5
Tr rrjo i i a
- .IKjitn
J i J
3 per1 am lxi tii
ON THK
WEST SIDE OF TKADK STREET
CHARACTER IS AS IMPORTANT TO STATES AS IT IS TO INDIVIDUALS, AND THK GLORY OF THE ONE IS THE COMMON PROPERTY OF THE OTHER.-
IN ADVANCK.,
mitWML 3. YATIS, p-.to.. ( CHARLOTTE, N. C, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1859.
SEVENTH V 0 LI M E X UMBER 348.
ra AAA rsr mrfc- A A tA
' f J
QPublihed every Tiicsiay,o)
WM. J. FATES, Editor and Proprietor.
Euwjx A. Yates, Associate Editor.
o
IF paid in advance
If paid within six months
If paid after tbc expiration of tin- vcar
$2 00
2 50
3 00
feT"Av person sending us five KM subscribers.
iicroiiiii:iiiic1 by the advance subscription ($lo j will
receive a sixth copy gratis for one year.
Subscribers and others who may wish to semi
vnwucv to us, tan lo so bj mail, at our risk.
Hales of jtdvtrtistng" :
One yquare of 14 Lines or less, for 3 months, $ 4 00
ii :. a " 0 " C 00
it u it '4 12 " 10 00
One square, or less, first insertion, $ 1 00
Each subsequent insertion, 25
Transient advertisements must be paid for in
advance.
fjjjf F'or announcing Candidates for Office, $5 in
ad van re.
gST Advertisements not marked on the manuscript
for a specific time, will be inserted until forbid, and
charged accordingly.
MomMmrMB III ' IWgM
KGREHT GIBBON, M. D.,
PRACTITIONER ?F ME1(HE
AXO
Office No. I Indus corner, ClIAEXOTTK, N. C
December 14, 1858.
H. LaF. ALEXANDER,
Attorney at Law , Charlotte, J. C.
Office over China Hall.
August 11. ."s. y
A. C. WILLIAMSON,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW,
Has taken an office jointly with J. A. Eos. Esq, up-stairs
nvxt door to the Court House, where he will be con
stantly present to attend to all calls on professional
business made for himself or for Mr Fox when he is
abrent.
January 4. ls'.o. tf
J. A. FOX,
Attorney
(rficr next il 'r l tit Court fiMf , f'ji-Stnirs
A. O. WILLIAMSON'. Esq., who is a joint occupant
of the office, and who will be uniformly present, will
attend to professional business for nie in my absence.
December Jl, lS.nS tf
I5i. FOX & WHITE,
Medicine and Siirprv.
r Office up Stairs in Springs1 Bnildinc.
f'.'j. FOX, M. 1). W. E. WHITE. M. D.
April 3, is;,s. 3-tf
ALL those indebted to the subscriber will make im
mediate settlement, or their Notes nnd Accounts
will be placed in other hands for collection.
April 3, ls.-.S. 3-tf C. J. FOX.
C. KELLEY &. J. L. GARDNER,
Commission Merchants,
And Dealers in lir- Goods, Groceries, Hardware,
Roots and Shot s, Hats and Caps, &C.,
Ncwbera, IV.
Prompt and personal attention given to the sale
of all kind-: of t 'orsTRY I'itonrcK.
April 2o. 158. Ij-pd
P. 8AUKS,
Architect and Builder,
Will furnish Designs, Plans and Drawings for Public
Buildings. Private Residences and Villas. Particular
attention will be paid to building Flouring Mills, Corn
Mills. Jfcc. Orricfl in 3d story of Alexander' Building,
front room, over China HalL
Charlotte, Oct. 19, 18jS.
ESECftAI asid CAKES.
Having secured the services of n No. 1 Baker, we are
now prepared to furnish the citizens of Charlotte, and
mankind in general, with something nice to eat.
fiSoT Weddings. Parties, it., iurni.-died at short no
tice to order and di-patch.
1st Door from the Court House.
HOUSTON k HUNTER.
Nov. 23. 1858. tf
Exclusively Wholesale
Brag, Paiut and Oil Warehouse.
3 ANTOS. WALKE z CO.. wholesale dealers
in DUl'CS ; Lamp, Machinery an
anil Paint OILS
Varnishes, Paints, .fee. &e.
No. 30, Iron front. i', st Mttrkrt Square,
X Oli FOLK, YA.
ty Onods shipped from New York, Philadelphia, or
Baltiin..re. to Charleston, when required.
November '., 1838. J
JONAS RUMSII J '7
Arckitret and Builder.
