O HT" IP ICE ON THE WEST SIDE OF TRADE STREET S3 per annum - IN ADVANCE. CHARACTER IS AS IMPORTANT TO STATES AS IT IS TO INDIVIDUALS, AND THE GLORY OF THE ONE IS THE COMMON PROPERTY OF THE OTHER. WUMkM Jo YATES, Eitok Ad Propmetor. CHARLOTTE, N. C, TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 1859. SEVENTH VOLUMENUMBER S52. THE WES? BEffiDTJMT, (Published every Tuesday, BY YVM. J. YATES, EnrroB and Proprietor. Edwin A. Vates, Associate Editor. 'J: . j . IIkj . ? If paid in advance $2 00 If paid within :s months 2 50 If paid after tbe expiration of the year, 3 00 ajjjp An- uersoa Bending us five nkw subscribers, ftrrotupaaied hy tho ad vane subscription ($10) will receive sixth copy gratis for one year. fegT Snbseribers and others who may wish to send wwii'. v to as, can do so by mail, at our risk. o Hales of .Idrirlisinff : Oae square of 14 lines or les,s, for ;i months, $ 4 00 .. " j " G 00 . u " " 12 " 10 00 One square, or less, first insertion $ 1 00 Each subsequent insertion 25 m f Transient advertisements must he paid for in advance. tytff- Fur announcing Candidates for Offiec, 5 in ad ane. Advertisements not marked on the manuscript f..r a specific time, n ill be inserted until forbid, and Charged accordingly. ,g. .l-.'L -.-111. JiJABMM ROBERT GIBBON, H. D pit A CXI TIOXER OF MEDICINE AND Office So. - Irtci' corner, CHARLOTTE, N. C. December 1 I, 1 838. A. C. WILLIAMSON, ATTTORXEY AND COUXSELLOR A T LA W, Has taken an office jointly with J. A. Fox, Esq, ap-staira est door to the Con rt House, where he will be con ttaatlr present to attend to all rails on professional business made for himself or fur Mr Fox when he is absent. January 4. l.sr.O. tf J. A. FOX, Attorney t T-m,-w9 (Mnec next l or to the Court , Up-Stmirs A. C. WILLIAMSOX, Esq., who is a joint occupant aftbe office, and who will be uniformly present, will attrnd o rofrssional business for me in my absence. December 21, 1858 tf DRS. FOX & WHITE, i i ss $ m . i. Pfflsn Medicine and Sirger?. f-w"" Opkk k uj Stairs in Springs' Building. C.J. FOX. M. I). W. E. WHITE, M. D. April ::. 1858. 3-tf WOTIC F. Ui those indebted to the subscriber will make im mediate settlement, or their Notes and Accounts will he placed in other hands for collection. April :t, 1858. 3-tf C. I. FOX. C. KELLEY dt J. L. GARDNER, Commission Merchants, Ati'l Dealers in Dry Goods, Groceries, Hardware, Bouts and Shoes, Nats and Caps, Ac, rfewbero, X F. fc-JT- Prompt and personal attention given to the sale of all kinds of t'oiMitY Paooirca. -"ixi April 2o. lsr.S. I -1 t P. SAMS, Architect anil BiiiBilcr, Will furnish Designs, Plans and Drawings for Public Buildings, Private Residences and Villas. Particular attention will le paid to building Flouring Mills, Corn Mills, kc, Okkh k ill ::l story ot Alexander's Buildiug, front room, over China Hall. Charlotte, Oct. 19, 1858. EDWARD LYNES, IMPORTER AND DEALER IN Hardware, Cutlery, (aim, Xv.. 4s WARREN ST., George Lynes. NEW YORK. ; B59. 3m-pd. LiND FOR SALE. on Tuesday the 26lli uf April next, (being lb week of Count? Court,) I will sell at the Court House door in Charlotte, 218 ACRES OF LAND lying on the waters of Long Creek in Mecklenburg coun ty, eight miles west of Charlotte, known as the Cathcy tract, and adjoining the lands of James Bcatty, Nancy Cathcj and others. This Land is superior for farming purposes, hut is more highly prised for the valuable pine Timber there on. There is a Saw Mill within one mile of the tract, and the line of the Wilmington, Charlotte and Rutherford Railroad run- within one-fourth of a mile of it. Term-: Twelve months credit note and approved cenrity required. VM. J. HAYES. Executor of Catharine Hayes. February 8, 1859 ;ua JONAS RUDISILL7 Architect and Builder. (DESIGNS FURNISHED AND BUILDINGS COMPLETED ON THE MOST RE VSON ABLE TERMS, AND IN EVERY STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE,) On Colby str,et, fewer of Eighth strtet. Charlotte, N. C. WOULD most respectfully announce to the Citizens of Charlotte and surrounding country, that be still con tinues the above business in Charlotte, where he is prepared to furnish DOORS, BLINDS AND BASH, to the public on the most reasonable terms, and on the shortest notice. Having a great many small claims for work done, Mattered all over the country, he is determined to change his method of doing business and hereafter will require CASH for all work dune in his Machine Shop, before removal. Jan. '.". l,;,s. tf REMOVAL. The subscriber has removed from Radasil'a to the old Terres' stand, near to the Jail, where he is prepared U do all kinds of work in his line, at short notice and on reasonable term-. Repairing done at short notice and Of exceedingly low prices FOR CASH. COFFIN'S made of any kind of wood at short notice. M. S. OZMENT. T. H. BREM & CO., WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN British, French and American Dry C3rOQc3Ls, Carpets, Hardware, Hats and Shoes, Charlotte, X. C. THOMAS II. P.REM, J. A. SADLER, Jr. T. LAFAYETTE ALEXANDER. Nov 9, 1858. 