North Carolina Newspapers

OFFICMJP-STAIRS opposite SCARR'S drug store A Family Paper, devoted BY WILLIAM J. YATES, EDITOR AXD PROPRIETOR. PE. A. YATES, ASSOCIATE EDITOR. THE cmoctat Published every Tuesday Containing the latest News, a full and accu rate Report of the Markets, &c. il m a $ For the vear, if paid in udvance, $2 00 f paid within six months, 2 50 If i,aid after the expimtkm of the year, 3 00 ; Anv persoa Bending us five new sub scribers, accompnnied by the advance sub- rtption ($10)wfll receive a sixth cony gra t ; fr one year. . ,. "Subscribers and others who mny wish t , send money to us, can do so by mail, at iiir risk. ADVERTISING. O ic s - larc of 16 iincs or less, for 3 months, 51 00 .. " " (i 44 f 00 44 II " 10 00 t) - 1. lino?, or less, first insertion, SI 00 Each MbacqueM insertion, '.15 I'W Transient advertisements must be paid for in advance. ; ffor announcing Candidates for office, 5 in advance4. E & ' Advertisements not marked on the anunscript for a specific time, will be in gi rted .intil forbid. and charged accordingly WILLIAM J. YATES. XjZO-CaL l or The subscribers offer for sale U Ai-iH'4 of Land In one IhmIv one thousand of which is m wooasj lying in wo !.-) ( .as ton county un both Bides ol the S.. uih l'nik of tbe. Catawba River, I i it i - Kurt It-went ot Lharlocte, and within tin- '- niil. s of the line of Rai.'road now building froi Charlotte Wi Lincolntwn. A'-.i. Two Hundred Acres, one-third of which i - iimbi rultival ion. . ;-... 250 Acres on the South Folk in a good start- of cultivation. The above are good Farming Lands, and will 1. . Id iu lots to bmH purchasers. Teraas easy. On Me. t the tracts there is a water power of iU i.-'t. with command of the wind.- liv-r. Persons wishing to examine these Lands will b-attended to l.v the parties at Stowesville. J. &.. E. B. STOWK. Charlotte, June 2, l."o. 4H-tf oOO Head 1 Bee I' Cat lie Wanted. Also, 500 HEAD OF SHEEP 6c 100 i LHead of HOGS, And 12 or 15 .No. 1 Milch Vmrns. I llESIKE lu puixhaor thr above amonnt of I 8toek. 'l lies.-baviii-i any lor sale will do well to j i, , :i , all. 1 am w illine to av the hiarbesl autrk.) t nrie Farmers will li .I it to tin -ir auvan- t:.r.- to (sell til instead ol bul ii IS.-, v. s. t-'h. o or l loirs to in.' cIhtiiiz tliemselves, as j tiniiK l ean nmuwraie mem as wen n noi mwi hhi u tln-v butchered tle inselves. W. A. COOK. .1 ii .-. - i u ,1 : Charlotte, July 14. 1",7. Town Butcher. I BOOTS & SHOES. Just Received yon tiik SPRING & SUMMER TRADE, As tine an A" Unent of Boots axxci Stioes As has ever been offered to a Southern People Call and sec them at BOONE Terms, CASIL March 17, 1S57. & CO'S STORE. tf K. M. MUKCHISOH. A.J- HOWELL. MURCHISON 6c HOWELL, COMMISSION MERCHANTS, Jt'o. lO 1 Wall Street, J I". Feb. 3d, l"7. i DR. R. WYSONC, Clmrlotte, . C. M'AVING located in this place, respectfully often his Professional Services to the citi zens of the town and vicinity. OFFICE in the near brick building, opposite the burnt district, Main Street. April 28th 1"7. BREM & STEELE, Wholesale and Retail Dealers IN Hardware, Ilat. and Shoes, CHARLOTTE, N. C. May 5, 1S57. 44 tf JlILlMM.KY AXU DRESS-MAKING. mm. wmnjuMi Bmpf tfiilljr intonus the Ladies of Charlotte and vicinity, that she has returned, and offers her services to her old customers and friends. RESIDENCE OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE- Charlotte, June 30, 1?,"7. 11. UF. ALEXANDER, Attorney at Law, CHARLOTTE, X. C. Office over China Hall. August 1 1, lir."). Tor the Neatest stock of Clothing vou ever saw go to the Emporium of Fash ion of FULLINGS & C . For the Prettiest stock of Clothing vou ever saw go to the Emporium of Fash ion of FULLINGS fe CO. 5T F. .r the Cheapest stock of Clothing you ever saw go to the Emporium of Fash ion of FULLINGS fc CO. I Country Merchants Are respectfully invited to call and examine my Wholesale , rices ot choice f i 4 i i nut Un 111 flllV Rtv p irt nm Air lr gr J J - ' ".v.. .. -,j PBITCHARD, Druggist and Apothecary July 28,- 1857. Irwin's Comer. White Lead. 10.000 Lbs. White Lend, in oil, just received and for sale at PK1TC HARD'S Aug. 18. Irus House. Paint or Linseed Oil. 300 Gallons just received and for sale I at the lowest market prices,4 at i'RITCHARD'S Aug. 18. Drug !f Chemical Store. VARNISHES ! VARNISHES ! A large stock now on hand, consisting of Demon, Furniture, (.'opal, Coacb-Lody, Ja pan, tc.,1 which will l,e sold lor casl, lower than any other House in Charlotte, t H. M. PftlTCHARD'a Wholesaled. Retail Drug Store, Aug. 18. Irwin Corner. PUTTY, PUTTY, PUTTY. 