Newspapers / The Charlotte Democrat (Charlotte, … / Nov. 2, 1858, edition 1 / Page 2
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DEMOCRAT, CHARLOTTE, C improvement now in progress, iron can be there made and transported to Wale, and at a cheap a rate as thru for which the Welch manufacturers now afford the article. Extensive beds of valuable marls are ascertained to exist over almost the entire eastern portion of the State, and afford the meant of making fertile most parts of that section. Recent examinations have r.rought to light to so great an extent, lime, copper ones, and other valuable minerals, as to satisfy rvery one that North Carolina is eminently fortunate iu her geological formation. The Agricultural productions of the State are not less varied than its surfaces and soils. 1 know of no article grown in New Knglaud or New York, that cannot be obtained with less labor, and at lower , rates in the mountain region of North Carolina. Whatever the middle and western States of the 1,'uion yield can be produced in abundance, not only in the' central parts, hut in fact all over our Slate. While tobacco may be profitably grown iu almo.t every portion of it, some of the northern countica produce varieties, equal and probably superior, to what old Virginia herself, or any other part of the, world grows. Cotton of flue qualities is produced iu the lower counties, in as great quantity to the acre, and with as high profits, as in the south west ern State. The progress this culture has of late j made with us, when we consider the large area suitable to it. renders it profitable that at no distant j day North Carolina will take rank among the first cotton States of the Union. The rice of the Cape j Fear is esteemed equal to the best in the world, and. its culture may be largely extended in that region. The lowland counties of the east and northeast, as j producers of bread.-tuffs, are destined to be to the j adjacent region what Kgypt was in the time of the ; Pharaohs. The grape is indigenous in every part of the State,' from Currituck to Cherokee, and among the hun dreds of native Tarietics that are from time to time brought to light, after the neglect and waste of cen- , turies, there are doubtless many which will equal, possibly surpass the delicious Scuppcrnong of the Albermarle region, and the famous Catawba of Bun- combe. With snch indications, and our favorable . soil, and climate, why may we not in time, approx- j iniatc to v'.ntagc of France and Germamy? Mr Webster once remarked to me in conversa tion, that he did not believe that we should ever be able to obtain good wine from the Atlantic slope of j the American continent. The reason given by him i fMM this: the prevailing winds of the temperate re- I eions being from the west, and as in the Cnited j Slates they came from the land, a much higher de- j gree of heat wan felt in the summer than in Europe, where they blow from the Atlantic oean. Hence j he thought the extreme heat of the summer here would bring nheant too soon an acetous fermenta- ' tion, unfavorabe to the production of good wines, j If this view should present an insurmountable dim- j culty. with respect to wines made from foreign jrrape. that ripen in the heat of our summers, it j nererthele. w-juld not exist in the case of the natives, . which do not usually come to maturity until the ; greatest heats of the summer tire past, namely, in the j months of September and October. In fact in a district of a few miles iu extent on the Tryon mountain, where j neither dew nor frost are ever known, and which is remarkable for the variety and excellence of its native grapes, they are often found in tine condition iu the . ojen air, as late ns December. In the wine districts of France, there are embraced in all about ei.h t '10 us ntl square miles, a considerable ; portion of which con.-ists of rocky steeps and terraces. J ' unlitteel for the production of cereals, and yet the yield M wine is of the value of more than fifty millions of dol lars annually, while the product of brandv is from ten j to twelve millions. It thus appears that the whole yield from these eight thousand miles of territory, is equal to about one half of the average value of the cotton ciop of the I'nited States for the last five years. There is doubtless in North Carolina, a much greater amount of land than this, suitable to the growing of grapes, and may we not hope, one of these days, to become a great wine produc ing community ? With the single exception of the sugar from the cane. I know of no agricultural product of the Union, which is not suited to our State. I do not merely mean to say that they may be produced, but that they all find in our limits their appropriate soil and climate, and can be successfully cultivated to an extent greatly sur passing the wants of our own people. All the domestic animals existing in the Uuited States, thrive within our borders. Though the sheep may be advantageously rearcd iu almost every part of the State, he finds his best climate and most attractive food in the mountain ous region, while the blood horse can be most success fully raised in the sandy districts of the lower country. The climate of North-Carolina as a whole is emi nently favorable. I know that different opinions pre vail in many quarters, and so much is said in these days of northern energy and touthern indolence that you will doubtless pardon a few remarks tending lo dispel a singular popular delusion. I maintain then that during nine-tenths of the existence of man on the globe, as historically known, the destinies of the world have been controlled by nations occupying territories, having as warm climates as our own. According to the settled opinion of the learned, when man was first created, he was placed by Providence in such a climate, and it would be singular, indeed, if when he was commanded to multiply and replenish the earth, he should have bora placed by his Creator in an unfavorable location. Kgypt. where man seems first to have attained a high state of civilization, and India had tropical climates. The four great empires of antiquity were, in their cen tres, subjected to ranges of temperature as high as ours, baby Ion and Pcrscpolis were nearer the equator than the most southern point of North-Carolina, while Nine vah was below its northern limit, and the hearts of the Assyrian and Persian empires were subjected to a warmer climate than ours. And Greece and Rome, too, were lands of the olive, the vine and the fig tree, aud possessed temperatures as high as our own. What people ever exhibited more spirit, energy and enterprise than the Greeks in their Periati wars and Asiatic in vasions? Where has the world seen such an example of long sustained strength and energy, as was manifes ted by the Romans, when they held for so many