(DESIGNS FURNISHED AND BUILDINGS
CO .Ml LEU KI ON THE MOST REASON
ABLE TERMS, AND IN EVERY
STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE,)
On Collen,- street, corner of Ei'lhth street.
Charlotte, N. C.
WOULD most respectfully announce to the Citizens of
Charlotte and surrounding country, thai he still con
tinues the aboTC business in Charlotte, where he is
prepared t.. furnish DOORS, BLINDS AND SASH, to
-the public on the most reasonable terms, and on the
shortest notice.
Having a great many small claims for work done,
scattered all over the country, he is determined to
change his method of doing business and hereafter will
require CASH for all work done in his Machine
Shop, before removal.
Jan. 'jr.. 1858. tf
REMOVAL.
The nubs L liber has removed from Rudasil's to the
old Terres' stand, near to the Jail, where he is prepared
to do all kinds of work in his line, at short noticeandon
reason able terms. Repairing done at short notice and
for exceedingly low prices FOR CASH.
COFFINS made of any kiud of vood at short notice.
M. S. 0ZMENT. 1
I .
Jan.
LIFE INSURANCE.
flHE undersigned ns Agent will receive applications
lor Insurance m the A or Carolina, Mutual Life
Insurance Company.
This Company is the oldest in the State, and has
been in successful operation for several years. Its
rates are moderate, and all losses promptly adjusted.
Persons wishing to insure their own lives or the
lives of their Slaves, in this Company, w ill call at the
Office of-th,- Agent, at the Rank of the Stale.
CiY- SLAVES insured for TWO-THIRDS of their
VALUE.
TIIOS. W
Jan'y 11, 1S59. ly
DEWEY, Agent.
The Charlotte Mutual Fire Insur
ance Company,
CONTINUES to t.ske risks against loss by fire, on
Houses, Goods, Produce, Ac, at usual rates. Of
fice nearly opposite Kerr's Hotel.
Pre:- ident M. B. TAYLOR.
Vice President C. OVERMAN.
Sec'y & TreasY E. NYE HUTCHISON.
M. B. TAYLOR, C. OVERMAN,
J. L. CROWN, W M . JOHNSTON,
F. SCARR. 8. T. WKLSTON,
A. C. STEELE.
Exetutict Committee. JuoL Drown, S T Wriston, A C
Steele.
April 27, 1858. tf
BY J. B. Proprietor.
VERY ACCOMMODATION afforded the
latrons of the Charlotte Hotel.
At this Hotel is kept the line ofTri-woc klv
Stages from Charlotte via Monroe, N. C, and Lancaster
S. C, to Camden. S. C.
Patrons of the Charlotte Hotel conveyed to and from
the Depots free of charge.
Oct; 1. 1858. ' J. R. KERR.
.11 E K I, E !T S3 1 r U IS O H D S .
ISctcii jcr cent per aiaiaitssB.
These Bonds are undoubtedly the safest investment
that can be made, and are really preferable to any
State Bonds.
The County cannot repudiate. They bear seven per
cent interest payable .--nnuunlly, with Coupons for
the same. They are of the denomination of $1 00. which
will make them more current and useful for domestic
purposes. The coupons will prone a convenient
medium for pricing county taxes. The citizens of the
county should possess them, and they are now o He red to
them. P roposals lett at either I'auk in Charlotte or
with Stephen W. Davis w ill receive prompt attention.
ii. w. ca iON.
Sept 2S, ly.-8. Pres't. W., C. &. It. Railroad Co.
WHEAT WANTED.
The subscriber having purchased the Steam Flour
ing Mill in this place, is prepared to buy Wheat, for
which be will give the highest market price in cash.
Clour, IJiiin and Meal for sale at the Mill, or deliv
ered wherever desired in town.
JOHN WILKES.
Charlotte, August 10, 1853. 21-tf.
Ail Right Again!
I have commenced Butchering Reef again, and am
ready and wish to buy Reeves. Mutton and Pork, on
the hoof. I solicit, and hope to merit, the patronage o!
the town. W. A. COOK,
Aug. 24, 1858. 23-tf Town Butcher.
W 1 1 M I N GTON BRANCH.
3327- GOODS.
K A f! N Y E I L E R & BROTHERS
RKSPLCi ri'LLY inform the citizens of Charlotte
and the surrounding country that they have opened a
Store two doors from T. II. Bremlb Co's, where may
he found a large and extensive stock of Fancy and Sta
ple Dry Goods, Silks, Dress Goods. Embroideries, Bon
nets, Ladies' Cloaks, and Readymade Clothing, for
Gents, Youths and Hoys wear: Blankets, Kerseys, Roots.
Shoes. Hats, Caps, Trunks, Ac. Ac.
