PRICE $2 PER TEAR In Advance.
PUBLISHED WEEKLY. .
A FAMILY PAPER DEVOTED TO POLITICS, LITERATURE, AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, MINJNG, AND NEWS.
RUFFS V. HEBRON, Publisher.
ROBERT P. WARIXG, Editor.
Ifatrs Distinct as ftje Kiliotu, hut cue 110 )t ta."
NO. 40.
VOL. 2.
CHARLOTTE, N. C, FRIDAY MORNING, APRIL 28, 1854.
a. P. UASIH,
MIcnM y f Eav,
OJict M JjontrgatCs Brick liuihling, 2nd floor.
Clt A RLOTTK, ?f. C.
RIIETT Jk KOI2MV,
' FACTORS & COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
A'as. 1 ' 1 AUamtie W'hatf,
CHARLESTON, S. (.'.
fy Librnl advnnP'-s ma 'c on ( 'onsiirnmr-tit.
U" Sjerial atl.-nt.on irivcn l the sale of Flour. Corn,
&.C , ami iVoni u r 1 in; exp. riiM.ro in the buuliirs, we
fret mImI of gtvittf Sllistaciaa
M.rr!i 17, 1854. 34-Cm
Dry Goods in Charleston, So. Ca.
IMl'OUTi.lis or DRY GOODS,
Xua. 209 and 21 1 It tag Mr. . t, ooraci of II irktt Sin t.
CHARLESTON, S. C.
I'lint iti.m Vok-n-, Ill-ink M, &c, ('iirpf-tir.ps nril
C'artaia .M iterial-s Silks and Itieh Dress Gauds, (. I.iaks.
Miiit.l:s gad Shawl. Terms Cask. One Price Onij.
March 17, 1954 M ly
RANKIN, PULLIAM & CO.,
Importers arid Wholesale Dealers in
tORF.HiN AM) DOMESTIC STAl'l.!: A M FANCY
fSO. lol KETI3C6 STKEf.T,
sept 23, 53 ly CHARLESTON, S. C.
if it "77 f. f.l I 'M'1
M iaatactar-rs and Dealers in
PAN M A, LEGHORN, 111! SILK WOOL
KA'F3,
OPPOSITE II V LK3T. X H'.TEI.,
f. 23, "53 I v CHARLESTON, S. C.
M. . COftSKX.
N. A
LEOPuLS COJtX.
COHEN & COEIT,
IMP oaTTKftS AMI T'KALKliS IN
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC DRY GOODS,
HO. 175 BAST BAY.
(lo 1 ..) (II VRLE3TON, S. C.
WARDL.IW, WALKER It BURS SIDE,
AND CO M M I s s I o N MERCHANTS,
KOaiB ATLANTIC WM&MF,
CHARLESTON, S. C.
T CowaJaejoa lot sdh.ij Cottoa Filiy ccata t-r R,!e.
S-pt '2'A. 1853. 10-1 v.
RAMSEY'S PIANO STCF.2.
MUSIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.
N UNNS A rO.'S Patent
Diagonal Grand IIAKOS;
Hal let Iais h Cn.'s Pateal
BuspcmioB Bridge PIANOS;
, bickerings, Tr a vers' and
other Lest makers' Pianos, at
ih-' Fa e tar j Prices.
( alamaia. ii. t
.-pt. 2, 1853.
10-ly
3 n
AT 1 ORNEY
AT LAW,
1 "II. I. practice iti Mecklenburg and t' e adjoining
counties and preaecate Boantj Land and Pension
Claim. OlHce in Johnston's brick building, between
Ken 's Hotel and the Post tMKce, up stairs.
March 18, ISot. S3 ly
CAROMA INN,
JENNINGS B. KERR.
B Y
Imrtoltf, J C.
J .on ir 28, l-.":i
Jtf
YIi; AiVW.
iTXX
In k
M U UafcJbl XJ 6 at - A
(Residence, or. Main Street
3 door south of Sadler's
Hotel,)
CHARLOTTE. N. C.
7.7"" Dresses cut and made b) the celebrated A. T.. C.
method, and warranted to tit. Orders solicited and
pro i ptlv attended to. Sept. 1833 8-1 y.
BAILIE & LA9BEBT,
J19 KIN.. STKUKT,
CHARLESTON, S. C,
"I MPOHTEKS & DEALERS in Royal Velvet, Tapee-
trv, BrassHa, Three plv. lag rain and Venetian
CABPET1KGS; India, Rash and Spanish .MATTINGS.