centu ries the best portions of the known world from Scot land down to the great African desert? decav and fall of their empire, there began IAm ik, j under the ; tropic of Cancer, a movement headed hy Mahomet, which swept over the earth with the rapidity of a bat of fire, Fubjeetiuv the principal parts of it to its control. A high state of civilisation, was kept up for centuries at lta?dad a ad Cordova, the capitals of the principal branches of the Sarecenic dominions. After their de cline, aud the overthrow of the Greek empire of Con stantinople, the period of Spanish ascendency began. J It ths appears that it i only during the last two or i three centuries, that the socalled northern nations have ! had control of the world. The extraordinary popular error which so generally prevails on the subject is due ! doubtless, mainly to the fact that to the minds of the ' majority of men. the present is everything, and the j past, however long it may have been, goes tor nothing. It. in part too. may be uecounted fur by the well known j circumstances, that the old Roman empire in the period j of its decay was overran hy bands of barbarians from ! the north. Rut at that time the strength of the Romans i was goue. having been destroyed by their vires, and i the despotisms to which thev had been objected. In ! fact, they had long ceased to he a military to bear arms, and had been accustomed to people, or j hire these i Itarbarians to defend them. That they should have fallen prey to them is no more wonderful than that a decrepid giant, after a century of vice aud dissipation. bould have been overpowered by a strippling. There can be no doubt but that any one of the half dozen Hch armies a the Roman republic was able to keep in I the field at the same tunc, would have been able to beat any horde of barbarians that ever crossed, the frozen Danube. I would, not disparage or undervalue the intellect, talent, energy and courajje exhibited by the northern nations in our day. But Homer still stands the mon arch of Poetry. All attempts to equalize others with him. but serve to show their lamentable inferiority. Domosthene- and Cicero are still the models to which the student in oratory i pointed. Who has exhibited more capacity for metaphysical science than Aristottle, ! or greater genius lor mecuanicai pnuosopuy man Archimedes j Whose works of art surpass those of .1 Phidias and Michael Angelo ? Who as moralists have been superior to Soerataes and St. Paul? What navi- c.tuir were more emerprtHng ui daring man t hris fophcr Coltsjabus and V'aseo de Gam ? Who as war- j rters, ktatesineu son possessor universal genius ana takac. rank above Julius Caesar aad Kapoiesui Bona parte? The catalogue might b. indefinitely extended, by references, both to Europe and the L'aiitd gtaies. but aatii these names are overshadowed, it cannot be a e a truthfully si4 that a northern clime is accessary to ! develop "the M sjfcaat degree of human courage, talent, energy and intellect. J We have then all the ae-eessary physical conditions j ia our territory, tu'iu rjl. oiJs. woods, waters aud iM ati to make a creat agricultural State. In addi- tion to these advantages, there must be an intelligent, energetic and moral population. It isouly within our day, that the characteristic ana ejuaiiuesoi me various races of men have received any large share of attention. Many ages ago the different species of animals and plants, aud even the heavenly bodies were the objects of study, but it is only of late that the peculiarities of the several races of men have become the subjects of investigation, and that this branch of science, most im portant to man, has made remarkable progress. The dominant race in our State belongs entirely to the great Caucasian family, that has iu all ages con trolled the destinies of the world. Wherever it has ex isted, neither rone, nor clime, nor external circum stances, have materially modified its physical and men tal features. It has dominated alike in Northern and in Southern Europe, and in Southern Asia, nor have the torrid heats of Africa prevented Cart hagenian, and Ro man, aud Saracenic ascendency. In America, too, wherever its stock has been kept pure, its superiority has been equally striking, from Canada to Cape Horn. But while it everywhere shows itself to be superior to any of the other races, it is nevertheless affected to some extent by certain causes. While the mixture of those nearlv related by blood is extremely injurious, and on the other hand the union of races w idely differ ent, is destructive in a few generations to the hybrid progeny resulting from it, it has been ascertained that a combination of varieties of the same race is advan tageous, and in such cases, there are exhibited the highesj degrees of courage, energy and intellect. The ancestors ofthe present population of North Carolina were mainly frm England, and the English people are themselves a combination of the original Celts, Romans. Saxons, Danes, and Normans. In our own State they have received a large admixture ofthe mod em Germans, Irish, Scotch. French, and other European natiotis. Such a combination gives the best assurance of a high order of intellectual and moral qualities. One third of our population consists of aii inferior race held in subjection by the higher one. The negro:s are by their physical constitutions eminently fitted for a hot climate, aud for situations unfavorable to the health of white men. They are therefore suited to the swamp lands of the lower countries, w here they cau lalwir without injury from the solar heat and malaria. They exist too among us in a proportion nearly large enough to occupy in time the region where they are most needed, though perhaps, iu rather less numbers at present than the State, as a wh 1 , may require. The negro in all ages, and in all countries, where he has remained for any length of time, has been a slave, and his natural qualities seem so eminently litted for that condition, as srongly impel us to the belief that he was intended by Providence to occupy that station. It is, too. gratifying for us to know that as he exists in the Southern States of the I nion, he is in all respects superior to what he has beeu elsewhere. Apprehension i was formerly felt, lest by reason of the considerable I numbers existing in this country, there might in time be a complete mixture of the two races, or dangerous i collisions between them. Intelligent minds at this , time have no such fear. As to the first ground of I uneasness, independently of the repugnance felt by ; the white Ml to such a union, Providence has by a ! law of his own, higher than any human enactment I guarded against it. For purposes of his own he has determined that the different species of living things ! shall continue to exist us separated by him, iu spite of effort s to add to the number of the various specie - , i This principle applies to the human races as well as to the inferior animals. Hence, when mixtures occur, they, like other hybrids, can exist only a few genern i tions. Had it been otherwise, instead of the different ' r.vc.