North Carolina Newspapers

PUBLISHED WEEKLY. ; A FAMILY PAPER DEVOTED TO POLITICS, LITERATURE, AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, MINING, AND NEWS. PRICE $2 PER TEAH-In Advance. Robert p. wiRise, Editor, j tyt $ats Distinct us tyr Sillcro, but one ns tljr m. SRCFUS IIERR0,', I,W!9her- VOL. 2. CHARLOTTE, N. C, FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 10, 1854. NO. 33. 1 Jjnsinrss Curbs, &r. &. IP. WASSSiS, Attorney at Loir, Gyfcg ti LonergarCs Brick BuiUling, 2nd floor. CHARLOTTE, N. C. RAxNIvIN, PULLIAM & CO., Importers and Wholesale Dealers in FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC STAPLE AND FANCY D1T AM OfcOTOfflre, NO. 131 MEETING STREET, sent 23, '53 ly CHARLESTON, S. C. Manufacturers and Dealers in PANAMA, LEGHORN, FUR, SILK 4i WOOL HAYS, OPPOSITE OBABIJEROB HOTEL, sept 23, '53 1 y CIIA RLESTON , S. C. N. A. COHEN. MCOroLD COH1C. N. A. COHEN & COHN, I ' I Ii (RTEitS AND DEAL EKS IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC DRY GOODS, NO. 175 EAST HAY, (10-ly.) CHARLESTON, S. C. WARD V MJLKR OURM8IOE, 0OTWH WAOWm AND CO M M 188 ION MERCHANTS, NORTH ATLANTIC WHARF, CHARLESTON, S. C. OT Commission for selling Cotton Fifty cents ier Bale. Sept 23, 1853. 10-ly. RAMSEY'S ML SIC AND MUS mm i ii PIANO STORE. 1CAL INSTRUMENTS. N DHMS & CO.8 Patent Diagonal Grand PIANOS; Hallct Davis & Co.'s Patent Suspension Bridge PIANOS; t hirk-eriiisrs. T ravers' and other hest makers' Pianos, at the Factory Prices. Columbia, S. C, Sept. 23, 1893. 10-ly. rsii:tt a ROBseix, FACTORS & COMMISSION McRGHANTS, A7ji. 1 and 2 AUeuttic WLaf CHARLESTON, S. C. YW Liberal advances marie on Consignments. Peruvian Guano, Farmers' Plaster nnd Kettlewell's Mixture alwavs on hand. June 24 19 ly So umim CiO LI ATTORNEY AT LAW, "AlILL practice in Mecklenburg and the adjoining counties and prosecute Bounty Land and Pension Claims. Office in Johnston's brick building, between Kerr's Hotel and the Post Office, up stairs. March IS, 1S.'i3. 35 ly CAROLINA INN, BY JENNINGS B. KERR. Charlotte, J C January 23, 153. 28tf Mr. A. XV. WHBALABr, r t ti II rC "3 AND CLOAK MAKER. (Residence, on Main Street, 3 doors south of Sadler's Hotel,) CHARLOTTE. N. C. . I l tl... ,r ' A R C II i "res si's cm mm mn i i v. ,..... .. ... - . method and warranted to lit. Orders solicited and ! pro.rptly attended to. Sept :, 1853 s-ly. KSAlLKi: V LAMBERT, 219 K1N(; STREET, CHARLESTON, S. C, MPOSTEE8 & DF.ALF.KS in Royal Velvet, Tapes- try, Brussels, 1 tine ply, trv. Itrntls. Three nlv. Ingram and Venetian CAKPF.TIXGS; India. Bask and Spanish -MATTINGS, Rugs, Door Mats, etc. &c. OIL CLOTHS, of all widths, cut for rooms or entries. HUSH LINENS, SHIRTINGS, DAMASKS, Diapers, Long Lawns, Towels, N.ipkins, Doylias, &c. Ai: extensive assortment of Window CURTAINS. CORNICES. &c, A c xjT" Merchants will ilo well to examine our stock before purchasing elsewhere. Sept. 33, 189 3 10-1 y The American Hotel, CHARLOTTE, N. C I lit a. to announce to my friend, fiie public, ond pres ent patrons of the above Hotel, that I ha ve lcasi d the .ime for a term of year Iron the 1st mt J.inu::ry next. A : : r which time, the entire propel ty will be thorough ly repiired and rcitiv:tt. d, and the house kept in first cla stvle. Tins Hotel is aval the Depot, nnd pleasant ly situated, rendering it a desirable hou.-c for travellers and families. Dec 16, 185:1. 23i C. M. KAY. CHARLOTTE flRKUGE ;frv JIAMTACTORY. ..IV?- 33, OiipasHe the Jail. rpHE m X. publt subscriber lu-riby IB forma his friends and the lie, tliul lie iii'iiiulaeiurt s out. 01 me am n;. .it - .... .- - a . -I . a tials, and by the best of workmen, every kind of CARRIAGES So BUGGIES. And he furthermore warrants every article made by him, to be just what he represents it. 11 devotes all his time, talents and in tans to his trade and flatters himself that he can give general satUfaction to all who may call on him. J. TROTTER. November 4, 1S53. 16-lf. HAItm L SHAIEP, AUCTIONEERS and COMMISSION MERCHANTS, COLl Ml'.IA, S. C, A T 1LL attend to the sale of all kinds of Merchandise W Produce, fee Also, Real and Personal Property Or purchase and sell Slaves, (cc, on Commission. Sales Room No. ISf Richardson street, and imme diately opposite tne t nitel States Hotel. Feb 3, 1854 thos. u. makch. j. m. e. sharp. Livery and Sales Stable, BY S. II. RE A, AT the stand formerly occupied by R. Morrison, in Charlotte. Horse fed, hired and sold. Good ac commodations for Drovers. The custom of hi friends and the public generally solicited. February 17, 154. 