Rus. Door M.its. Sec. lr .
OIL CLO I'HS, of ali widths, cut for rooms or entries.
IKISU LINENS SHIRTINGS, DAMASKS, Dialers,
Cons Lawns. Towels, Napkins, Doylias.
An etenM assortment of Window CURTAINS,
CORNICES, fcc, c
LL" Merchants will do well to examine our stock!
tefore parchasinfj elsewhere.
Sept. S3, 1S"i3 13-1
The American Hotel,
CHARLOTTE, X. ('.
T RLG to lanoancc to my !ii n-is, lUe paURcaad pres
1 m ; iroata l" the above llotrl, that I h .re least d the
ainc lor i term of yeiirs from the lt i .1 laauj aezt.
After which time, the entire prxjwrtv a ill ur tluirotip!.
Ir repaired and n.i. v.tcd, and the honae kept ia tirst
-:a si Thu II tel is nc.ir the Depot, eaMl pleasant,
ly ail anted, reawieting it a dcauahls boaae fur tiarellera
and flaaiiSjaa.
D c 16, 1853. S2t C. M. RAY.
Baltimore Piano Forte Manufactory.
r J. WISE ft BRtrrilER.XaaaXactarcra af Boudoir
I, Grand and Bqaara PIANOS. Thoaa wishing a
Bol and substantial Piuno thjt will Ut an ape, ul a
or price, may rely on acttiof sn. h by addreaaiaf the
Manefaetarare, by mail or otherwise. We lixZ the
non r or serving and referring to the first families ia the
tate. in mm caoa im dlsappoiataneaU sadR rahle. The
Maaafactarers, also, refer to a Inst a) their fellow citi.
z' n J. J. WISE ft BROTHER,
Feh , i83f 23-fm BsltisaorO, Md.
MARCH A: SHARP,
AUCTIONEERS COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
COLCMBIS, s. C,
W' L atr',n,, to the "a,e of a11 kii'ds of Merchandise,
V Produce, fcc. Also. Keal and Personal Property.
Or purchase an,i Slaves. tc., on Commission.
SausR om-Xo. '2 I Richardson street, and imme
diately opposite the United States Hotel.
in
Feb a, iSjl
Taos. h. auacat. j.m b. aaaar.
Livery and SaIo3 Stable,
S r .
A , faraaerfy nannpigi bv
. X. v ' 1 ' r -
a -n.-noJ,ti ,.ir Drovers. T.ie custom of bu frk-naa I
-d trie pohltee aurally solicit, d.
' ' 1 ry 1 3:-y i
For the Democrat.
TO Jll MOTHER IX HEAVE.
Mother, thou art gore where angels dwell,
Thy home is far above;
Thou hast left thy children dear alone,
To join the Goaof love.
Mother, thou art gone to Sisters dear,
1 hem thou loved so true,
Tney welcomed thee to their blessed abode,
itli joy sincere and new.
Mother, thou dwell 'st in a better clime,
Thy spirit longed to go,
To lejve these scenes of sorrow and grief
This land ol sin and wo.
Mother thy sweet voice not long ago
Fell gently on our ears,
Not lor.g since thou maJ'st our hearts rejoice,
Now we weej hitter tears.
Mother, thy words ot counsel and love
No more shall cheer our path,
No more thou'lt give thy lessons of truth,
tou:;d the dear, social hearth.
Mother, thou taught our young wayward feet,
In wisdom ways to run,
Thou l as t talked to us of God and Heaven,
O: Car i at his holy fcon.
Mother, thou wert ever kind and true,
Thou atrov'st our souls to save,
It is huid to part with thee we loved,
And ive thee to the grave.
Mother, we b. ess thy w ords of truth,
Thy gei.t.e deeds of love ;
Long may I hey Rhine on memory's page,
AmJ j.ouit to thee above.
Mother, thou'st entwined thyself around
Our young and loving heart",
With a bright, beauteous, golden chain,
Not even death caa part.
Mother, we'd not call thee back to earth ;
To live alone, will be our lot,
Tl.ou lovest us now, with an angel's love ;
No, we are not forgot.
Mother, our heavenly father kind,
Doth order all things well,
Yes, he knoweth what is best for us,
Better than we can tell.
Mother, we'll make his blessed will our own,
We'll praise the God of love,
And strive with our whole souls to meet,
In thy bright home above. S. H. R.
From the North Carolina Standard.
Tlie Edltor-laChleff.
