I II K wi:sT .-n)!-: >k stiikkt •CHARACTRR IS AS IMPORTANT TO STATES AS IT IS TO INDIV!DrALS, AND THE GLORY' OF THE OXE IS THE COMMON PROPERTY OF THE OTHER.' per anmam IN AnVANOE., Yh 3. AND Pkoi*!:u;tok. CITAPcLOTTE, N. C., TUESDAY, JANUARY 15, 1861. MNTn VOLUM E—N EMBER 447. T IT E «f- 1' i- !i 1 ■; f Vl»- luU s! f'->. i;K \\\N l.' V tds\ t 1' ^ir^ -1 kill J 'N. I I-., to itiu r, 'N Ai lul^ , ii\ ■ - ■ it a li.i- U. ;?v Ills ■ t'iv* . 1 r tv I' ot iv, il.U- I'' -,\ b.'* - a I . V UK. N. \f- .1 .li-'i- .-itlill.V, liik lu w K >‘VJ r rtj-u- i'. in ii-. one . ;ilid . I iil- . ( (III- . . .lilv , l.c- i; K >-T I'Kl.!', hiliiri'ii, :,,r l I't i .i t V, liu‘ / (: (• Nv \v {n (\ xvjtifi t) vr?rf.// nVT) ■J Xi ^ X yj -u A t UlU j u xVA x 3 ^-^Piihli.Ill'll (‘Very Tiirsday. - r.v W'il. i.lAM .) . VATK.'^, ,..,1 ; . ii:Twi;. ]f 1.1 ii' . ■ it I' ’ i'/ w illini i Hi tijtIi I- iMi.J ilft. r tin- c xi.iiM'i xi 0/IJ). .V 'I' rr::.t;.,n (^10) will • .. 1 .1.. 1 ■ \ ■ r. jl... . ■ . - li > ni.iv \% l.'li to i' I. ir I'i k. ' ■:: ' >>'• p ‘i'l f"*' , . I !; ■• Il|:l till ' cript V .'i .. in = \!’.l !'-r!;il, aii.l .1!»V r- ! T' -r_ .1 ■ . S.VMl !:i. I’. SMiTll. I Att»i'iK‘V !«si«l at Law, ' . - \l;l ■ :i . ^ '•, \ym . . ■ ' 1 iii^r ;irn! i-.-i-ii.: Ml' . ■ ; v-j,,... 1 i , - V. ; i'"t iu- ] \ ■ 1 ..II. ’ • ■ I r-.; I'"'-' ■ ^ ■ ('-iiifi II./ : ' ■ ■ • ' .i.iiiii. r> . ' ■ iv'. rciiusii ill tin .’.i .-icrk s i)tli-f. I ja-ttox'3rxo3r £xt. XjiX'VT^, (II AKLMTTi:, r (; /'A /. L’ \L ' ‘ ■' /. ‘TL\ /; -1 EST. I ( 1 ;■’.!• :1:«' 'fou il stair:^. j \V"m. .1. Kc'IT, I \ 'I'T » K a^: V ’!' t. A \\\ ] 11 !■:, >■ r,, Wiil Xi.rK' . nj I J t,. Ctdirt,' of • Kri l' ' Hiitcl. KOUriiT M. PK A Ti IKP’^s;i: ^E- *ib:j»c (j li 1 7^ f/,V. . (■ilAUl.'fri'K, ‘ 1 ■- , ! ! . . u IK LKi: u KKUU, ATTORKSYS AND COU: SaLOHS AT LAW, ■ -:.! li : ^ McriV'i'. i:;, Teriiiet'fjec. -■ oil !'n- r.inicr t>l' r-.- i'. r : M- S ' . i i; ‘ ■ . t . M ,-. I , . . !! ! '.llltl V. " • ' .I ilv lUlti N.^v'r. « ‘ r-: . :.u- i >‘-t- u :- I ' n.'. .'\i !:■ ' i' I . \i;k.■■ ■_) iij .M.iy ail'- N. ( Ill . .1.1 II. I ' V !(. W. I^IX'KWITII 1',:. ■ •..ii.' n! WATCHES. iEWELRY, PLATED WARE, &C., i»r tl,,- C :1\ -II.! W li \.r , • l!i; ;iinl \ui> li .i!l U ■UlUl'.IrtlUCl'.J. ■ nr. ;; -j; _• t 1,'i-w hero. '‘J John T. Butler, i"M ric.\!, IValrh niiJ ^ SixSi A:**., (,>p|M)sifK Ki’iai - li 'I'Ki.. iV. (\ with 1!. \V. IJcckwith.^ Walj lM's lork** .!«•»%rlry, iifvvcry (loriijitiiiii. !.’( [ciirci aiiil W arr.uiti.-il fur 1‘J IHlMllll'. tii't Wi, is. It. I'/ J. G, WILKINSON 6l CO., KhAI l.i:, I.N’ ■W O 33.0 S, il njdsi I ^ Silver A: i»!aU‘i Ware* AND KANrV (i(,)()DS, No. 5, Granite Range, the .M.i-:-:i. II liuus‘. ( llAlil.i'TTK. N. ('. Atti ijtioii t-i i;. ;■ 'irin, '.t!^ I;. • mi l Ji-vvclry. 1 i A' New Supply of WA'lVllKS, JKW KLKY, Solid .Silver and Flaii d Ware* riu' .■^iil'-' rilu r 11 1- 1 h pur. 'mmI a viTv c.xti'tisivc Fiipiily of t!a' .il- .V, u’ , ih. i.dn lia.--.'^ iM-iiii: iiia.il' air-ctly >';■ . ■ -ur r. hr i thcrotori- i-iuiMf.l to .filial I V. r - . ,i ,u .-(..