-s we now find in most parts of the earth there would baVu been only one uniform mixture of all, like I an alloy of me tals fused together. Nor is there reason to apprehend resistance. e,r re bellion, among the nc j groes en any large scale. They are in.-t actively se , sensible of the snj criority of the white Man, and so ! docile in their disposition, that they remain passive in i their present condition. In fact so wide is the chasm ' between them and us, that they elo net aspire to ! equality. We have therefore a great advantage over i thos nations that have held, slaves, their own q tals. In such c.ises there have been dangerous insurrections and most cruel anel bloody civil wars. The effect too, of this condition of t hings, is favora ble tf the ruling race. Every white man is sensible ofhis advantages, and take a pride in his position, lie looks upon himself as the peer of all living men. It was well said by Rurke, that in countries where slavery was unknown, liberty was Iookeel upon as an impor tant pidit ial right, but that where it did exist, each freeman re girded his libeity as a high peistnal privilege which he was ready to defend with the last drop of his blood; and that slaveholders always maintained their liberties with a higher and haughtier spirit than tthcrs. With us there is the doable stimulant: first, that of freedom as contrasted with slavery; secondly, the superiority ef the white man to the negro. (ur society seems the refore to rest ou the most favorable basis. Nerth Carolina is often called an honest State. 1 doubt if those who thus speak of our integrity and honesty, realize the extent ofthe compliment they pay us. I fear, fellow citizens, that wedo not ourselves fully appreciate it. As OBe of the great distinguished quali ties of the Creator of the Universe, not less than his omnipotent power, is pet feet truth integrity as he made man's eternal happiness depend solely on his moral w orth, aud as he has se ordered that iu the private-relations af life, integrity and truth are the basis of respect, este etn and confidence between man and man. in fart the very foundation of the s trial system, it might be well supposed that public virtue would be of the utmost consequence to a State. Accordingly we find that in all ages the strength anel prosperity ot nations has kept pace with their public anel private morals. Even small States, where a high moral tone prevailed, have had strength enough totesistthe mod poweiful invaders. The philosophic historian Polybius while a captive at Rome, at toe period of the greatest prosperity of that mighty Republic, when comparing its institutions and morals with those of his degenerate countrymen, declared that the word of a Rotaaa was worth more than the honel of a Greek and twenty sccur.ties. In the course of a M:igle century these Romans lost their stern integrity, anel public corruption and private vice prevailed, se that a republican form of government was no longer practicable. Even the iron despotism which succeeded, though it delayed. eoiild not pr Teat the dee ay and instruction of tie empire . Age t trench monarch rerrcl tl.at he could not afford the luxury of an egg for his breakfast, because each of his subordinates, through whom the money to be paid for it would have to pass, would em bezzle so much of it as 'o render the sum expended ', larger than his treasury could bear. Santa Anna is j understood to have declared that the reuse n why he ; could not maintain any stable system of government in .Mexico, was necause tne enic:ais lie was oniigcu to employ, appropriated to their own use nil the funds intended to be expended for the public se rvice. The late Czar of Russia is reported to have complained that the interest of the empire suffereel by reason of the speculations ef his officers. Even the untiring industry comprehensive intellect, ai d eaple eye of the great Napoleon cotdel not prevent similar abuse s. I maintain then, f. lloxi -citiz ns, that when our cotemi o-aries speak of us as pre-eminently honest, they assign te ns that very quality which, of all others, is most impor tant to the strength and prosperity of a State. It i sometimes said, however, that we are behind the present age. If we have retained somewh.it more thau others, the institutions and manners of our fore fathers. I trust we have ke pt with them the stern in tegrity which distinguisheel the revolutionary age. l,ord Chatham, when contrasting the iron barons of the olden time with the silken one ofhis day, eleclared that he "would not give threje words of their barbarous Latin for all the classics. flic earlier stages in a nation s existence are usua.ly characterized by simple virtues and a stern abhorence etf vice anl crime. As they become metre, refined they usually relaxed and enervated, anel are mere tolerant to wrong eleters. j Already in certain portion of ifae Union such is the ! sympathy felt for criminals, that the crea effort is to Makes them as comfortable ami happy as possible, after their conviction. I hope that with us sympathies will always be given to the innocent who may have suflercd, aud indignation towards the criminal. I trust that neither capital nor corporeal punishment will ever be metre spariuglv used in our State than they now are. The relaxations that have already taken place, have not, ia tnyja Ig-neut, been advantageous to the public. Let our State always be as comfortable as petssihle to the vicious and the criminal. It will then continue. as it has heretofore been, a region wherein there is as small a proportion of crime to its population as any on eart'i. As evidence of tlie e-onfidencc ret O cd in the integrity of North Carolina abroad, we may refer with satisfaction to the high prices t which her bonds are sold even in periods of the grea' est depression in finan- rial matters. That our people were not as generally educated as some others, has been the subjee-t of comment, but at present North Carolina is expending for the purposes of edaeatin w ithin her limits, more, I tbijk, lo propor- tion to her population, than any one AT the southern States, and than most of the northern ones It cannot fairly be argued either, that we are behind our neighbors in native intellect. Theise who have re presented us in the national councils, have usually, at le-ast maintained an average position w ith the repre sentatives of other parts of the Union. Some who were born and educated among us. have, w hile citizens of other States, attained the highest positions known to the Republic. It is nevertheless undoubtedly true that our sons have not, w hile residing among us, been the recipients of a fair share of the public honors. This is, 1 think, to be attributed to two causes. During my time in public life those whom we have sent to repre sent us at Washington, have beeu in a political sense reliable men. In etlher weirds, no matter to what party association they might belong, it was known that they would stand firmly by the principles they professed. Representatives from some of the States by threaten ing to assail their own party, find faVear, and have honorable appointments bestowed on their immediate constituents, because politicians are often meanly selfish enough to quiet opposition, and buy support by the bestowal of the offices in their gift. It has thus sometimes happened that our State has been punished, for the IsVtitJ of its representatives. I am far from thinking, however, that it is a misfortune to our citi zens generally, that they are not holders of federal offices. 