Newspapers / The Charlotte Democrat (Charlotte, … / Oct. 6, 1854, edition 1 / Page 2
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waring & herron, PROPRIETORS. O.H. e.ooe door souh of Sadlei'i V.o-1 i r asm.. Terms of Subscription. f f pji'-J mtriellt, in advance ........ 7,00 Ii fitd witUm tine n:ontli - 2,50 ll a J l tte end oi ihc year 34 No subjcnpiiou w.'l be received lor a t-hortei pcricd tban iz months. Any xnmn aer.diny n five new siibscr.btrs, accompa rued by the ad.a.iec subscription, (jtlOJ w.ll receive the sixth cojy 0 k..-. .or oi.e year. Terms of Advertising. Advertisements will be inserted at 1 1 per 8fi.arc (or the firat, and 25 ceoi lor each siisse.iieiit insertion- A square con ! i thirteen hues or lets, ihis s.ze letter. reus nale dcd jction will bt made to those who adver. use by thv year. Duubte DwlTmajl advertisement w ill be charged 25 per cent. lifitMili n '.lie- usual rates. Adv. UM::neiits inserted monthly or quarterly 9 1 per sware for eacti iiisericnn. Tnb ,te r.l Kesr-ect. Religious ineetmis. and Be.jcvolcnt societies, will be ihaiged hall the AJ-.e-ii sing J raits. For a:.n J.tricine cai.d.dates for ..Ihcc S'-i in cvance. Professional and Bosun ss ;r tx-i cKdingai ii.ifi v. l be .nsenrd at 9; a year; not e -xc. e:l in a aqnare . , Letu-rs on business must be add. c.-w J to the rroj.r c- . ur?, I paid, to sjbm re attention. J rr S ...-cribers at.d others who Sm wish to send money to .i. can d. st art ail MM s. ltj mav. a .el al our nw. :i . s Opeiilug M npnii. j Jhc (ollouing f ffic'al d -spuJch has been received i froin Com. M. C Perry, commanding the United & a'es nna! forces in the East India, China, and J. .i. sens, dated. U. S. SrtAM Filir.ATE PoWHATAJf, Harbor of Hafctrtillf. UtaMftd of Jesso, Japan. May 30, 1854. I have fXTmined th ports of Simnda and lluko dadi, olsiek are to be opened to the Vessels of the United Slates, nnJ am haopy to inform the de- ar;ment that, with respect to geographical posi- tiou, convenience of ingress and egress, and com- modinnsncfs for !' lbs purposes required, if.ey cannot be Mir passed. This is one ol ISM safest and MMPl conveui'-nt laarbors 1 have ever seen for vesse's - fall elnsSCS, and it is sufficiently capacious to hold I all the ravii s ol the world. The wuihorities and people ol the two towns and their vicinities base manifested much kindness and attention. The ships have been promptly sup plied, al reasonable priors wilh wood, water, and ktieh other articies na the country could furniah. Tl.e singular abMeaioiMoess of tl.e Japanese from , commenos itseii to me patronage oi tne uomoc pirmal food has never m ide if necessary for them j racy of the Pre D-e section. Mr. P. has a hard to rea.- nid fatten nniiii'ds f - r the market, and hence th searcitf of thai aliment so accessary to people of the wsii rn nation". It is quite probable, loevr, that they will liercafter be h iter pr p r it to meet the demands ol the vessels visiting the two port". Pouhry arid fish, and, at the proper sinsons, fruit and vegetal. les, may be obtained in reasonable quantities, mid one or two ohips could alwas be provided with a sufficiency for their wan s. A: both places the officers and those of the j crews who havr bu n permitted to leave the ships go freely ahout in town and country, end on fish ing and shoo'ing excursions, visiting the shops, hn tempi s, and other places of interest, without the slightest hinde.ance or molesturion, and are everywhere treated wi ll kindness and respect, and especially by the country people. But one instance has occurred of annoyance lo any one, and this was nt Sisaodaj and on its being represented to me, dt m:.i.ded mid received nn apology from the prefict, who disavowed the acts of the edTicers who committed the otfeiice. Acc irduig lo srrangrflM m, I am to meet one or more of ilw imperial commissioners at Simoda on the. 15 h of next month (June) to settle various matu re conmcu d cilh a proper under.sl.Tnding of the Inaty J afer tins is nccomplished, I si. nil re turn to IJong Kong by the way of Obo-Sima, Lew Chew, Hud the porta ol Ninio, Fubchow, and Amoy, in Cliina. The officers ol my command have constructed several valuable charts of the harbors and coasts of Japan, and our collection of specimens ol natural history, and ot drawings j ... aketcnes, 5c, ik rapieilv increasmi; One n ihe vessels of the squad n n is now en gaged in making a recnasroisanCB of "Volcano Buy." a eonvenh nt anchorage, abfut 70 miles from litis port. Until this time I have in I 1 .id it in my power SB insti u'e in a (borough manner ihe researches and inquiries whiehlho departmenl has ordered in its mat ructions of Oefobrr i26. 