-t, jiiul pfr.Mms may rv>t • -t .n i,i, ;,,1 i. h-s are war- rautcil to tie what >•,- r> jT- - iii' m tu he. «Mi„ W atohf.-^ ;.n l ('1,,. n i.airc.l and will ri-fcivi- niv jKr.-^uii il uii iitioii. il. W. ItKl'KWITII. Nov. 27. I--.!! tf ^'liarlollt* iV I', l&ailroad. ■ I'ir ! of O, tolu r. TllROr»ni / !'l: A' N.> w i':i i iiii I>:ii!v tiet\v*“»‘n Ci.aro.to M .M-hu.r ;;,nu:it.thu. ^ual.i.n^ "V-“; - .■ : .•|,:ir; : .n ^i.vsorU-s. Iroiu Nt'w \ t ' K, , . , . ' , .1 . ‘ 1 ‘ ■ ■> ■; -ill I il inc.'toii. ami I'ii't r, i fii, , ’ ‘ . w ,11 t I 1 from ( iiar- ..i N,^v Vorl. Mil t l.arl.vton ■ r. a- >1..... . ,. yUciuvv- ... ‘ , V . , . t ,ii> cli. ai) ami '•VI»-.illLOIl> r..-::. • ;■ . . _ ... . ' I ' '• ti (...it. art.; la t A-i'iit. f ^1’ 'Ia ' In; : ilic lav^r-; a','ortiii!M,t m ik,tlu' .. Irhratud (-I.A.".^. ot .’',1 i, ... ;,n l I'rcuii and "vi.v ,,r "''I'I.N l.li vVc., of all kiiid.s. .IIEDIC AL XO’TICE. M. 15. TAVIA>U .and J. M. MILLLKll have -(M-i it' ": thfinM,'.v(;.' for the jiractii o of MKI)I(.’1XK, I ;i;l of lt.=« Viiriou' ijrant;he.. (dtii'C !it I*r. Millltr’s old stand. (•rtobfr 2;j. MSI IT A>II TREE STORE, Tlif sul(..« ribt r has opened out next door above Uvcrlv s Tin-Shop, in the Mansion House nuildiuff, and vili ivei p oil hand a well seieeted stock of Fruit Trees, (irapc \ iii' d, K\crrri‘c'iis and .Slirubhcry, Xc. Also, F;iiit.s of varinu.s kiudi — Apple.«, Uranf^es, Lomou.s, I'iiic Applet*, in:., iic. E. \\ . LVLhri. Dee. 11, ll'Ol). tf. V AIIEE 1»EA\TAT10\ I OR NAEE. 'I'lie snhscrilicr oilers for sale that valiialile I’laiit ’.- tiiKi furiii' i'ly owned hy the Rev. 11. ]5. ('unninjrliaiii. >itn;itcd nine miles north of Ciiarlott*’. The tiaet of land -iiiitain.' Toil ucrc.s, aliout ;J0(J ofwliieli are eleared, incliidiii'r a ^rood meadow of ‘_’r> or .’lo acres—the lial- anc- is trood wooddatid. 'I’lie A., Tenn. t Ohio llaii- road pa.'.'cs thi'oiij^h the. [ilaulation. There is a fine Dwellin'^ llmi.te eontaininr nine rooms with 8 fire- plai f.':, and all neee»:?ary out-buildi!i;;s. (lood water eonvenient. i-'i,r f i rtlier iiifoniiation apply to the un.lersirriu'il at liis residence or adilress him at Crai;rliead 1’. 0., or applv to -I. McAuIey on the premises. R. 15. iii:.\’tf:r. December 1. CJm-iul Quinn’s Rheumatic Remedy Has effecti'd cures of Rhcuniatisni that were considered hojiilc.'S. i i tilicates to prove which can be exhibitfd. The sull'erin;; are iiiviteu to .srive the nieiliciiiea ti-ial. Orders addn ssed to the undersigned at Charlotte w il rcci ive ]irompt attention. W. .^)l'INN'. ,\pril lo. Price .'^^1 .*)0 per bottle. Iliirdvvare!! Hardware!! A, A. i\. M. TAYLOR ■p B I'].'>riv( TFI’I.LV iufornis his friends and the pi:b- ■ lie- L:'ni rally, that he has added to his e.xtcii.sive .-toi k I'f .>toves and Tin Ware, a large anil compK te sloi I; ot Ilanlware, consi.sting in part as follows; Carpenters’ Tools. 'irciilar. mill, crosscut, hand, ripjicr, pannel, prun ing. irraf!ill-. trillion, back, co:ii)»as^, wi bb, and buti h- rr iJrarrs and hits. Draw Knives, ('liissels, .Viil: . (ll!ii''ts. Hammers, llatclicts. and Axes: lirick, phi I' liii'j. and jiointing Trowels; .Saw-sctters, Screw- platrs. .'