North Carolina Newspapers

' , .... j, ;" ' 1 w . . HP.... , , , '" " - " 9 " ' ' " ! "t .-j - jf 'J , V.4-. .... . .u. J J) C . 1. . - - , ' 4 I vol. g-ito. 23. 4 t i i t TJ1 -f : ' . : mmmmmmmammmsmmmammmmmmmmmmmmamcammmm,mrl ft " or AUTiionrry. LA1V OF TI1E UNITED t. : .STATt.V : ':;.,. '-'AT ACT miins ApprTUtiotrt far lie Sap- '' port of lh Annjfur the year ending Hie ;- irtiU cf Junccse lbrt:snd cjb'tt hnu drcd and Eftr-fire. ! '"-tor the fint ceigLt annol icstalmenUof taoncj ia rajmcnt fur beds, ti'tUinJ i of lb treaty MJ Untb. eighteen LuaJred Und fiftjtcr, oco Landred Uiousand dol- Iar$ - " For tie expense ofturreylrg tha - t and citing airt lh auifrt proTuIt! in . le fi&b axii Je of tLe tn-aty JJv tenth, eh ilQ httndred- and Gftj-fourf tomo thcusaod . hondrrd and fcTty'stx dcllf.r? For pijment forrtiinqliuliment of certain crmiaent and other annuities and satisfaction for lott dmsS and claims per lirmtli article of the trraty of Maj tenth, eighteen hundred and fifty-fyur, iweuty-tereu thou tjicd dollarm. JfailusL-ia and Peoria, and IVea and PianilttKaK. For the expenses of survrrin the land a provided in th third td fuurth ; artie'ea of tho UtAtj of My thirtieth, ehte n hundred and flj-foar, five tbous and , three . hundred doI!rs; For payment of the first of three insttl tacnts in money of thtru tn thousarKl dollar each, for parch of former permanent an coilics and relinqnUhincnt of dainta- and damage per sixth article of Ujo treaty of May thirtieth, eighteen hundred and fifiy-fuur, thirteen thousand dollars; For the first of firb iUlmcnts for support of a blacksmith and asAHlant, per sixtii article of the treaty thirtieth May, eighteen huudred and fifty four, seven hundred and twenty do! htrs; For the first of five instalment for the pur chase of iron and steel, per sixth nrticle of the treaty of thirtieth May, eighteen hundred and flfiy-tcur, two hundred, ai'd twenty dollars; For the erection of a smith' shop, and pur chato of tools therefor, per sixth article of the treaty of thirtieth of Mai", eighteen hundred and fifty-four, one hundred nl twenty dollar. JUamia, For the excuses of surveying - the lands a provided in the second article o the treaty June fifth, eighteen hundred. and hftv-four. seven thousand fr'Jr hundred and fifty-two dollars; For interest at the rate of uve per centum on o.y uiouanl dollars lor educational pur- roe. etc per third article of the treaty of Juno fifth, eighteen hun.Jrt-d and Cfty-fuUr, two thousand ntr LunJreJ JoIIji; . - Ileappropriation: For pa vmeut cf the valua tion of unproveinent' on land ceded, n sti nutated ia the sixth article of ilia trcntv' of eighteen hundred atnl thirtr-fottf.'nnd the seventh artiJe of the treat r of e'ghteeifhundied and thirtr-eiirht, the amouut hrfrin been carried to the un!us fund by warrant num ber ninety-four of trebly fourth Sptemert eighteen hundred and htly-two, per fourth Article of the treat; June fifth, eighteen hun dred and fifiy-fuur, eight thousand dollar and iixty-eiht cents; . For the tevetttent of the Mtamies residin'r ' oa the ceded land, of the first of six equ-l annual instalments for purchase of former pfepetual and othernnnui:ilie :;nd relinqubh ment of claims, etc., per fourth article of the treity June fifth, eighteen hundred and fiiiy four, thirty-one thousand. serin hundred and thirty-nine dollars and eleven cent; For payment in full to John CJrijrg and t 6ish-quasht as provided in tlto fourth article cf said last mentioned treaty, ' nine thousand six hundred and eightj-uine dollar and twentjitwo cents; For payment of the claims of Miaraic whoN lire on the ceded lands for damages and lost of stock and other property nnd for looses of iroproreraent-setc caused by their removal from. Sugar Greek', per fourth .nrtiele of tfie treaty of Jane fifth, eighteen bundreil and fifty-four, seven thousand seven hundred and , aeventj-five dolUrs aid eighty-two cent; For p.iyment of the ex prnses incurred in . Begoti4ting tl articles of May twelfth, eigh teen hundred and fiftj-fourf with . the Men ominee Indian, supj-h rnentxl and amendatory to the treaty of October eighteenth, eighteen hundred and forty-eight, niuu hundred and fifty dollars; " ' f-, For extra clerk-hire for tho 'service of the 4 Indian office, for one year, commencing on the first f August, eighteen h nnd red nnd fifty-four, five thousand six hundred dollars; For payment of the expense of the dele pites of the Creek nation of Indians now in this city, one thousand one hundred and ninety-nine dollar and fifty-five cents: Pro vided. Thai the following appropriation:! con tained in the Indian appropriationact, pawed At the prettnt session, are hereby annulled and repealed; i i or fulfilling treaties