1852, May 10, 153. and June II, 103, with respect to the late ol our U-ihiW couutrv m n, supposed either to have been lust al mm, or to be still alive and held in C'ipiivily in Formosa, or the islands of Japan. The million!.' s h re have furnished answers to my several inquiries upon the subject herewith neUkSt d. mid I propose to send ihe Macedonian, accou pained by the Soutbasapton, to Formosa. ih re lo prosecute every peMNbk research, and al the s. me time to examine the co:d region of that ifltnd. As evidence of the g od und rstanding subsist ing, as well at this place as at Kanagawa and fBiaaoda, I may remar( that ihe prelect, governor, mayor, and t.iher persons of rank, visited this ship by invitation last evening, and were entertained bf m at a formal supper. With great respect, I have the honor to be, 6ir, your mot obedient servant. M. C. PERRY, Cmmauder-in-ChiH" U. S. r.aval forces, East India, China, and Jupan seas. To ihe Hon. James (J. Donmx, Secretary of the Navy, Washington, D. C. Guuho, Ac. Professor B. Hullowell of Alexandria, in reply to a question submitted by the Editor of the Sen tin"!, says : "In reply to thv inquiry respecting the pronri- ': eiy oi mixing a-nes with guano previous to sow ing, I may state, ifcnl ji ja entirely opposed to chemical principles, lo mix hvc uts, or quirk Vase, with any animal manure. 1 w.ll lefts this occasion to repeat, that 1 regard the di-covery of guano, and its introduction into our country, as a great Messing, by increasing the fertility ol our jsnils, mid affording the means of improving many lands, otherwise m a state of hopess sieiihty. But we must not depend upon this, as the settled poncy ol farming, to the ueeit of our home tua nutrs. Ii is opposed lo every principle of politi es! economy, io s.nd as far as hull the circuit of nur u'.nbe .r mi a no. and neiTlpet eon:ii!v nP . m - a a ni 'i val'iabie n r - l "Ji tu mures, o! our very premises. I' d 1. 1 ur l.e ,-' u ""i; " noi uii nuiouiii 'ir r tnr -.t.a Wk... . in ney. now avnt ataruad for gnan, miht be iioed in the ensjSSry. and the larmers lie quiie ..s i tl MSppKi ri w ith feriilizmg materials, were proper arteaj adopted, which is entirely praCtieaMSa of returning ihe MllSfS SlSMStsJ and i gi MftSaj m tfer as the soil ; and how great a bene&Mftdf mill he i.e, w ho succeeds in adequately a akenmg pontic attention i ihe subject I ined ! :o do ihis m my addrest, lo the citizens of Loudon, ai Lei sburg, two years ago; but my voice was tot strong enough. Cannot the Sentinel speak Jointer, and m.ike himself effectu.-lly heard t" C3 J-wnes Holmes, oi Nashville, was killed in that cjtv on the 15ih instant in an affray with a jf. Log of North OurU!in. CHARLOTTE : FRIDAY MORNING, October 6, 1854, Report of the Market. Charlotte, October 6, 1864. CotTox. Extremes range from :o 8. Com ing in slowly. Corn. 70 to 75 cents. Wanted. M f. al. 70 to 75 cents. Market well supplied. Wheat. From 81,10 to 81,20. Floih. 86,25 to 86.50. Considerable de clip. Bacox. 9 to 10c. Meets wi h a ready sale. Apples. 75 cents per bushel by the load, and wanted. Editorial Change. R. K. Bryan, Esq., has retired from the Eli'o riel control of the Fayrtleville Carolinian, and W. J. Yaies, his former partner, has succeeded him. Mr. Bryan has presided over the Caioli- man for the past 3 yearn, where ins ability as n fls fl ,;,ic:jn cIobied ,)im to d(, ' good service. He takt s leave of his readers in a y handsome valedictory, in the last issue Mr. ' - Yates makes his (tout, and if ihe fulure conduct of the paper may be predicated from it, a career 0j usefulness to the party, and increased reptuta- Uon to ,,e s.ilOT m,iy be confidently nnlicinated. We wish him success. (fCT" VVe take pleasure in calling attention 10 the Book Bindery recently established here by A. VValdauer. We have examined specimens of his workmanship, and find it equal to any of a simi lar kind done in the country. Those who have periodicals, and other Qooks, that they may wish lo have bound in good stvle and on reasonable terms, can have it done at A. Waldiiuer's. J. T. Powell has bought out F. Paul's in terest in ihe " Pec Dee Star," and converted it into a Democra'ic paper. The introductory is a well written article, and the selections show Mr. P. to be industrious and zealous. The paper makes a very neat appeirance, is well filled, and f . I . a S T-v ; road :o travel in his efibrts to establish a Demo cratic journal in old Federal Anson and we hope the party will extend to him that encouragement which hi9 courage deserves. Success to him. Tho Crops. The New York Herald, with commendable) zeal, has succeeded in obtaining, from reliable sources, statements of the condition of the crons in different States of the Union. The result has been that Jhe prospect of a plentiful year is far more favorable lhan has been generally supposed. Indeed, we have long since ceased to place much confidencr in the reports which are circulated al most every year of a failure in the crops. The interest of the producer is calculated to induce him to misrepresent the facts in order that the J price of his Produce may be thereby proportion ately increased. Aad even if there be an honest intention to represent the truth fairly, thete is a tendency on the part of every agriculturist to de preciate his crops whenever he has been partially disappointed. But although such may be the case, and the I crops tnrougnoot the couniry may be far more plentiful than they were a first represented to be, we have reason to predict continued high price in bread stuffs. The unprecedented drought has certainly materially affected the crop, and brought it lar below an average one ; and the continuance of ihe European w ar will prevent as plentiful a pnnlriKntmn at neii-if am tho ,i" dm i - nn " UOUUI Vf I ML Ml f 1 Wl 11C J'lILM l' (I I rntt.ina .nmilrt, ;n .u. rbtJ ,i ,t, r;... ;e O ... ui i jjh, Him ..tin i (i i ii... sections of Eastern Europe The Herald announces that ihe wheat crop, in j Upper Canada, has been unprecedented, and that i the supplies for exportation io ihe United States win oe unusually large- I rom many sources too we learn that the gr.iin crop in England has been immense. L-irge tracts of country have yielded nn average of thirty bushels to the acre, and in some cases the enormous yield ui sixty bushels bus been realiz"d. II7". Sew. Notice to Editors. The Standard of. Tuesday last says, there are, j we suppose, about fifty newspapers published in ! North Carolina. Their Editors and Publishers j are requested to send, for exhibition at the next State Fair, October 17, one copy of their nasties ! of date the week preceding ( the latest copy that j can come to hand ) the time lor holding the Fair. , Addiess Executive Commiit-e N. C. Atrricul- tural Society," Rale gh. Northern Wihggery. The sectional course pursued by the oppositon lo the present Adminis tration in Massachusetts and NewYork as develop, cd by the resolutions passed at the recent Con ventions in those States, has relieved the Whio-s of l the Sntnh and the national Whigs in all qunrters j of the Union, from any sympathy with the cause j or the candidates of a political parly, who mani j b stly make their Anti-Slavery doctrines the main, j il nol the only motives, or organisation and action. , Henceforth, the Whigs of the South will look only lo Ihe principles of such Northern men as are j brought before ihe public, in the S atcs named ; ahove ; and not to the party or faction which may place them before the people. These Northern politicians must hereafter fight on their own hook i ne cannot expect assistance from those to whose interests they are hortde, and whose rights thev would evade. Alexandria Gazette, Whig. A Second Sprfng- The late storm has brought a second snr'ne up I on all the low country. The snrinn flowers and I shrubs are all b-jdding and blooming afresh, and be peach and pmr.trees, are in almost fnll bloom, j This is supposed lo arise from the shaking, racking ana stripping ol the vegetable kingdom, by the late storm. It has long been known by gardners etc., thai very close pruning late io summer, would cause shrubs and trees to flower anew, and now upon the same principle, the storm by stripping mid tearing ihem. has produced a very general blooming. VVe sincerely hope, that the frost will not allow ihe second crop fruit to ripen- Cluirleston Standard. High Prick for Standing Corn. The Sciota Gazette savs. that a Mr. Se RIM county. Ohio, sold a few days 3eo a ouantiiv of corn in the field at thirtu-Rvc laWiawis rr This is doubtless the highest nr. I i I Standing corn in Sjuthern Ohio. o- r f- i , Bishop Wainwright, of ihc Protestant Episcopal Church, died in New York las' week, after an UioMSJ of four wee- Jktk ot her Outrage. The following narrative is from a Texas p-.prr. Capt. Hoiiins ought to be sent to look into it : Five gentlemen arrived in San Antonio, Sept. 4th, who are just returning from Cnlifornia, hav ing come by the overland route from Mazitlah, on the Pacific their names and places of resi dence sre as follows : Richard M. Head, Bibb county, Georgia ; John W.Cole, Holly Springs, Mississippi; Jas. School field, Hamilton county, Tennessee ; David Spring, rorth Simth, Arkansas irtii BHnun, Arkansas. From these persons we learn the following pain- ful disci isure : In the city of Durango, Mexico, they learned in a private manner that there were some Americans in the cily prison, and they after wards got permission to visit them. They found them in a jarje stone dungeon of so filthy a de scription that it was almost impossible for visitors to remain in the entrance way but a few minutes. The Americans in confinement were three in num ber, and their nam-s and former place of resi dence were as follows : William Shirley, Broom county, New York ; William Rodgers, Stark county, Ohio; John Gaine, Dayton, Montgomery county, Ohio. These men have been in this filthy dungeon four years and three months, and during two years of this tirrie. they were chained down lo ihe "floor, in total darkness, where they could not see any person but the one who fed them their starving allowance. At ihe end of two years the huge chains around their ank les und wrists had worn tin flesh off the bone, and such was their hor rid condition, that their chai.is were removed to save their lives irnd keep them in misery the long er. The flesh is parily healed over these wounds, leaving ihe most he.irt-sjckening scars, which were all seen by the five persons whose names are mentioned above. They state that they were imprisoned on the charge of murdering ami robbing n man for his money, and they state also, that from some facts which they are in possession of, the person who committed the murder escaped. They have been frying to get a trial, but a hearing is refused them. They have written letters to ihe American Minis ter in Mexico several times, and they have rea sons to believe that he has never received :hem. Our informants learned from many respectable Spaniards in Durango, that it was impossible lo get evidence to convict them ; and the great mass of the people believe