ft h t
wtttm
tn$m
OFFIC
r9
per a iniTairL
ON Til K
WEST SIDE OF TRADE STREET
CHARACTER IS AS IMPORTANT TO STATES AS IT IS TO INDIVIDUALS, AND TIIE GLORY" OF THE ONE IS TOE COMMON PROPERTY OF THE OTHER.-
IN ADVANCE.
VlbMlM 1. TAWS, p,fc j CHARLOTTE, N. C, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1859.
EIGHTH VOLUME NUMBER 380.
reran BmOEMT,
rp-Published every Tuesday, o)
15 V
WM. J- VATES, Editor and Proprietor.
Edwin A. Yates, Associate Editor.
Ktisc
If paid in advam e $-
If paid within -i moatht 2 ."o
If paid after lac expiration of the year, .3 wo
VAajr persoa sendiag 115 five new subscriber.--,
: , coataaaicd by the adraacc subscription ($10) will
receive sixth coy gratis for one year.
Subscribers and others who may wish to send
Money to us, can do so by mail, at our risk.
o
Ur4y Transient advertisements Blast be paid for in
adtnwee
j-,:" Advertisement!! not marked on the manuscript
f,.r .1 specific time, will be inserted until forbid, and
charged accordingly .
J. M. MILLER. M. I).,
Practitioner of Medicine and Surgery,
BHUkiBIL DVtKIa ST S
M.iv 1 0th. Office opposite Kerr's Hotel.
1). 1!. REA,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CUARLOTTE, X. C,
Will -ive prompt attention to all business entrusted to
bid Professional care.
Orrici orrosm Kkkk's Uotkl.
March 14, 1859 y
A. C. WILLIAMSON,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LA IV.
I i- l iken an office jointly with J. A. Fox. Esq, up-stairs
urxl door to the Court Mouse, where he will be COO
tully present to attend to all calls on professional
.'tsiness made for himself or for Mr Fox when he is
i.iry 4. IS3S. tf
I A. FOX,
Attorney X"t Hia,"vr,
Ofiee next door to the Court Ujo-Stmirs
,. G. WILLIAMSON'. Kso.. who i- a joint occupant
of the office, and who will be uniformly present, will
attend to professional business for BM in my absence.
December 21, 18:8 tf
ROBERT GIBBON, M. D.,
PRACTITIONER VV MEDICINE
Office No. 2 Irwin's corner, CHARLOTTE, X. C.
"December It, 1858.
J AS. T. DAVIS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CHARLOTTE, N. 0.,
Will practice in the Courts of Mecklenburg and the
adjoining counties.
The collection of claims promptly attended to.
March 14, 1H.VJ y
T. II. RREM & CO.,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
DEALERS IN
iSriti h. French and American
Carpets, Hardware, Hats and Shoes,
Charlotte, X. C.
THOMAS H. BREW,
J. A. SADLER, Jr.
Nor 9, 1858. T. LAFAYETTE ALEXANDER.
II. W HUT,
WATCHMAKER AND JEWELER,
CONCORD, X. C.
Watches, Clocks and Jeareirj repaired and warranted.
September 14, Ls."8 y
BELTS ! BELTS !
For Wheat Threshers, Fans, cotton (iins. Saw Mills,
.nid machinery of every description; the best Belting
now in use and far superior to leather in many respects.
' tcii Mot stretch., or lrmr n osm side as leatht r.
THE SUN WILL NOT AFFECT IT.
Rail or water cannot injure it: it requires no oil:
The rats will not cut it : your Beg IOCS will not steal it
lor strings or shoe sole-; you can get any length you
wish all in one piece without joints, and with good care
it will last any farmer for twenty years.
Orders accompanied with the cash will receive
prowpt attention, and the freight paid to any point on
the Railroad oc stage line.
CASH PRICES:
- iacfc 12 j cents per foot.
J - 15
3 " 17 " "
4 gj ' "
" 27
u
' ' S
10 " r.o u 11
12 ' 72
12 ' 4 ply 92 "
r-ir" Seamless Kelts anaafitctared to order nt short
notice.