1,000 Lbs. Putty, jnst received in as sorted cans, and for sale at PRITCHARD'S Aug. 18. Drue Store, Otto of ttoe A larsie assortment of Lu bios', Glenn's and J. Hanles' splendid EXTRACT TOILET WATERS, sjoaps, r.rushes, A.c, cc, just u t hand, at Pritchard's Fane; Drug Store, July 28. Irwin's Comer. Port Mommies A new and beautiful assortment, just received at 'ririard's Drug oul Chemical House, July 28. Irwin's Corner. Blake's Aromatic Bitters, An excellent Tonic and anti-Dyspeptic medi-i cine, just at hand at Pritchard's Drjti,t of choice Family med icines. July 28. lrw.n's Corner SOLUBLE ESS. OF CAMPHOR, For diseases of the Throat, Mouth, Stomach and Bowels, prepared and sold at Pritchard's Drug and Chemical Store, July IS. Irwin 's Corner. I Condition Powders. Farmers and others interested in line Stock, are assured thai these preparations are unsur passed as a hi a th-giving remedy for Horses, Cattle, and all kinds of S:ock. l-'or sale at Pritchard's Wltolesale mid llclail Drug House, July 2S. Irwin's Corner. Patent Medicines. Call at PR1TCIIAKDS DKUG STORE Irwin's Corner, for the most approved and popul ir medicines uf the day. July 28. lye Stntii, Bye Mull's, The very best of this class ot articles, con sisting, in pait, of Solution of Tin, Extract of Logwood, Cochineal, Madder, dec, may be bought low at I'rilchard's Diug House, July 28. Irwin's Corner. BOOKS For Sale AT THE CHARLOTTE BOOK STORE. The American Sportsman : containing bints to Sportsmen, notes on shootinfr, and the habits of the Game IJirds and Wild Fowl of America, by LEWIS. The Golden Legacy: a story of Life's Phases. Kills from the FOC STAIN OF Like, or Ser mons to Children, by K. v. U. Newtox, D. D. The Daisy Chain or Aspirations: a Family Chronicle. Shobpac Recollections -. A Way-Side Glimpse of American Life, by WALES MARCH. Kathie Buande: a Fin -side History of a Quiet Life, by HflUU Lfj:. HOITSEIIOLD MVSTEKICS, by Liz.ie Tilt. El GsniUO, or New M xio and her People. Fai l Fane, by X. P. Willis. Veva, or the War of the Peasants and the Conscript: two interesting Romances bound in one volume. The Napoleon DynastT, or tbe History of the Bonaparte Family: an entirely new work, by the Berkley Men, 'with twenty-two autln ntic Portraits. Call at P. I. LOWRIETS Book Store. March 31, 1857. 39-tf H. B. Dowler & Co's CELEBRATED WHEAT FANS. The anbscribers are now engaged at Monroe, Uniou countv, N C, in patting up the above th.-ir lMniiiier of construction named Fans. In and operations and entire adaptation to the pur poses for which they are designed, these 1 ans are unequalli d by aiiy tl.it have heretofore been offered to the public They are constructed ot the best materials, and none but the best work men are employed. An experience of tivr years in the business justifies the belief that entire satisfaction will be given. All our work is warranted. FiF" All orders will receive prompt attention and the machinery delivered according to order. Jit ft rcuces: D. A. Coringtoa, J. P. Houston, Munroe, N C. James 1J Robinson, Benj Morrow, Mecklenburg county. Wm G Smith, Dr Wadkias, Anson county. lit )SK .V- STEEL. Monroe, Union countv, March 20th. tim Dissolution. The Bern of MILLER & ORR was dissolved by mutual cons tit on the 8th of .July. Those indebted to the late linn will please make hnme diate pavment. H. 8. MILLER, Aug. 4, 1857. DAVID ORR. to Stale Intelligence, the News CHARLOTTE, MECKLENURG COUNTY, TUESDAY, v a ii i ox i Fashion!! Fashion!!! Well, Who Cares About Fashion? I HWafj hU iXt$JJJi.