8CAEE & CO., Driii! A FheEseiKts, No. 4, Trade Street, Charlotte, N. C, N V I T E the attention of Physicians, Planters, Merchants, &c, to their NKW and complete stock of DRUGS, CHEMI- ICALS, tc. The extensive oatronasre thev have received from the Physicians of Char lotte and its vicinity is the best guarantee of the PL KIT V OF THE DKI CS sold In them. January 1. 1K59. Tilde n's Fluid Extracts. SCARi: CO. call the attention of the Medical Pro fession to these elegant Preparation- so admirably suit ed for the extemporaneous prepration of Tinctures, Syrups, Wines. Jfcc, securing the desirable object of uniformity of srength. No Physician should be without them. For sale at SCAUP k COS Jan. 23. S7'J. Drue Store, Charlotte. To Physicians. Dr. OtturehilCs new Remedies for (.'onsnmptlon. Hypophosphites of Soda and Potash. Also, Com pound Syrup of the Hypopbosphites, at SCARR .v CO., Dec. 21. Chartotte Drug Store. SEEDS ! SEEDS!! LANDRETMTS SEW CHOI' GARDEX SEEDS, Just received a full supply of these celebrated Seeds direct from Landreth's, embracing every variety of Vegetable Seeds. With Asparagus Plants by the hundred, and VICTORIA RHUBARB ROOTS. Also FLOWER SEEDS-" choice varieties. SCARR .v. CO., Pec. 21. C'horhti,' Drug Store. Window Glass, Putty, Whiting, Oils. Varnishes. Dye-stuffs, Paints, kc Low for cash by SCARR CO, Jan 2."th Druggists. ES1SE:AI and C AKES. Having secured the services of a No. 1 Baker, we are now prepared to furnish the citizens of Charlotte, and mankind in general, with something nice to -Nit. tSf Weddings, Parties, c. furnished at short no tice to onler and dispatch. 1st Door from the Court House. HOUSTON k HUNTER. Nov. 23, 1838. tf Exclusively Wholesale Dreg, Pain I and Oil Warehouse. yANTOS, WALKE & CO., wholes ale dealers in DRUGS; Lamp, .Machinery and Paint OILS: Varnishes, Paints, fcc. Ac. No. 36. Irtmromt. West tiJf, Market Sqttare, SOU FOLK, YA. fg Goods shipped from New York, Philadelphia, or Baltimore, to Charleston, when required. November !, lt:8. V SEW STORK AT DAVIDSON COLLEGE. S. FRANKENTHALL & CO. Take pleasure in informing the citizens of Davidson College and surrounding country, that they have open ed a Branch store at the stand formerly occupied by Helper & Henderson, w here they will always keep on hand a larjre stock, consisting of Dry G-oods, Ready-made Clothing, Moots. Shoes, Hats, Caps, Hardware, Groceries, kc. Jfcc. which they will sell at Charlotte prices. February 8, 1850 m LAND FOR SALE. Two Hundred Acres of fine farming Land, lying on the line of the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad, is offered for sale. Term-' will l.e made accommodating. For further particulars apply to SAM'L. A. HARRIS. December 2$, IS.'S. tf ast Notice. Ml tbo-e who are indebted to Thos. Trotter k Son or Thos. Trotter, either by note or account are reques ted to come forward by" April Court and settle up, us f-Jher indulgence cannot I, given. TPOTTKIL V,Y J. B. KERR, Proprietor. -ar VERY ACCOMMODATION affordedthc M-A patrons of the Charlotte Hotel. At this Hotel is kept the line ofTri-weekly mm Stages from Charlotte via Monroe, .V L .. and Lancaster S. C, to Camden, S. C. Patrons of the Charlotte Hotel conveyed to ana trom the Depots free of charge. Oct. 1, 1853. J B- KhUK- FEIALK IXORHAIi SCHOOL., High Point, N. C Railroad, 15 Mite W of Greensboro'. REV N M. RAY. Principal, with efficient Assistants. The object of this Institution is to provide for the thorough education of young ladies, and as an addition al feature to qnalify such of them as may desire it tor the avocation of teaching. . Its next session will open in the new Brick Building recently purchased by the undersigned. The building is simatcd in a beautiful grove, on a commanding emi nence, and has a sufficient number ot well-furnished rooms to accommodate 100 hoarding pupils- e shall have Lectures and experiments in Natural Science by an experienced instructor. Board, and furnished rooms with nre-places, fuel, &c SG per month. English Branches. $6 to ? la per Session Languages and Ornamentals on reasonable terms. Board and half the Tuition required in advance The Proprietor, Teachers and Pupils dwell together and eat at the same table. , . , ,. , gr Young ladies of limited means will he credned for Tuition until they can teach and pay tor it. Situa tions guarantied to such. For fnU information, address LANGDON, Jan. 35, 1859. 