Conducting Hose of all sizes, for water or steam
pressnrea, ordered direct from the Manufacturers. Also.
Packing of all description, at ."." Cents per pound.
J. !!. F. BOONE,
Line 7. 1:9 Charlotte, N. C.
CERTIFICATES.
1 do hereby certify that I have three Gum Belts, which
! '"t of Mr .1 B F Booae, in use in mv machinery in my
fan Yard, and have been in use for the last eight or
' n months; and as far as I have tried them, I like them
r than the leather belts. Yours rcspectfull v,
C. C. HENDERSON,
Jane 6, 1859 Lincolnton, X. C.
This i to certify thai we have been using the "Rab
ber Belting," sold by Mr J B F Boooe, and rind it has
proved all that he represents it to be, and have no hesi
tation in recommending its use to the puldie.
YOUNG & WRISTON,
Proprietors of the Rock Island Wool Mills.
Jnly 0, 183".).
1 hereby certify, that the India Rubber Belting bought
bj bm of .1 B F Booae, has been used in my cotton Fac
tory from 12 to 18 mouths, and has given entire satis
faction. July 13, 1850 T. R. TATE.
Magic Oil Magic.
A Fresh E apply just received and for sale bv
E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO.
June 58, 183?.
WHEAT !
The subscriber is prepared to purchase the new
crop of Wheat at the highest market price. Farmers
will find it to their advantage to call at the CHAR
LOTTE STEAM MILLS before selling.
JXO. WILKES.
Julv 26, 1858 tf
Notice.
F. SCARR having purchased the entire interest in
the ti rm of F. SCARR & CO., the Business will here
after be continued by himself personally.
fie"j)f All Notes and Accounts due the late firm of
F. Scarr k Co., to January 1st, 1859, must be paid in
to F. SCARR by July 1st, or they will be placed in the
hand of an Attorney for immediate collection.
May 17, 1850. tf
The Charlotte Mutual Fire Insur
ance Company,
CONTINUES to take risks against loss by fire, on
Houses. Goods, Produce, &c, at usual rates.
President A. C. STEELE,
Vice President C. OVERMAN,
Attorney JOS. H. WILSON.
See'yd- Tem'r E. NYE HUTCHISON.
DIRECTORS:
A. C. "STEELE, S. T. WRISTON",
JNO. L. BROWN, WM. JOHNSTON,
M. B. TAYLOR. F. SCARR,
( HAS. OVERMAN.
Executive Committee S. T. Wriston, F. Scarr, Jno.
L. Brown.
April 2o, 18.-.0.
TAXES.
The Tax Lists for the year 1858 are now in my
hands for inspection. Those liable to pay Taxes will
please come forward and settle.
E. C. GRIER, Sheriff.
April 12. 18.-.0.
BY J. IS. KERR, Proprietor.
JtagL 1 VERY ACCOMMODATION afforded the
lilB JtUd patrons of the Charlotte Hotel.
ft WL At this Hotel is kept the line of Daih
Stages from Charlotte to Asherille.
Oct. I, 1858.
J. B. KERR.
O ll'V II A RO I, I
MILITARY INSTITUTE,
Charlotte, N. C.
THE Exercises of this Institute will commence on
the 1st October next.
FACULTY ELECT :
Mvj. D. H. HILL. Superintendent.
Lieut. C. C. LEE", Commandant,
C. P. ESTILL, A. M., Principal of Primary Depart
ment. Con rue of Studies:
In the Primary Department, such as to qualify a
Student to enter any College.
In the Scientific Department the West Point Cur
riculum will be closely followed. It will be the aim ot
the Professors to make Surveyors, Engineers, Chemists,
and nun lit for the practical business of life.
In addition to the usual Exercise at Military Schools,
the months of August and September will be spent in
Campaigning through the mountains of North Carolina.
The Academic Von- will confluence on the 1st
day of October, and will embrace twelve months. A
furlough of two months ( Aug. and Sept.) will be given
to Cadets at the end of their second year.