them innocent. The young est of these prisoners, John Gaines, of Dayton, Ohio, is only 17 years old. The interview which our informants had with them, was a heart-thrilling scene and on taking leave, they beggfd them in the most feeling manner to relate their ireum stances to the American people, and if possible, to send news to their friends of their condition, and send them relief. The above statement is of iho most reliable character these persons witnessed il with their own eyes, and they are persons of undoubted ve-. racily, and some of them have long been known to some of our citizens. For the sake of humanity, let there be some thing done in this matter If a citizen of the United States has any protection abroad, Iftl it he known. For what object do we have a Minister in Mexico? Our government should regird the rights of each citizen of our country, ar.d hold ihem as sacred as the rights of one of ihe Slates of our Union. Let the alarm be sounded in the ears of every American citizen that three of their brothers are confined without cause, and are famishing with hunger and dying in chains, in a dark loathsome dungeon in the city of Durangn, Mexico. Texan. The Inscriptions of Egypt The Paris cor respondent of ihe New York Courier and Enquirer says : "That a long series of Egyptian photographic impressions has been presented io the French In stitute by a young American, Mr. John Green, who has within the past year or two explored the interior of Egypt as far as the second catarac's of the Nile. The plates are remarkably interes'ing in a scientific point of view, presenting as they do numerous inscriptions and bassrelie.'s taken from the dark recess s of ancient temples, where hith erto photography has been unable to operate. But Mr. Green's ingenuity wa3 sufficient to over come all obstacles. He took their impression by the application of past board, which had been softened by soaking in water, to the sculptured surface of the stone, which, when dried io the sun. presented its exact counterpart, and thus he was enabled to reproduce by photography the inscrip tions and has reliefs faithfully incrusied in the flexible pulp. Triumphs, processions, wars, snc rifices, are all re-produced with perfect fidelity and in exnet order. It is understood that Messrs. Goupil & Co will shortly publish about sixty of Mr. G.'s view., representing the most remarkable sites, landscapes and monuments in Upper Egypt.' Compensation for the Summer's Drovght. We have no doubt thai the long continued drought will result in the uttur extermination of myriads of insects, worms, animalculre, fcc. throughout extensive sections of the Union, which have hither to proved highly detrimental lo our valuable crops. A Southern paper says that the joint worm has been annihilated in many wheat fields, having be come dried to powder before arriving at maturity and shedding their pestiferous brood for another season's ravages. This is one way that our farm ers may be compensab d for iheir short crops. If they are further taught economy in feeding what they have only to animals I hat can best digest and rnakea suitable return for their food, and in an eco nomical manner ; if il will further leach them to plant early, and have their fields deeply plowed, well pulverised and manured, so as to afford a con'inucd though partial supply of moisiure from tho atmosphere, during even the driest liaie, then they will have received ample compensation for the limited dinffnvuon of their present season's c rops. A merica n A g ricultur ist. Wonuerful Geological Discovery. A fos sil frog has been discovered in the Wabash bot tom, several feel below the surface, with half a dozen strata above him, to the formation of which. I according to well established geological principles, t I " - aV . S a a period Ol six liiousana years each may be attri buted. When tins astounding ante-Adamite fos sil was brought to light, all the live frogs gathered round it and exclaimed, " Pentateuch ! Penta teuch ! Og ! Enoch! Abimelech ! Balek ! Ame lek ! Amelek ! thus expressing their ulter disbe lief in the Mosaic history. Theologians will have to disprove ihis new fact in science before i hey can go along." Ncrre Haute Express. Telegraph to Norway and Denmark. Mr. T. P. Shaffner, the agent of the A'lantic and Newfoundland Telegraph Company of New York, has obtained a patent lor the construction of a lioe of telegraph from the coast r.f North America, via Greenland, Iceland and the Faroes, to Norway nnri Denmark. This route.it is said, dose nrrt in. !olve ,he necessity ol laying any submarine wire ,or ,nore th:in v" hundred miles in any one sec tion, and on that account will probably supersede me line projected to Hie coast oi Iceland from St. Jobus. ' Georga W. Baxter, Eq., died at his resi dence in Jautberfordton.on Sunday last, of T ver. From the Richmond Whig. The Drought, Crops, Prices, Ac. Li.NDEW, Westmosjeeand Coi'JSTY, Va.. I Seftemceb 20lh, 1854. To the Editors of the Ncic York Herald: I haversad with much satisfaction your circular letter, asking for information in regard to the drought, crops, &c. Although not specially ad dressed, 1 consider myself included in your general invitation, and shall proceed to give j oy sych in formation as 1 possess