Wc are now daily receiving the most extensive and
best assortment of the above named goods that can bs
found in the State, and cheaper than any other House.
Having bought our entire stock for CASH, which
enables us to scUonrgoods 20 per cent cheaper. All per
sons wishing to save money in buying goods should bear
in mind not to forget to call on us before buying else
where. Wholesale buyers, particularly, should bear it
in mind to call at our store, second door from T. H.
Brem k Co.
In addition to our large stock wc have fitted up a
WHOLESALE ROOM for wholesale buyers.
DAVID KAI1N WEILER,
DAN IK L K A HNWRIL E R.
Nov. 0, 1858 JACOB KAHN WEILER.
(SROniRIIlS.
KAnNWEILER ft BROTHERS have just received,
in addition to their large stock of Dry Goods, a full
supply of GROCERIES.
Dec. 1-1, ld5rf.
RAILROAD NOTICE
TO COUNTRY MERCHANTS.
A'A'U". CHEAP AM KX I'KDl TL O US ROUTE
FUR FREIGHT FOR THE INTERIOR OF
NOR TU CA R OL IN. 1 .
Merchants and others about purchasing their Fall
and Winter supplies, are,repiested to notice that by the
completion of the North-Eastern Railroad from Char
leston. S. C. to Cheraw, the advantages of a cheap and
expeditious route from the seaboard has been opened
to them. All-Freight consigned to the Agent of ti e
North-Eastern Railroad will be forwarded free of com
mission. No charge will be made for storage at Che
raw: all Goods will be taken caje of in the Company's
Warehouse until sent for.
A schedule of charges w ill be found at the Post
Oflice.
S. S. SOLOMONS,
Aug. in, 1853. tf Eng. and Supt.
J. D. PALMER,
One Door above thr Bank of Charlotte,
Resiiectfullv informs the pub-
wCvw-fc-. lie that lie has just received
i - m
a sulcndid assortment of Cou-
fectiouerics, West India Fruits.
SEGARS
O- ol various urnuuf, uiviwuj; u
T ; I 4 .1 i 1-
smoking Tobacco, SnutT, it.
.N. ALSO,
a variety of Musical Instru
ments. Yankee Notions. &c.
A FINE LOT OF WILLOW WARE.
He is constautlv receiving fresh supplies of the above
Goods ftud many "other articles not enumerated.
CANDY MAmTfACTORT.
The subscriber is now manufacturing an excellent
article of Candy, free from poisonous coloring, unlike
the New York steam refined candy. Cll And see and
trT lt J. D. PALMER.
"November , 1?r tf - -
n. m. Dates & co.,
Offer a Large Stock of
GROCERIES,
AT WHOLESALE OR RETAIL.
1000 Sacks of Salt, (Patent sacks,)
44 Hhds. N ). Sugar, (new crop,)
8o Rbls. Stewart's Crushed Sugar,
20 " Crushed "
100 Rags Rio Coffee,
50 " 'Java and Jamaica CofTco,
20 Eagutoi "
5 il Maricabo "
a II hds. Cuba .Molasses,
75 libls. N. O. " (new crop.)
Call and examine, it' you want goods at Char
leston EitlCilS.
R. M. GATES & CO.
Feb. 1, 1859. 4G-.'it
IMPORT AIVT NOTICE.
E IT KNOWN generally that w e are selling off
our Stock of READY-MADE CLt)TII!NG. fcCR-
NISHTNG GOODS, &c, at considerably REDUCED
RATES in order to prepare for the Spring and Sum-
I mer trade : so our
FRIENDS
Will come forward and avail themselves of the rare
opportunity of supplying their wants out of our splendid
stock of cloth, castor beaver, Hudson Ray Fur, Tracot
Cassi mere and seal-skin Over-Sacks, Raglans and
Frocks; also, all grades of sattinet and cassiiuere Busi
ness Coats, at less prices than vou
PAY
At any other House in the State. Our advantages for
getting Goods and keeping up the stock are unequalled
as is well known throughout the country, hence we
deem it unnecessary to rehearse them, but will assure
you that you will iind it to
YOUR
Interest to call and examine our stock before buying
elsewhere.
You will also find at the Clothing Emporium quite
an extensive stock of all qualities of Black and Fancy
cassi merC Pants. Black Silk and Satin Vests, Fancy
Velvet and cassiincre do.; also a variety of j nj,.Kt.
N'iiP' ."Oj-; i JiwO '&. gents and ladies' Trunks.
Valises, carpet Rags ; Roots and Shoes, und many
things tootedious to take an
ACCOUNT
of, that are always found in u Gouts' Furnishing House.