Particular attention will be given to the moral and
rrliaioiu instruction of Cadets.
EXPENSES:
The Institute will provide Board, Fuel, Lights, Wash
ing, Arms, Equipments and Uniforms. and all cloth
ing except underclothes, for $300 PER ANNUM,
one-half payable in advance; the balance in six months.
A'o extra charge. No remission of charges to those
who leave unless on the score of health.
TERMS OF ADMISSION:
No one will be admitted into the Primary Depart
mkxt under Twelve years of age; nor into the SCIEN
TIFIC Dki'aktmk.nt under Fifteen nor over Twenty-one
years of age. AH connected with the Scientific De
partment will lie required to board in the Institute; those
in the Primary Department may do so if they choose.
REMARKS:
The Institute Buildings are the largest, most elegant
and commodious for the accommodation of Cadets in
the Southern country: and the Board of Directors trust
that under the management of the Superintendent and
Commandant. Imth of whom are Graduates of West
Point and of long expei ience in the Army, and in the
business of instruction.) the Institute will be established
on a true Military basis and conducted on true Military
principles. The board will further say, that Mr ESTILL
is a Graduate of the Virginia University and an ex
perienced Classical teacher. They would further state
that it is their intention to increase the number of
teachers in both Departments as the patronage of the
public may require.
This Institute was granted a liberal Charter by the
Legislature of North Carolina, with the power of con
ferring Degrees upon those who complete the pre
scribed Course of Studies.
ftn?" Applicatioas for admission will be received
until the 1st of September, and must be directed to
Dr C. J. Fox. President of the Board, Charlotte, X. C.
For further particulars sec Circular.
C. J. FOX,
J AS. P. IRWIN,
H. LaF. ALEXANDER,
JAS. H. CARSON,
TIH)S. H. BREM,
W. A. OWENS. Com.
of Charlotte,
J. B. KEHR, Intendant
April 12, 1850. Gni of Charlotte.
UNITED STATES MAIL LINE
From Charlotte lo Awlieville,
DAILY.
The subscriber would call the attention of the Trav
eling pablic to the above line of DAILY STAGES, con
necting at Charlotte with the Daily Trains on the
Charlotte and S. C. and North Carolina Railroads.
To persons going East this is the cheapest as well as
the most direct route; and passes through one of the
most romantic and beautiful regions of Western North
Carolina. Running in full view of the celebrated
HICKORY NUT FALLS
in daylight, the traveler has an opportunity of viewing
that magnificent and woaderful work of nature. A fine
view is also obtained of the loftiest peaks of the world
renowned BLACK MOUNTAIN.
Many other noted localities cannot fail to interest
the traveler.
Xew and splendid Coaches, fine Stock and the very
best Drivers, vill insure the comfort, safety and speed
of passengers.
Office at Charlotte: KERR'S HOTEL.
" " Asherille: GUDGER S HOTEL.
J. F. SULLIVAN,
July 12, 1859. 6m. Contractor.
ETNA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY.
CASH ASSETTS, $1,750,000.
E. NYE HUTCHISON, Agent.
Charlotte, April 17, 139 yr
The Fashion 0 this World paswth aicuy.
'Tis written on the rolling sky,
That holds no settled form;
Its shadowy clouds, its azure dye,
Its rainbow and its storm.
'Tis written on the restless year,
On spring arrayed in flowers;
On summer bright, on autumn sear,
On winter's stormy hours.
'Tis written on the ci.anging earth,
Its valleys clothed in pride,
Its towering hills of ancient birth,
Its fields of forests wide.
'Tis written on the surging sea,
Whose waters will not sleep;
And on the countless streams that flee
AH restless to its deep.
'Tis written on Time's moving show,
That never is the same;
The living dreams that come and go,
Remembered but in name.
Desirable JfegL. For
RESIDENCE lillll S A I. E .
fTMHAT beautifully located and desirable House &
JL Lot on Tryon Street, adjoining Rev. A. Sinclair's
Residence on the south, is ottered for sale. If not sold
roi , t o - it iv.ll )w ort'fkrinl nt t iiftimi on MOII A
the 3d "of October. fifS"" Further information can be
obtained on application to
Auit. 30, 18.VJ. 7o-5t v M. IIAKTY .