1 happcued to mention last winter, to a prominent statesman, tnat eluriug the whole of General Pierce s administration, ami of Mr Buchanan's up to that time, there had not been a single application for an etfliee under the federal government, from any citizen of my district. He at once declared that the fact was so honorable to the district, that it ought to be universal ly known. And I do hold that nothing can be more honorable to our people than the fact that they should be willing to rely ou their own honest industry, at home, insteael ed hanging about Washington for a liveli hood. Still our State has not, I am sorry to say. abroad, at all times, the e-onsideration and weight she would have if her sons were oftener the recipients of the higher houeirs ef the Republic. In the second place, it has been sometimes saiel that we have not always been as ready as some of our neighbors to promote anel sustain our ablest men. This, if true, I have thought w as, in a great measure, due to a conditietn ef things which it is in our power to remove. Owing to the form of the territory of our State, there has been heretofore little community of feeling between the different parts of it. The eaateru counties have, from their position, been isolated from the rest ofthe State, the northern ones conr.ecteel with Virginia, aad tlutseon the setuthern with South Caroli na, while the extreme west has Stood as it were aleme. The State has therefore been very much broken up into sectional division--. In filling the prominent political positions to which we were entitled, combina tions of some of these sectional parties have been formed for temporary purposes. It may have happen ed that on aecouut of these sectional rivalries, sirong men have sometimes been set aside. Envy is saiel to leve a shining mark and she sets after the fashion of Tarejuin, when he cut the tallest poppies. Our people have been accustomeil to lament the fact, that we have no large cities in which the opinion of the State could be concentrated and a proper tone given tet its feelings. Rut large cities are attended with so many evils, that by some they arc regarded as sores in the body poli tic. They are less lavorable, pe rhaps, to the increase of wealth and poputalioa than the rural distri-ts, and are attcueted with far asore of pauperism, vice and rime. Thegeneral extiution of railroads and tele graphs seems about togive to the country many tt" the advantages ofthe city without its drawbacks. With their aid one may now pass through a State in but little mote lime than he wonlil formerly have traversed a large city. Iy these means our N. r h Carolina citizens inn nave tne ieinius wnicu arise irom a rapta inter change of views with each other, without the evils that attend the crowding of population into large cities. We can thus have the strength of concentration without its wie-kedness. and knowledge and refinement without vice. Already the progress made in our works seem in this respect to have produced a favorable change. But when thev shall have been completed, when one may to-day lave in the breakers of the Atlantic and tet-metrrow stand among the clouds, on the mountain-lops of the distant west, when the who!? Stute is thus brought teigether. yetu will then have a North Carolina opinion so concentrated and energetic, that it will become efficient, aud give us that consideration abroad towhich we shall be entitled, I have already intimated that there is a danger which threatens us in the distam-e. Such is new the strengtii of the United States that they have nothing to fear from foreign violence. The evil which menaces ns is wholly from within. I do not now merely allude to an organization which has sprung up lately in the north ern States, and w hich threatens our section. Its getv erning principle is hostility to the Senith. Net matter what might be the opinions of a man on any political, social er moral question if he was only known to be intensely hostile te us. if he was anxious that nil the powers of the federal government should be exercised against us, and fr our elestruction, such a man was re garded as a worthy member of the organization. To suppose that the s'iith would willingly submit to be governed by such a party would be an implication that she wanted the common instincts of humanity. No man is to be expected to submit himself, if he can by any possibility avoid it, to the control of one whose einl' principle is enmity to him. Waiving for t he present, however, all thought of (his danger, there is in the future prroaad for apprehending evilto all the mem bers ofthe confedercy. We have see-n that great nations have, in the end, suffered most from the exactions of their own governments. AVere this a consolidated re public it could not hetpc to escape, for a long perioel. the fate of those which have preceded it. In the or ganization of our system, however, it has been most wisely arranged, that the powers of the central gov ernment should be limited and well defined. Two main reasons led to its formation: The first was to ena ble it to manage the foreign relations of the States, and hence it was invested with the power to make war against and tre'aties with foreign nations, and to regu late commerce with them. A second prominent object was to prevant collisions and misunderstandings be tween the States themselves, and it was authorised to regulate commerce between them, cola money, kc. Most ofthe leading powers belonging to it fall within these classes. It was, however, invested within certain other attributes, not oi the first magnitude, but which it could conveniently and advantageously exercise. In e rdcr, too. that it might have the BCfll of sustaining itself, and performing the function- assigned to it, it was invested with full pow, r to raise revenue by taxa tion, and withnet limit, except w hat its legitimate wants might f.iirly ree,uire All other powers were retained by the States. Notwithstanding the care and foresight manifested by its foutideis. it has nevertheless greatly increased its strength since its formation. This is due not so much toits having assume d new powers, (for the at tempts made in that direction have been on the whole pretty successfully resisted,) as to the practices which have grown up under it. Combinations have been formed by certain c!a-scs to make use of its powers fetr their own advantage. 