfaction, and the object of a visit paid at so unusual an hour. foreign fjuar. terly Review. HON. T. F. MARSHALL'S ADDRESS. At a recent meeting of the Congressional Tem perance Society, Hon. Mr. Marshall, of Ky., de. liVCKd"aii"tidJresswTiich ' certainly did honor to both his head and heart. For a long time past tho report has been circulated that Mr. Mandiall was intcrcperate, and hesaya himself that he was "one of Tour sprccing gentry," and ultimately be came concerned lest his sprees should " run to. getlier," and that he joined the Total Abstinence Society in order to save himself. In the course of his rcmatks he took occasion to allude to the fact, ashe stited it, that a large majority of both Houses of Con j rets were emphatically sober men and that if ihcy would but take the pledge, the others could n it and would not withstand the force of such an example, and would have to stop drinking in self-defence. " What a figure," he asks, would half a dozen drunkards cut against the whole body of both Houses of Congress ! Vhy, sir, it would bo the weakest, meanest, poorest, most con. tcmptiblo, powerless, little faction that ever did ap. pear in Congress."" And with Mr. Marshall wc ask, why do theso jsobcrmrjnbersofqngrpss stand, out against . taking the pledge? We cannot answer for all, but for some of them we will venture the asscr. tion, that it is because they fear their popularity at home .'AIas! that it should be so. That our country ahould be so blinded to its true interest as that worthy men arc opposed by hundreds and thousand nplybecauso tTicy refuse eitlierlo" get drunk themselves or to countenance it in oth ers. Yet it is so. And perhaps nut the less un fortunate for our country, that there are too many men seeking for different offices within the gift of tbe people, who, rather than not have the office or which they seek, will sacrifice indirectly if not directly moral principles which they feci should be observed, and refuse fto pursue that course which they are compelled to acknowledge is for the public good. IV. C,Temp, Ade, . . . . BEAimrvt, crraAcr. However dark and dis. consolalo the path of life may serm to any man, there is an hour of deep.and undisturbed repose at hand when the body may sink into a dreamless slumber; Ijet not tho imagination bis startled, if tins resting place, instead of being a bed of down, sliaH W a bed 6T gravel, or the rocky bed of the tomb. No matter where the poor remains of a man may be, the repose ie-deep and undisturbed j the sorrowful bosom hcavea no more ; the tears are dried up in their fountains ; the, aching head ia at rest, and the stormy waves of earthly tribu lation roll unheeded ovsr the place of graves Let armies engage in fearful conflict over the very bottom of the dead, not one of the sleepers heed the spirit-stirring triumph, or respond to the rending shouts of victory. - How quiet those countless millions slumber in the arms of their mother earth! The voice of thunder shall not awaken them ; tho loud cry of the elements the winds the waves -nor even the giant tread of the earthquake, shall be able to eue an inquietnde in the cham ber of death. They shall rest and pass away ; the last great battle shall be fought, and then a silver voice at first heard, shall rise to a tempest, and penetrate the voiceless grave. For the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall hear His voice. RmAXDtnrtirs adialogcb. CAild.-Pa.what did Mr. Folger mean, when he said in his temper, a nee address the other day, that M moderate drink era are ripening for drunkards T" - Father. Do you not remember, my child, bow a cherry looks when it is ripening 7 Child. O yea, and now I understand it. Squire Rosacll is a moderate drinker, and he is turning red on the end of hi nose and upon bis cheek bone. Old Joe Loveflip is dead ripe ; for bis nose and his face are purple. ... ter A'ne Letter, A lata writer call the ceremony of kissing each other, a performed by tha young la dies, a 'dread, ful waslsVOf the, raw material.' Important questions for Congress - - - lu discuss and settle at once. In Folitics. Wero a Crow's nest used for a ballot box, and the eggs for ballot balls and should one of these eggs batch after being deposited, and tho bird fly away, ought the shell, or the bird, or neither to be counted in footing up the ballot In Sentiment. V hich is the most sentl. mental looking object a crow, blind in one eye, drawing mathematical diagrams in thesand, or an owl seated on anEgyptian obelisk decyphering hieroglyphics 1 "In Natural History. Will a grasshopper that has lost his tail, by accident or other, wise, sing T In Meteorology. Are the atmospheric laws which govern a tornado, the same as those which regulate a tempest in a teapot T In