JHEDICAI, BOOKS, &e.
A select Medical Library (second hand) for sale,
cheap, at the Drug Store of E. NYE HUTCHISON & CO.
Also, two cases Surgical Instruments. Apply soon.
August 2, 18.")9 tf
To Farmers and Country Merchants
J. IT. BISI CE & CO.,
ARE now ottering to the public the largest and best as
sortment ot GROCERIES ever brought to this
market, consistii g of
COFFEE, SUGAR, MOLASSES, SALT, &c. j
The best kind of Bagging, Rope and Twine.
Also, 15,000 pounds good country-cured Bacon,
10,000 ' Tennessee sides,
2.000 " " Tennessee Lard,
All of which will be sold low for cash or country Pro
duce. Call and examine our stock, as we don't charge
for looking.
Charlotte, August 23, 1859.
F. SCARR,
Late Scarr 4" Co.)
Chemist & JDriaggist
Charlotte, A. C,
It
ESPECTFULLY invites attention to his complete
stock of DRUGS, CHEMICALS and MEDI
CINES, selected with great care and without regard
to price; purity and quality being especially regarded.
To Physicians.
Xew Chemicals and Drugs just received. Hypophos
fdiites of Soda and Potass, Tilden's Fluid Extracts,
Churchill's Syrup of the Hypophosphitcs, Amnion
Ferric Alum, Perchlorate of Iron (solid.) kc.
Country Merchants
Will find at this establishment a full assortment of
articles in the Drug line at Charleston Prices.
o
Babbit's Pure Potash, in tins.
Concentrated Lye,
Soap Potash, in barrels.
Vinegar,
Nutmegs,
Allspice,
Cloves,
Mace,
Ginger,
Pepper,
o Cinnamon, ic.
Linseed Oil,
Sperm "
Lard "
Train Oil.
Tanners' ''
Sweet "
A full supply of Paints.
White Lead, lted Lead,
Paris Crecn,
Chrome Gren,
Chrome Yellow,
Prussian Blue,
Baw and Burnt Umber,
Terra dc Sienna, &c,
Q -5'5
Elegant Preparations tor the Hair.
Burnett's Cocoa.
Savage's Ursina,
Razin's Ox Marrow. &c,
At SCARE'S Drug Establishment.
Mav 31, 1857
NEW CHOP.
Turnip Seed ! Turnip Seed !
A large supply of superior Turnip Seed
Red Top, Flat Dutch,
Ruta Baga, Large Globe.
Just received from the North, at
SCARE'S DRUG STORE.
July 19, 1859.
Choice Salad Oil.
Eagle ft rand.
A FRESH supply of this delicious and pure Oil jtu
2m. received and for sale at
SCARR S
June 7,
Family Drug Store.
The Great Embassador of Health to all Mankind.
HOLLOWAY'S PILLS AND OINTMENT.
DYSPEPSIA. The great scourge of this continent yields
quickly to a course of these antiseptic Fills, and the diges
tive organs are restored to their proper tone ; no matter iu
what hideous shape this hydra of disease exhibits itself,
this searching nd uuerring lcmcdy disperses it tiomthe
patient's system. (
Erysipelas, Salt Rheum, Bad Legs, Old Sores
and Ulcers. Cases of many years standing that have
pertinaciously refused to yield to any other remedy or
treatment, have succumbed to a few applications of this
powerful unguent.
BlLioi s Disorders. This anti-bilious m dicinr ex
pels the hidden seeds of the complaint, and renders all the
tluids and secretions pure and fluent, cleansing and resus
itatiug the vital functions of the body.
General Debility and Weakness. From whatever
cause, lowness of spirits, and other sigus cf a diseased
liver, and other disorganization of the system, vanish un
der the eradicating influence of this all powerful antiseptic
and detergent remedy.