$ i A3 A MATTER OF COURSE. Well, Where do You gel the Fashion ? Why, at iFULLINGS & CCVS EMPORIUM OF FASHION, As Hundreds can testify who have been there the past week and fitted themselves out in Jk PASHROMABSiI WW at less prices than at any other house in the State. Now kind reader if you want, to see the neatest, prettiest, cheapest, most fashionable and largest Stock of Clotning you ever saw call at FLLLIXGS 5c CO'S EMPORIUM OF FASHION, next door to the Mansion House, Charlotte, N. C, where one look will satisfy you lhat it is the place for good and fashionable Goods at low prices. We could go on and tell you about tbe different styles of Goods on hand, but our Stock is so large, with such a variety of styles that we will just say to you all, come and take a look and satisfy yourselves as our goods will be free ly shown and prices given. We know it has bee n a subject of great astonishment to a great many how it was thut we were ena bled to sell such Fashionable GOODS at such Very Low Prices. Well, it is simply because wo import our own Goods, manufacture them ourselves and sell them to our customers at the same prices that other dealers pay for them in Philadelphia or New oik, and then we rive them an article better made and to give satisfaction r money returned. We return you our sincere thanks for the liberal patronage bestowed upon us, and if sidling good and fashionable Uoods at very low prices will insure a continuance of the same it shall be done at the EMPORIUM OF FASHION bv FULLINGS &l CO., Tkyox Street. May 19, 1S57. tf DR. B. CIIERAS Having located at MONROE, tenders his pro fessional services to the citizens ot the Town and surroiinding country, and respectfully soli cits their patronage. td Othce at J. Bickett's. April 28. 43-:?m OFFERED AT COST. THIS balance of our heavy Stock of I. SCUT SUJIJlGIt LOTIIIX; AND DRESS GOODS will be on", red from ihts day Ca'l at Springs corner. HENDERSON &. AHESNS. August 11, 1857. 4t Temple of Fashion JS NOW OPEN. Something Entirely New. GFXTLEMF.X, one and all, young and old, who wish to wear Good, Fine Clothes, goto J. W. COLE'S SEW CLOTHING EMPORIUM, First Door above Kerr's Hotel, formerly occupied by Lowrie's Book Store, where you can get the best fits and the finest clothes for the least money than anywhere else in the State. The goods are all made up to order expressly fur this market. Everything is gotten up ill the very latest and neatest styles, aud the making of every piece is "Warranted to last, or otherwise made good. Let all go and look at his well selected stock of Ready made Clothing, and be sure to examine his prices: he will put you up a suit so low that you will be compelled to wear fine clothes. Gentlemen wishing any particular suits, by leaving their measures, can have them in 12 days, warranted to suit or no Males. He intends to sell very low and conduct a strictly Cash Bnsiness. The purchaser will certainly find the Cash System at least 20 per cent, in his favor. His motto is "quick sales and small profits," for CASH ONLY. Yes, if vou want the worth of your money come to me. J. W. COLE, Ag t. Charlotte, April 28, 1857. Om 500 Agents Wanted. A IIO-TIE STEAD FOR 1. THIRD DIVISION. $310,000 worth of Farms and Building Lots, in the Cold Region of Culpepper County, Vir ginia, to le divided amongst 10,200 subscribers, on the 7th of December, 1857. Subscriptions only ten dollars down; or fifteen dollars, one half down, the rest on delivery of the Deed. Every subscriber will get a Building Lot or Farm, ranging in value from 10 to $25,000. These Farms and Lots are sold so cheap to in duce settlements, a sufficient number being re served, the increase in the value of which will compensate for the apparent low price now asked. More than 1,350 Lois are already sold, and a company of settlers, called "The Rappahannock Pioneer Association,' is now forming and will soon commence a settlement- Ample security will be given for the faithful performance of con tracts and promises. Nearly 45,000 acres of land, in different parts of Virginia, now at command, and will be sold to settTers at from ."?'