Natural Philosophy. Can a, ghost cast a shadow T if so, is it the ghost or its shadow that vanishes at the crowing of a cock 1 . In Ichthyology. Why is it that a porpus never turns his tail to the wind, liy what law is it that the shark compels the little pi. lot fish to move just before him, and point out his path through the ocean. Political Economy. -At Adam and Eve had used palm-leaves, instead of fig-leaves for garments, what is the amount of labor they would have saved in sowing them to. gethert ' In legislation. What is tho difference between the condition of a member of Con gress, who is wailing to make a speech, and that of one of Job's comforters, who said he was rendy to split. In Eulomology. Why does a fly, going to bed, Sleep with its tail above its head. When all these primary and fundamental questions shall have been discussed and set tied by Congress, it would be well porhaps to givo some attention to a bankrupt Trea sury, and a ruined nation. " I rmiRt not have such a noise here," angrily exclaimed the keeper of a porter house to a man who had been patronising his bar too frequently, and annoying every body around him. " Now, look a here," stammered out tbe drunken man, 'if you want to keep a quiet house, you mustn't sell liquor." The landlord was conquered. Exactly. He who sows to the wind must reap in the storm. To have no " noiso" at a place where ardent spirits were indis. criminately retailed would be a new thing in the history of that business. Neverthe. less, tho Legislatures of somefjheStatcs, nave made it lawful" for persons to retail when they " keep an orderly house" ! Our State grants license to persons of " good moral character." W. C. Temp. Adv. Mr. Clay and Mr. Calhoun. An interesting anecdote is told of the meeting of Mr. Ulay and Mr. Calhoun oAer the former retired from tho Senate, which shows that political strife, though it may for a while deaden the finer feelings of the heart, cannot destroy them, especially in those hearts that beat with generous end manly sensibilities. As Mr. Clay was pass, ing towards the door to leave the Senate Chamber, Mr. Calhoun met him they had not spoken to each other for five years; but they now simultaneously extended their hands, and rushed to eacji other's arms ; neither spoke, but both wept. At length Mr. Clay said, on parting " give my best iwgttitls-oMrsr-tnioanTIow Imocfa mure noblo was this reconciliation and part ing, than if they had separated looking de fiance at each other ! Thny had almost spent their lives together in Congrcssr-md at va. rious times stood shoulder to shoulder, ani mated by patriotism and emulous Only of serving the country Time had passed over both , and tho young had become old. One was about to retire, and both must ere long " sleep the sleep that hath no waking." The retirement of the one would leave the other with no companion or rival of his younger days, and.it tojd him emphatically that ho too must soon follows Thoughts like these soften the heart not wholly indu. rated, and cause the fountain of generous feeling lo gush forth-seat came, an tho two distinguished rivals and antagonists under the influence of theso sympathies were drawn together. Would that they had never been separated." J "You will be surprised when I tell you that Mri-Clay-drew tears from Col. Denton du. ring his farewell address, yet I believe there is no doubt of Washington correspon. dence of the Philadelphia U. S. Gazette. It is a fact deserving especial attention. that in tho year 1785, at the first session of Congress after the .Deeds of Cession were executed, an ordinance was passed for a distribution x the proceeds of the sales of the public lands among the States. " This. (says the Whig,) was a cotcmporaneous construction of those deeds, and .was an emphatic declaration that Congress held the lands in tho capacity of a trustee for tbe State. The subsequent adoption of thq Constitution did not affect the rights of the States in the least for the rights of the Suites in this particular were expressly protected by the Constitution. . Resolutions have been adopted by the Loco Foco Legislature of Maine in the Senate, 18 to 11, and in the House, 74 to 33 declaring that M the right ot petiuoo. and the corresponding right to a respectful hearing, are secured by the Constitution, and that therefore the rule of tbe House, laying all Abolition petitions on the table, is an infringement of this right, and ought to be abolished. A Wise District.