1 will refer to a few examples to make it manifest, that it is treading to some extent in the foot prints e.f its predecessors in the woerld. Boun ties are given to those engaged in certain kinds f fisheries, and these by no means I he mcst difficult and dangerous. It cannot be shown that those thus cm pletyed are more me rite rious than arc the classes taxed for their benefit. The original exemse given for this measure that it was necessary to ere ate a navy, no long er exists, becan cwehavea commercial marine equal to that of the first nation in the world, and it is a singu lar tact that other b-anches even ofthe fisheries have imreased much fester than those favored e,ncs. In the se-cond place, our navigation laws are nnjust to all. ex cept those engaged in commerce. If the agriculturist j wishes to tr..n-port his grain, cotton or tobacco from ! one part of the Union to anetther, why should he not j send it in the ship which will carry it cheapest? Or if I one of our merchants should wish to have goods, j purchased by him, brought from New Voik to Wilming- j ton, and a foreign ship is willing to bring them for one i half the price that American ve.-sels charge, why should j not he be permitted to employ it? If one etf our citi- 1 j zeus wishes to buy a ship, why not allow him to pur- cha.se w here he can do it the cheapest ? These restric tions are all intended for the benefit etf north eastern) ship owners and builders, and oppress the Agriculturist, j ! The most iujurenis of all the measures of the govern i meat, however, to the planters and farmers is that 1 j arising frm the manuer in which the tariff taxes have ! Iteen imposed. Any just system of taxation ought to1 i he made as equal as possible, w hereas, in fact, this has j ; generally been made the reverse. Certain classes I wishing to escape all the burdens of supporting the ' government, and to derive profit from the syatesa, have, j by their activity and industry, succeeded in rendering 1 it in the highest degree unequal. It thus happens that w hen the American people are made to pay more than j sixty millions to the federal government annually they likewise pay a still larger sum to the mauufactur- ; r-rs. The excuse forjhis is that American h'bor must be protected. But are not the agriculturists, who toil I in the sun, laborrrtf If so why should they be taxed j for the benefit of the manufacturers? Again, a powerful combination has been formed to ! carrv out a system of internal improvement. When, at the formation of the constitution, power was given to j regulate eetnimercc. this was well understood to mean ! only the right to pass laws for the regulation of trad ! in'vess Is, &c, and it was never dreamed that under it j the government was tet have authority to make harbors ; where nature had not provided them, open rivers, and ! build roads. As managed, in fact, it has bee n a mere combination to plunder the treasury for the private ad vantage ofthe parties. Appropriations, toej, are made to build expensive custom houses in the interior ofthe country, a thousand miles from the frontier, w here the imports are in fact made. As the goods have to be car ried by the custom houses on the frontier, it is a mere mockery to pretend that any just reason exists for such expenditures. They are known to be made solely to i gratify the pride etf certain cities, to give jobs to con ! tractors and e-niployment to workmen. For a like rea ! son government post offices are required to be built, j After most of those who have fought through the wars are dead, strong efforts are made to get pensions for I them. It is notorious that the main pressure of Cou I gress to enlarge the system enormously comes from the speculators who are employed as pension agents, aud ; who make large profits by their operations. In some years the printing of comparatively woithless books ex ceeds the expenses of the entire government in its earlier days- Every pretence, too, is sought to create new of fices and enlarge ?alaries. There are already powerful combinations of those who expect to make a living out of the government. A large portion of this mischief, undoubtedly, arises from the action of those who repre sent the manufacturing interest, and who labor to cause the getvernment to waste as much money as possi ble so as to afford an excuse to raise or keett up the tariff taxes. 1 refer to these things to make it appear that our government is traveling the path of those which have gone before it- But it is sometimes said that the diffusion of education, newspapers and universal suffrage will protect us. If any one thinks so let him look to the city of New York. There are in abundance newspapers, intelligence, and univetsal suf frage, and yet that community, in spite of its efforts, is oppresseel by an enormous system of taxation, the pro ceeds of which are mainly waste d- If a small locality like this cannot protect itself what might w e expect in this extended Union, if the powers of its government were all consolidated at Washington. Seeing the progress already made under our system, I should despair of its being arrested but for one con sideration. There is a limit tet the sum that can be raised by the tariff taxes, as it depends on the amount ofthe imports, and I doubt if the people would bear a heavy system of direct taxation. It is this thought which gives the most hope. Let things goon as they may, however, it is our daty tet use all the means in our power to arrest the evil by restraining the action of the central government within proper limits. From the past conduct of North Carolina and the present feeling of l.er people, I look upon her as among the mest re liable of States in this cause. There are. too. fellow-citizens, incidents in our histo ry, which may well be brought to mind em an occasion like this. The first explorations, anel settlement of our territory were made uneler the auspices of one with whom any community might feel proud to be ass tciated. When you consider his great abilities, both, as a milita ry and a naval commander, his talent and sagacity as a statesman, his varied learning ;;nel knowledge, so much in advance of his times, his accomplishments as a cour tier, his lofty spirit, fully imbued w ith the tone of that departing chivalry, which would lenel even to erretr it self a halo of glory, his high courr.ge and daring, and genereuis and noble traits in private life. Sir Walter Raleigh was. by all odds, the first man ofhis day in Eng lanel, bright as that day was. After the settlement of the colony etf North Carolina, its inhabitants were re markable for their love of independence and their ca pacity to gove rn themselves. As etur character as a frank and candid, quiet anel well orelered anel industri ous community is set fully esta hi isheei. we can. w ithout any feelings of uneasiness, r sensitiveness recur to such statements as these. In the year 1731 the colonial getvernor Barniagton, in an official dispatch to his home getvernment says : '-The people of Nerth Carolina are neither tet be cajoled or etutwitted. Whenever a gover nor attempts 1 1 effect anything by this mean-', he will lose his labor, and show li s ignorance. 