with the Sluiwnees; per manent provision for salt, sixty dollar; black- smith and assistaat, eight hundred and forty dollar; iron and steel, two hundred and twenty dollars; For fulfilling treatie with the PUnkchaws, In permanent annuities, eight hundred dolUr; , For fulfilling treaties with the AVeaj; per taanent annuity, three thouanddollars. . ' For fulfilling trcatie Vith the Miamics; money in lieu of laborers, two hundred .and fifty dollars agricultural implements, two Hundred dollars; For falfilling treaties with tho Delaware; pennncnt annuity, fourth article, treaty cf August, acventeeq hundred and fcinety-Sve, cue thousand aoiiars; permanent annuity. third article of treaty of September, eighteen huodred and oine.Jive hdinirod dollars; per manent annuity, fifth art!c?e, treaty of Oc tober, eighteen hundred nnd eighteen, four thoiiand dollar; permanent, annuitr, article upplernentary, k c (eighteen hundred and twenty nine) one thousand dollars; permanent provmona for blacksmith, October, eighteen tired and chtn, tcven . bnadrcS and twenty dollar; permanent provisions for iron and steer for ahop, October, eighteen hun dred aud eighteen, two hundred mad twenty dollars;:. ;. ! . . '. : i For pajtoentV as iliphlafed fcjr tte article dated June Ihirteentir, eighteen hundred and fifty-four, upplernentary to tfto treaty at Fort Gibson, of Norember twenty-third, eighteen hundred and thirty-eight, to indrtiduiils cf the Creek nation, for "claims for property and improvement abandoned or . ht, . in conse quence of their emigration treat of the Mis sissippi,1 to be distributed, under the direc tion of tho chift and the agent of the Unite- State for the Creeks ia the proportion ns set forth and determined id tho thed!i!e referred to ia the second article of the" sid - treaty of rfotcmber twenty-third, eighteen hundred and tliirty-eight, appropriation of crcnteeo thon fa&d five 4iuodrc-4Uar( for imeret thereon contained to ' the Indian a) propna'tion . act, pasaed at the preeut session," be, find the satHe it leifeby repenledl ir completing the Mendota nnd Big Sioux HivVr road, in accordance with the estimates of tlie.Secretnry of War, twenty-five thousand dollars, to be expended under the direction of the' Secretary of War. - Sac. 2. And he it further matted, .That the Amount which it tnay be found necessary to pay under the act of twenty-seventh March, eighteen hundred and fifty-foirTj to tho widows und orpltnns of the United States trooj, who )crUhed by the recent disaster to the steam ship Snn Francisco, be paid out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated. Ssc. 3. -Inff fci it further enacted That the net npprortd September twehtyeight ohe thonsand eight hundred and fifty, entitled An net granting bounty land to certain officer and soldier who have been engaged in the military service of the United States" the act approved March twenty -Second, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, entitled, Aq act to make land wntraots assignable and for ether purposes," and the net approved February ,third, cue thousand 'eight hundred and' fifty-three, entitled, An act to continue half My to certain widows and orphan," Iiali not be so construct! ns to deprive any widow from the benefits therein granted for the services of her husband, though she may have married again: Provided Kotoever, That the applicant is a widow At the time of making the claim! Provided, Such party shall not receive pension during coveture. r tit'. . . .. t rrt . oec. . yina oe ii jurirer cnaciea, mat the Secretary of War be, nnd he is hereby authorized and directed to receive nnd raUse to be p'aced on tho fifes of his department, such additional muster-rolls of tho battalion of volunteer command by Lt. Col. J. C. Fre mont, in California, duly Authenticated by the proper oflirers, as have not heretofore been r-cejved id filed, and to cause, such correc tions of the n -lister rolls to be made in regard to the jHiriods of enlistment and ierm9of ser vict and the onii.?ion of names of the mem ber; of said battalion, as upon satisfactory proof, he may deem right and proper, and a far 4s practicable to correspond with the pay rolHof. Mjr I'. I. Heading, paymaster of mid battalion, with respect to the period of sence, so that all who served in the military service of the United States In California dur ing flic late war with Mexico, whether under the Command of naval or military officers, m iy Ik? entitled to all the benefit of all the actSjof Conref?, providing fur the enrolment of volunteers hi the Mexican wat: Provided, that no payment shall be made in consequence oi tins seciKn, oeyona me sum nereioiore appropriated. kc. 5. And be it further enacted. That the joint