WE return our sincere thanks to our friends for their
kindness and patronage
For 1858,
And we hope by attention to business and keeping the
best and cheapest stock of clothing in the State, to
merit a continuance of the same for 1859.
Fullings, Springs & o.
Jan. 10, 1859.
SCAER & CO.,
No. 4, Trade Street, Charlotte, N. C,
NVITEthe attention of Physicians.
Planters, Merchants, kt, to their NEW
and complete stock of DREGS, CHEMI
CALS, &c. The extensive patronage thev
have received from the Physicians of Char
lotte and i'.s vicinity is the best guarantee
of the PL'R'TY OF THE DRUGS sold by
it be m.
January 1. lsf.9.
Tilden's
Fluid Extracts.
SCARR & CO. call the attention of the Medical Pro
fession to these elegant Preparations so admirably suit
ed for the extemporaneous prepration of Tinctures.
Syrups, Wines, &c, securing the desirable object of
uniformity of s'rength.
No Physician should be without them.
For sale at SCARR k CO S
Jan. 23. 18"9. Drugstore, Charlotte.
To Physicians.
Dr. Ch u n it ill's new Remedies for Consumption.
PyPP''osphites ,,f Soda and Potash. Also, Com
pound Syrup of the II vpophosphites. at
SCARR & CO.,
Dec. 21. Charlotte Drug Store.
SKES! SKEWS!!
LANDRKTirs NEW CROl' GARDEN SEEDS,
Just received a full supply of these celebrated Seeds
direct from Eaudreth's, embracing every variety of
Vegetable Seeds. With
Asparagus Plants by the hundred, and
VICTORIA RHl'HAHH ROOTS. .
Also PLOVER SEEDS 20 choice varieties.
SCARR & CO.,
Dec. 21. Charlotte Drug Store.
Window Glass,
Puttv, Whiting, Oil. Varnishes, Dye-stuffs, Paints. &c,
Low for cash by. SCARR & CO,
Jan 2:th Druggists.
NOTICE.
My accounts are in the hands of J0AI5 P. SMITH for
settlement. Those indebted to nie must settle by the
first of January, 1859.
II. If. PRITCHARD.
Nov. 23, 1858.
30-tf.
Wilmington. Charlotte fit Rutherford
Rail Road Company.
It is ordered by the Roard of Directors that the
eight instalment of ten per cent upon the capital stock :
ot this Compauy be called in. and that the same be due
and payable on" the 7th of February, 1850; that the
ninth instalment of ten ptr.eeni.be called in and be due
and payahle on the 2n.' day of'May, 1S"0: and that the
loth and last installment office per eent be due and
parable on the 2nd of August, 1859. 1 -
II. W. GFION, President.
January 10, 13'0 Gv.
50
OrVCES" OF OLD SILVER WANTED
at J. G. WILKINSON & CO S.
No. 5, Granite Range. j
Jan. 4. 1859
I.AM) FOR SALE.
Two Huudrc: Acres of fine funning Land, lying on
the line of the Charlotte, and South Carolina Railroad,
is offered for sale. Terms will be made accommodating.
For further particulars apply to
V SAM'L. A. HARRIS.
December 28, 1S5S. tf
Smut Machines,
Of A. Dickson's make
at aitnccKn ceits.
Augu.-rf 17..1S5
constantly' on hand and for sale
Y H. 15 P. EM k CO.
:,r. -n a i'- ' suuca a ,
mm
mm
TAP i nA PVT TTT I) V
iUUilUVU VjLLlUilL.
At the re ntest of some agricultural friends we
copy from the Pateut Office Report the following
Essay on the culture afitLsmanagemcnt of Tobacco,
by W. W. Bowie, Esq., of Maryland:
"A rich loam is the soil for tobacco tilants.
The spot selected for a bed should be the south
side of a gentle elevation, as well protected as pos- weeks, going eacn tuueiacross tne xoryicr woKing.
siblc by woods or shubbery a warm spot mel- Any grass growing neaf the root of the plants
WW ground, perfectly pulverized. After a thorough should be pulled out by hand. As soon as the
burning of brush and tobacco stalks' mixed, dig tobacco has bec mc too large to work without in
deep, and continue to dig. rake, and chop, until jurying the leeves by the swingle-tree, the hoes
every clod, root, and stone be removed; then level should pass through it, drawing a little earth to
the pulverize nicely with the rake. Mix one gill
I of seed for every ten square yards, with a quart or
! half gallon of plaster or sifted ashes to every half-
! pint of seed, and sow it reg.tlarljr, in the same
1 manner that gardners sow small seeds, only with a
heavier hand. If the bed be sown early, it ought
j to be covered with brush free from leaves; but" it
; is not necessary to cover them after the middle of
!