! to $300 per acre. I injur s tionable titles icilt in all cases be girrn. Wood cutters, coopers, fanners, eke., are wanted. And also. 500 Agents to obtain subscribers, to whom the most liberal inducement will be given. Some Agents write that they are making $400 per mouth. For lull particulars, Subscriptions, Agencies, Ac, apply to E. BAFDF.R, Port Royal, Caroline Co , Va. Aug. 18, 1857. of the World, Political Information, SEPTEMBER 1, WESTERN DEMOCRAT. CHARLOTTE. The First. C. Attstin, sheriff of Union county, settled his t;ix account with the Comptroller on last Friday, lie is the "'first of the season.' Mr Austin, however, was but one day ahead of our old friend Caleb Miller, Sheriff of Lincoln, who settled with tbe Comptroller on Saturday. Caleb Klutts, Esq., sheriff of Rowan, and Wm. Flynt, Jr., Esq., sheriff of Forsytbe, have also settled their accounts this week. We learn that tbe average increase in the amount of taxes is about 25 per ceut. Raleigh Standard, August 19. GOVERNOR WALKER. The Government has received despatches from Gov. Walker, in which he complains of great injustice having been done him in regard to "who shall vote in Kansas." In li is despatch of July 20 lie says: "On one point I have been grossly mis represented. It is as to who, in my judg ment, should vote upon the ratification of the constitution. I have been represented as desiring that every man should vote who happened to be in the Territory on the day of that election. This, indeed, would be desirable if there were conclusive evidence that all such persons were actual, bona fide settlers; but the only sufficient and usual proof of such a fact would be some previous residence. On this point, which is one of detail, I have never proposed to make suggestions to the convention, although, when asked my opinion by members of that body, I have indicated a previous residence of three or six months, and that the same qualifications should be adopted in the constitution in regard not only to that, but to all future elections; and, in my judgment, one or other of these terms of residence will be adopted by the convention, from whom I anticipate a cordial co-operation. "It is somewhat extraordinary that, whilst this accusation of letting every man vote who may happen to be iu the Territory on the day of the election lias been preferred in the South as indicating a desire on my part to let in aboiuon vagrants and interlopers to control the result, the Kepubli. cans of Kansas have drawn an entirely different conclusion viz: that I designed in this manner to bring many thousand Missourians into the Territory to decide the contest. THE FES ST LOCOMOTIVE. The Charleston Mercury gives an inter esting account of the first locomotive built in this country. It says that the South Carolina Railroad was the first one com menced in the United States, to be worked by steam power, and when finished and ready for use, which was on the 2d October, 1833, it was the longest railroad in the world being 130 miles from Charleston to Ham burg. It was the first railroad iu the Unit ed States that carried the mails, and the first locomotive built in this country was constructed for and used on that road. This engine would bo a curiosity if plac ed alongside of one of Xorris's or Baldwin's last improvements. It was named the "Best Friend," and was built under the direct ton of Mr E. L. Miller, of Walterboro, at the West Point foundry of Messrs. Kemble, N. Y. The engine had no tender, but carried its own wood and water. The wheels were of wood, with spokes like a wagon, and the heel armed with a wrought iron tire. The engineer who run the hrst locomotive ttiat was used on this or any other road in the United States, was K. X. Darrell, an ap prentice brought up in Dotterer's machine shop. After a few trips, tho wooden wheels of the "Best Friend" gave way, and were re placed by cast iron ones, the pattern for which was made, and the wheels cust, by another of Dotterer's apprentice boys, J. D. Petsch, then the foreman of that well known establishment. Tuese, it is believed, were the first cast iron wheels used on railroadsMn this country. The "Best Friend" blew up after a brief career, and from its wreck an other engine was built by Mr