The Edth r-in-chief that is to say, the Editor,
is n man o! many acquaintances. It is a cause o!'
wonder, both to clerk and devil, how he can re- j
member them ; but upon till his visitors and they j
drop m at the rate of one n minute he bestows j
a fciud of civiliry, which is emphatic but general, j
insinuating though non-committal. If he must j
know who a man is, he says: 'Let me see how j
you do spell yeur name?" And this sort of ma
noevering is strictly necessarv. Tor consider a
yoan gentleman who had a piece of poetry in the J
paper, the year before last, comes lo the city and
calls upon ihe editor. To that young gentleman, j
the insertion ol h;s "Lines" Rras an event, an era. j
llij soul bounded within him when he saw them
in print, tic snowed itiem exulting! to his mother, j
s. nt a copy to his sweetheart, and handed them!
round on ihe "stoop" of the village store, and has I
thought better of himself ever since. To the j
ivi.ior ine printing ol those lines was ro event at !
II. He has foro-nlten them and their mithnr
Vet Ihnt young gentleman leaves the office under
Ihf full conviction thai ha is dear to the editorial
pya, nod worst mistake of nil welcome to the
editorial annctum. This is brought about bv no
hyp;criay on the Editor's par'. JJrond and rren-
eral civility does the business, and does it quickly.
Knowing everybody both helps and hinders the
Editor. It keeps him supplied w i'h facts and ideas.
but it cramps tho free expnssion of his opinions.
( an an Editor write quite freely of an author, or
ir i-t or a poli iiian, whom be cordially shook
hand a wilh yesterday, and will meet at dinner this
evening.' Human nature s human nature. That
the Editor is utterly incorruptible by money we
know, bill ho is not proof ag.iinst tho greater po
tency of friendly pity which is a pity.
The Editor looks upon all ihingrs, subjects, events
and persons in the light of material for articles.
A catastrophe which makca the town shudder, is
to him a "feature." He says l.e ''regrets to learn,"
or he is "pained to announce" but he is not: as
j an editor pained in the least; no more than an
j undertaker is pained to bury a man in the highest
! s: lo ot fashionable ar.guih. His business is with
ihe grave, and it is his business to do it gravelv.
j Thd or, anon, is '-R juiced to be able to siatei"
j rh.is had the "extreme satisfaction of ascertaining
j beyond doubt;" ::nd in such assertions his sinceri-
. ty is perfect; for l!ic pri.Je nnd joy and glory of
j the Editor's heart is to be the "first to commuoi-
c .te" to the public an important piece of intelii-
gnice. L. '. r!y he scans the rival sheets, to see
if .hey have any inkling of the matter, and how
s re he is to let his readers know, that in "our
last number we announced in advance of all our
eofemporaries !" and with what a ferocity of de
light, "all our colemporaries!" nre "authoritively
lo contradict the statements which were so osten
tatiously piraded in a morning paper
The Editor rather stumbled into his profession, (
ban chose it. No man has been brought up to !
tho business It IS taught at no school. No fa.her j
-ays, Lo ! my son shall be an Editor. Rut as the !
, . - - i
i linl- q'-i.c . t tl.n ...... .1 I I
v....r . . - mi- im-i, as uif Jew luKes
to monev- !
k nd.ng, as the game-cock takes to fighting, so the
?Z' iTh 'lnJ-,k,;.,01I.vP-"?nd paragraph.
r" " re miwi ibm ine pro i
tossion
. on - ceases to aci strongly upon him.
ull ot his occupation, and never aahamad of
lie is I
cupation, and never ashamed of
il ,
it. lie perceives I ho promise of n
afar off,
He snuffs it in ihe nir.
- "-ar" w.n
- .
He sees it in a f let
win Jow.
H.a ven
IK catches ,t in the night, and prays;
he may not forget ,t , the morning. If
He rntchi
. , , ,. . . . " """a ii we
' " ne ' I" the United
States woo.d be n "magnificent aubj-ct and so !
it won .1. If he cuts limse f with n rr.r ii ... '
jos's observations on the Beard-movement.
- , i i.
And (
V.n to hl 'v,ns !,-'c,'v ? remarkable (act. 1
Vet the Edsr, deoporale ;.s he is to tell the puWic !
something it don'; know, always Krp b .ck part 1
of his information ; and there is an under-curfent
of "highly interesting intelligence" that seldom
gets into print. Editors of the audacious species
have made their fortune by lapping this turbid,
hut fertilizing stream.