2m Proprietor. MawhX HuJl's and Chaae's TRUSSES, single and dou.de, huge YUTCUISOS ft CO. THE OLD STAGE COACH. The good old times when our fathers rode In safety by the stage, Have passed before the onward march Of this progressive age; And now, no goodly coaeh-and-four Rolls down before the stage-house door. How rang the laugh, the jest, the joke, As all together rode, Coached up in friendly jollity, Like hoys of one abode; The weary miles seemed shorter then, And tints we rode o'er hill and glen. Nigh half the pleasures of the way Were appetite and fare; Tin's, gathered from "mine host's" full board, Thai, from tbe mountain air; Oh then ! light went Life's flowery ways, They ended with our staging days. How proudly down the village street Through noise and dust it goes; The boys "about" cried "Cut behind:" The driver "Here he goes;" The gallant landlord took his stand, To press the alighting traveler's hand. Oh ! that was music when at morn, As winding round by yon old mill, The driver blow his long stage horn, And echo answered from the hill; No echoing horn, nor prancing team, Is heard amid this "age of steam," Rut now beneath some shattered shed, The old stage coach neglected stands, Its curtains flapping in the wind, The ghost of Ruin's waving hands; While on the wheels the gathering rust, Proclaims the fatal "dust to dust." White in the fields their scattered bones, Or on the common turned to die, Their "tiiiis" all o'er, their routes all run, The wheelers and the leaders lie; The driver's pride and glory gone, And he "like one who stands alone." ooUiofaoinair store. J. D. PALMER, One Door above the Bank of Charlotte, Respectfully informs the pub "j. Ur t,1:lt ll( has just received i 'xry a splendid assortment of Con- V ; ''-'iM 't'Q. fcctioneries'''VVestIndiaFruits L-- y .jgfr-i- " sniokiug lobaceo, Snuff, kc. VO' 'iP a variety of Musical Instru ments, Yankee Notions, kc. A FINE LOT OP WILLOW WARE. He is constantly receiving fresh supplies of the above Goods and many other articles not enumerated. CAXDY MAM FACTORY. The subscriber is now manufacturing an excellent article of Candy, free from poisonous coloring, unlike the New Yoik steam refined candy. Call and see and tn it. " J. D. PALMER. November 0, IS.'S tf SPLENDID assortment of FRENCH CANDIES; Desfilles, kc, lor Dies dug Cakes, at J. I). PALMER S. 5000 HAVANA ORANGES, Just received ai J. D. PALMER'S Feb. S, 18,")0. Confectionery. 7 CASES Pure SMYRNA FIGS, zS for sale low for cash, at J. 1). PALMER'S " EST INDIA FRUITS, PRESERVES, Pickles, Brandy Peaches, kc, at J. D. PALMER'S. tm liBLS. NEW YORK APPLES, low lor cash, at J. 1). PALMER'S. LOWRTE'S X s ssa I receive all the New Pub lications as fast as they come for ward from the Press; and keep constantly on hand a large lot of School, Academy and College TENT-ROOKS, and many useful reference and recreative works. I also keep a very large stock of Stationery, plain and fancy. Having made an arrangement with the Southworth Paper Manufacturing Company, I am en abled to sell paper at the same prices by the whole sale f()r which it can be bought in the Northern cities, freight added. . P- J LOWR1E. Eeb. 1859. H'CW Book. History of Frederick the Great, by Thos. Cariile. Mizpah: Prayer and Friendship, by L. C. Loomis. Cocutship ani Matrimony, with other Sketches, by Robert Morris. Tin: Minister ok Life, by M. L Charlesworth. The Sociable: or 101 Home Amusements. The Like and Times of the Great Hugh Miller, of Scotland, by T. N. Brown. Annals or the American Pn.riT. by Dr. Sprague. Lmmum ott s Prosoi 'ncinq Gazetteer, or Geographi cal Dictionary of the World, Dora Dean ob Maggie Miller. Mrs M. J. Holmes. ScoCRINfl or tee White Horse, or the long Yacation Ramble of a London Clerk. The Kx. Pepper, Papers by Jacques Maurice. Dcst and Fome, or Three Oceans and Two Conti nents, by T. Robinson Warren. I also "have a few copies of Hawks' History or N. C, Vow. I and II. Caktwria'S Ji stice and N. C. Form Rook. P. J. L0WRIE. Feb. 15, 1859. The Charlotte Mutual Fire Insur ance Company, CON'TINl'KS to take risks against loss by lire, on Houses, Goods. Produce, kc, at u.