on a subject, at this time, ; vas; importance to the whole country, and al ( desifat!e the w!lo!e lru,h should and antuit be known. (ti , u inr i have been largely engaged in grain for more than thirty years ; have oeen 5 o a close observer of every circumstance effecting crops and prices during that petiod, and have read attentively nearly ail that has been published on these subjects in our own and foreign journals. My interest as a farmer is of course promoted by high prices. This, candor requires me to state, yet I trust I nm incapable of desiring to advance my own interest at the expense of the general pros perity of ihe couniry. I spent a short time this bummer at one ol the , Virgini watering places, and returned to the bower i country during the first week of this month. I During mv absence from here, 1 conversed wilh a great many intelligent genllemrn from various parts of the country, and had opportunity to ob serve, critically, tho condition of the crops in a large portion of Maryland and Virginia. The result of my observations and inquiries is, that the estimate of the crops of Virginia, contained in the lelier of Col. G. WT Monforo, is in the main cor rect. From the falls of the rrvers to the seaboard, there is much corn that is good, some that is very heavy, nnd a vast deal that will be scarcely worth gathering. The crops in the fine valleys of the Rappahannock and Potomac until wi hin 30 miles of the Chesapeake bay, may be said to be a lailure, and from that quarter, which usually exports largely, there will be little or none to spare. Above the falls of the rivers the drought was still more fata). From the county of Albemarle to the Potomac, and from the head of tide to the Alle ghany mountains, ihe crop is entirely insufficient to supply the domesticconsumption. In the valley of Virginia, one of the finest agricultural regions in ihe world, where lands sell from thirty to sixty dollars an acre, the most experienced farmers as sured me that the average product of corn would not exceed a barrel (5 bushels) to the acre, whilst many fields would produce absolutely nothing. My own observalion on the spot confirmed the cor rectness of their opinions. The same state of things exists as far as I could observe, in the neighboring counties of Washington and Frederick, Maryland. Beyond the Alleghany mountains, I have no afc. curate information, but that portion of the State is chiefly engaged in graz ng, and very little grain is there grown for market. Of the cmpg in the States West and North of Virginia, I heard much from gentlemen who had seen them, and I am satisfied that the press of the country is misleading the public, in the effort, now so general, to produce the impression that the crops of the great corn growing States approximate an average. A great error prevails in the country as regards the high price of grain. Considering the circum stances affecting prices, existing in our country and throughout the world, the present price ol grain is very low. Lei us advert to some of these circumstances. L The cost of production. However much prices of commodities may be affected from time to time by supply and demand, it cannot be doubted lhal in the long run the cost of production will regul te prices. The cost of wheat to the producer is the rent of land, the wages of labor, and the profits of capital necessary to produce it. For fifty years or more the average price of wheat in New York has been over one dollar a bushel. The wheat until ol late years was grown on new lands, re quiring no manure, and by labor' demanding less than half ihe present rate of wages. Now it is grown to a great extent on exhausted lands, re quiring a heavy outlay in guano, lime and other expensive manures. In harvest, three dollars are often demanded for a day's labor, whilst formerly one dollar was the highest price paid. So scarce ard dear is labor, that crops in the West are left to rot upon the ground, because of the impossibility of sav ing Ihem. In Virginia, and other Southern gr.iin growing States, the price of labor has, w iih in a few years, more lhan doubled. Such laborers as sold a few years ago for four or five hundred dollars, now readily command a thousand ; and such as hired for sixty dollars, are now inaemmid in the factories, and public improvements, at one hundred and fifty dollars a year. Medical bills and life insurance being also paid by the hirers. Mules that sold for fifty or sixty dollars, now bring from one hundred and ten to one hundred and filty dollars, and lands also have advanced more than 100 per cent. Is it wonderful that where all the elements of prices have more than doubled, that the price of grain should advance? I repeat, it is extremi ly low, and but for the money pressure, occasioned by over-truding and fraudulent stock speculations, wheat would be to-day $2.50 per bushel in ihe principal markets ol the United States. This general rise of prices is not specu lative or transitory, but permament and progres sive. Hume, in his essay on money, has described this subject wiih much greater clearness than is exhibited in the more elaborate articles published during the last year or I wo in the foreign periodi cals. He says, lhat at the end of the century from the