The editor has his delusions as well as the sub
ediror. He thinks he creates public opinion ;
whereas, he only reflects it. The mnn who runs
ahead of an advancing throng seems to lead it, and
does lead it, as long as he runs where they ua?ii
to go, but let him turn a corner where they do
not want to turn, and he finds hin self running
alone. No one conversant with our political his-
tory, ran be ignorant that in influencing votes,
papers are signally impotent, und particularly the
papers which are very ably conducted. Another
delusion of the editor is, to suppose that the eyes
of the country ore upon his paper. He little thinks
that the loudest thunder that ever deafened New
York, died away among the Jersey hills, and was
only henrd among the Highlands. The editor,
too, is subject to delusions with regard to his cir
culatif n. He hugs the thought, ihat if his circu
lation is small, it is select, and that he goes freely
in the Fifteenth Ward, and is read under chande
liers, and lies on centre tables; which latter, per
haps, he does occasionally.
In the olden time, when Kings were as demi
gods hedgfd about with splendor which nt once
revealed their consequence and concealed their
persons, it happened now and then, that a peasant
became I he inmate of a court, confronted majesty
lace to face; saw him eat, drink, and so forth ;
heard him talk, swear, snore, sneeze, el cetera.
Extn me used to be the astonishment of the peasant,
after he had overcome, in some degree tho awe
inspired by his august presence, to discover that
the puissant monarch of a realm, in whose hands
were the issues of hie and death, whose smile was
wealth, whose frown was ruin, whose word moved
armies, and w hose whim decided the fate of na
tions was really, nf'.er all, very much like people
in general. Not less is the amazement of the "con
stant reader," when chance makes him intimate
with a King of the modern kind; the responsible
editor of a leading newspaper.
Learned, he is not. The printing office sends
ten men to the editorial throne while the college
sends one; and there are editors in this country,
prosperous and renowned, who know grnmmar
only by instinct, who owe their spelling to the.com
positor, and have no idea on what map to look for
Kamtschaika. Nor is the editor wiser than the
average of men, no more given to reflection, nor
more likely lo be correct in opinion. If he were,
he would be in constant danger of turning that
awkward corner just referred to, and firdir.g him
self w ithout followers, fie would be ever tempted
; to tell Ins readers what they ought to be told ;
whereas, the art of editing consists solely in telling
them w hat they want to be told. Hence, there
are but two editors likely to achieve a striking
success.
One is (he man, who in his opinions, habits and
tendencies, represents a large class; and the other
is he who can utterly sink the man in the editor,
and devote his undivided attention to the studv of
the public, whose prejudices he flutters, whose de
sires he anticipates, whose opinions he echoes.
Do you blame him ! How long would you continue
your subscription to a paper which neither spared
your prejudices, nor anticipated your desires, nor
echoed your opinions. Upon the whole, theedilor
is a good fellow. He has his faulls, like other
men. But, generally speaking, he works hard
and late, does a thousand obliging things, comes
as near telling the truth as his readers will let him,
and above all, he produces what the world could
not exist without ; The Newspaper. Then, refuse
him not his favorite adjectives, which are "able,'
'genial, "public-spirited," and "whole-souled.'
Osier Willow Employment for all.
The weallh of the country will never be realized,
until its capabilities shall have been fully tested.
A few objects of prominent importance, for a long
time, often serve to satisfy and give employment
to the capital and the labor of a country, while
many othersof not less importance or availability,
remain untried, or are turned over to others. The
manufacture and trade in baskets is, in the aggre
gate, very large, giving employment to immense
numbers of females and others, not well fitted for
the hard out door labors of the farm. It is a wise
and humane policy which contrives and suggests
Ihe means of a comfortaLlc employment from
which such portions of the population may derive
a support. We think the cultivation ol ihe" Willow
might be made the means of accomplishing, to
some extent, the desirable object, if not a larger.
We saw the Osier Willow growing in "real per
fection at the Troup Hill Nursery near Macon,
Ga., so, there can be no doubt of its adoption to
our soil and climate
There are hundreds of people in our country,
who nre dragging out an existence in poverty, and
olten in idleness, just because they have not the
means nor the opportunity of engaging in some of
ihe usual occupations around them. We have
need to cast about, and turn away from the crowd
ed walks, and see if there is not something more
which can be done. The maimed, the lame, and
even the blind will find some door of entrance, if
they will seek. It is barred fo none but the lazy.