resolution entitled "A resolution ex- platiatory of the act appropriating money for the removal of' the raft of Red ftiver," ap- profed January seventh, eighteen hundred and flfiy-three, be and is hereby repealed, and that the Secretary of the Department Of War be authorized to expend the appropriation in reference io me ilea juver ran, m sucn pur pose as he may approve, having in view the improvement of the naviVntion of Red Hiver, in and around the nld raft. - Sec. 0. And be it farther enacted. That in the event that the Secretary of War shall deejn it inconsistent with the interests of the military jvrvh-c to furnish b sufficient portion of the military buildings at Fort Leavenworth fr the umj of the terntoral croveniment of Kansas, tlie sum of tweutv-five thousand dollars afiall be, and in that contingency hereby is appropriated for the erection of puHIic build ing for the Uie of lhe"Iegi;lature of the Ter ritory of K-inas, to be expended under the direction of the governor of said Territory. Sec. 7. And bt it further enacted. That tho sum ftppropriatt-t by the fAractof March third, eighteen hundred and forty-nine," for thd removal md subsistence of the Menomonee, nnd for the esublUhmeht of n manual labor sdiool, for them, and now remaining in tho-treasury, together with the sum for pay of a ruillef iierctoforo appropriated, bt paid to or expended for the benefit of said MeftO nionee Indians, according to the stipulations cf said supplementary and amendatory article. i Sec. 2. 8. And be it further enacted. That of tho appropriation of fifty thousand dollar "for continuing the topographicaf and hydrographical survey of the Delta of -the Mississippi, with snch inrcs ligations as nifly lead to determine tlie roost practicable plan for aecu ring it from inundation," approved AugUst -birty-first, one thousand eight hun dred and fifty-two, the sum of five thousand dollar may'.lie applied, under the special direction of the Secretary of War,' to the pay ment of any expenses connected with said survey and investigations, incurred prior to the first of July, one thousand eight hundred and fiftyitwo, . ... : - Sxc 3. 6.J . And be it' further enacted, That the -Secretary of War be, and he is here by, authorized aud directed to' examine into aud ascertain the amount of expenses incurred and now actually paid, by the State of Cali fornia, in the suppression of Indian bostlfitie itiwiiu inesiH) oiaie. prior to me urboioair uarr' Anno Domini eighteen hundred and ra r i .t tl when so ascertiincd, be paid into the trVttflry J of ;taid SUU: Provided, That the " sum so paid shall not exceed in amount tlie strm"' cf nine hundred and twenty-four r thousand two hundred and fifty-nine dollars and sixty-five cents; which amount is hereby appropriated out of any moneys in the treasury not other wbe appropriated, f Atpuovkd, August 6, 1854: Bards of flic Bible. : The Bible is a ! maf of i beautiful figures, jta words and its. thought are alike poetical; it has gathered around its centra) truths, all natural beauty; and interest; it is a temple with One altar and one God, but illuminated by a thousand varied ; lights, aud studded!with a thousand ornaments. It has substantially, but one declaration to mnke, bat it utters it in lbs voiced of ihe'creation.' Shining forth from lie excellent glory, it light has been reflected on A myriad of intervening1 objects, till it has become at length attempered for our earthly .vision, it now oeams upon us at once from the, heart of man, and frotlithe contenanceof nature.- It ha arrayed itself in the charm of fiction. It has gathered new beauty from the woiks of creation, and new tvarmth and new power from the very passion of clay. It has pressed into it service the animals of the forest the flowers of the field, the stars of TLl 1l .1' ' rKi ueaven, mi. me elements oi nature Jue lion spurning the sand of i the desert, the wild roe leaping over the mountains, the lamb lead in silence to the slaughter, the goat speeding to the wilderness, the rose blossom ing in Sharon, the lilly drooping in the valley, tlie apple tree bowing under its fruit, the great rock shadowiDg a weary land, the river gladdening a dry place, the moon and the morning star, Carmel by the sea, and Tabor in tue mountains, tne dew trom toe womb of tho morning, the rain upon the mown -grass, the rainbow encompassing a dark place, the light God's shadow, the thunder His voice, the wind and the earthquake His footsteps, all such varied objects are made as if natural Iy designed from their creation to represent Him to whom (he Book and all its emblems point. Thus the spirit of the book; has ran sacked creation to lay its treasures on Jeho vah's altar, united the innumerable