-ual rates. Of fice ncarlv opposite Kerr's Hotel. President M. R- TAYLOR. Vice President C. OVERMAN1. Sec'v k Treas r-K. N V K HUTCHISON. M p, TAYLOR, C. OVERMAN, j I BROWN WM. JOHNSTON, F SCARR. S. T. WRISTON, . C. STEELE. Kecutiee Cmmittet.-no L Brown, S T WrUton, A C Steele. April iT. 153. tl JOE JTJGGS AT THE CANDY STEW. Roys, did I ever tell you about Jo's adventure at Molly Dob's candy stew down on Sugar Creek 1 Well, if I never did, here goes. Jo, you know, was a round chunk or a fellow, wore tight pants and a bobtail coat and was monstrous afraid of the ; gals. j The gals, though, wasn't afraid of Jo, if he did own land and niggers for sich like have no ter- rors tor them. Well, not being afraid ot Jo, ot course they didn't fear the other fellows, who were minus all these. Well, then Jo was axed, along with a number of them, to come down to Molly Dob's mammy's to a candy stew, and down Jo went, with all bis fat and bashfulness, and when he got there the house was full of gals and fellows, and the candy had been poured out to cool, and was setting all about the room on chairs and tables So soon he entered all eyes were on him I mean the gals, for Jo was considered a great catch, and Jo blushed; but old Mrs Dobs and Molly rush ed to him, seized him by the hands, and literally overpowered him with kind greetings; he became confused, his legs got weak, and he looked about for a place to sit down. Molly and her mammy kept crowding him. They were right after Jo's tracks, and he was straight alter a chair, and as he cast his eye back, he thought he saw a soft cush ioned one, and he took a squat at it, you never heard such a yell in your life; he lifted himself out of it clear into the middle of the floor, clapped his hands on his breeches and wiggled like a worm in hot embers, while the smoking candy trickled down his legs. The gals all sci earned, Moll fainted. I seized a bucket of water, Mrs Dobs the dish tub, and light at Jo we both dashed as he rushed out of the room. Rut lur-kily he stumbled and fell, and Mrs Lobs come light on top of him, tub and all. To m.'.ke things sure, I chugged him about the seat of agony. He roared, I tell you, and when we lifted him up, his hands were stuck fast behind him. The cold water had done the work, and there was no loosening them without fire and hot water. He begged us not to take him among the gals, but it was no use there was no where else to take aim and we pulled him right among them, and stood him with his back to the fire, and poured hot water about wdiere his hands were stuck, while all the gals blushed, covered up their faces, and wondered if he was much burnt. "Powerful ly damaged" says I. At this Molly screamed and swooned again, and Jo gave his hands a sudden wrench, bolted out of tbe house, and took down the road like forty devils were after him, and about one minute another fellow followed him, and a wo man close on to him with a broom stick. That, boys, was me and old Mrs Dobs, but she got no nearer me than I did Jo. I tell you, the running was powerful, and I can't to this day, decide which is most stimulating a dish of hot candy, as Jo took it, or the sight of a broom-stick in the hands of au angry woman. Rut, boys, if you want to have fun, just say "lasses candy" to Jo; it will do you good to see him clasp his hands and grin. Rurndd to Death. We learn that Mrs Mary McKethan, wife of Andrew McKethan, residing in tin- lower nart of town, was burned to death. yesterday, at her residence. It would appear that the deceased had been drinking, and, as is sup posed, had had a lit, during which she fell on the hearth, where she was found dead by her husband when he came home to dinner, her breast and face being horribly burned. 117. Journal. Explosion. On Monday (says the Standard) the boiler of Mr T. II. Snow's steam saw mill, situated in Wake County about 7 miles southwest of Raleigh, exploded, severely injuring three ne gro men. One of the men was blown 60 ards against a pine tree, and but little hope is enter tained of his recovery. The boiler, weighing 20, 000 pounds, was scattered in every direction, the largest portion of it, weighing several thousand pounds, falling a distance of 60 or 70 feet, and others flying to a distance of 100 and 200 yards from the mill. Blue Grass, Clover, Herd's Grass, Orchard and Millet SEED for sale by E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO. Linseed Oil, pure Sperm, Lard, and TANNERS' OIL, For sale by E. NYE HUTCHISON. 