'The inhabitants of North-Carolina are not industri ous, hut subtle ami crafty; always behaved in.-olently to their Governors; some they have imprise n d, others they have drove out of the country, and at other times set up a Governor of their own choice, supported by men and arms.-' When the dividing line was run between Virginia and North-Carolina, etne etf the commissioners appointed by the former State. William Byrd, in his ' History of the Dividing Line," says : -'The borderers laid it to heart if their land was taken in Virginia, they chose mue-h rather to belong to Carolina, where they pay ne tribute to Geel or to Cicsar.' As he may have felt a pique against the borderers and jealousy tnwsrls a State prefcrrcel tet his own, his Words ought probably tet be accepted with grnins of allowance. We w ill then take etnly half the statement to be true, the latter l.a'f. for those w ho are readiest to resist the demands of an usurping despot, arc the most likely to reneler the homage due to the Creator anel the Governor of the Uni verse. We shoald naturally expect such a people to be among the first and boldest to r sist those aggressions of Great Britain w hich led to the Revolution. Accord ingly in the year liil't. on the passage ofthe stamp act. Col. John Ashe. Speaker of the House of Comnn ns of North Carolina, informed Gov. Tyron that the law would be rettxteri to every extent. On the arrival of the British sloop-ot'-war. Dilligcnce, in thfl Cape Fear, he and Ceil. Waddell. at the head ofthe body of the citi zens eif the counties of New- Hanover and Brunswick, marched down in a body, frightened the Captain of the ship so that he diel not attempt to land the stamp paper, seized her boat, and earried it, with flag flying, to Wil mington, and the whole town was illuminated that night. On the next day they niare-hed to the Governors House, and demanded that Gov. Tyron shoulel elesist from all attempts fit execute the Stamp Act, and etbliged htm to deliver up Houston, the Stamp Master for North Carolina. Having seized upon him. they carri.-d him to the public market house aud compelled him to take an oath never to attempt to execute his office as Stamp Master. It was nearly ten years after this act, that the Boston tea party assembled, w hen i number of citizens, elis guised as Indians, went on board a ship and threw over board the tea imported in her. This lat er act was done in the night time. y men in disguise, anel was directed against a defenceless ship. But the North Carolina movement, ten years earlier in point of time, occurred in open day. and was made against the Governor him self, ensconced in his palace, and by men w ho scorned all disguise. While both deeds were meritorious ou account of their daring, and also the motives of the ac tors, that at Boston partook of the stealthy manner of the cautious fox. while the North Carolina act resem bled the lofty bearing ofthe lordly lion, whose defiant mar sends challenge loud to all that oppose his way. And yet the one occurrence has been laueled unsparing ly while the other is scarcely known out ofthe limits etf our State. Historians, whose main object has been to elevate other States, have ignored it, because of its bril liancy. It has been suggested, however, by way of ex cuse for this, that the tea movement led immediately to a collission of arms. Rut will any man pretend that a blow which mecrVly irritates an adversary and causes him to make an attack, is me,re meritorious than one so decided as to overawe him and compel him to retreat? The same spirit continued to animate our people, and led tet the uprising of the Regulators to resist the op pressive taxation and exactietns of the ced nial trovern ment. It was on the 16th day of May. 1 771, that the j battle ofthe Alamance was fought, in which more than three thousand men were engaged. Here occurred the first collision of arms between Great Brittain and her rebellious cohtnies, and here was shed the first bhtod of ' the American Revolution. Though superiority of arms and discipline enabled Governor Tyretn to win the vie- i tory. snch was the terror inspired by the movement, that he required the people, in all the middle and upper : parts ofthe State, to be drawn out in battalliotis. and to takeaa oath of allegiance to the British govciierrt. In 1 addition to this, the prominent men were most suspected, I were notified frenn time to time to appear at each court, ! anel renew the oath to sustain the government- As the contest waxed warmer anel warmer between the colonies sad the mother cetuntry, the spirit of onr people con tinned to rise. And en the 20th of May, 1775, the citi zens of Mecklenburg, more than a year in advance of' the general Declaration, proe-laimed Independence, and. St a subsequent meeting, perfected their system of getv- ' ernment. The conduct of her sons throughout the whole struggle, vindicated the opinion expressed by ! Lord Cornwallis and "oI. Tarlton, that Mecklenburg was the most rebellions county in America. Such a ' county was a fitting birth place for Andrew Jackson. As the first blood of the Revolutionary contest hod been shed in onr State, so in it the first victewy was won. in the well fought battle of Moore1? Cre ek, on the 27th L of February, 177. Nor were the exertions of our citi zens confuted to their own territory. Gen. Francis Nash aud Col. Edward Buncombe gave up tneir lives on tne soil of Pennsylvania, aud at the battle of Eutaw the North Carolina militia maintained the fight, in the open field, against a greatly superior force of British regulars, so long, and so etbstiuately refused to retire, when or- dered by their officers, that the commander-in-chief de- dared that their conduct would have done honor to I'russian veterans. And when the gloomy cloud of British domination was moving steadily on from the northeast like the dark shadow ot an eclipse, it paused Ere it reached our