fays of a far streaming glory on the little flill of Cal- i t ti .i I, i vary, nnu woven a pariana ior tne Dieeainir brow of Emmanuel, the flower of which have been cUlltd from the garden of a uni verse. ' "The power of the Bible over man has been long and obstinately resisted; but resisted in vain. , For ages has this artless, loosely piled little Book been exposed to the fire of the keenest investigations a fire meanwhile which has consumed contemptuously the mythology of the Iliad, the hibandrv of the Geonrics, the historical truth of Livy, the Fabels of the Shaster, the Talmud and the Koran, the artistic merit of many a popular, poem, the authority of many a work of philosophy and science. And vetythefe the Bible lies unhurt. untouched, witii not one of its pages singed, with not even" the smell of fire having passed uj-on it. Many an attempt has been made to scare away this rnsry Fular of our wanderings to prove it a mere natural product of the wilderues; but still night after night rises, like one of the sure Hhd ever shibibg stars in the vanguard of the great inarch of man, the old cohuun gliding slow, but guiding certain ly to future hmda of promise, both in the life that is, and that which cometh hereafter. While other books are planets shining with reflected radiance, luis iiook, like tue sun, m w m . shines with ancient and unborrowed rays.' Other book, after shining their little sea son. may perish in flames fiercer than those which destroyed the Alexandrian library, this must in essence remain fine as gold, but in consumable a asbestos m tue treuerai con- flagratiou." . i Arc You Cossnck or Turk f Who are the Americans for? The Rus sians or the allies?" asks the New York Cou rier and Enquirer. The Courier well observes that a great clmnge has taken place in the American mind since tho commencement of the.Russo-Turkish war. At first it was view ed as simnlv n war between Russia and Tur key a contest: between strength and weak ne!, and, sympathy for weak Turkey pervad ed the American heart. The protection which Turkey extended a few years since to Hunga-i rian r-irgees ana exiles, ana ner unaiguisea appnb:ition of the course -pursued bv Com inander Ingraham in the Kos2ta affiir, tend ed to stimulate and vitalize that pympathy, which had sprung up spontaneously in the American heart towards her on account of her ftunponed weakness. i But events have occurred to bring about a great Change. American sympathy fins been diverted from its first channel, to Russia. This is not owing to any hostile demonstrations or manifestation on the part ot turkey towards us.. Our relations: with her are as amicable as they have ever been. . Our feelings towards 1 1 I A? - I'-l her. as an individual nation, are unchanged. t n : .'ic t- . .. r 1 Jjut new ana controlling xuropean . powers, have allied themselves with heT and taken in-; to their ambitious bands the conduct of the war. These powers, England and France, Vera impelled'by . no ccneroc. lfHpules, no humane motives to espouse me cause oi tue Turk. .They were influenced by national in terests and selfish views.. More than thb, these two natiqns-rand . England more espe cially -are jealous' of our growth. .Finding TUrkey in such company, it was natural that the first glow of. American iympathy should experience -a. chill. But other things op a more specific. and definite -character hafe oc curred to render us sensitive, to the .Anglo French, alliance. .Their joint efforts to hin . ; " " ....... . . . a1 I der the acqui entrap us into slant declaration itve will not be, permitted to effect that acquis ition: the iealous espionage pursued by her tCler towards .11 ottr movements, 'ana the hiuts thrown out, since the commencement of the European i war. that the . formidable allV- now cxist,n-? S0St R "J siion of Cuba ,by : seeking. to good will, are essential for the promotion of the JripaVtlte , treaty; the con 1 whaterer is desmible ii:t)eir mora" 1, social, s j of British jonrnais, that 1 nnd political condition.' Jlence, it has been moment be turned to this continent t8 setde the balahce of poWer and to check "American ambition- these things . have ; had "mucli ef fect in troducing Hhe-j change ' of -feeling to which we allude." ; . T;.' 