March. Tobacco beds may be r-own at any time
-
during the winter if the ground be not too wet or
frozen. The best time for sowing is from the 10th
to the 20th Of March, although it is safest to sow
at intervals, whenever the land is in fine order for
: working. Never sow unless the land be in good
order, for the work will be thrown away if the
land be too moist, or be not perfectly prepared.
The beds must be kept free from grass or weeds,
until thev are no lomrer needed, and the crrass i
mnt hr t.inl-nd nut n nri nf n thno Lv tho finr.
ok Tt i n tnrb'oiici !in(f triiklininf. nnemtinn
therefore planters should be very careful not to
use anv manures on their beds which have
seeds or weeds in thefti. After the plants are up
they should receive a slight top-dressing of manure
once a week, sown broadcast by the hand. This
manure should be composed of half a bushel of un
leaehed ashes, (or 1 bushel of burnt turf,) 1
bushel of fresh virgin Woods earth, 1 gallon of
piaster, half a gallon of s.ot, 1 quart of salt dis
solved in 2 gallons of liquid from barn-yard, and 4
lbs. of pulverized sulphur, the whole well inter
mixed. Let n large tjuar.tity be got together early
in the winter and put away in barrels for use when
wanted. This and other such mixtures have been
found efficacious in arresting the ravages of the
fly, both from the frequent dusting of the plants
and the increased vigor which it imparts to them,
thereby enabling the plant the sooner to get out of
that tender state in which the Uy is most destruc
tive to it. The fly is a small black insect, some
what like the ilea, and delights in cold, dry, harsh
weather, but disappearing With the mild showers
and hot sun of opening summer. If possible, the
plants should stand in the bed from half an inch
to an inch a part, and it they are too thick they
must be raked when they have generally become
as large as a five or ten cent piece. 'J he rake pro-
per for the purpose should be a small e mmun rake
with iron teeth, 3 inches long, curved at the points
teeth flat, and three-eighths of an inch wide, and
set half an inch apart.
Aftkh-Ci ltuue, &c. The soil best adapted to
the growth of tobacco is a light friable soil, or
what is commonly called a sandy loam, not to flat,
but rolling undulating land not liable to drown
in excessive rains. New land is far belter than
old. Ashes are decidedly superior to any other
i'ertilizcr for tobacco. Theory and practice unite
in sustaining this assertion. The land intended
for tobacco should be well ploughed in April,
taking care to turn the turf completely under,
and subsoiling any portion that may be very stifi
and likely to hold water near the surface, and let
the land be well harrowed directly after the break
ing it up; it should then be kept clean, light, and
well pulverized by occasional working with culti
vators and large harrows so as to not disturb the
turf beneath the surface. When the plants are of
good size for transplanting and the ground in good
order for their reception, the land, or so much as
can be planted in a "season," should be "scraped,"
which is done by running parallel furrows with a
small seeding; plough, two and a half feet apart,
and then crossing these again at right angles, pre
serving the Batne distance; which leaves the ground
divided into checks or squares of two and a half or
three feotnch. The hoes are then put to work
and the hili is formed by drawing the two front
angles of the square into the hollow or middle,
and then smoothed on the top and patted by one
blow of the hoe. The furrows must be run shallow,
for the hills should be low and well levelled off on
the top, and, if possible, a slight depression near
the centre, so as to collect the water near the plant.
The first fine rain thereafter, the plants should
i i n .i i i , i ....
hj nninrr'fi from the spffl hr-ds. aillf one CaieiUllV ;
planted in each hill. A brisk man can ll!ant :
mm plants per day. The smaller or weaker
hands, with baskets filled with plants, precede the !
planters and drop the plants on the hill. In
drawing the plants from the bed, and in carrying
them to the ground, great care should be taken ;
not to bruise or smash them They ought to be !
put in baskets or barrels, if removed in carts, so '
that not many should be in a heap together. The
plants should never le planted deeper than when
they stood in the bed. -
Di j i jL -L..4. Jma r.n
Planting is done by seizing the plants tlropt on
.i. ii -l i c. t i JL:ix firwtot. af
the hill with the left hand, while with one linger ot
the right hand a hole is made in the. centre of the
hill, and the root of the plant is put in with the
left while the dirt is well closed about the roots
n . j, nf ti. :,ri.t
by pressing the forefinger and thumb ot tne rignt
ii ei -1. rii. ..i.:.;,.