Sold at the manufactories of Professor Holloway, 80
Maiden Lane, New York, and by all dealers in medicine
throughout the U. States and the civilized world, in boxes
at 25 cents, 63 cents, and $1 each. Directions for the
guidance of patients are affixed to each box.
For sale in Charlotte bv E. NYE HUTCHISON
& CO. Aprii 18, 1859. y i
Cht intent Democrat.
CHARLOTTE, N. C.
Gas. Greensboro, N. C, is going to erect gas
works. We see it stated that there are now 245
gas-light companies in the United States, with
an aggregatecapital of S40,000,000. The price
of gas ranges from 2 50 to $7 per thousand feet.
Mr Melville of Newport, K. I., in 1812, is said to
have been the first person
into this country.
to introduce gas-light
Sum Plxkin. The editor of the New Orleans
Bulletin says he has received a pumpkin from
Texas weighing one hundred and sixty pounds, and
measuring 7 feet in circumference. Can't he cat
pumpkin pies now ?
Be Satisfied. A French paper relates the
case of a young lady in Lyons, who was predisposed
to corpulency. Some of her friends very foolishly
ridiculed her stout figure. Soon afterwards her
health began to decline, and finally she died rather
suddenly. As there was no apparent cause "for
the death, a post mortem examination was had,
and it was found that she had been taking acids
j too freely to stop the growing fatness,
JBsS" It is stated that there, is now on exhibition
at a fashionable jewelry establishment in N.York,
in a small show case less than 30 inches square, a
collection of jewelry, forming an outfit for a lady,
valued at $78,600. A breast pin is valued at
5,000, necklace 9,000, &c. What extravagance!
while there is so much suffering for the common
necessaries of life.
Died on the eve of being married The
papers record the death of a young man of Phila
delphia in the morning of the day on which he was
to be married. The arrangements were allanade,
the bride was ready, when the anticipated joy of
the household was turned into mourning by the
announcement of the death of the expected bride
groom. Surely in the midst of life we are in death.
Kentucky. Gov. Magoffin, dem.,in his Inaugu
ral Address, declares that in the recent election for
Governor the people of Kentucky have spoken out
decisively in favor of "non-interference hyCon
gress with the question of slavery in the States
and Territories." lie said, further:
"Other slave States away off in the South may
take ultra grounds and talk lightly of the breaking
up of this glorious Bepublic. Politicians and
presses there may .advocate the opening of the Af
rican slave trade, and upon pretexts, great or small,
may appeal to prejudices or to reason, in order to
prepare the mind for a Southern Republic, but we
are differently situated. We have a different posi
tion in the sisterhood of States. Kentucky, call
ing not in question the motives or the morality of
other sections, is firmly united in resistance to the
re-opening of the slave trade. She is stubbornly
opposed to the introduction of any such tests of
political orthodox-; and she will give no counten
ance whatever at this time, come from what quar
ter it may, to any movement that looks to a dis
solution of the Union. With seven hundred miles
of her territory bordering on free States, we must
think more calmly and act with more discretion;
for, in the event of a separation of the these States,
then indeed would her towering mountains and
peaceful valleys, now glowing in all their verdure
and beauty, be the scene of conflicts horrible to
contemplate. Then indeed would she be re-baptised
in blood and fire with the significant title first won
by our heroic fathers of 'the dark and bloody
ground.' (Jod grant it may never be realized '.
God grant the day may never come when this glo
rious sisterhood of States, now so free, so prosper
ous, and so happy; now resting upon each other's
confidence, and still strengthened by the dearest
ties of friendship, cemented by the blood of the
Revolution, consecrated by all the associations of
the past, and hallowed by all the sacred memories
that could bind a people together, will be broken
in fragments."
m m
The oldest mail carrier in the United States
is thought to be a Mr Butts of Halifax county, N.
C. He has carried a 1-horse mail in his section
for 40 3 ears, only missing one regular trip during
the whole time.
HATS! HATS!!
Come to the Clothing Emporium, and buy you a nice
fashionable Hat or Cap.
Wc are receiving a large stock of the above goods
at exceedingly low prices.