30-y Garden Seed! Garden Seed! THRESH, genuine and warranted just received and I being constantly received at the Granite Drug Store, opposite Sadler's Hotel. 26tf PIUTCIIARD & CALDWELL. mil: - - For the Western Democrat. To ITIary . Pensively 1 strayed alone, The stars were out, 'twas even The beauties of nature were all my own, And the glorious things of Heaven ! 1 thought of the long and buried past The grave of dead silent hours, With the mould of sadness overcast With here and there bright flowers ; 1 thought of my young and boyhood years, When life had its morning dream, When the smiles of joy, though moist with tears Threw orer all their sunny gleam : Of the time when the heart all fraught with bliss, 1 sank on a Mother's breast, Ann felt on my cheek her balmy kiss As I quietly sank to rest : rill. Of the time when her laugh with the murm'ring And the voice of the morning breeze, Were like music sent the breast to fill, With cheerful, happy glees: And 1 thought ot the time when life wore on, Anil the Klysian chain was broke, And the bright winged dream of yore had fiown, And the soul in its sadness woke! The road seemed rough, and the sky with gloom And darkness overcast No kindly star was there to illume, The track of the dreary past : While thus 1 thought 1 wandered on, To a streamlet.-: verdant bank,. And seated where 'twas mossy grown, Into soft slumber sank. In that slumber came the evening dream, Of the pa.it and the present wove, Aye, of hnje by the murm'ring stream, A web inwrought with Love! That web, a spirit o'er me threw As she glided softly by " Twill vanish " she said, " with morning dew, And you awake with a sigh." Well, time hath sped, and events strange Full many a tale hath told, But the heart thut luvi s earn never change, It diners to the days of old ! That spirit now in a human guise, Comes fresh in its lovely grace, (As though descended from the skies To resume her childhood's place .') To her f'tiry " form and face divine, Unearthly beauty's given, And if on earth she may never be mine, May 1 meet her yet in Heaven! M. m m 9 m For the Democrat. Another 'Catawba Flower." Inscribed to Miss M. BY OTTO. 'Tis on fancy's swiftest winging, Flits my soul with joy to thee ; Hound thy form are always ringing Voices of sweet melody. Feeds my fancy ? 'tis on thy beauty ; Gaze my eyes ? 'tis on thy grace; Do 1 hear I 'tis thy sweet music, Stealing o'er my soul's lone waste. Philo's own 'Cmtmwk Flower,' Blooming once upon our earth, Gave its sweetness but an hour Then ripen'd for celestial birth. Still there blooms another flower, On Catawba's sunny strand Would live within a bower, Transplanted from its native land ? Would it? no! I dare not ask it, Lest it quickly die away; Would it ? no ! I will not task it, With on earth a weary stay. Grant me Heaven thy plant to nourish Through the changing scenes of time And transplanted let it flourish In that purer, better clime. Catawba Vale, N. C. Cotton Seed. It can be no longer questioned that the cotton seed, in many parts of our country, is fast degerior- . "; "ig and e hear frcquen t complaints on this su b The plants in many places are not so vigorous in growth, nor in quantity and quality, produced as formerly. We are assured that the staple of the cotton i? being seriously :iiTeeted by this degenera lion of the cotton seed. Various reasons aie as signed. One thinks it is owing to the condition of the soil or weather another thinks it is owing to the defective manner of the culture. I must change my seed, says a third,' and thus a variety of con jectures are started. Tho reason of this degeneration is made to ap- j p:.-.r woe .-ousiuer w.ai, year alter year our. I :j .!. ... r. Pi....., p.,. e.i.. . sscai laaen prom.s- , euously from the field. In the very nature of j things it must dw.ndle, and in course of time be- I come dwarfish ; and notwithstanding rl depreciates unuer im-.r cy, uiey su.. pursue me insane po- , iiey. Upon me same principle your stock ol hor ses, cattle or hogs, would degenerate and run out. We do not, therefore, wonder thai your cotton is seriously a fleeted you do nothing to improve it to give vigor or growth and constitution. There is no need to change your seed all that you have lo do is to pass through your fields and select your seed front these plants that exhibit most vigor ol growth, and produce the greatest number of bolls. Piaot those by themselves, and then cull again as before or, select a lew aexeaand pfarad it exclusively with the best seed, selected as above ; nnd in one or two years you will have superior I seed if not bitter than can be obtained anywhere l else. If von are foo bizv or negiicent to make the necessary improvements, no complaint should fall from )our lip. The famous seeds, about which so much is said, and for which such high prices are paid, have been brought up to this high state of cultivation by the means stated above, and by judicious crossing kept up for a scries of years. Try the plan indicated, and you will find a vast improvement in the quality and quantity of your co'lon. Southern Orga?i. Our Southern cotton planters, we believe, would find it to their advantage to use seed grown in dis- j lant localities, such as Georgia seed exchanged for Mississippi seed, nnd vice versa. In the cultiva tion of many other plants this has been found to work advantageously, increasing both the yield and the quality of the crop. Scientific American. A Iriendonce visiiingan unworldly philosopher, whose mind was his kingdom, expressed his sur prise at the smaliness of his apartment : Why, you have not room to swinga cat!" u My friend," was the serene unnpprcciaiive answer, "I do not want to swing a cat." A clergyman said to the boys in the gallery, " Don't make so much noise, for you will wake up your parents below." From the Concord, N. H. Patriot, (Gen. Pierce's home Organ,) Feb. 23. The Kansas-Nebraska Question Letter from Senator longlas. Sir : I am under obligations to you for your paper, which has come to hand regularly from the commencement of the session. I saw with pleasure that you took a bold stand in favor of the Nebraska bill, and spoke in favorable terms of my speech in its support, in this you did no more than what might have been reasonably expected from a sound democratic paper. The bill rests upon and pro poses to carry into effect the great fundamental principle of self-government upon which our re publican institutions are predicted. It does not propose to legislate slavery into the territories nor out of the territories. It does not propose to es tablish inslitutions for the people, nor to deprive them of the right of determining for themselves what kind ol domestic institutions they may have. It presupposes that the people of the territories are as intelligent, as wise, as patriotic, as conscientious, as their brethren and kindred whom they left be hind them ill the States, and as they were before they emigrated to the territories. By creating a territorial government, we acknowledge tha fhe people of the territory ought to be erected into a distinct political organization. By giving them territorial legislatures we acknowledge their capac ity to legislate for themselves. Now, let it be borne in mind that every abolitionist and free soiler who opposes the Nebraska bill, avows his willingness to support it provided that .slavery shall be forever prohibited therein. The objection, therefore, does not consist in a denial of the neces sity for a territorial government, nor of the capacity ol the people to govern themselves, so !ur ns while men were concerned. They are willing to allow the peoplo to legislate for themselves in relation to husband and wife, parent and child, muster and servant, and guardian and ward, so far as white persons are to bo effected ; but seem to think that it requires a higher degree of civilization and re finement to legislate for the negro race than it can reasonably be expected the people of a terri tory possess. Is this position well founded ? Does it require any greater capacity or keener sense of moral rectitude to legislate for the black man than for the white man? Not being able to appreciate (he force of this theory on the part of the abolitionists, I propose, by express terms of the Nebraska bill, to leave the people ot the Territories " perfectly free to form and regulate their domestic institutions in their own way, subject only to the constitution of the United States." The bill provides, in words as specific and une quivocal as our language affords, that the true in tent and meaning of the act is not to legislate slavery into any Territory or State. The bill, therefore, does not introduce slavery, does not re vive it, does not establish it, does not contain any clause designed to produce that result, or which by any possible construction, can have that legal effi-ct. Non-intervention by Congress with slavery in the States and Territories, is expressly declared to be the principle upon which tho bill is construe, ted. The great fundamental principle of self