nauu on eacn siue oi uie umin, iomux v; .j
.i n , , .i -t;, ,.rVv ront Tf
the earth well about the ,xttoui ol the root, lt
T i t -M. o,,. clwuiM l.o wbnrt
sticks are used to plant with, thev should be snort,
i.i i . A 1 1 t n.w;nl;ir nt frt n.nl-o
and the planter should be patticular not to make
the hole too deep. The plants should be carefully
planted, for if the roots are put in crooked and
bent up, the plant mav live, but will never flour-
i i i v i f will
eh, and perhajis, when too late to rtpfant, it win
die, and then all the labor will be of no avail. In
three or four days it mav be weeded out, that is,
the hoes are pawed near the plants, and the hard
crust, formed on the hills pulled awav, and the
edges of tbc hill pulled down in the furrows; this
is easily done if performed soon after planting,
but if delavcd, and the ground gets grassy, it will
then be found a verv troublesome operation. Af-
trr -HnutfftA- out, put a taWospounfuL, or a gill if
it be preferred, of 'equal pa its of plaster aud ashes
well mixed, upon each plant. In a few days, say
a week or less time, rnn a small plough through it,
coin" twice ju a row. TIob is a delicate operation
and ronuires a steadv horse and a skillful dIouu-Ii-
man, for without great care the plants will be
knocked up or be killed by the working. In a
week after, the tobacco cult tea (or or slioiel must be
used. Either implement is valuable at this stage
of the crop. But once in a row is often enough
for either cultivator or 1 shovel to pass. The erop
can now be made with their use by working the
tobacco once a week or teu day, for four or five
phftfM when required, and level tne lurrows
caused by the cultivator and shovel. Let this
hoeing be well done, and the crop wants no more
working. Care should be taken to leave the land
as level as possible, for level culture is most gener-
: ally best. When it blossoms, the best plants ought
I to be selected for seed; one hundred plants being
enough to save for seed te sow a crop of 4U,0UU
-i ait.i .till j.. . 1 f
pounds, ah tne rest snouiu oe "toju Pevorc
.1 11 -! 1 il l
tney oiossom inueeu, as soon as me oiossom is
fairly formed. It should be tojt down to the
! leaves that are six inches long, if early in the
j season, but if late, top still lower. If the season
j be favorable, in two weeks alter a plant nas been
font" it will be fit for "cutting," yet it will not
suffer by standing longer in the field. Erom this
stage of the crop until it is in the house, it is a
ouree of solicitude and vexation to the planter
I He i fearful of storms, of frost, and worms, his
! worst eneuiv thev come in crowds "their name
is Legion" and the "tuckers" are to be pulled off
and the "(round leuves," are to be saved. The
"suckers" ought to be pulled off when tJmy get
three or four inches long, they spring out abun
dantly from each leaf where it joins the stalk.
"Ground leaves" are those leaves at the bottom of
the plant which become dry on the stalk, and
ought to be gathered early in the morning when
they will not crumble.
The worms ought to be pulled off and killed as
fast as they appear, or they will soon destroy the
erop. Turkeys are of great assistance in destroy
ing these insects; they eat them and kill thousands
wheh tliey do not cat, for it seems to be a cherish
in": amusement of the turkey to kill worms on to
bacco they grow passionately fond of it they
kill for the love of killing. There are every yeai
two "alii.?," as they are called hy planters; the
first attacking the plants about the time that they
are ono-third or half grown, the other comes en
when the tobacco is ready for cutting. The first
can easily be subdued with a good supply of tur
keys, and if then, they are effectually destroyed,
the second jlnt will be very easy to maHage, for
it is the opinion of many intelligent and expert
j enced planters that the greater portion of the first
glut reappear the same year as Jlorn-hloucrs and
: breed myriads. When the second army of worms
makes its appearance, the tobacco is generally
large that turkeys do but little good. The only
method then to destroy them is to begin in time,
start when they are being hatched, and keep up a
stiict watch upon them, going over the whole field
plant by plant, and breaking the eggs kdhng
such as may be seen, aud by constant attention
during each morning and evening to this business
a'oue, with the whole force of the farm, they may
be prevented from doing mucli, harm. When
they disappear the second time, there is no more
cause of trouble. When the plant begins to yel
low, it is time to put it away, lt is cut off close
to the ground by turning up the bottom leaves
and striking with a tobacco knife, formed of an
old scythe such knives as often are used for cut
ting corn. Let it lay on the ground for a short
time to "fall" or wilt, and then carry it to the to
bacco house, when it may be cut awav in three
different modes, by "peytjina" "sjiearivg,
w t ur
and
".splitting." "J egging" tobacco is the neatest aud
best mode, yet the slowest, lt is done by driving
little pegs, about six inches long and half an inch
or less square, into the stalk about four inches
from the big end of the stalk; hook on the sticks
in the house. It is then put ou a "horse" which,
by a rope fixed to one corner, is pulled up in the
house, and there hung upon the sticks, which are
regulated at proper distances. A "tobacco horse"
is nothing more than three small sticks nailed to
gother so as to form a tri-angle, each side being
three or four feet long. Spearing is the plan I
pursue, because it is neat enough and decidedly
the quickest plan. A rough block with a hole
morticed in it, and a little fork a few inches from
the hole for the tobacco sticks to rest upon, one
end being in the hole, with a spear on the other
cnu ot trie buck; is an tne apparatus rauuireu.