It is a well settled principle in morals, that to be
happy, we must be employed, and it ought lo be
the policy of every country, in its political econo
my, to provide as many means, and hold out hs
manv indu
population at work. Every idler is taVina s
body with a double portion of labor for his
nnn W- Ub. ... n .i
inoucement8 as possible to keep its whole
some-
sup-
Caps filled
un. so that verv i.rK- i.. i -- . i
.... v, aiivuiu -me i rrr on lliasc linos
B
either in menial or physical labor. The basket
trade would do very well for a start ; let others
wno can t do better keep on with trials in silk
raising, let gome gather up the horns nnd the bones,
ti,r., ...,;, . . i , ,
,! k.ivj gi-i iu in .Kin" comos nna
UU11V119. some to m.tKtPis soh n inn on n. nri
. n - f- 9 1 ,
those who like none of these, hunt out nm.
thing which they do like, and get to work, and
we shall SOun see the marks of prosperity upon
snan sow,n see tne marks ot prosperity upon
.he country, nnd find the jails and poor houses
much h-ss crowded. Idleness in high places and
- - :.. .l . , o r
7i(rj. is uir i-irni cursroi i lie ouu iiem rnim.
try, and its axtirpafion would do more for the
good order of the community, thin all
the laws whic
in one of V I
SMl
'hich a Georgia LppisUture could nn
o - i -i
orcc months sessions. So. '7 of thr
From the Literary Journal.
SM1THS0NI AN INSTITUTE LECTURES.
Gold Silver IWercury and Lead.
BY 1'ROFESSOR SMITH.
Washington, March 27, 1S54.
T he last lecture but one of the course on Chem
istry was delivered this evening at the Smithsont
K Institute, by Prof. J. Lawrence Smith. Subject-
" Some of the properiies of Gold, S'lver,
; Mercury and Lead, with the manner of their oc-
. currence in nature.''
Before proceeding to discuss the subject proper
of :iie leclure, Pro-. S. siaied that as there w re
many present who did not listen to the last lecture
he desired to review briefly his remarks upon Alu
minum, a metal which was destined, in his opin
ion, to effect a most decided change in the arts,
from the fact that there is a great probability ihat
it may eventually act as a substitute for silver, in
the manifold uses to which that metal is applied.
The properieiies possesed by aluminum might be
said to resemble those of silver in many respects,
the metal being white, mallenble, ductile, quite as
unalterable in its character, and resisting to a
greater extent the attacks of acids ; in addition to
these qualities, having only about one fourth the
weight of silver, its specific gravity being nearly
the same as ihat of glass.
Flora this subject he would pass fo the consid
eration of that which they had assembled to hear
treated. Gold, said he, is the most valuable of all
metals, not only on account ol its rarity, but for
its intrinsic woilh. It is found in most countries,
yet it is disseminated so sparingly, and the sepa
ration of it from tho rocks ef the river sand in
which it exists, is attended wilh so much hbor,
thai it is rendeied the most costly of all our met
als. Its value is estimated to be fifteen times
greater than that of silver. Its unchangeablenegs,
its high lustre, its beautiful cobr and great density
have stamped il as the noblest of all metals the
king of all metals.
Gold is found in two prominent conditions,
w hich may be denominated as vein gold and de
posit gold. In many of the rocks in the north
western section of our country, and particularly
in the S ntes of North Carolina Soutii Carolina
and Georgia, an appearance is presented as if, by
some covulsion of nature, ihey had been rent in
twain, and melted matter hud been projected be
tween them, acting as a cement to close the seams.
This cement is the common quartz, with which
oil are so familiar, composed of nothing more nor
less than ihe sands of the sea shore in a elate of
induration. It is in these veins that we find, of
ten, in common with other useful metals, that one
in question gold
The other form in which this metal exists, is that
familiarly known by the termplacer gold, consist
ing of particles varving from the size of a pin's
head to a lump of several ounces in weight, the
action of water upon the surface of the country
producing a separation of the quart in the veins
of ihe rock, and flowing their valuable contents to
the bosom of the rivers and valleys below. Vari
ous methods for obtaining gold in a state of purity,
have been resorted to some of which were allud
ed to by ihe lecturer but the most Sam pie method
of separating it from the sands or from the ore, is
either by washing with water, or amalgamation
with mercury. It is a most singular fact, that
notwithstanding we have been working for four or
live thousand years in bringing this valuable ar
ticle into use, if we would collect all that there is
at this moment circulating in ihe world, it would
not occupy a 9pace greater than fifteen feet square.
Could the same thing be done with the golden pro
products of California and Australia combined,
since their discovery, ihey could all be confined
in a box nine feet squire.