government which authorizes the people to regu late their own domestic concerns as recognized in the compromise measures of 1850 and affirmed by the Democratic National Convention, and re- affirmed by the Whig Convention at Baltimore, is declared in this bill to be the rule of action in the formation of Territorial governments. i ne two great poiiuca I 1? I M parties oi the country strict adherence to this are soiemuiv jiieaea to a v principle ns a final settlement of this slavery agi tation. Mow can that settlement be final unless the principle he preserved and carried into all terri torial organizations? Hut the professed friends of the measure, in the article referred o, follows the lead of his abolition confederates in this city, nnd declares that this bill opens the whole country to slavery. Why do j they not state the matter truly, and slute that it i opens the country to freedom, by leaving the people perfectly free to do as they please? Is it true, as the professed advocates of freedom would wish to nif.ko the world believe, that the people of northern latitudes are so averse to free institutions, and so much in love with slavery, that it is neces- sary to haTe Congress appointed their guardian, m order to preserve hat freedom of which they 5onst so much ? Wore not the people of New ampshirc left free to decide this question for themselves 1 Did not all the New England Slates become (en States under the operation of the nrm- ciples upon which the Nebraska bill is predicated ? If this be so, and every child knows that it is true, by what nuthoriiy are we told that a country lying between the same parallels o!' latitude which em brace all of the New England States, is to be doomed to slavery if we entrust them with the same rights, privileges and immunities which the cons'itution guarantees to the people ol New L,ng htnd ? Are the sons of New England any less capable of judging for themselves when they em igrate to Minnesota, Nebraska, or Kansas, than liiey were before fhry ever passed beyond that circle which circumscribed their vision within lhiir native valleys ! Is it wise to violate the great prin ciple of self-government which lies at the founda tion of all free institutions, by constituting our srlves the officious guardians of a people we do not know, and of a country we never saw ? May domos;ic iQSti,ulion, jn lhe same we not safely leave them to form and regulate their manner, and by virtue of the same principle, which enabled New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania to exclude slavery from their liimits, and establish free insti tutions for themselves ? But, sir, 1 fear I have already made this letter foo long. If so, my apology therefor is to be found in the great importance of the subject, and my earnest desire that no honest mind be misled with regard to the provisions of the bill, or the principles involved in it. Every intelligent man knows that it is a matter of no practical importance, so far as the question of slavery is concerned. The cry of the extension of slavery has been raised for mere parly purposes, by lhe abolition confederates and disappointed office seekers. All candid men who understand the subject admit that the laws of climate and production and of physical geography, (to use the language of one of New England's j greatest statesmen,) nave excluded slaverv Irom that country. This was admitted by Mr. Everett in his speech against the bill, but because slavery could not go there, he appealed to fhe Southern Senators not lo insist upon applying lhe provisions of the Utah bil.' to Nebraska, when they would de rive no advantages from if. The same admission aod-appeal were made by Mr. Smith, of Conn., in his speech against the bill. To-day, Mr. Badger, of North Carolina, replied to these appeals, by the distinct declaration that he and his Sou'hern friends did not expect that slavery would go there that the climate and productions were not adapted to slnve labor; but they insisted upon it as a matter of principle alone. In short, all candid and intel ligent men make the same admission, and present the question as a matter of principle, whether the peoplr shall be allowed to regulate their domestic concerns in their own way or not. In conclusion, I may be permitted to add that the democratic party, as well as the country, have a deej) interest it: this matter. Is our party to be again divided and rent asunder upon this vexed question of slavery ? Everything in the past history of the democracy of New Hampshire gives con fidence and assurance to their patriotic brethren throughout the Union, in a crisis like the present. I believe 1 know enough of the intelligence, con sistency and firmness of her people to warrant the belief that while her favorite and honored son stands, as he has stood and now stands, firmly at the helm of the ship of State, calmly facing the threatning danger, re gardless of all personal con sequences, her noble people at home will sustain themselves and him against the attack of open foes nnti the insidious assaults of pretended friends. You will do me the justice to publish this in your next number. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, Your obedient servant, S. A. DOUGLAS. Hon. Cyrus Baktox. The Celebes Islands in the Pnelile. Amcng the islands of fhe East Indian Archipela go this one, by its astonishing fertility, tho abun dance of its natural productions, and as apparently containing within its soil the richest placers of gold the world ever saw, is deserving of particular distinction. Celebes occupies the centre of the tropical zone, and lies in tho Molucca sea. Its length and breadth it is difficult to estimate, being composed of four peninsulas, with an area of about 3,578 miles. Its coast presents a great number of bays, gulfs, and capes of eccentric outline. Three deep arms of the sea penetrate it from east to west, and the four gigantic tongues of land, united at the centre by an inconsiderable mass of land, give the Island its peculinr shape. Though a mountainous Island, Celebes presents along fhe boaders of the sea wide plains covered with verdure, nnd beautiful valleys, some of which I enclose lakes more or less extensive. Nothing en- hances the grace of a landscape more than a lake, and those of Celebes are distinguished by their beauty. Magnificent basins of limpid water, raised on a smooth plateau, encircled by a rim of low hills, tufted with palm groves, or overlaid with soft sward, glittor under the sun of the east, glow like vast sheets of silver. Waterfowl of many species, some wiih crimson and purple crests, inhabit the lakes, and birds construct their nests on the floating fields of vegetation, similar to those floaling islets on Lake Chnlco, in Mexico. The scenery of the island becomes wilder as you leave the sea. It wears a more American aspect than any other j island of the Archipelago. Shallow but beautiful streams intersect the long sloping plains, springs of sweet water trickle between the rocks, which are scattered, confused with green knolls or thickets of flowering shrubs. Celebes is less populous in proportion to its ex tent than many other island of tho Archipelago. It may be true that since the accession of the Dutch to dominion over a portion of it, it has declined from its original condition. It is composed of the Alfiuas, and of nomade or commercial Malays, probably from their seat of empire in Sumatra, who have in Celebes, as in other islands, estab lished themselves on the sea border, arid driven tiie old tenants of the soil into the central vvilder- ness J'he Bucis, oriainally from the samp stock as the Malavs, are the ruling race of Celebes, and superior to nil other natives of the Archipelago in their spirit of arlventu re. They are a brave, active, haughty, vigorous race. They love justice, and are faithful to their bonds, but seldom forgive in juries. Boastful, indeed, they are, and bullies ; but these qualities are far more admirable than the humility and meekness of slaves. Tiie Alfuras, described by Hoylyn, in his "Cosmography," as a tall comely race, of brown color, much given to piracy, form perhaps the most amiable, if not the most civilized part of the population. They pos sess all the courage and few of I he vices prevail ing among the Bugis and Malays. Some of these tribes are nmony; the most singular communities in t he-world-. The ingenuity of the savage r.nd me amenity m ine civinzeu man are unueo in them. They have received the Koran, but no adjured lhe practices of their nncient faith lhe dark old idolatry once universal in the Archipela go. Stones and frees fainted red still share (heir devotions with the invisible gtd of Islam. But tlx ir chief singularity consists in the honor and distinction which a re rendered by them to women. They manifest a decided preference to female rale. In the Sulttnate of iJoni especially, the female line always takes precedence of the male on lhe demise of a sovereign. The mildness and prosperity I r -i - -I- i . i attending the reign of their