Petsch, at the Company's work shop, of which he was then in charge. It was called the Phoenix. Previously to this tbe crunk axle had been used, but in the re-construction of this en gine, Mr J. D. Petsch introduced the straight axle with outside connexions, and also wrought iron tires on the cast iron driv ing wheels, neither of which, it is believed, had before been tried in this country. A man w as recently bitten in one of his arms by a lunatic in the Insane Asylum at Hartford, Conn. Shortly after the occur rence the arm began to swell, and exhibited signs of being poisoned. Medical men are of the opinion that the virus from the lunatic's teeth was communicated into bis system by the bite, and that he will eventually become tr.ad. To keep skippers out of bacon in Sum mer eat it early in never knew it to fail. the We Southern Rights, Agriculture, NORTH CAROLINA. 1857. RECOLLECTIONS OF CROSS CREEK From the Fayef.leri.lle Observer. The Highlanders of Scotland, after their defeat at Culloden in 1746, migrated to North Carolina, under the advice of Neill McNeill. They found a resting-place on the banks of Capo Fear, at what has re mained the head of navigation on that river to the present time. As early as 17G2 Cross Creek and Camp bellton (now Fayetteville) began to assume importance in a commercial point of view, the fame whereof attracted many from abroad, and amongst others James Porter field, an Irishman by birth, but who for some years had been a resident of Penn sylvania. Mr. Porterfield had five children Eleanor, who intermarried with Col. Thomas Owen, the father of Gen. James and the late Gov. John Owen ; one son who died in early life ; John and James, who for many years were merchants in Fayette ville, and Denny, who is tho subject of this brief sketch. On the breaking out of the Revolutionary war, the whole family of Portorfields espoused tho Whig cause. In the death of James Porterfield, Sen. the Whigs lost an able and influenti.il friend. But bis widow, animated by the same ardent temperament, made her mansion headquarters for the W biers of Cross Creek. She was celebrat ed as an expert cartridge-maker, and fre quently spent nights in preparing bullets to be used by the Americans. At that time she lived in the house that has for many years been known as tho residence of John McLeran, dee'd, and now of his son Wil liam. Under such a father and mother, and in such times, Denny Porterfield grew to manhood. He became a soldier, served with distinction in the American army, and attained the rank of Major. It is not our object to give a detailed account of tho ex ploits of Denny Porterfield, but will simply endeavor to record his daring braveryas exhibited in his last battle. It is a well known fact that while Coru wallis retreated from Guilford Court House via Fayetteville and Wilmington t-j York town, where he was compelled to surrender to the prowess of Washington, Gen. Greene instead of pursuing him, determined to re lievo North and South Carolina from the persecutions of Lord Rawdon, and so press ed upon him, that in July 1761 he took post at the Eutaw Springs, where the Americans attacked him and drove him from his en trenchments. Foremost in this intrepid charge was the high-souled and valorous Denny Porterfield, who seemed to have a charmed life, as he exposed himself upon his mettled charger, with epauletts and red and buff vest on, to the murderous fire of the enemy. Lieut. Col. Campbell received a mortal wound while leading the success ful charge. Portejfield and his brave com panions rushed on to avenge his death, and took upwards of five hundred prisoners. In their retreat tho British took post in a strong brick bouse and piequeted garden, and from this advantageous position, un der cover, commenced firing. At this crisis in the battle, Gen. Greene desired to bring forward re-inforce-ments to storm the house. To save time it became important, that some one should ride within range of the British cannon. It was in reality a forlorn hope. The American General would detail no one for the enterprise, but asked if any would volunteer. Instantly