86" Churchill's preparation of the Hypophos phates, CURE FOR THE CONSUMPTION, for sale by E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO. Fresh Burning Fluid aud Linseed Oil, Low for cash by the Bid. E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO. Tanners' Oil From 35 cents to $1 25 per -gallon. E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO. English, French and American BRUSHES, Lubin's EXTRACTS, Genuine Cologne, for sale by E. NYE HUTCHISON Ac CO. Varnishes, Coach, Furniture, Copal (three qualities). Damask. Ja pan, se kc E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO. New Remedy, A sovereign cure and preventive of the Piles. E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO. S. M. HOWELL, Saddle and Harness Manufacturer, CHARLOTTE, N. C ONE DooR SOUTH of the MANSION HOUSE. Jg-Vt,. Repairing promptly and neatly done. Jan. 1, 1659. y CASH PAID FOR HIDES, JS. TVL. OXK ili'UK south of thk maxsiox uocse. tf Jan'y 1, 1850. YOUNG AMERICA GOING AHEAD. Extraordinary finale to a Lore Affair. A couple of families residing in Albany, says the Standard of that city, have just had the peace and quiet of their house circles di.turbed by a transaction w hich seems almost incredible. It was an elopement, and the parties are aged respectively fourteen and fifteen. The parties were attendants at a school in a fashionable part of the city, under a female teacher. Their attachment to each other was noticed by the rest of the scholars, and by the Bchool mistress, who spoke often to the girl in rela tion to her folly, she being too young for such conduct, &e., and threatened to turn the boy out 1 of school unless he put a stop to such proceedings. But it was of no avail the young pair had evi dently formed an attachment for each other that was not so easily broken off. Everything had been neglected for each other's society. The girl's parents became acq u in ted with the facts, and informed her if she did not quit her foolish capers they would send her away. She in formed her young lover of the same. Arrange ments were effected, and both started off on the cars. They went to Utica, where the boy had an uncle living, and stopped there, the boy represent ing the girl as his mother's sister's daughter. They were entertained; but next morning before day the household were disturbed from their slum ber by the ringing of the door-bell. The boy had stolen 804 from his father, who, on discovering his loss, started in pursuit of his son and found him at Utica. Hut imagine his surprise when he found the daughter of his next door neighbor in company with his boy. He labored under the im pression that the boy had been playing a game on his own account, but it turned out to be a real elopement between the two. Both were brought back and lodged in their respective homes. On searching the boy for money, the father found a paper of arsenic, showing conclusively that, in case they were detected, they premeditated suicide. The girl has been locked up in a room, and the boy has received a good cowhiding '. SUNDAY IN FORMER TIMES. The Puritan Sabbath in the villages of Xew England commenced on Saturday afternoon. No labor was performed on the evening which pro ceeded the Lord's Day. Early on Sunday the blowing of a horn in some place announced that the hour of worship was at hand. In other vil lages a flag was hung out of the rude building oc cupied by the Church. At Cambridge a drum was beat in military style; at Salem a bell indicated the opulence of that settlement. The public religious services commenced at nine in the morning, and occupied from six to eight hours, divided by an intermission of one hour for dinner. The people collected quite punctually, as the law compelled their attendance, and there was a heavy fine for any one that rode too fast to meet ings. The'sexton called upon the minister and escorted him to church in the same fashion that the sheriff now conducts the judge into our State courts. There were no pews in the church, and the congregation had places assigned them upon the rude benches, at