Sultana Rajas had rendered fhe people of the Archipelago favorable to it. On one occasion , says Marsden, the subordinate chiefs, who flourished belter under a master (hav ing greater license to plunder) than a mistress, opposed lhe elevation of a princess to the tflrone. Civil war ensued; two armies met one the hire lings of the patrician order, the other the people armed (o assert the natural right of choosing their own rulers. The belligerents encamped on each bank of a river. The termination of the contest is remarkable in Asiatic, or, indeed, in any history. Tho nobies, the Panyorangs, the Mantris, the Surauggungs, and Hulubahtngs saw the folly of resistance ; lhe people's wishes were grantetl, and it was passed into law that their governor should be a queen, and on her accession to the throne to be a maiden, not younger than seventeen, nor older than twenty-five. This beautiful and chivalrous than twenty-five, i his homage to woman and virginity is concurred in by the bravest, most prosperous, most independent and most Caucasian races of lhe Archipelago. They have found the sex to be spirited as well us gentle rulers, more spirited than their sluvish sultans and rajahs, who often sold their rights to the European for a few gewgaws of ornament. When the English sent an embassy from Madras to Achin to solicit leave lo erect a factory, the Queen of that country peremptorily refused, say ing thai if the English filled her palaces with wedges of pore gold they should not build one small cabin of brick within her dominions, as the country might be enslaved by further encroach ments. Achin remains to this day one of the few independent States of the Archipelago. The natural wealth of Celebes is diversified and abundant. Besides all lhe valuable timbers found in tho forests of the Archipelago palms of various species, ebony, odoriferous sandal, dye-woods, areca banyan, and bamboos, often forty leet high and three in diameter, are found; with sago, as in the Moluccas, uhich is in many provinces the chief food of the people. Pepper, tho flavor of" which was formerly increased by that of ginger, which is a favorite article of consumption with the natives : wild nutmegs and cloves of a peculiar species, the almond, whence fhe true oil of Macas sar is extracted : coffee ; rice ol three species ; maize, indigo, tobacco, sugar cane; manioc, from whence tapioca is extracted; palm sugar, and cotton, ate among the productions. Bees-wax, tortoise shell, nnd rattans furnish also materials of commerce. Fruits of the richest kinds, from the guava in the wild raspberry and the grape, there are in Celebes. Its flora is magnificent, but im perfectly known ; and its ornithology, zoology ; and, in fact, all the history of nature in Celebes is still little more than a collection of fragments. But Celebes is destined to outlive California and Australia m its placers of gold. This precious metal has been lately found in larjjo flakes wiihin the sultanate of Menado. These (lakes or sheets of pure ore some prcsenling a surface of nine and ten inches square, though not more than nn eighth of an inch thick have been picked out from the fissures ot volcanic strata of rock. Here the molten gold has evidently been thrown from the bowels of the earth by plutonic action, and in ductile sheets and threads now lines the interstices of the masses of crysta I and quartz that composes the Celebrean hills. The writer speaks from occular evidence, and trusts at no late day to verify to his fellow citizens the transcendant marvels of the hitherto hidden auriferous region of Celebes. Washington Union. American Travel. celebrated Mr. Clay was a The late man of He of great resolution and considerable daring once ours told the following anecdote to a frieud Travelling, in early manhood, in a public con veyance in a southeastern State, he found himself in the company of three other persons, consisting of a young ludy and gentleman, her husband, and of an individual ran (Bed up in a cloak, whose countenance was concealed, and who appeared to be indulging m a tete-a-teto with Morpheus. Suddenly a big, brawny Kentuckian got into the coach, smoking a cigar, and frowned fiercely around, as much as to say : " I'm half horse half aligator ; the yellow flower of the forest, all brim stone but the head and ears, and that's aquafortis." In fact, he looked as savage as a meat-axe, and puffed forth huge volumes of smoke, without refer ence of the lady, who manifested certain timid symptoms of annoyance. Presently, after some