Of the properties of Gold : It has a well known
yellow color; the most malleable and ductilo of
all metuls, capable of being reduced to such a
state of thinness as to be transparent, and is tar
nished neither by air nor moisture, the coins of a
thousand years ago being as clean and bright as
our own of the presi nt day. It is insoluble in
sulphuric, nitric and muriatic acid, but readily
yields anj dissolves in aqua regia or solution rif
chlorine, a combination of the two last. It is dif
ficult to oxidize gold, much less to burn it, though
both can he accomplished. Gold unites, also,
wilh chlorine, iodine, bromine, sulphur, phospho
rus and arsenic. The standard gold coin of our
country is composed of about ten per cent, of cop
per and silver, '.he object of the two latter being to
increase its hardness.
Of Silver. Silver occurs in nature more abun-
dantthan Gold, but is not so much diffused, thre
hoi no bin f. iv Inr!i!oi.G : i : J .
j,, in workable quali-ies. It exists in combination
with gold and other metals, and also wilh chlorine
and sulphur, the principal rneang of separation
being those ol amalgamation with quicksilver nnd
fusion. We can throw a dollar of pure silver into
the wafer, allow it to remain exposed to the air,
bury it in the earth, subject it to the greatest heat,
or change its form, but it will not rust. Silver
may be oxydizt.d by employing acids ; it dissolves
most readily in nitric acid, forming a lunar caus
tic which is much employed in medicine for
many purposes, as well as for torniaffihe hair
and various olher substances black. Nitrate of
silver also forms an ludelibe ink, used for writing
on linen. The ink may be removed, however, by
washing the linen marked in a solution of the cyan
ido of potassium. Silver is exceedingly malleable,
and may be beaten into leaves so thin as 1,000,
000th of an inch. It unites with chlorine, bromine,
iodine, sulphur, selenium, phosphorus and arsenic.
Of Qmicksdoer or Mercury This metal oc
curs in booth America and Spain in great abun
dance, and until the discovery of California, the
market was controlled almost exclusively by the
Rothschilds, of Europe. It a ihe only metal
which exists in a fluid state, the reason being that
its point of Tusion is very low 39 deg. below zpto.
V hen solid, il may be beaten with a hamm-r, or
cut wilh a knife, in the same manner as lead
It forms two compounds, extensively used in medi
cine and the arts, corrosive sublimate and calo
mel ; the first containing just double quantity of
chlorine contained in the latter.
Of Lend. This metal is found in large quan
tities in various sections of the country, and
generally in combination with silver. Of all the
metals, it is tbe soft-gt nnd most fusible ; it is
also very msliealle and ductile, but it possesses
little tenacity. It forms onnv useful combina
tions with oxygen and the acids. It is, howev
er, under the mask of friendship, one of the
greatest'enemies to human health that surrounds
uj, entering into our systems in many different
guises, and though years miy elapse before its
ill effects brcome noticeable, yet it is almost in
variably the case, thai disease and evenjJeath is
produced by the consequence of its contact with
us. It is for this reason classed among ihe slow
poisons.
Prof. Smith illustrated his remarks in the
course of his lecture by various experiments.
which were conducted with great neatness and
j success, and a large audience gave repeated to-
kens of their appreciation of his discourse by
reneated annlause. Want of space nnd lime
compels us lo omit much that i interesting and
useful.
His next lecture, on Wednesday evening, will
be a continuation of this, on the subject of iron,
copper, meteoric iron and meteorites.
" LINNY."
Make Farming Attractive to the
Young.
In no point do farmers fail more in the educa
tion of their sons and daughters, than in neglecting
to make their rural homes attractive. With little
beauty in their dwellings, with few objects upon
the farm in which ihey have a direct personal in
terest, and taught by the conduct and language of
of those around them, that there are higher and
easier paths to wealth nnd distinction, it is little to
be wondered that so many larmets' sons Ion;; to
escape from their laborious occupations and en-
gage in comrnercil pursuits. Mr. C. L. Flint,
Sec. Mass. Board of Agricult urel, alluded to this
subject very happily in a dinner speech at the
September meeting of the Norfolk County Ag
ricultural Society. The following is an extract :
Suppose the young are taught to observe the
character of soils and their adaptation lo different
crops, the structure nnd nature of plants, the hab
its of insects injurous lo vegetation, the habits of
Ihe beautiful birds so often accused of theft, the
great striking peculiarities in the different breeds
of animals, and the means of improving them
will they not have subjects enough lo interest them
in farming? They will find means of cultivating
the finest fruits and ornamental trees, to beautify
ing the house, and give it an air of neatness and
comfort. A little taste in arrangement of trees and
plants, added to a cultivated mind, soon finds with
in itself, untold resources of living well and hap
pily. It has always seemed to me, sir, that the great
want of New England was to make farming at
tractive. And here I can only echo the beautiful
words of your orator to-day. If we would have
our children following farming as a pursuit, we
must interest them in if, Rnd fit them to pursue it
intelligently. If the mind is not engaged, the toils
of the hand are irksome and tasteless. If the
mind is interested, if every thought every passion
is aroused to improve and excel, no labor is weari
some, no exertion too severe. To make farming
attractive to the young, they should be educated
for it. And since life is short and knowledge in
finite, fhey need nof, perhaps, spend years of the
best part of their lives in such studies as are ne
cessary only to success in the law or in divinity.