the annual town meeting, ac cording to their age, importance and social stand ing. A person was fined if he occupied the seat of another. Our local histories reveal that pride, envy and jealousy were active passions among men of olden times, and it was delicate and difficult business to "seat the meeting house," as it was quaintly called. Many of the early churches of Xew England had two clergymen one who was called the I'astor; the other, the Teacher. The Sabbath services were as follows : The congregation assembled at an early hour never later than nine o'clock. After prayer, a chapter from the bible was read by one of the ministers, and "expounded" at length. In many of the churches, however, the Bible was not read at all, and it took years of agitation to car ry that "innovation." A psalm in metre was next sung, which was dictated, line by line, to the con gregation; this service was usually performed by one of the deacons. The preacher did not take part in the introductory services. The baptisms, cases of church discipline, and collections, always took plaee in the afternoon. The 'dong" prayer usually occupied from an hour to an hour and a half, and many of the sermons of this period made from a hundred to a hundred and fifty pages. There was a contribution every Sun day, proceeded by an appeal from one ot the dea cons. The boxes were not carried round, but the congregation arose & proceeded to the deacon's seat, and deposited their offerings. The magistrates and "brief rentlemen" walked up first, the elders next, and then followed tbe "common people;" j this ceremony occupied much time. Besides the money given, persons brought various useful arti cles and goods as offerings. The collections were distributed by the deacous to the ministers and the poor The trials of ecclesiastical offenders, at the chjM of the services, ofien afforded much excite ment and amusement; for some offences a particular dress was worn, aud the 'confession' of the offender was heard with much interest. Oflentime the public service was continued until after the bene-j diction, the ministers passed out of the church, bowing to the people on both sides of the aisle, as they all sat "in silence until the clergymen and their families had gone out ! Few persons we im- ! agine, would be willing to go back to these Sunday ceremonies of the Puritan Sabbath. It is wise to adapt the religious institutions of each age to the customs of the period and the usuages of the same. Raafi n Transcript. A Fatal Diseask. If. Hewitt Fields informs us that a disease has appeared among his hops which proves very fatal. The presence of the malady is indicated by the swelling of the mouth and tongue, the latter protruding from the mouth and cracking. The disease makes its appearance very suddenly and the hog dies in a very short space of time. On account of its resemblance, in some respects to the black tongue, he has tried the remedies which proved most successful in check ing that disease, but they have all failed. The hogs which have been attacked so far are those which have been in the range. Can any one tell us by what name the disease is known and if there is any cure for it? Darling ton (S C.) Flag. ; Familiar Science; Or Scientific Erpluination of Common Things. Why does smoke rush up a chimney? Because the heat of the fire expands the air in the chimney; which (being made lighter than the air around) rises up the chimney, and carries the smoke in its current. Why will a long chimney smoke, unless the fire be pretty fierce ? Because the heat of the fire will not be sufficient to rarify all the air in the chimney. Why will the chimney smoke, unless the fire be fierce enough to heat nil the air in the chimney flue ? Because the cold air (condensed in the upper part of the flue) will sink from its own weight;' and sweep the ascending smoke back into the room. How are buildings heated with hot air ? The fite is kindled in a orate or stove which is erected in the cellar. This fire heats the air in contact with it in the air chamber, and as heated air always ascends, it is forced up into the differ ent apartments of the building. EVAPORATION. Why are our eastern and many of our western States warmer, and the winters less severe than formerly Because they are better drained and better cul tivated. Why does draining land promote warmth? Because it diminishes evaporation; in conse quence of which, less