FULLING S, SPRINGS & CO.
August 30, 1859
tf
PEA MEAL.
We keep at our Steam Flouring Mill in this place
Pea Meal for feeding cows and stock. Also, we have
on hand at all times, Family, Extra, Superfine and
coarse Flour. We warrant our family flour.
Corn Meal and Grits can always be had at the mill.
J. WILKES & CO.
April 19. 1S59
Administrator's Sale.
I WILL SELL on Monday the 3d of OCTOBER
nest, at the Court House door in the town of Char
lotte, THIRTY UNIMPROVED LOTS in the southern
part of the town, adjoining Maj. B. Morrow, H. B.
Williams, and others; one Lot back of J. M. Springs'
residence, Forty Acres of Land two miles from Char
lotte, on the Lawyers' road, and one Negro Girl, prop
erty of Patrick Harty, deceased. Also, at the late
residence of the deceased, I will sell the Household
and Kitchen Furniture, kc, 4c, &c.
fita? A Credit of Twelve months will be given, and
interest from date required.
T. H. BREM, Adm'r,
Aug. 16, 1859. 74-7t With the Will annexed.
NOTICE.
All persons indebted to the Estate of Patrick Harty,
dee'd, will make immediate payment: and those having
claims against said estate will present them within the
time prescribed by law, or this notice will be pleaded
in bar of their recovery. T. H. BREM,
Auar- 16, 1359. 74-7t Administrator.
THE COUNTBY NOT EUINED.
Those who have been preaching that the coun
try was about being ruined by the democrats, aud
that the Treasury was bankrupt, will please notice
the following:
Financial condition of tltc U. S. Government.
The United States Treasury stands a good chance
of again having on hand a large surplus.
According to official data, the importations for
the present fiscal year will greatly exceed those of
the year previous, and will reach in amount at least
$31)0,000,000, which, at the average duty of 10
per cent., will yield revenues of $62,400,000, or
six million four hundred thousand dollars more
than was estimated for by Secretary Cobb in his
last annual report to Congress. It is an interest
ing fact that while the Government receipts thus
exceed the Secretary's estimates, the public ex
penditures are falling considerably below his
figures. The result of this double operation will
be the receipt of a sufficient revenue not only to
meet the current wants of the Government without
any further loan or re-issue of Treasury notes, but
the speedy accumulation of a surplus to be again
applied to the redemption of a public debt. Never
before, since the foundation of the Government,
have the recuperative powers of the federal treas
ury been so forcibly exhibited.
The receipts for 1859-60 are estimated at 677,-
072,475, and the expenditures at $63,321,415,
thus leaving a surplus of 813,751,059.
a" A correspondent of the Charleston Courier,
writes as follows, descriptive of some portions of
southwestern North Carolina:
Mount Pleasant. Mount Pleasant, Cabarrus
county, is beautifully situated on a commanding
eminence, and has about two hundred inhabitants.
The village was established many years ago, and has
been of late improved. The population is mostly
of German extraction, and the churches near the
place belong to the Lutheran denomination. The
only church in the village, however, is a very neat
and commodious edifice, recently erected by the
Methodists. It is attended by large congregations
and has a highly respectable membership.
For some years past Mount Pleasant has been
the site of the Western N. C. Male Academy, which
was last year converted into the North Carolina
Male College. I understand that the college has
had a competent corps of teachers but has lan
guished for the want of students. President Brit
tle, nevertheless, anticipates for it a brighter day,
and another wing is shortly to be added to the
large brick building occupied by the institution.
A Female Seminary is also expected to go into
operation soon.
Albemarle. Perched upon a high hill, sixteen
miles cast of Mount Pleasant, you find Albemarle,
the seat of justice for Stanly county. Albemarle
makes no great pretentions. You find the pale
red soil covered with ten thousand times ten thou
sand little brown pebbles; the umbrageous black
oaks shield you from the oppresive Fall sunshine;
the Court House has two stories, is painted white,
and looks precisely like a private dwelling; two
stores, churches, etc., are all of unambitious archi
tecture, and stand as the exponents of the plain
ness, honesty and cleverness of the population. A
vigorous war has been waged here against ardent
spirits, and there is not now a licensed liquor
establishment in Stanly county. I was informed
by my hostess that they have had in this region
four dry summers successively, and that the price
of corn per bushel is now one dollar.