discovery of the Spanish mines in South America, prices had advanced more lhan four hundred per cent., and would have advnncid still more, but for the increased demand for money, arising from ihe new impulse lo enterprise occa sioned by the influx of the precious metals. If the opening of those mines, chiefly of silver, produced such an effect upon prices, during the last Century, what may we not expect during the next from the vast treasures in gold continually pouring in from ihe mines of California and Australia? Mankind seem to forget that gold is but the measure and not ihe standard of value, and lhat it fluctuates, quite as much in price as other commodities; its value being at last regulated by the cost of produc tion. None need be surprised if the average price of wheat for ;ho next cenlury shoula exceed two dollars and fifty cent a bushels. This cause operating on prices is a permanent one, only to be checked by the failure ol the gold mines.. There are other causes afiecling prices of grain, more or less temporary, that require notice. II. The price of grain is not regulated by the quan- tity of land in tho country, or even by the quan tity in actual cultivation, but by the labor and capital that can be employed in manuring the land. nnu producing the crops. INni greater error can exist, than that it is possible naturally' to increase crops by increasing tho breadth of land town, without a corresponding increase of labor and capital. The census reveals some s'riking facts on this subject, which it is well to consider. The tendency of our population is to the cities and lowns : fearfully increasing the number of consu mers without a corresponding increase of producers. From among many others, take these examples: Ph increase of population in the Stale of New York, from .1940 to 1850. was 66ti,475, of rbefe increase the cily of New York had about 2112,837, a mb Brooklyn, Albany, Buffalo, Rochejter, Troy, ami Uika, hr.d together 132,230 ; making in the aggregate an increase in these seven ones of 335,067 being more than one-half the enure in cje sc of the State. If the enqutry were purspeu throuih all the towns and vtllragea of the oiate, c'. . ' . . -e- t Qmln it would appear, that whilst in mis greu. there is a fearful increase of mouths to be fed, the 1 ...kiLn iho nnlv nroducers have in fact hetm diminished. The incrrase of population durinff the decade, in Pennsvlvania, was 587,753, I I. I ,1 1 I f I 't.i.i . . ; j of Ibis increase the city of Philadelphia alone had J 19,622. In slaveholding Maryland Iho same slate of things to some extent prevails though bappily for the inhabitants and the welfare of the couniry al large, the general tendency of the slave holding States is lo a diffusion of the population over the rural districts. Ths increase in Mary- i land was 113,015; of which the city of Baltimore alone had 66,741. If will thus be seen that whilst the producers of lood, in some of tlio States ot less!, remain stationary, the consumers have in creased at a fearful rate. It requires ni profound knowledge of arithmetic or political economy to perceive that this state ol things most have its ef fect on prices. III. The Effect of the War in Europe. That large fleets and armies must require sup plies, is most obvious, and however guiltless they may be of shedding each other's blood, the efTecl ot the war upon prieesjs not ihe less certain. Be sides disturbing the natural course of industry in the countries that become the theatres of war, pro ducers are taken from the fields of agricultuie to the camp, and become the most wasteful consu mers; thus diminishing the supply and greatly increasing the demand for bread. IV. Short Crop. I have already spoken of ihe corn nrop. I think you are greatly mistaken in supposing the last crop of wheat to have been an average one. In what State was it a full crop? Not in Ohio, New York, Virginia, Maryland, or even in Penn sylvania, as far as I am informed. Qf the crops in ihe far West I know nothing, but always re ceive the paper estimates wilh many grains of allowance. In Virginia the crop is certainly very deficient, both in quantity and quality. When the quality of wheat is indifferent, the quantity is invariably short. The Execu tive Committee of the Agricultural Society of Maryland, after full inquiry, came to the con clusion, lhat the wheat crop of that State did not exceed half an average. The same may also be said of the crop in Virginia. I have passed through the Baltimore corn exchange several times during the summer, and examined the samples of wheat, and I have never seen them so poor. I sent wheat, the last season, to Baltimore, that weighed upwards of 63 lbs. to the bushel. I have exa mined the sales book of one of the largest com mission houses this season, and the weight of the same variety of wheat ranges from 55 to, 53 rarely making 58 pounds. An intelligent member of the firm staled to me, that he was satisfied, from the shipments made to his house, that the crop of the tide-water country was one-half short. Oi the crops of E irope you will have more hereafter, w hen necessity will reveal the trulh that policy now seeks to reveal. Long continued raiu9 be fore harvest are now followed by good or abund ant crops. The only