7 Nor are these alL The obmbardment of Greytowni the only recourse left us to Redress unaltoned outrages, elicited. in a distinct form furtlier manifestations of -English jealousy ana tnglisb hostility. Scarcely has the ttory . r r j i it i " oi vreviown aiea upon, xne ear Deiore we hear ;of the-' inhospitable treatment of our Axn oassnaorio opainrintneconnnes of F rance a nation against which' we would not wil lingly speak harshly, because we owe thatna tion much for asslstahce in ottr hour of need. Close on the heels of the French discourtesy to jur; Ambasssador, come the- intelli-jence 'l 4 h. t " " -i - .... . j. uiai vne iDgusu consul at -Honolulu has oiii ciously intermeddled in negotiations supposed to be going on 'for tlie annexation of the Ha waiian group of islands to the North Ameri can confederacy. This CohstllV cbhdtict is not only : ofiicious, but offensive offensive both to the Government of that sovereign country, and to our own. In his elaborate speech before the King, Chicfe, andi Privy Council he declares that tho treaty with Eng land, and the joint declaration . of England and France of the 28th November, 1843, settle the question, that the character of the Hawaiian Government cannot; be changed, as u treaties oi peace ana commerce ensiaved the nation making them, and as if the omt declaration of Jtngland and .trance had such marvellous efficacy as to modify the powers' cf a sovereign nation. ' ihese arguments, are alike offensive and stupid. The Consul's re marks in regard to this country are eren more offensive. He is represented as savincr to the Kingi . . "That the effect of annexation would be to make slave of the natives; that slavery is recognized by the Constitution of the United states, and that all persons of dark color are liable to be sold into slavery; that natives of tfceir color could not enjoy citizenship in the T i"n. . . i unitea oiates, ana mat no treaty provisions to that effect wouId"be recognised, by the A- rcerican people. That there is no distinction irt rank in the United States no titles of no bility aud that tho kincr and chiefs would lose their rank and position ;and - be despised on account of their color. . That the mstitu lions of the United States, were demoralizing and corrupting, and destroyed the amenities of social life. That there was no real securi ty ,to pepon and property there" We rflay also mention, in passings that a late arrival brings the; news that the .Pacific pquadroh pf England has been ordered to Honolulu, which cannot but be regarded with suspicion. . "r t.7sow these things we only recur to for the purpose of showing thatHt is the most natu ral, thing in .the world that the sympathies of Amencaps should be directed to ltussia. It is plain and palpable that the mailed hand of the alliance is beginning to point towards us. English officials are too well dnlledand dis- ciplined to act without instructions from their superiors, except in emergencies 'when instruc tions are unattainable. . But wo desire to be understood. When we speak of American sympathy in behalf of Russia, we mean the abstract sentiment we mean good wishes and a hearty God speed. Far be it from Us to advocate a hostile atti tude towards the allies. We are. at peace with all the belligerent powers, and we would scrupulously observe that relation. So long as the alliance confines itself to Europe, we have nothing to do with it Bui the moment it seeks to extend itself to this continent ami to enforce its ideas of the balance of power agairtst us, that moment would we throw away air ceremony and tell Europe to. her teeth that we will'brook no insolence an$ submit to no encroachraent-r- Washington Sentinel. PBESiDENTS MESSAGE. ! . Felloiv citizens of the Senate and of the House of Representatives: m .' -i '. ' " t . I , . . J -4 ihe rast nas oeen an eventiui year, ana will be hereafter referred to as a marked ep- ochin the history of ! the world. wbile we have been happily preserved from the calam ities of war. our domestic prosperity has not entirely uninterrupted. The "crops, in fnorttons of the country have been nearly cut off. Disease has prevailed 'to a greater ex tent than usual, and the sacrifice of human life through casualties 1 . v VUVW. ..WV.... J . J. " ' .1 . .. . -T . . . , . : t t oy sea wtthoctja parsnei. uut ine pestilence nas swept by, 'and restored salubrity invites the absent to their homes, and the return of bu siness tt Its ordinary channels. If the earth lias rewarded the labor of the husbandman less bountifully than in preceding seasons, It has left 'him with abundance" for . domestic wants and a large surplus fot exportation. In: the present, thetefore, as m the past, we find Urmjle grotthds for reverent thankfulness to' I . . S- . - . L M - A - the God of Grace and rovidencerfbf His protecting care nnd merciful dealings 1 with, us: as "a'people. ? '' -' .