The Reid Gold Mine. Returning fiom Stanly
I passed near the lleid Gold Mine in Cabarrus. It
was from this prolific and celebrated mine that the
first record of gold found in North Carolina was
made. Old Mr lleid was living on the premises
in 1799. A beautiful yellow rock, weighing three
or four pounds, was found, and was used in the
house as a prop to keep the door open. It was
finally regarded as something of a curiosity; and
when the old man went to FayetteviHe, N. C, to
market, the old lady prevailed on him to take this
singular rock along, that it might be examined. It
was taken to a jeweler, who, after a delay of a few
hours, pronounced it gold, and at the same time
offered to purchase for three dollars and a half !
The owner considered the bid a liberal one, and the
trade was quickly made, the magnanimous pur
chaser sending material for two calico dresses to
Mrs Reid, as a present. This is here given, not
as a new story, but as a truthful and interesting
one. In the year 1803, a piece of gold was found
at this mine weighing twenty-eight pounds. There
are still persons working there, and the yield of
gold is encouraging.
Man passes his life in reasoning on the !
past, in complaining ot the present, and trembling
for the future.
m
RETROSPECTION.
An old man sat by the cottage fire,
And he watched the children play;
And a tear stole down his aged cheek,
But he wiped it not away;
For his thoughts had wandered back again
To the scenes of other years;
And his spirit had found a glad relief
In the falling of his tears.
Again he played on the dear old hearth,
And he heard a mother's voice,
And the gentle tones fell on his ears,
And they made his heart rejoice;
Again he joined in the blind man's buff.
And the game of hide and seek,
And he heard his little sister's voice,
So gentle, soft aud weak.
Then in the shade by the woodland dell,
He sat with his picture book,
Or wandered to seek some wild bird's nest
That hung o'er the rippling brook;
Till, tired and weary of boyhood's play,
He turned to his home again.
By the rustic stile and broken bridge,
And the shady old green lane.
And thus the old man sat and mused,
And the tears fell down his cheek,
And a happier hour it was to him,
Than the old man's tongue could speak;
Yet he knew 'twas but a pleasant dream
That too soon had passed o'er,
That his eyes were dim and his locks were gray,
And he should be young no more.
THE EDUCATION MOSTLY NEEDED.
Learn to Labor.
The tjucstion is often asked, why is it that so
few persons are successful in business, and why
property finds such an unequal distribution ? This
man, they say, received the advantage of a good
English education, aud that man was educated at
one of our colleges. Both have been industrious,
honest and economical, and yet neither of them
has been successful iu business. Why is it ? asks
the New York Express; and that journal proceeds
to point out the cause, and in the course ol its re
marks says:
The idea too commonly prevails that a mere
knowledge of books is the beginning and end of
education. The sons and daughters, especially of
the rich, grow up with this -notion in their heads,
in idleness, as it were, with little idea of the re
sponsibilities that await them. Their natures re
volt at the mention of "labor," not dreaming that
their parents before them obtained the wealth they
are so proud of, by industry and economy. How
many young men, college-bred though they may
be, are prepared to manage the estates which their
fathers possess, and which it may have required a
lifetime to acquire? How many young women,
though having acquired all the knowledge and
graces of the best schools, know how to do what
their mothers have done before them, and which
the daughters may yet be compelled to do at some
period of their lives ? The children of the poor
have to labor or starve, and as far as that goes they
are educated to be practical.
The education that scoffs at labor and encour
ages idleness is the worst enemy for a girl, man or
woman. Instead of ennobling it degrades; it opens
up the road to ruin. The education which directs
us to do that for which we are fitted, that respects
labor, that inculcates industry, honesty, and fair
dealing, and that strips us of selfishness, is the
education wc need, and that which must become
the prevailing system of the country before wc can
be a happy and prosperous people.