heat is abstracted from the earth. Why does cultivation increase the warmth of ft country !'' Because hedges and belts of trees are multiplied; the land is better drained; and the vast forests are cut down. Why do hedges and belts of trees promote warmth? Because they retard evaporation by keeping off the wind. If belts of trees promote waimth, why do forests produce cold ? Because they detain and condense the passing clouds: they prevent the access of both wind and sun; the soil of forests is always covered with long damp grass, rotting leaves and thick brushwood; and in every forest there are always many hollows full of stagnant water. Why do long grass and rotting leaves promote cold ? Uecause they are always damp; and evap oration, which they promote, is constantly absorb ing heat from the earth beneath. ABSORPTION. If black absorbs heat, w hy have negroes black skins, and not white skins, which would not absorb heat at all ? Because black will not blister from the heat of the sun. Although, therefore, the black skin of the negro absorbs heat more plcnti- lully than the white sk:n of a huropean, yet the blackness prevents the sun from blistering or scorching it. How is it known that the black color prevents the sun from blistering or scorching the skin ? If you put a white glove on one hand and a black glove on the other, (when the sun is burn ing hot,) the hand with the white glove will be scorched, but not the other. M by has a negro black eyes ? Because tho black color defends them from the strong light of the tropical sun. If a negro's eyes were not black the sun would scorch them. m imm Common Schools. The following section of the new School law i important to Teachers and Conimittea : Sep. 4. Br it further enacted, That in lieu of former regulations in regard to the safe keeping and use of the Common School Bolster, the following shall be in force, to wit : It shall he the duty of the Chairman of Boards of County Superinten dents to keep and preserve all the copies of said register belonging to their respective counties, when the schools are not in session. And before the commencement of every any school, the committee of the district shall give to the teacher an order on the Chairman for the register belong ing to that district, and the said teacher, on re ceivinr it, shall 'ive a receipt for it, and be re sponsible for its safe keeping until the close of tho school. And in no case shall any such teacher bo paid until he returns said register to the Chair man, in as jrood order as when received, and with the blanks properly filled with an account of his school, according to the insti uctions of the Gene ral Superintendent for the Stale. And the regis ter for each school or distiic shall contain the name and number of the school or district aud be kept for its use alone. mm mm. MEDICAL GRADUATES. The Annual Com mencement of Aylett's Medical Institute of New York took place on Thursday last, when sixty students received their Diplomas. In the pub lished lit we find the names of the following gen tlemen from North Carolina: John N. Anderson, Benj. Chears, Herman Craft, T L Doster, Charles Duffy, J M Henderson, J II Kingown, W Morri son, B S Bhodes, D W Smith, and J It Taylor. Among the list of graduates at the Columbia Medical College at Washington, I). C, we find the names of F C James, A N Williamson, and John A Brake of North Carolina. The fifty-second annual commencement of tho University of Maryland took place last week. Among the list of graduates we find the names of Buf us S Brothers and Dickey Moore of N. C. mm Distressing Condition or a Be'iireatcre. The Springfield correspondent of the Chicago Tri une says that the honors of a seat in the Illinois Le gislature have grown to be exceedingly irksome to a majority of the members. Tbcy are now working for a dollar adav, and boardingthemsclves at $14 a week a disproportion between wages and ex penditure that will not long be endured. A few arc sick phjsically, and all are homesick. Close roouis, poor board, whiskey and bad air have done the work for then bodies, and disappointed hopes of greatness to be here achieved have had their proper mental efiect. There is not a man within the bar of either House who is not ready to forswear legislative honors forever. Seven thousand bales of Cotton and seven thou sand bags of Linseed were destroyed bj fire in Boston on the 1st hint. Jn. is, 344-tf