1
1 ( , 1 i XJ . I- . . 1
J he plant ,s then w,th both hands run over the
? ,and thu stunS UP" the stick, which when
take th; hous d P at. ",1C
J here r "dart-ars, like the Ind.au dart m
d "round-spears; either, however, will
answer.
"Splitting" tobacco is admired by many who
contend that it cures brighter, certainly quicker,
and less likely to house-burn or injury from too
thick hanging. This mode is pursued easily by
simply splitting, with a knife made for the pur-
pose, the plant from the ton to within a few inches
f i . f ( .
of the bottom, before it is cut down for housing,
-f
Care should be taken not to break the leav cs whtle
Je g - TJ knift for splitting may
Jf gly described by saying ,t is a miniature spade.
It can be easily made out ot an old pcythe blaue,
. . J j
inserted in a cleft white oak handle with its
.
cages bevelled off to the blade, so that it acts as a
r
wedge to the descending knife. Alter the tobacco
. j i - j a a i
is spilt, cut down, and carried to the house, it is
t ' J . . . . ,,
straddled across he sticks and hung up. lhe
ieks are generally supported by folks driven ,
the ground near the heap of tobacco for greater
convenience to the person putting on the piauts.
r r o i
Tobacco sticks are small round sticks, or are
split out like laths, and are one inch square, or one
and a half inches squaTc, usually larger at one cud
than the other, and they should be ci'ht or ten
inches longer than the joists of the tobacco house
are wide apart. If the tobacco is of good wze, hix
or seven plants are enough on a fuor-foot stick.
When first hung up, the sticks should be a foot or
fifteen inches apart. As the tobacco cures they
may be pushed up closer. After a house is filled,
some planters put large fires undei it, as soon as
it turned follow, and by hot fires it is dried at
, once aud does not change color, unless to increase
its brightness; but "ring" gives it a smoky smell
nnd taste and is therefore not much liked by
buyers. The better plan is to have sulticient
house-room and hnng it thin in houses not too
1 large, which have windows and doors so as to ad
mit light nnd dry air, and by closing them in bad
weather, exclude the rain and dampness, which
materially damage the tobacco, besides injuring the
color of it. After becoming dry and well cured,
the stem of the leaf being fiec from sap, the first
mild damp spell of weather it will become soft and
pliant, and then be stript off the stalk. It is first
pulled or taken off the sticks and put in piles, then
the leaves arc stiipt off" and tieil in bundles of about
I one;fifth or sixth ofa lb. in each. The bundle la
formed by wrapping a leaf around the upper part
: of the handful of leaves, for about four inches, and
1 tucking the end in the middle of the bundle, by
, way of confining it. There ought, if tha quality
I of the crop will permit, to be four sorts of tobaceo,
"Yellow," "liright," "Dull" nnd "Second."
When the tobacco is taken down, the "cutlers" tako
each plant and pull oft" the defective and trashy
ground and worm-eaten leaves that are next to the
big end of the stalk, and then throw the plant to
the next person, who strips off all the bright leaves
(nnd if there be any yellow leaves, he lays them on
one side until ho has got enough to make a bun
dle,) and throws the plant to the next, who tnkos
off all the rest, being the "dull;" and the respective
strippers ns they get enough leaves in hand, tie op
the bundles and throw them separatofor convenience
in bulking. Stripping should never bo done in
dry, or harsh weather, unless the tobacco is
bulked up almost as fast ns it is stript. The best
plan is not to tako down more than you can con
veniently tie up in a lew hours; but if the planter
chooses he may take down a large quantity and put
it in bulk, stalk nnd all, cover it with tobacco
sticks, and it will keep many days, so that, no mat
ter how the weather be, he can strip'out of the
bulk. However, this is a very bad, wasteful way.