whispering, the gentleman with her, in the politest accents, requested the stranger not to smoke, as if annoyed his companion. The fellow answered : " I reckon I've paid my place. I'll smoke as much as I darn please; and all hell shan't slop me no how." Wnh that he looked dangerous, and rolled his eyes round as fiercely ns a ratiie-snake. It was evident he had no objection to a quarrel, and ihat, if it occurred, it was likely to lead to a dead ly struggle. The young man who had spoken to him shrunk back and was silenf. Clay felt his gallantry aroused. He consider ed for a moment whether he should interfere, but experienced a natural reluctance to draw upon himself the brutal violence of Iih gigantic adversa ry. In that lawless country he knew his fife might be sacrificed unavenged. lie knew himself phy sically unequal to the contest, and he thought, af ter ail, it was not his business quixotically to take up another man's quarrel. Feeling pity for the insulted and disgust toward fhe insulfer, he deter mined to take no notice ; when, very quietly in deed, the cloaked figure in the corner assumed an upright position, and the mantle was suffered to fall from it without effort or excitement. The small but sinewy form of a man, plainly dressed in a tighily-buttoned frock-coat, wilh nothing re markable about his appearance, was seen, and a pair of bright gray eves sought the fierce optics j of the ferocious Kentuckian. Without a word this " lay figure " passed his hand beneath his collar at the back of his neck, and slowly and de ' liberately pulled forth a long and glittering knife from its sheath in that singular place. " Stran ger," he said, " my name is Colonel James Bowie, well known in Arkansas and Louisiana; and if you don't put that cigar out of the window in a quarter of a minute, I il put this knife through your bowels sure as death." Clay said he never forgo! in after fife the expres sion of fhe colonel's eye at that moment. The predominant impression mad;; upon him was the certainty of the threat being fulfilled ; and appar ently the same conviction impressed itself ere long upon iho offender during the two or three seconds his eyes met that of Bowie. He was the weaker, and he quailed. With a curse be tore the cigar from between his teeth, and flung it, scowling but downcast, out of the coach window. Upon this Colonel James Bowie as deliberately replaced his long knife in its excentric hiding-place, and, without saying a word to any one, or even vouchsafing a glance at any one, refolded his cloak around him, and did not utter another syllable to lhe end of the journey. New Quarterly Review for January. The English gold coin, the guinea, was so called from the fact that it was made from gold brought from the coast of Guinea, in 1G73. It was then worth 30 shillings. The Gillotine, is so named after Dr. Gillolin, who introduced the instrument info France in the year 1785. It was then substituted at Paris for the more cruel gibbet. Young America. There is something in this cognomen which, when seen or pronounced, carries with ii a sensa tion of pleasure not that Senator Douglas is be lieved to bo the man of all others more entitled to it, but for some kind of feeling which wo can not explain, h il not that we have all read of some others who have gone before lhe modern "Young America," whose history has left an im pression on the minds and hearts of tho present generation which sends out a response as soon as tiiis soubriquet is sounded in iheir ears: Senator Douglas began too late. Ho is over forty ! But here are the true original " Young Americas." Af the age of 21) Mr. Jefferson was nn influen tial member of the Legislature of Virginia. At 30 he was a member of the Virginia Convention ; at 32 a member of the Continental Congress; nnd at 33 he wrote the Declaration of Indepen dence. Alexander Ham ill on was only 20 years of ago when he was appointed a Lieut. Colonel iu the army of the Revolution, and Aid-dc-Camp lo Washington. At 9 he was a member of tho Continental Congress; at 30 he was one of tho ablest members of the Convention wbffth framed the Constitution of ihe United States; at 32 lie was Secretary of the Treasury nr.d oignnizetl that branch of the government upon so com plete and comprehensive a plan that no great change or improvement has since been niado upon t. John Jay,, at 29 years old, whs a member of tho Continental Congress, and wrote nn nddrcs to the peopo of tirent Britain, which was justly regarded us one of the mos' eloquent production