The time will come, when the farmer will have
more ample facilities for educating himself and
his children. In the mean time a thousand ob
jects, if properly observed and brought to notice,
will begin the work, and that in the very points
of greatest practical importance.
But the young, it is said, are ambitious, and can
not bosatisfied with the reputation of good and suc
cessful farmers. They must go into the counting
room to make money, and be known as men of
weahh, or they must embark in the intricate studies
of the law, and through that upon the greater un
certainties of politics, and achieve distinction, nnd,
as Ihey think, honor, fthey don't always go to
gether,) in the eyes of the world. They forget the
brighter and purer reputation of conferring some
permanent benefit on their country in the improve-
ment of its agriculture. They forget that the very
men wno tan at larming are men who wonld fail
at any thing else, and that their chances of success
are equal in farming to w hat they would be in othf r
pursuits, perhaps even greater, since the field is
wider and nobler. I would rather hove the repu
tation of doing something to improve the sericul
ture of my country, than 10 have the reputation of
H.T t a - m .
ii apoieon. American Agriculturist.
The Darlcn Expedition.
The great Expedition which was sent out to
survey the Isthmus of D.irien, for the purpose of
consirucung a snip canal, has turned out to be a
disastrous failure, so far as the possibility of exe
cuting uch a work is concerned. Surveying par
lies were sent out by the American, French and
British governments, all working- in unison, but
moving on different lines. Lieut. Strain, of the
American party, who alone time was supposed to
be lost, has turned up alive, as many of thoge who
knew him well predicted ; but alas, many of his
brave companions w ill return to their native land no
more. I. is said that Lieut. Strain went out with
Col. Black's map that had been submitted to the
Navy Department, and proceeded with that map,
as a guiae, lo ihe interior. There he found that
the map, like many other maps of Railroads and
Canals, was a topographical delusion.
Where a river was laid down on the map he
found a mountain, and instead ol plains he discov
ered sierras.
And thus, this splendid scheme, about which
three great nations indulged such hopes, lor uni
ting ihe Atlantic and Pacific by a ahort cut, is dash-
ed at once to nieces. Nnthmr? nr.w m,n.;n. r.
us, men, lo shorten the distance commercially
to our Pacific possessions but a railroad, and the
sooner one is constructed, so much the better for
our country.
A Constable pursued a thief who took refuge
on a stump in a swamp, and pulled up the rail af
ter him on which he went out. The congtable
made the following rturn :
Sightable conversable non est comatable
in gwampum up stumpum ralo.
O " . L IIIDMI. iKJ I
Mr. Truman Smflh hag resigned his seat in Ihe
Senate of the Uniied Stateg from Ihe State of
onnectieiit . in i-.tn ..r. . r .i. . , ..
, v vuai irun .ne in oi tvjay
ncxr.
MI wish I were Rich."
How often we heftr tfiis expression, sometimes
uttered in ihe glad buoyancy of hope, and again
in the deepest despondency.
Th young girl, whoge parents have only a
m&tt rote income, watches the lady of wealth and
fashion, as she flaunts through ihe streets, or
moves through the ball-room, the star for a thong
and eyes lo follow, and sighs, I wish I were
rich r
The scheming boy readg of the merchant
princes of our gay metropolis with their vast pos
sessions and extensive influence. Ha hears sto
ries that to him appear very enchanting, of their
luxurious homes, where they collect all that can
gratify the most fastidious taste ; he sees how men
bow down to mammon, and he exclaims, n I wish
I were rich f
The ponniless artist, condemned to starve in
garret, thinks sadly of his lot thinks how his
bright-winged fancies have been crushed his ge
nius cramped his fairest hopes trampled into the
dust by the iron heel of poverty, and ne moans
in his desolation, " I w ish I were rich V
The poor mother, keeping her lonely vigil by
a suffering child, when there is no fire on the
hearth-stone, not even a crust on the table, and
not a farthing in the shrunl en purse, cries in
wild agony, "O! if I were only rich !"