-''"'--; '....:;.. i r Although our altetrticra has been artested by painful interest in passing events -.yet our country feela no more than the slight vibra tions of the convulsions',-which 'have shaken Europe. : : As 'Individuals', we cannot" rebress sympainy witu numan ' Bunering, nor. regret for the causes which produce itJ As a na tion, we aire- reminded1, that whatever- inter rupts the.pea'ce, 6t checks the prosperity of any part or Vnnsienuom, lenus, more or iess, to involve 6u"f bn.rTl3e tondlUoh;6f ptates fs not unlike that 6t ipdividuals . They are mutually dependent, upon each other. Ami- Ca Die relations ueiweeus iiituj, aim jcupwai my earnest endeavor to maintain . peace and rrien'dly intercourse with all nations. - ;f fl : The "wise theory '6t ihisJvBraii..'iso early adopted -and steadily; pursued, ; of ' ayqid ing all entangling alHancesv has hitherto ex-empted-it' from many complicationsjln which W would otherwise1 have become 1 inyolved. Notwithstanding this our clearly :ofefined and well sustained course of action and our geo graphical position so 'remote from Ifurope, in creasing disposition has: been manifested, by some Of its governments to upeivise,' and,, in certain respects, to direct, our foreign poli cy. ' In rplans for( adjusting the jbalahce of pdwer ajnong themselves, they" have assumed to take us into account," and would constrain us to conform our conduct to thein views. One or another of the powers of Hirope h&s, from time to tirne undertaken to enforce "arT bitrary regulations con trary n mahy:res pects to established principles of- ilternation al law. That law, the United Statti have, in their foreign mtercourse uniformly! respected J ana ooservea, ana mey cannoi Tecguze any such interpolations therein; as the temporary 1 Interests of others may suggest -They do not auuiit) iimt tue sovereius 01 one . couiineul, or of a particular community of states, can legislate fbf all ofhefs. ;W ;; - ? - j ; t - ; Leaving the' trans-atlantia tlatloh ; lo adj ust their political system, , in the way they may thinfbest' for: their common welfi re the in dependent powers of this 'continent may well assert the right to be exempt from all annoy ing interference' on their par&i Systematic abstinence from intimate political contellbfa with distant foreign nations does n ot conflict with giving the widest , range to o ir foreign commerce. This distinction, so cles riy mark ed in history, seems to have been overlooked, or disregarded, by some leading fore ign states. Our refusal to be brought within, and sub jected to, their peculiar system, h;s, I -fear, created a jealous distrust of our co lduct, and induced, on their part, occasional a 2ts" of dis turbing effect upon our foreign rela Jons. Our present attitude and past course giv e assuran ces, which should not be questione , that our purposes'are not'aggressiVe, nor threatening to the safety imd . welfare of other latious. -Out military establishment, in ' time of peace, is adapted to main tain exterioi' def jnces, and to preserve ordet among the aborig nal tribes within the limits: jof- the Union. Our naval force is intended 'only for the protection of our. citizens abroad, and of our commerce, diffused, as it is, oVet all . the seas of the globe. . The government of the United States, being essentially pacinc m poucy, stanas pre pared to repel invasion by, the voluntary ser vice of a toatriotic People afld Provides ho ner - maoeni means oi ioreign aggression jnese considerations should allay aJl aprfebension, that we are disposed to encroach on the rights, or endanger the security of other Sfatesi Some European powers hate regarded, with di sqUieti; 'theTT ting concern, the territorial expansion of the United States. This rapid growth has resulted from the ' legitimate-exercise of sov- ere.'gn riguu, ueiougmg ajixe to aii nations, and by many liberally" fexercisei TJnder suca circumstances, ii couia narciiy i nave been expected that'those among them, which have, within a comparatively recent period, subdued and absorbed ancient Kingdoms, planted their standards oit every Continent, and now possess, or claim the control of, the islands of every -ocean as their appropriate aoraam, wouki iook witn unirienaay; senti-1 ments upon the acduisitions of this country. I 1 1 1 -I 1 . 1 -' & 1 ; I in every instance honorably obtained or would J feel themselves justified in imputing our ad vancement to a spirit ot aggressiori or to a passion for pOIitlcalpredominance. Uur foreign commerce has reacheM a mag nitude and extent nearly equal to that of the farst maratime power of the earth, land ex ceeding thAt of any other Overi this great interest, in which; not only our 'nerchants, but all claises of citizens are at least ljndirectly, concerned, it is the duty 6f the exequtive and legislative branches of the government to . .-..r i : - . -4.