of the time?. A l 32 he prepared lhe Constitution of the State of New Voile, nnd in the same year was appointed Chief Justice of tho State. Washington was 27 years of (1 (re v hen ho covered the retreat of the British troops at Brnd dock's defeat ; and tho same year wng honored by an appointment as Commander-in-Chief of the Virginia forces. Joseph Warren was 20 years of nge when hn delivered the memorable address cn the 5lh of March, which roused fhe spirit of patriotism and liberty in this section of the country; nnd at 34 he gloriously fell in the cause of freedom on Bun ker Hill. Fisher Ames, at the age of 27, had excited public attention by the ability displayed in the discussion of questions of public interest. At the nge of 30, his masterly speeches in defence of the Constitution of fhe United States had ex erted great influence, so that fhe youthful orafor of 31 was elected to Congress from lhe Suffolk Distiict over lhe Revolutionary hero, Samuel Adams. Joseph Story entered public life at the age of 26. He was elected to Congress from the Essex district when he was 29, was speaker of lhe Mas sachusetts House ol Representatives at 32, nnd lhe same year was appointed by President Madi son, a Judge of the Supreme Court of the United States. DcWitt Clinfon entered public life at 28 ; Hen ry Clay at 2G. The most youthful signer of the Declaration of Independence was Wm. Hooper, of North Carolina, whose age was but 24. Of the oilier signers, Thomas Hnywood, of South Carolina, was 30 ; Elbridge Gerry, Benjamin Rush, James Wilson, and Matlliew Thornton, were 33. Arthur Middlelon and Thomas Stone were 31. Pisciculture, en Fish Bkekimno. Wc quote the following interesting information on the Ariifi cial Breeding of Fish from the proceedings of tho New York Farmer's Club at their last meeting: " Secretary Henry Meigs, Eq. read a letter from John G. Adams, M. D. now in Paris, on .Iho subject of Pisciculture (breeding fish,) which wus the subject for discussion by the Club for the day. Air. Adams explains at length tho modeof breeding fish, now in successful operation in the Oollego of France. The pggs selected for fhe purpose of brcedingare, he says, those of the trout and salmon. They are brought in boxes. The boxes may bo tight, and if kept at a moderate temperature, may be transported an immense distance. At the Col lege, the eggsare placed in oblong enrlhern troughs, in single layers upon trays of willow works, so that the water may circulate freely around them; for the arrangement of running water, these troughs are arranged in pyramids, and a small stream of water is continually flowing into iliem. The eggs, after forty days, nre hatched, and the young fish are seen running about in one part of lhe trough, while in another part of'tt the eggs are in the dif ferent stages of incubation. The peering of the water seems to have no dilieterious effect on the process. The operation, it is believed, will be highly suc cessful. Mr. R. L. Pell, of Polham, discussed the subject of Pisciculture, to a groat extent. Among other matters he informed the Club that he had taken the spawn from the female shad, and impregnated it with the male shad, and that the eggs produced shad in great numbers. He has numerous fish ponds in which there are forty-five varieties of foreign and native fish, thousands of which come at the ringing of a bell to be fed out of his band. Sturgeons, tiino feet long, may be seen in his ponds. Mr. Pell has made arrangements to import the Ova of the French, Barbel and Carp from Europe, for his ponds, and, likewise, the spawn of the fa mous Turbot and Sole ; and is about to apply to the Legislature for a law to make it incumbent upon all persons in the State who gain a livelihood by the capture of fish, to plant impregnated spawn upon their fishing grounds. Remarks on the same subject were made by other members of the Club, all of whom were san guine of its success, and confident that il would bo of service to the community. (& Every subscriber should make it one of the rules of his life to pay his subscription punc tually, without waiting for one single dun. I have had so much eujoyment in my life wrought by newspapers, that it actua.lly costs me a pang to hear of the expenses which the editors incur to collect what is due to them. Why is it that men at a distance do not, when the money is due, put it in a letter, pay the postage and send it imme diately ? Do they think that editors were created to instruct, amuse, exhort, reprove and rebuke them for nothing ?