Denny Porterfield mounted Iis charger and rode into his presence. Geu. Greene inquired if he was aware of the peril, if he know that his path lay between converging fires, and in full sight of the British army. Poterfield modestly replied, that when he entered the American army ho had subjected his powers of mind aud body to the glorious cause, and if needs bo was prepared to die in its behalf. Greene communicated the command, which was to order into servico a re served corps that lay in ambuscade, ready to advance upon receiving the signal agreed on. With a brave and undaunted bearing Major Porterfield dashed off upon his fleet courser, and so sudden and unexpected was his appearance among the British, and so heroic the deed, that they paused to ad mire his bravery, and omitted to fire until he was beyond the reach of their guns ; but on his return, they fired, the shot took effect in his breast, and tho brave Denny Porterfield fell, and scaled bis devotion to the cause with bis blood on the plains of Eutaw. His horse escaped unhurt, gallop ed into the American ranks, and never halted till he reached his accustomed place in the ranks. Gen. Greene, who witnessed the instincts of the animal, shed teiirs, and ordered David Twiggs, father of Miss Winny Twiggs now of Fayetteville, to take charge of tbe horse and carry him to Mrs. Porte rfield at Cross Creek. And upon a Sunday afternoon the mother of the distinguished gentleman who communicated some of the facts detailed, remembered to have met David Twiggs coming into the Cross Creek, who in one breath announced the fall of his beloved Major and the success of the American arms at Eutaw. He brought with him the red buff vest that Major Porterfield wore, and Gen. James Owen has informed me that he remembers to have seen it aud that Literature, and Miscellany. there was a rent or tear n one side and slightly blood-stained. 0 tho retreat of Lord Rawdon, Gen. Greene retained pos session of the field, and there the body of Denny Porterfield found an honorable grave. His horse lived foi several years a pensioner, roaming at pleasure on the banks of Cross Creek known and beloved by all who venerated the valor and chivalry of Denny Porterfield. PERSIA. The difficulty between Great Britain and Persia originated in the capture of the City of Herat by the tforces of the later power. luis, threat Lritain contended, was con trary to treaty, and insisted that it devolved upon her, iu her chaiaeter of protector, and so forth, to compel Persia to withdraw from that advanced post on the road to India. War was declared and the successes of tbe British troops compelled the Persian government to assent to a treaty of peace dictated by Great Britain. One of the con ditions of this treaty was tie evacuation of Herat. The insurrection in India has compelled the withdrawal of all the British forces from the Persian territories, and renders it impossible for tho English gov eminent to enforce the present fulfilment of the terms of the treaty agreed to by Persia and the latter power, with the short-sighted duplicity characteristic of Asiatics refuses to evacuate Herat, or otherwise comply with its engagements. Before the end of the year there will bo all of one hundred thousand British soldiers concentrated in India, gathered from all parts of the East. That the Sepoys, or tho effeminate population of India, can resist such a force, under either Sir Patrick Grai.t or Sir Colin Campbell, would be madness to expect. Tho Indian peninsula must be tbe theatre of terrible acts of retribution, leaving no vestige of native rule, and no prince with money or the semblance of power to disturb tho British sway. That mattter disposed of native India crushed and disarmed, how much of the vast force drawn to the East for that pur pose, will it take to make Persia repent of her misguided faithlessness ? It is always a ticklish thing for a weak power to take advantage of the temporary embarrassments of a strong one. The day of atonement comes and Is a terriblo one, when it docs come. NARCOTIC SUBSTANCES. It is stated in an essay by a reliable