western border. The tide of our enemies' success recoiled from the base of those "un- ' known mountains, ' and Itecame refluent when Ferguson ' fell. Soon after in the bloody battle of Guilford, the j power of Cornwallis. the ablest and most dangerous of j our enemies, was broken, and he retired, with drooping i ' spirits, to the sea side to become a captive j j That North Carolina declined, for nearly two years ' after its formation, to become a member of our present i ! I'nion,is inno respect to her discredit. Having profited ' ; by her own experience, she was slow to part with the ; ! right of absolute self-government, and finally, only ! i adopted the Federal Constitution, after important ! ' amendments had been made. And shoulel it, from any i ! cause, fail tet afford her that protection to which she is I I entitled, the spirit which animated her early colonists, ; which resisted the Stamp Act and other British aggres- j ! sious, and rose still higher at Mecklenburg and King's i ! Mountain, will again be ready to vindicate the princi- j I pies of civil liberty. That she may be spared the ue- ! cessity of new exei tions to that end, ought to be the wish of all her sons. The whole human race is largly I ' interested in the result of our present system, and shouhi I it be successful, there will be preseuteel such an Empire ( of confederated sovereignties as has never yet exi.-te.-el on the face ofthe globe. ! DENUNCIATION OF THE DEMOCRA TIG PARTY. Sonic time ago, says the Columbia Carolinian, ! j we published some extracts from Senator Wilson's I speeeh showing what a stumbling block the Demo- j j cratic party was in the way of the Black Republi- I cans. He denounced it as a "tool of slavery." j We make now some extracts from Senator Seward's speech. He, toe, aids the opponents of Dcmoe I nicy, and will gratify many in the Soutl. by his denunciation of the party. Those ia our Stute ' w ho assert that to be a Democrat, is to be anti ! States Rights anel sinti-Setutliern Rights, will please road Senator Seward's speech: j '-Senator Seward addressed a very large Republi- j I can meeting in this city to-night. Corinthian 1 j Hall wus'crowded to excess. He spoke about an I I hour and a half, and dwelt chiefly upon the sub- j jeet of slavery, showing, first, what were the in- : tcntions of the framers of the Constitution, and, ! second, what has been the tendency ofthe tiovern- ' ! ment under the control of the aristocracy of slave- j ! ry. This country, he said, must be wholly free, i etr altogether slave territory. He arraigned the j I Deraocratte party as the great ally of the slave I power. Democratic Administrations mereh record j its behests. The next demand of the slave power will be the al r gitlm of the law suppressing the j slave trade, and so they will import from Africa, at the cost of only twenty dollars a head, slaves , enough to fill up the interior of the continent. ! Thus relatively increasing the number of slave : States, thej- will allow no amendment to the Con- j ' stitution prejudicial to their interests, and having I permanently established their power they will ex- j ; pect the Federal Judiciary to nullify all State laws which shall interfere with the internal or foreign ; commerce in slaves. AVhen the free States shall 1 be sufficiently demoralized to tolerate theae designs ' they may reasonably conclude that slavery will be ! accepted by those States themselves. If it were j posssiblc to conceive for a moment that the Demo- j I eratie party should disobey the behests of the I slaveholders, we should then see a withdrawal of! the slaveholders who would leave the party to j j perish. The portion of the party which is found S in the free States is a mere appendage, convenient to modify its sectional character without impair ing its sectional constitution, and is less effective j in regulating its movement than the nebulous tail tf the comet is in determining its appointed, though apparently eccentric course, or the fiery j sphere from which it emanates." Bit Hill AM ('OMl'I.KTKI.Y EfMI'SKO. Oil the evening of the 17th of September, the day of the : departure of the last mail from Salt Lake, thirteen births were reported in Elder Kimball's family. Suicidk and Bloody Affay. We copy the follow ing from the Marion (S. C.) Star, of the 2Gth ult: ; "We learn that a man named Holdcn, living some six miles South of this village, committed suicide, on Saturday night last. He was living at the house of his brother and being out after dark, near the house, was heard to talk as if in conversation with some one; he then called to his brother to come to him, who started, and on arriv ing within about a hundred yards of the spot, heard the report of a pistol, anel ran back aud called a neighbor, a Mr Loyd. This gentleman approached the spot, and found the deceased lying on the ground with an empty pistol in his hand, the contents of which had been fired into his fore head; he was alive, but speeehless, and only lived about three hours. A jury of incjue?st was held on Sunday, and gave a verdict that the deceased came to his death by his own hands. "We learn that an affray took place, on Wednes day night last, in Marlboro' District, between Sietn Oelom and Joshua Alford, ef this district, which resulted in the death ofthe latter, by a gnn shett wound inflicted by the former. Wc have not heard the particulars." irThe w ide reputation w hich Or. J. Hostetter's ! ' Stmach Hitters' have attained during the past year, I betneftfco its excellence in a more forcible manner than any words which we can offer. It renovates, purifies, anel strengthens the system, and aiels the stomach in the I pcrforarti of its fune-tions. It is regarded on all teides f as a sovereign specific, and, thercfere, to procure it in the best possible way, should be the object ofthe public. I Wc commend it with more than usual zeal and confidence, believing and know ing, as wedo, that it stands foremost ; among the many preparations of the day, for imparting ; strength: vigetr and tone to the system.' and possessing, the curative powers for all similar distunes arising from a disordered stomach. In the most severe cases I etf cramps, diarhoca and weakness ia the stomach. the "Hitters" have been rigidly tested, and always with ' the greatest success. fcVpt 14 Sept. 14. For sale by E. XYE HUTCHISON & Co! i Almost exerybody has heard of '-Wood's Hnir Rtior ttivr " That the word -Restorative," in this rase, is no misnomer, we have the testimony of individuals w hose elevated position in the countrv. a -li ... acknowle dged aud honorable character as gentlemen render whatever they publicly assert in the last degree reliable. Several of these have tested, personally the i hair preparation we are now speaking of. and certify to i its amazing efficacy in the most public manner