Tob.ieco should not he too moist, or "high" as it is
termed, when put in the sfalk-bulks, or it will got
warm, the leaves stick to the stalk, get a bad smell
and change color ; besides, if lef t too long it will
rot. To "bulk ' tobaceo requires judgment nnd
neatness. Two lo;s should be laid parallel to each
otlrer about thirty inches apart; and the space be
tween them filled with sticks, for the purpose of
keeping the tobacco from the dampness of lhe
ground. The bundles are then taken out oho at tt
time, sprea ! out and smoothed down, which is
most conveniently done by putting it against the
breast and stroking the leaves downward smooth
and straight with the right baud. It is then pass
ed two bundles at a time to the man bulking,
lie takes them, lays them down and pressor them
with his hands; they are laid two at a time-in tt
etiaight line the broad part of the bundles
slightly projecting over the next two, and two
rows of bundles are put in a bulk, both rows car
i ied on together, the heads being on the outside
and the tails just lapping tine over the other in
regular succession. The 'bulk," when carried up
to a convenient height, should have a lew sticks
laid on the lop to keep it in place, lt must often
be examined, and if getting warm, it ought to be
immediately changed and laid down in another
bulk, of les height, and not pressed as it -is laid
down; this i;s called "wind-rowing;" being loose and
open, it .admits the air hetween the rows of bundles,
hence the-term. The next process in this troublesome
but beautiful Crop is to "condition'' It. for pecking.
The bright, yellow, and second tobacco will condition
host most generally in such bulks as I have just de
scribed, but it is best to hr'iig up the dull as soon al
most as stript. lt'the bright or seconds do uot dry
thoroughly in the bulks, that should also be hung up in
the house to become well dried. To properly hnng up
tobacco to condition, small-sized sticks should be pro
cured, and each one nicely smoothed with the drawing
knife and kept for that purpo e. A Her it has puce been
perfectly dry either hanging up pr in bub s so dry that
the heads are easily kTiftHreu off n;id the shoulders of
the bundles crack upon presure like pipc-utcui& it
should be taken down, or, if in bulks, removed the first
soft giving spell of, weather, as uoon as it is suit and
yielding enough, as it will become, to handle without
crumbling or breaking, and it must be put in four, six,
or eight, row bulks of any convenient length snd height,
the higher the better laid dow n clo.-.c so that as little
of the leaves or shoulders us possible shall he exposecd
on the ontsido of the bulks. When completed, put
sticks and logs of w od, k : on the top, o as to
weigh it dowu. Here it will keep sweet and in nice or
der for pricking at any tithe; no matter what the weath
er may be; if it Was conditioned properly, it will not
change a particle while in the condition bulk. Mild,
soft. pleasHiit weather is best to pack tobacco in.
Having now got our tobacco irr good order, our priz
and hogsheads ready, the first mild day that we can
spare; wc proceed to packing. Let me lw;rc observe
that while putting the tobacco in condition bulk, idl
the bundle- that were tuft, or had uu ill . iuell. ought to
be laid a.dde to be made sweet and dry, by a few hours'
exposure to tne sun. The seme precaution ir.uet be
obs rved while lacking. In putting the tobacco in the
hogshead for pccki.ig, a man gel tu.ldo, shoes oil, und
lays one bundle at a time iu a circle, beginning in the
middle, and eacii circle is extended until the outer
circle touches the 4tdvf of the hogshead; a single row
of bundles is then h'id all round the edge on the heads
of the last circle, then cro-8 the bofrbbe&d in parellel
vows, the middle being always itiiptd a littlu higher
tbaa the outer edge. This is called a course, and these
courses are continued until the hogsheud he filled.
The man who is packing presses with his knees e"h
bundle, in each course, as he lays it, and often Stands
upon his feet and tramp heavily but cautiously ai!
round aud acros. so as to get iu a much as possible.
This concluttaf! the almost cea?cjesss round of kobor
that is necessary to prepare for market this important
staple of our country. It will be seen that 1 have en
deavored to be explicit r.nd plain ns possible, and
hare studied the geAUM simplicity of style, supposing
that to be the most suitable 10 the subject under coa
sideration. KiiorKiNd AiTAMt. -At Huntingdon, Tcun.,
ou the l'nh ult., Ihinjauiin Kvans and his wife
went, out to visit a sick neighbor, leaving their t o
children, a son and a da ugh tor two yeans old, Jast
asleep. They had been absent about on hour,
when they discovered their own house in flames.
In a few minutes they were on the spot, but could
give no relief to the c hildren, the roof was already
fallen in. and the house in a light blav all aromid.
The children wi re burnt to ashes in Fight of thefr
mother. The fire is believed to be the work of
inec.'idiaries, and men of names of Higgs and
Ethxrridge were under arrest at the date of our
informant's letter.
. 'Toe??"cks", describing a New York boarding
house. ?:iys you c:in nlw-ivs tell when they get a
new hired gul by tho coLr of the hair iu the bis-
is-.-o
)t 1-tf