- exercise a careiui supervision, ana aqopt prop er measures for its protection. V Tne policy which I have had in view, ' in regarfl to ' this interest, embraces its future "as well as ; its X , ... .... a A ar present security. ' Long experience has shown tbaLjin gener al, when the principal 'powers of Europe are engaged in "war, the rights cf fietitral nations are enaangerea.v inis consiaeratiqn iea, in ' , r t - y . i -. r ': -1 -, - l the ? progress of the war of our independence to the formation of the celebrated confede'racyi oi arraeu neiuraiuy, a primary uject i j .' . .i ;v.ii.A.. ' .. . 1 1 . . a . a i wnicn was, to assert ine aocinne. mat iree ships make free 6ods, 'except In" thte case of articles contraband of wir; a doctrine 'which, irom me very commencement ,oi oub pawonai being,' has been a cherished idea of the states-I men of the country. " A t one period for anoth--1 er, every manning power lias, uy rsoi e solemn j treaty: stipulation, recognized, thatE principle: and :it might havebeen , hbpe4'i-thaf; it would come to be univefsally received and respected as a rule of international law. r But ihe refn- sal 6f bbe jtoWer jre vented; this arid irt the next "redt war ""which "ensued, that of the French revolution, it ;failed to be tespected among the belUgeMiit states of Europe. . withstanding this, the -ppnciple is generally admitted to pea sound and salute dne;rso much so, that, at the. commencement of the existlttg war in Europe, Great. Britain and Xraiice Announced their purpose 'tol observe lt ror tne present; not, nowever, as. a recog r -1 r a , i- ' i - r x , nations in the interest of neutral rights, ap peared to me to afford an occasion,! inviting ana ijusuiying, . on, me, part oi tne unitea States, a renewed effort tp make ihe doctrine in question a principle iSf international law, by means of special contention between f the several powers of Europe and - Amer ca ; ; Ac cordi ngfy, a. proposition, e'mhrcing not only the rifle; that' free ships-; make fre j goods, except contraband articles but . also the less contested ne, .that neutral jpropeiiy," pther. than contraoana, tnougrxon board I enemy's ships, shall be exempt from confiscation, r has been submitted by this government to those bTEurope nd.Ameri;j:..j .jTssia ac.promptlyin.this iuatjter, and a convention - was concluded.betwteri rthat coimtry an3 lhUuiWdiSUteSt ; )ro'tiding for the Observance of the principles ai nounced, not only astween theixfselves, buk also as between them and all other call:??, which msea jnieruauonai ngui, pui.as a mere ; con- i sideration a proposition; wh cession for the tipoe oeing. . The co-operation, j te to you,5 for fftfthorUy to uowever, oiiuese.iwo. powenui mantime i and cancel the bonds th shall enter into like i " stipulations. None of the other powers r have as yet taken final ao tl6nnthe subject.t,ll jam not aware, h6w ever; that any objection !tb the proposed slip' nlation has beeiji made; j but, on the contrary-, they are acknowledged to be essehtial to tie security of neutral commerce; and the', only apparent obstacle .to their gencf al 'adoptidn is in the possibility that It may. be encumbered by inadmissible conditidns! , ; u j V, -The king of the Two! Sicilies has expressed to our minister fat Naples hi ' readiness- to concur in ohr proposition relative to neutral rights,' and to enter into a convention on tiat subjects 'I TThe Kingfof Prussia entirely approves tt theproject of a treaty tb " the - same. ! effecti' submitted" to ;hitaj. but pjrodsejfah additional aiticle' providing for" the renunciation f of pri-' vateeriDg.' Such att article, for most obvious reasons, is- much, desjfedjy naljoils having v naval establishmentii : large;' in proportion to their fbreign'cbmmeTcef If it were adopted! as an international rule,the commerce of x& nation having 'comparatively aj j small naVal force, would be very Imttch at he mercy, of its enemy, in case of war vrith a power of decided natal superiority.; The bare state ment of the condition in which the tTniteot States would bo pkced, after having surren dered the right to resort to privateers, in the eventof a war with a belligerent of navl supremacy, will- show , that this goycrnment could never listen , to such a-. proposition. the navy of the first maritimo power rope is at least ten timed as large as in :iiU- that of tne unitea atates. , itie toreign commerco of the two countries 'is' nearly J equal, and about equally 'exposed to hostile depredations In war between that! power and: the j United States, without resort 'on ouij part to our mercantile marine, the means of our ! enemy to inflict inj urjr upon our com raerce ; would be tenfold greater than burs to retaliate.' ! We could not 'extricate ourj count rt frohi .this : unequal condition, ith isuch an!, epetny un less we at once departed from pur sprcsept peaceful "policy, andlwcanie