possible ' Their certificates can be seen at the proprietor's Depot 311 Broadway. New York, and once seen and prorerlv appreciated, we have no hesitation in saying thev will impress conviction on the most skeptical mind. YVood's Hair Restorative, is, doubtless, the best article of its Mini 1-ht ci prouueen. Feirsale'hy E. NYE IICTCAI30N & CO. A V en able Medicine. Dtirinsr the le ss than six e,f our friends, who have been induced to try Prof. De Orath Electric Oil for rhnmatism in con sequence of having seen this preparation advertised in cor columns, have called npon us to state the result of their experiments. These persons assure us that thi rheumatic pains have been entirely cured by a few a plications of De Grath's -Electric Uil," ! thc " commend its nse to all who arc afflicted with anv of ti disease? which it i designed in enre W 4 I For sale by E. NYE HUTCHISON k CO A Hk.roi .nk. The Danville Republican tells 0r lady named Butler, in Caswell county H p , h . .. , nti fii . t' . " . ij r .u .11 j J . UeeP f h 8ed hold of the rope attached to the water ; DUCae, went to tne DOttom M the well, texk the child in her anna and then ascended the rot ,riinR the child along with her an unpamll. iVi 1 t Fa'tied ; , , m j The followinr opinion of "counsel learned in A . ,, . c. . . . . '"c j 18 worth at least . hundred of any other ever ! given by the limbs Ot the proiession : Fee simple and a simple fee, And all the fees in tail, Are nothing when compared to thee, Thou best of fees female ! Salem Almanacs FOB SALK AT LOWRIE'S BOOK STORE. Charlotte, October 11, 18.'t8. THE CLOTHING KM PORIl M of Fulling.?, Spring V Co., Our dtMtr abore the Mavsi'm Ifoum , IS now stocked with one ofthe largest and haiulsom. est Stocks of GENTS and YOUTHS' Clothing aud Furnishing Goods. ever offered iu the State. We deem it unnecessary to rehearse to the pulilir the advantages we possess, in being connected with a Manufacturing House, ns it must be apparent let nil who buy of us, that thejiaave at least 2.rt per ce nt. uj get neater anel Wetter made goetds than elsewhere. We would call the attention of the people tei our large and clegaut stock of 111 nek and Ilrown VLOTtt COATS, gotten up after the latent Broadway stvb. UL.IdMiS, Sl'KIMiS k CO. October 5. I8.rtd 300 Plain and Fancy CassiineTe Suits, heside an e-nelless variety etf all grades etf cassimere Coats, black and fane-y cassimere l'ants, black Silk aad Satin Vests; enssimerc, velvet anel plush da.; all of which are eitfcred at esccedinglv low priced, l-TLUXCS, SPRINGS ,v CO. FURNISHING GOODS.' Consisting in part of Linen, w hite and fancy Marseille Shirts, Merino Cndershirts; Jeans and Merino Drawn.; Cravats, tiloves. Ilosicrv, kv. FlLLIXfiS, SIMM St. S o. HATS WW CAPS. Leary's Bl.u k Silk Hats, Muck and fancy eassiawrt Hats: black and brown Cloth, navy, silk, ctittoii vrlwt anil silk oil cloth Caps, at prie-es thai defies competi tion. Fl'LLl.NOS, SI'IUNC.S k ((). Hoots, Shoes, Trunks and 1liSES. we have also added to our stack ef clothing, anil will be setbl very low. Also a Variety eW Carpet Hagi and I'mbi-ellas. FUXINfiS, Sl'UIXCS k CO. Oet. Tt. 1858. Having sold my Hrug anel Chemie-al Rstaldlslimeaf tit Messrs K. Nye IfntcttisoB & Ct.. I heartily iiHanmal then as my successors to the ernnOdeaae anel patroaate etf a generous publie-, for w hose kinel anel liberal stii- tiort of mvsdf hitherto 1 am anel shall ever he t nil v 11. m. rniTt'iiARU. ' grateful. October 1!. 1858, NEW FIRM. Dr. K. ,VU HUTCHISON X CO., X Hnvinir fHtrchaserd of lr. II. M. Fritcharel his entire stock of DRUGS. CHEMICALS, OILS. I'AINTS, kv., espectfully cull the intention of the public to the fact ml thev will carrv etn DRCU IH SINKSS netw receiving, in a WMOi.SSAi.JS AX li It HTML at Irwin's Corner, where thev nre addition to their pre sent Htocfc, larife assortment of Fresh aud Genuine Drags, direct frittn the New York market. K. N Y E lirTcniSON. M. I)., will wparlatead rah large ami well know n establishment in person. tfc& Physicians' prescriptions made up with preempt ness and care. October lit, I8i. HENDERSON & AHRENS Are receiving and have now in store a full assnrliiient RKADY-made CLOTIIIXt., BOOTS ft 8UOK8, Hats. Caps, Hardware, crockery, cigars, fancy Cimm (aROCERIES, Which w ill be offered for cash at unusual letw prie-M. An examination of our stock is respectfully pefidhi. SHAWLS, CLOAKS AND MANTILLAS. Black and culoreel cloth, silk ami e ashmere Clunks mid Mantillas from Si "0 to $12 50. BOOTS AND SHOES. La diets Morocco lioetts, first rate article, at M rent; men's calf, kip anel other kinds of Shoes: congres fi tcrs. Also, a good stock tf Rrogans at S' 10 to $1 '" CloHiIng, Slilrta, Cravats, f oliar. Soe ks. Drawers, Cnelershirts, a gooel assortment. Ten deezen Gentlemen's bordered enmhrie- Han4herrcahrf t 10 cents. Also, linen and silk Handkerchiefs, Uwi variety. GeniV Shawls, Raglans, f onifor.s. fo Fine Watches and Jewelry. Pete ket Knives. Pertane ries anel Fancy Articles. Embroideries fc lVhite Hood. Jackonet and Swiss Edging ami Inserting, ra6W, fleeeea, Laces. Flouncing, Marseilles, corded anel ricty of Hoop Skirts from 75 cts to $5 50. SECAHS. Still on hand the favorite old hranJ (LaEstulta) at $:t per box tf 25o ; ehta Havana ff of choice qualities. Call at 1IFA0KRSON eft AHRENS nt Spri'ir corner and satisfy yourself that their prices arc. Iff the lowest, among the lowest. Oe-tetber 12, ln.-8 tf AMERICAN HOTEL, Columbia, 8. C. The undersigned lte-gs leave to sav tet his frieiieb the public generally, that he has leased the Am' '"'"" Hotel for a term ef years, and has made snch improve ments in the House fixtures and furniture that it b " cond to none in the e-itv. The House will lc condue-fed as a first class Bote! in all its appointments, and no pains will be- ?prel to make it a favorite resort. The Proprietor hopes, by strict attention to the !,n" of his guests, to merit a 'full share of the public patn'ii- Shiell's Line of Omnibnsses and carriage found at the different Depots to convey pesteafff 10 the Hotel. SOLON W October 10, 1858 31-4t Koopmarin & Phelps Are now receiving a large stock of Fall niul H'hdc which they offer to purchasers at extremely low price' They have removed to their wcic Star, at tbe 0M Stand where they invite their friends and eestoasfH to call and see them and examine their stock. ct. 12, 1858. LAST MQT1CB. LL PERSONS indebted to the Estate of B. MOORE, deceased, are requested ! make - mediate payment. longer imlnlgence tan'iot bFre!j j ' m - J ell II' II"' I J eft VT 1 I . I 1 I J I it "MlUOl I ( a- present (hem. or their recovery. Oct. VI. 1853. this notice w 111 be pleaded it" WW. KflKIt, 4t Adii.iiiistr3,,,r-
The Charlotte Democrat (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Nov. 2, 1858, edition 1
2
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