au thor on "Chemistry of Common Life," that of tobacco there are consumed about 4,480 millions of pounds every year; of betel 500 millions ; of opium, 20 millions ; of hops, 80 millions, and of coca, 30 millions of pounds. The cost of distilled spirits to the people of Great Britain amounted in 1840 to about 24 millions sterling ; beer about 25 millions, and tobacco seven millions and a half, making in all an vnnual expenditure of fifty-seven millions of pounds in these stimulants, not including the cost of tea, coffee and chocolate. This sum equals the whole public revenue of iireat Britain. It is justly remarked by thoauthor from whom these facts are taken tlttt, whilst we may naturally inveigh againsl such an excess of unproductive and often injurious sensual gratification, it is obvicus that tastes so deeply seated in human mture, so univer sally indulged, and so deirly gratified, must take their origin in tho physiological con dition of man, and have some intimate con nection with the natural conditions of his being. The curious fact is stated that, tho com mon clay pipe now used in smoking tobac co, was used in nearly its present shape at the first introduction of that weed, as though before approved for a similar use. There have been occasionally found in Irish bogs, clay pipes, supposed to be of a date ante rior to the introduction of tobacco. In Croke's Legends and Traditions of the South of Ireland, reference is made to a dudheen which was dug up at Brannocks town, couuty Kildare, sticking between the teeth of a human skull, and to other author ity which would show that the northern na tions of Europe, long before the discovery of America, either smoked tobacco, or an herb of similar properties, and that they smoked it through small tubes. It is said that in one of the ancieit chimney pieces in Cawdor Castle, there i? a rude carving in stone of a fox smoking a tobacco pipe, with the date of 1510. Another learned English authority consi'lers it certain that a habit of smoking had been acquired in England long before the days of Sir Walter Raleigh, and mentions i singular fact, in support of the theory tJat something was smoked before the indroluction of the to bacco plant, that, in spite of the suppres sive edict of Queen Elizabeth, and tbe "Counterblast of James, the Society of Tobacco-pipe Makers, in the seventeenth year of the reign of the latter, had become so very numerous and considerable a body, that they were incorporated by royal char ter, and bore on their sfcield a tobacco plant in full blossom. Lafayette's Bikth Dat. Tbe aldermen of Boston have passed an orJer tnat the bells shall be rung and cannon fired on the 7th of September inst., in commemoration of the centennial anniversary of the birth day of Lafayette. $2 PER ANNUM In Advance. VOLUME 6 Number 272. Is aaanaaaaaaaai POSITION AND MERIT. The man of position lives while lie lives the man of merit lives after he dies. England had a King when Shakupeare wrote, whom the old men and the children honored, while the namo of the poor writer was scarcely known of any. But now, all, both old aud young, who speak the Eng lish language, are familiar with Sbakspeare and his writings, while the King is forgot ten. Who was Virginia's Governor when Patrick Henry was arousing his fellow men with tho sweeping fire of his eloquence ? The school-boys all know of Patrick Henry and feel thejr blood tingle as they recito his impassioned strains, while tbe memory of the Governor has perished." In his day he was better known than the orator. Position is & thing of to-day, while merit is a being of all time ; and when joined, as it should be, with an upright, blameless life, it becomes a star forever a never ending light set in tho eternal sky of Truth. Spirit of the Age. . - LOOK UP. A ship, becalmed at sea, lay rocking lazi ly. A sprightly lad, the captain'.