a jreat naval power. Nor would this country be1 better situatedfin war with One of the secondary naval powers. Though the naval . disparity would be less, the greater extent," and mora exposed condition of our wide spread, com merce, would give any cfthem a like ad ran 1 taco over Us. j ine proposition tq enter into engagement to forego resort to privateers,, in case this j country should be forced- into war with a great naval power, is not entitled " to more favorable consideration than ttould be a pro- position to figteenot lo accept the services -of volunteers for Operations on land. When j the honor or the rights 'of our j country,; re t quire it to assume a nusuie amiuue, j it con I fidenHv relies upon the patriotism of ;it3cit zens, not ordinary aevotea to, cue .military I profession, to augment the army and the nkvyi so as to make them fully adequate , to -the emergency which calls them into action. TThe proposal to surrender the rigjit to employ privateers is professedly founded upon tho principle, -that private property of inoffendinV 1 .1 ,-T 1 - . ' 1 t 1 , V non-combatants, inouga enemies snouia. .no exempt from the ravages of warl.bn't the pro posed surrender goes but little way inj carry- ing out that principle, which equally : require that such private prcjpertjr. should jlno j-bo; seized or imolested by 1 nationaf sljips of wari Should the leadinVpow;ers of Europe concur in proposing, as a rule of interhatior.al law. to exempt private property, upon f tho oceati.; from i 'seizure-by public armed cruisers, as well as by; privateers, the United States will read , ily meet them upon that broad ground! L ? Since the" adjournment of Congress, tha ratifications of the treaty between the United. States and Great Britain relative to.; coast i fisheries, v and to reciprocal trade with Ji tho British -North American provinces, have been exchanged, and 'some of its anticipated ad van tages are aireaqy enioyea oy us. aituougn its full execution was to abide.: certain i acta: , of legislation not.yet fufly performed, i-. So soon as it was t ratified, Great : Britain,, opened to w ' . our commerce tne ,iree navigation, .ox tne river St. Lawyence, and. to our , fishermen ,un rnolested access to the shores and , lays, front t .1 ' i. ji . l . .r r r iia wuicn tney naa jyeeri previou3iyf cxpnacu on tne coast or nerxxorm American provinces: in return for vvhichi she asked for the I intro- duction, free of dutyJ into the pOTts of tlie unjtea oiates, oi tue nsu cauguton tue same coast by British fishermen... This, being tho compensation, stipulated jn. the treaty, j for pHfileges of the highest importance and taltte to the United States; , , which wer$ . thus voluntarily ; yielded . before it became ef-;; fctjye,-the f request seemed to 3me jto be reasbnahle ; one: ;but- it could not , bo acce I ded to, from . vtant, of authority to 8Us-1 najeur laws imposing duties on all foreign' nsij.i. m.Ltne meantime, tne ireasury Lc- pt-Tpartment issued regulation, for ascertainlnf' the 'duties rpaid or secured bv bonds on ; fish caught oh '.the' coasts ofthe Bf!tiili;ph6tict:W; and brought to ottr niarkets. by ..British sub jects, after the fishing-grounds had been made fully accessible to the Citlizehs of the iUmted States.": : I recommenkl to your .favorable ;Cbit- ich will be submit- refund the duties us. .received..- ica provinces of Canada and New Brunswick hare also . anticipated fthe full -operationsj of the treaty, py legislative arrangements, respectite ly, to admit,' free of duty, the products of the United States mentioned in , the free ;; list of the treaty; f and. an arrarigetnent: , siiflilitr to that regarding British fish, has .been made for F duties; nowicbargjeable bn the ; products 6f those provinces .enumerated in the sain,Q free list, and Jntjodnced therefrom into tho United j Slates; XPTOpotiop forrefundiVgj whicfi j will, iri my judgement, be in like raanccf ;cn- ; titled to your favorable consideration. . J , Thefe is dinefefice of bjnicn. between the jtJnited States and Great Britain,! ai to the boundary fine ofthe Territory of Washington adjoining j the iBritJsli; possessions on the PacificV which has already led tq difficulties on tne part oi xne citizens ana aocaj autnon- ties of the two governments, that provision be made for a I ! recommend ; commission to": I,- f '.! i "- - , ' : : ' ' "1 ' 4 ' j - - ' ' ' j . ' ' i i , ' ' -j :' ..'.' ' - ' ' t1' ;- ' ' . ""I " ' ;. " ; 1 . ' ' ' : I. ! i -'..'I .'-'..""-.' r : - .V.' . .. ! '-.'".-:.. I- ' : . . . ' " ''.".:''!',,'' . ' . ': ' .' !v- . ' i .. .i 1 ' . '"!. ' . j. : . ." ;!;.'::- .'-. -io;v-: .,;-; y !-r; A . ;J:- iv,: ..... ." ' ' : . ' , . ' ' '! -' ' ;" . : i :: ..---.v.- --.".':