samples of new wheat of fered in ihe London markets are reported as be ing of inferior quality. This, of itself, is a preg nant fact, which firniers can understand, if mer chants will ignore it. In conclusion, Mr. Ediior, I have but a word to say. Should the general effort of the press u lower prices for the temporary relief of the ne cessilies of the cities be successful, and large ship ments of corn and other breadstuffs be mule to foreign countries, we may yet rue our folly, when ihe pressing wants of our own countrymen shall j demand supplies, which can neither be had al home nor abroad. I am yours, very respectfully, WILLOUGBB.Y NEWTON. Gbology at Discount. The geologies., if he be fairly in earnest, is far too tired after his day's work, to trouble himself about the aristocratic air of his quarters, and besides generally manages !o put his outer man into so uncleanly a condition that a grand hotel would have scruples in taking him in. Professor Sedgwick after a hard morn ing's work, oetook himself to a village inn for a lunch of bread and cheese. When he asked what he had io pay, he was told " fourpence !" He could not avoid remarking on the 8 It! a lines of the charge. Ah, Sir," said the landlady, I should ask eightpence to any one else, but I only ask fourpence from you, for I see you have seen better days." At another, a lady stopped by the road side where he was working, made some inquiries, and gave him a shilling, because his answers were so intelligent for his station, lie met the same lady at dinner next day, to her great astonishment. A well known geologist, long Secretary to the Geological Society, wns once taken up while SI his vocation, and dragged to the Bristol Asv lurn for anescaped lunatic. On another occasion, tired, and with his pockets full of the day's treasures, he mounted a stage coach, and fell fast asleep. Waking at his journey's end, he was 'horrified to . find his pockets as empty as when he sei out. An old woman who sat beside him, leeling tne pocket full of stones, took him for a madman, who had loaded himself more effectually to secure drowning, so slyly picked out the fossils, one by one, from the drowsy philosopher, nnd tossed them on the roadside. licloit Journal. Hogs' Lard. It is stated (says the Albany Register) that one establishment in Cincinnati lasl year turned out 30 thousand hogs. To carry-on ibis immense business ihey have seven large cir cular tanks of sufficient capacity to hold fifteen thousand gallons each. They receive the entire carcass with the exception of the hams, and the whole is subjected to steam process, under a pres sure of seventy pounds to the square inch, tne effect of which operation is o reduce the whole to one consistence, and every bone lo powder. The fat is drawn off by cocks, and the residuum, a mere earthly substance, as far as made use of is taken away for manure. Besides tho hogs which reach ihe factory in entire carcasses the great mass of heads, ribs, back bones, tail pieces feet, and other trimmings of the hogs, cut up at different pork houses, arc subjected to the same process, in order to extract every particle of grease. This concern will turn out this season three millions six thousand pounds of lard, five-sixths of which is No. 1. Norhing can surpis the purity and beauty of this lard w hich is refined as well as made under steam processes. Six hundred hogs per day psss through these tanka one with another. Decline in Breadstuffs. There was ouite a panic in the New York flour market on Monday, rpVSvVh 8 1 r reTdSJr.a75cRnt - - yes - in tllnf mirLfi.l run lim a.. . .. . i than enough lo satiny their mn-r ...... . ' " i--e more Wheat also m,ve wav . i ' ,'"" neai aiso give way several rents m it,.. k..i...i f -. . . " hil uunur i xneuay i.r cneap bread is aDnarentlv i , -j i . . . i . . hand. Although unpleasant news to farmers and flour merchants it will be bailed will, no little satis-faction-by consumers, particularly the poor, who have for so many momlw been compelled to pay most exhorbuaet prices. ' y n "r at vuui-. x v.vji i i-Mpu tiueiii of ik cratic Courier, from Cincinnati, telU a -Tt"4 fellow who was found in ihe gutter drunk0' f 4 ken before the Mayor, w hen the followln,rll,d,, took place : 8 ulo DasSd," said his honor, as soon as h his eyes ou Mr. Jones, "are you lere Did you not promise me last week .l"11 J woo4d not get druun again ,f 1 Wou,u jj ft j offl" ft " am n.,t Iv'ep cool, your honor," replied I)av. brazen impudence, " keep cool and tlmf,' e? have been trying to do." m 'But you are charged with being beastly d and were lying in the gutter." rak, Drunk not guilty. Lying in the ,. guilty!" '. p,t'- What were you lying in the gutter f0r :r were not drunk 7" ' ft " You see, your honor," replied Dave, . air of a lawyer, M it was monstrous hot asl : ! hot as h 1 ; couldn't sleep drinked three of k of lemonade aad h gallon and a halfol puoV" ter hot yet - -jumped into the river felt n,j but couldn't sleep then, your honor, I can( aeatB drank another gallon of numn a 0r' pumped a gutter full laid down in it feJ'; fortabie went to sleep dreamed I was rich ding in a coach and four 'round the north aal woke up, found myself in tho watch house trt ! to keep cool; that's all." " Judicial Decision oar a Bad DiNNKt.