- only son not knowing what to do, began mischiev ously to climb tbe mast. Ho had got half way to the top, when turning his eyes be low to see bow far he was from tho dock, he suddenly grew dizzy. "I am falling. I aui fulling," he cried. "Look aloft," shout ed his father, who at that moment was leav- i rrs 1 a nig ins oaoin. I lie poy, accustomeu in stantly to obey that voice, looked up to where tho main-1 ruck swung against tbe sky, recoveied heart, went on, was saved. We do not give the anecdote as now. Doubtless every one of our readers have heard it before. But the story has a signi ficance not always noticed. Others, besides the captain's son, have been saved by look ing up. In the dizzy ascent of life many a man has been on the point of falling, when some sudden thought has bidden him "look up ;" he has tuken courage, has persevered. has won the prize. Bruce, when he saw tho spider fall six times, yet succeeded at the seventh, was of this class. So was Wash ington, whn Cornwallis had driven him across the Delaware, and when, instead of giving up in despair, ho suddonly collected all nis resources, fell on tho British lines and achieved tho victory at Trenton. There come times iu the experience even of tho bravest when the heart is reudy to give up. Aniiction alter amiction, lor exam ple, has assailed him till hope itself despairs. Perhaps a favorite child has been suddenly stricken down. Perhaps a terrible epidemic ins destroyed more than one little one. Per iaps the wife of his bosom is no more. Per haps, by one of those catastrophes which oc casionally occur, his entire family has been swept into eternity in a moment of time, in the twinkling of an eye. Ho feels as if there was no longer any object for him iu life. In tho first shock of his agony he would not caro even if news was brought to him that his fortunes were bankrupt, that he was a disgraced beggar. But, by aud by, a still, small voice within whispers "look up." Ho sees that the sky is still as bright as ever, the breeze as blessed, the trees as beautiful. Ie hears the waters run, leaping and laugh ing down the hill side, glistening in silver as they go. The earth is not less lovely than before, the stars are as numberless, tho ocean and mountains as sublime. His fel- ow-creatures have the same kindly hearts towards him. He owes them tho same old duties. Gradually ho realizes that he has much yet to livo for. In time even ho regains a subdued and quiet happiness. Ie has learned to "lock up." A great financial crisis overtakes the strong man in the midst of hi schemes. Ie gathers up all his resources, contending gallantly, desperately, long after hope is over ; struggling for his family rather than himself; fighting, agonizing, like Laocoon in the serpent'folds. It will not do. Tho mighty whirlwind, whose outer eddies ho has been striving to resist, wheels down up on him in all its power ; he is torn up iu an instant ; he is hurled on the ground, he is left breathless, bruised and uoeuiingly dead. At first, when he regains sensation after the overwhelming shock, he is without hope. He has neither strength nor wish to resume his work. Ho is willing that the teinpet shall sweep the wrecks of his fortune out of sight forever. It is useless, he says to himself, even to try to regain what he has lost. At last a gentle wife or sympathizing friend bids him not to despair. "Look up," they say. He looks. At once he is a new man. He recovers his name and fortune. In every circumstance of life, "look up." Are you about to enter a profession ? Aim at no secondary success ; fix your mark high ; "look up." Aro you a merohant ? Become leader in your business, and to d this, first "look up." Aro you ambitious of political destiny ? Scorn to bo a mere demagogue ; resolve to bu a statesman ; "look up." Is authorship your wi.h ? En deavor to take rank among the classics of your language by studying manner an well as ma ter ; aspire to triumph greatly aud permanently, rather than prematurely ; in a word, "look up." Ah ! if all would only look up. But some never boar the cheer ing words. Some disregard them. Of tho thousands who Lave failed utterly in life, or met only a secondary success, the ma jority owe their misfortunes to not looking up. In sorrow or disaster, remember the boy upon the dizzy ma-t, and "look up, look up." Baltimore Sun.