TANNING LEATHER.
Various Materials Used Ground oak-bark,
which was formerly the only material in common
use, and is still the most general, produces good
leathec of a light fawn color. Valonia, of which
considerable quantities are used by tanners, pro
duces leather of great solidity and weight, the col
or of which is inclined to gray, and is more im
pervious to water than that made with oak bark.
Catechu, or terra-japonica, produces leather of a
dark reddish fawn color, which is light, spongy,
and pervious to water iu a high degree. Another
substance which has been used of late years is a
kind of bean-pod called divi-divi. These sub
stances are used either individually or iu various
combinations, and they are prepared with plain
water or with ooze, with hot water or with cold,
according to the judgment of the tanner. In which
ever way the tanning is effected, the hide is sub
jected to the action of solutions increasing pro
gressively in strength, until it is so perfectly pen
etrated that when cut through it presents a uni
form brown color, any appearance of a white streak
in the middle of its thickness being an indication
of imperfect tanning. When the process is com
plete the hides are hung up and allowed to dry
slowly, and while they are drying they are com
pressed by beating or rubbing, or by passing them
between rollers, to give them firmness and density.
Of the thin skins prepared for ornamental pur
poses many are tanned with a substance called su
mach, prepared from the well-known plant of that
name. After a preparatory clensing, &c, the skins
are sewed up in the form of a bag, with the grain
or hair side outwards; they are nearly filled with a
solution of the sumach, inflated with air, the aper
ture tied up, and the bags then thrown into a cis
tern of hot sumach liquor. Being thus acted on,
within and without, the skins are soon impregnated
with sumach. The bags arc then opened, the
liquor removed, and the skins washed, dried, dyed,
and wrinkled by pressure with a grooved instru
ment. Classification of Leather Skins. The stoutest
leather is made from ox hides. Buff"leather was
formerly made from the hide of the buffalo, but it
is now furnished by the cow hide. Calf skin sup
plies the great demand for the upper parts of boots
and shoes. Sheep skins form a thin, cheap leath
er; lamb skins are used for gloves; goat and kid
skins form a light leather of fine quality; deer skins
are usually shamoyed, or dressed in oil; horse hide
is prepared for harness work, &c; and this, with
seal skin, is also used for making enamelled leather;
dog skin makes a thin, tough leather, but most of
the gloves sold as dog skin arc made of lamb skin.
Hog skin makes a thin, porous leather, and is used
for covering the scats of saddles.
Horrible Cruelty. The sentence of death
passed on Capt. John A. Holmes, at Portland,
Maine, for murdering a seaman on his vessel, was
recently published. His defence was insanity,
but it did not avail him. It appeared, from the
evidence, that Chadwick had twice given offenco
to the prisoner first that he, with others of the
crew, did not sing one night, when hauling at a Ice
brace; second, that he did not use the word "sir,"
in answering a question. In this case, the prisoner
struck Chadwick over the head with a belayiug-pin
repeatedly, and finally knocked him down with it.
He was next stripped, and tied up to the main
rigging by the prisoner's orders, and flogged with
a knotted stran-yarn, by one man after another,
for 20 minutes. When the men did not strike
hard enough, or struck unskillfully, the prisoner
would take the rope himself, and strike the deceased
for the purpose of showing the men how to do it.
The deceased repeatedly cried for mercy, and
asked to be allowed to die in peace. These out-cries
the prisoner silenced by striking the deceased with
a belaying-pin. While still alive, he was taken
down and helped into the forecastle, but in ten
minutes he was brought back and tied up a second
time, and the flogging was resumed, the prisoner
telling the men to strike harder. Again for the
purpose of stopping the out-cries af the deceased,
not to kill him, the prisoner commenced striking
him again with the belaying-pin, till a blow on
the neck killed him, and when his corpse slewed
round dead, the prisoner ceased to strike.
Two mills in Kanawha county, Va., arc
manufacturing 1200 gallons of coal or kerosene
oil daily.