Thus i his exclnmntinn pnsses from lip to lip,
and lo-dav we join it : tee wish we were rich .'
Do you ask what we would do, should our wish
be gratified ? We would find a use for il, even
had we gold in measures that Aladdin never
knew." We would go to that ragged boy, and
encase his ha If-frozen feet in warm shoes, and his
purple hands in thick mittens ; we would give
him a new suit," und send him awny with n
glad heart.
We sometimes meet a liitle match-gir' ; her
face is fair, and int lligence looks out from her
thoughtful, blue eyes ; but she feels Keenly tho
woe of want. We would clothe and feed her,
and then place her in some school, where her
young mind can drink in instruction aa the blos
som drinks the dew.
But ibis is not all ; we would "buy up" the
food and fuel, withheld from the starving by mer
ciless speculators ; we would sell them at a lair
price, to those able to purchase, and make thorn
a free gift to the needing and deserving, thus dif
fusing comfort through a thousand homes.
O ! we wish we were rich ! Olive Branch.
War and Cotton.
It seems now to be unequivocally understood
that war is declared between the Western Powers
and Russia, and that hard blows must soon be
interchanged. All the horrors of the past are lo
be increased by all the numerous appliances lo
war ol modern science and invention. Where the
end will be, or what it will be, nono can predict.
How the interests of this country are to be affected
remains also to be developed. Prudence on the
part ol our Government may keep us from being
embroiled, yet so expensive and complicated bth
our commercial interests, that with a due regard
to the proper and parental protection of the rights
and privileges of our citizens, it will be difficult to
keep aloof from the general melee. We need now
at the head of national affairs something more than
mere trading politicians, mere partizans who are
inadequate to maintain the ascendancy of their
own principles, much less to conduct in a states
manlike manner any complicated question wilh
foreign nations. We shall soon feel the want ol
ihose far-seeing, wide-reaching intellects which
have heretofore carried us safely and honorably
through every difficulty.
To come home to the interests of the people of
our own Slate, it seems to us that Cotton must be
still further depressed by a general war in Europe.
It already has received a serious blow, and must
suffer still more. England and France have had
an extensive trade with Russia and Turkey. The
diversion of large amc.nnts of currency from the
arts of peace to those of war, will affect ihe homo
trade of the first named countries. Altogether,
the consumption of Cotton must be seriously re
duced, and our people should be preparing for it.
Corn and other provisions may be wanted to gup
ply the belligerents; while Hemp, of all thing
else, will find a ready market at home and abroad.
This is the great staple of Russia, upon which the
shipping of this country and England have been
so mainly dependant. If not too late in the season,
our farmers of the interior cannot do better than
commence the cultivation of this article. The
stimulus that will be given to our carrying trade,
the demand for ships for foreign and domestic use,
will give demand for all that can be raised lor the
purposeg of rigging them. The timber trade too,
will be active, as Northern, and now foreign ships
cannot well be built without Southern pine platrk.
The Baltic Sea will be blockaded closely, and
n ither hemp nor timber will find its way out from
there so long as war exists. Thus something still
remaing encouraging for Southern products, though
Cotton may be depressed. Our rice, timber, naval
tores and hemp, if we will raise it, will find a
ready market, even if Cotton becomes dull.
Savannah Republican.
JoBDAit !" -The Cincinatti Commercial, of
he 14th inst., says :
A leap not legs perilous than that of 8amuel
Patch, was witnessed on Saturday, by the con
duclor and passengers of the Covington and jUx
ingfon train. A young farmer was walking across
the bridge at Demoisville, just after the train had
passer) over, when the engine was suddenly re
versed and the cars were backed at a tremendous
rate. There was no room on the side ol the bridge
to stand between the edge and the cars ; the only
alternative was to spring off into the creek run
nmg thirty or forty feel below. The young man
gave one look at the cara and instantly sprung
over the side and giruck ihe water feet foremost.
I he tram wag gtopped, but lo the surprise ef all,
the hero of the pcriloog feat came oat of the ws
tcr. shook himgelf, and walked off whittling,
Jordan is a hard road to travel I believe'
It is stated thate " fust " young gentleman heats
his shaving water every morning with the fire of
his genius.
Why is four cent gucrar like a m. ttaW ihsiast
nrrenderi ? Because it's olP!r '. .l
. . '" nwis
ing else.