-n late Judge Dooly, of Georgia, wr.s r markable k his w jt : At one place vthere he otiendcri eon ha was not well pleased with his enlertaitin0 ihe tavern. On the first day of ihe court t1! under the name of a pig, had beeB cooked im and laid upon ihe table. No person attacked It was brought the next day, and treated withu,! same respect ; arid it was on the table on the dir on which the court adjourned. As the ksfsjZ finished thejl dinner Judge Dooly rose frnm table, and in a solemn manner addressed llieclrit "Mr. Clerk," said he, "dismiss the hog upon In recognizances until the first day of thernxt con: He bts attended so faithfully during the pasi iff, dial I don't (junk u will be n cessary lo take in security.' Counterfeits. The Fayettevtl)Gfessrat attention to i lie facl lhat many counterfeit lit bills on ihe Bank of Cape Fear, herelofore tin ctibed, are now in circulation. The tfonstptMi well executed ; the bills made payable at Suliahun Fnyetteviile, or Wilmington. The New heme A'lantic speaks of a Isssmmj counferfe-l on iho Bank of the State, p:;n L. S. Webb, at Windsor, and dated June fp Il was a $50 ball, new plate, teller A, anil ,, detected at the Branch Bmk in Newbein, m, so well executed that none but ihe best judn could ever discover that it was not a genuine n,,;. Hammer f.i Drkssing Millstomki. -it improved hammer has recently been paleutid j France lo protect iniilstone dressers from thru jurious eff ct of the silicons dust which m t w the mouth and lungs, causing so much dates lo the ordinrry hammer is attached n stnuN i servoir of brass or linplate; il has a bets trirou; it exactly like that in ihe iron one, into ivhich a handle is marie to fil. An orifice is made ino aide of it for the introduction of water, whirti. closed by a screw-tap ni one end there is ib capillary hole through which water cm be furrr by Iho shock e.f ihe blow wh the hamiinr. k through it air cannot pass, ihe effect ol fHaSn is Hi form apusle of the ailn ou dust which pMM rt from flvinj about. It is said to work with i- tnirable success. Scientific Ametv an. A young man, Charles Bo nr. sen I, MJWStrN the son oi a Fiem-h offic r, and foinpMlv in i army in Africa, but relieved from his miliury du on account ol Ihe scientific cleverness he lij'l.u has been miking experiments in the el. cr transmission of ihe voice. He entertains the i. from the success which has attended his ui'. trials, thai people may talk by telegraph, ami present writing or printing telegr.iph bedper with. In a word a conversation may be he'd tween our- person in Paris and another in V and so forth, lie is engaged in exptrtssrsti verify his theory. A. Ladv ClftL on a Miuitmiimi St'amtt- The Si- Louis R'pnUican mentions that tr.rr one feature about the steamer Illinois n peculiar attractiveness a ldy ce rk ; ' li at her bills of lading, and 'Mary J. I'm- ' clerk,' will be seen traced in a delicate 1 neat style ol ehirography. The insursacH panics, under such an nrraeg mewt, will b"' : comedown a fraction on there riks. AlseyaM on a western steamer ? It speaks strongly mortal progress." Deep Ploughing. The va'uoof deep pil ing has been illustrated this year to an exT" nary degree. The land thus ploughed' H-siiii droujrht with great effect, and the farm of f sor Mapesvin New Jersey, is given as an inw-; Not s single plant seemed to have Mjfft ret want of moisture. This prolific farm, '.fo under its fruits whilst ull th neighboring'"1 have bad their crops parch- d in the fields, ns a striking proof ol ihe value of suh-se. ing in a dry season. An American in the Turkish Ahx '' Burr Porter, a young man of high respr" of Newark, New Jersey, of a romantic mild.1! ceived a fancy of joinmg the Turkish """'z the opening of the present r. lie cctt being made a captain of artillery, and rrcrti'jj preventing a town from being sacked, o Fr' ted lo a colonel. A Tri-Colored Baby. The latest w Pans is the birth of a tri-colored baby on tl Montmarlre. The Constitutional, wbsst ination, says the Siccle, pusses all bound ) covered ihe phenomenon and declarea ll'8' baby's 'feel and legs are blue, its thighs and are cherry red, while its head is as bick ' negro s. Graduation of the Price of PdbUC ltf The United States Land Office at St. latlerly been crowded with applicant fo land in that district under the pruviswin lnnd graduation law pused at the lst Cnr There is yet a quantity of land tmbr.icrd 9 ! district subject to entry at 12 J ceuis P'r,f!'V this now forms ihe great struggle. I nJt'f visions of the late act, it is believed, s ) amount of land, until now rejected, will tercd. ! Once a Slavf -1l is staled that S.W !Fausii,, f, ,he black Emperor of Sao I ...... e . 1 . i .. nl XL W I ' piiiai.f tjjfM or two inr.e l. i--r,TK aiirnrif -- 'j receipt of several baes of coffee aad a lew- receipt ot several bigs of coHee ato a . . ;mK "J sugar, accompanied by quite an aff.,cti,"i,e' j from his imperial Majesty. t ... ... . lr..fef ivesioed. wm. IV. Ittasi ' ,vm i Mathemntics nnd Natural Science W n line Female Cellcst. h resigned, i til iii. saw I K-es odvetttic Inr a g-ii'lutiiui to P
The Charlotte Democrat (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 6, 1854, edition 1
2
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