- Mr Wise, tome weeks since, glorified his District on tho ground that no Dewspaper was published within its limits. This indirect attack upon tbe fraternity, provoked some member of it to look into the condition (intellectually) of this happyjregion. . .The following is the result, as we find it in the Cincinnati Chron icle: ; " ; ' . ' . " The District is composed of the coun. ties of Accomnc, Northampton, Glouces ter, Mathews, York, Warwick, James City, and Williamsburg. The population of these counties is composed thus : , Whites, 25,127 Free Blacks, 5,566 Slaves, . 22,250 Census of 1840 52,933 Census of 1830, 57,290 The District has " therefore" decreased since 1830, 4,357. The wanTof newspa. pers, then, has not added to its prosperity. There are in the District about 12,000 white persons over 20 years of age. Of these 3,445, or more than one quarter, can neither read nor write ! ! . Tho whole Stato of Connecticut, with three hundred thousand white inhabitants, (miserable land of schools, newspapers, factories and pumpkins,) has only 526 who do not read or write. That is there are just 80 times as many ignorant people in proportion, in Wise s District, as there are in Connecticut ! Virginia. Tho Treasury of the Stato of Virginia is empty. Tho Richmond Whig says : Wo Ua. ktk. J';.A. Ar ... T-mam-iou were protested this week one for 84 and another for $5000. Ronson no funds. It is notorious, that the Treasury is empty, and that the Legislature authorized a loan of $300,000 until next December, from banks or individuals. This sum was deemed necessary to pay the interest on the public debr, and defray the current expenses of the Government. Individuals, of course, would not, if they could, take a loan of such short duration. The only recource was then to the banks. Whether theso in. oan the money, we cannot say. How they can do it, in justice to tho people, who need all the fucilities the banks can supply, or in justice to themselves, we cannot pretend to explain. In this state of JierJinancea - the Rich monTWhig well asks, "is Virginia, with a protested Treasury draft of $4, in aeon, dition to refuse her quota of tho land mo. ney?" And yet Loco Focoism, led on by the Richmond Enquirer, has refused it ! A FEnERALiDEMOCRAT AND La TITITniV k . BIAN-STRICT-CONSTITUTIONALIST. The Lo- cofoco candidate for Governor has certainly " boxed the compass" of politics. His old Federalism suddenly converted into ranting Democracy, is not more apparent than tho somerset which his latitudinarian construe tion of the Constitution has cut since 1830. A correspondent of the Charlotte Jour nal shows that on the 21 Dec. 1830, Mr. Bynum introduced a preamble and resolu tions denying tho power of Congress toap. propiiato money to works of internal im provement in the States, ns a palpable vio lation of the Constitution, and-remon- strating and solemnly proTeafirig against tho exercise by Congrcs3 of any- power not clearly and expressly granted by tho Fede ral compact Mr. Henry spoke o trains t tlilo nmimlilji Ami wAnAl..nn . . CV . , 1 substitute for them ; voted for their indrfin. ite postponement ; and finally voted against its passage. : Now what says tho same Mr. Henry in February, 1842 f See page 2 of his letter of acceptance: 1 avow myself opposed to a latitude nous construction of tho Federal Cunstitn. tion. 1 think tho iedcral Government ougni never to assume a oouDttut power; and where a power may bo wanted, to relv upon tho peopblo to give it, after tho man ner provided in the Constitution itself. it om tl nna;u,o.l tl.o f .1... Federal party, which, having failed in tho Convention of-1789, to modul tfio Govern- Tnent to suit its own notions, soutrht bv tlm suuuciics oi const rucuon 10 ucnve power to it, which the pcoplo had not granted. Thus, instead of strenstheninir the admin7 istration of the Government, by attaching to it tlie confidence of the people, it weaken, cd itTy exciting tlieir distrust and opposition. through this dangerous breach have enter ed the greatest illsthat eve aniictcd lui country, and whoso bitter fruits we era now tasting. The riper experience, reflec. tion. and close observation of mv manhood. under the "numerous lights sifting discus. sioW,1and practical tests, afforded by tho age, havo brought my mind to theso conclu sionsnor can I doubt, that should the principles of liberty which sustain this GLO RIOUS UNION, ever be dangerously as. sailed, their refuge will be found within tbo ramparts of the States, where their altar fires are ever kept burning in the hearts of the people, by tho love for them, which is inspired by the daily and familiar discharge of the duties of self government It is evident from the allusion to his 'man hood, that Mr. Henry was anticipating tho production or this vote or 18 JO, and giving his- friends the cue to plead infancy, oi ia the case of his Federalism. A he . was only forty years of age in 1830, it is clear that there is no resisting such a plea. Our own opinion is, that as to politics he is an inrant ttitt.FayetterWe Obs.