^tock.' and dies. Planes of all kind.s, .Spoke- shavrs, .'^trrl-bladr bevel and try S(juare.s. .S[/iril Levels Pocket Lrvrls, .''pirit levid Vials. Boring machines, Coiigrrs. and in fact everlliiiig a mechanic w ints, in great varirly ancl ;it very low prii-es, at T.\\ l.( i l.ii'ihvarr .'>ti>rc anil Tin-ware JJepot, *jipo.'iJc the Man- >i>iii lloii-e. Ciiarlotte. N. C. May 2.1. lts*;o. tt' Blacksmith’s Tools. .■^iirh a - r.rllows. Anvils, Viecs, li.ind and slide llani- iiirfs. !'iiittr‘sscs. F.iriier.s' Kniws. .'Srrcw-jdatr.'. .''toi k.~ : and liit . lil.i. k.-^mit li's Pincrrs and 'I'oni^.-. i.’as[ i> and j l ilt s of every kind, Ji'iit horsfshoe and cl’nrh Nails. I ira.x: Imii tifall si/ s. both ot’noit lui n ar.l cninHry maniilart'ire: '’ast. pinw, bli.ster auii si>ring Stci l: iVc.. I'nf .salt- vt-ry cheap at AVl.t M; ,S, opposite the .Maij'itpn llou.'c; Ludlow's Celebrated Self-Sealing Cans, t.'l‘all the iliHereiit sizes, at TAVLUlv-’kS Hardware Store, opposite .Mansion Honse. Agricultural Implements of all kinds. Straw Cutters, Corn .''heller.--. Plows, Hoes, Shovels, Spades, Forks, Axes, Picks. Mattocks, Orubbing Hoes, Tiix-e Chains. Wagon ('hatns, Log Chains, Pruning and llrilge Sbear.s, Pruning ami bndiling Knives, gar- ilen Ilf. s and liakes, with handles; (irain Cradles: grain, gr.i.'S and brii-r .'^cythes, Hush Hooks, \Vagon boxes; Hollow ware, such as pots, ovens and lids, skillits, sjii- dcrs. stew-pans lunl kettles. Caiildrous from to I'-’U gallon.-; earh: Iron anti brass Pre.^erving Kettles, Sheep Shears. iVe.. at TAY L( lU'.S Hardware Depot, op[io?ite the .Man-i in lloii.^e. Tin and Japanned Ware, .V large a.'^ortment; lUoek J’in, Plock Zinc, Tin Plate, r.abbit metal, ^tc. Stoves, the larirest Stock, of all sizes, at TAVLOU S ilanlware. Stove and Till ware Depot, opptisite Mansion Honse !?JlOO REWAR1>! U.VXAWAV from the subscriber on the 1st October, I mulatto boy nanietl SOLO.MOX. He is tiear six tcct high, about thirty years old, tolerably bright, rather slim, ainl weighs about 17."> jiountls. He has a lown look when sjioken to. The end of the forefinger d'his left hand has been cut off, and a sharp hard knot has grown on the untlofit. I think he is lurking about Kocky Kivt r, in the lower eml of ('abarrus county, wliere he was raisetl. JfL-'y" All persons are forewarned lu.t to h.irbor or assist him, uniler the penalty of the law. 1 w ill ]»ay the above reward for his delivery to .ne. or his apprehension ami confinement in .my jail so 1 l an get him. ^\ ILIjI AM 11 .\ M 11• 1 ON, Xegro Heatl Depot, Fnioii Co., X. C. ■Vjtril 0, 1 S'lo. tf Borl Catlle Wanted. (\ts/i J^j'icrs JK1 III fur Jiirrrx (t iiJ SJn'f'p. 1 am still erjgiiged in Hutehering. and desire to pnr- ch.ise r.eef ('attic anil Sheep, for whit h 1 will pay the highe.M market prices. Thtise iiaving stock for sale will tiiiil it to their advantage to give ni« a call, lii- Uniie at Dr. Tavlor .-: Tan \ ard. Ang. 21, l.'^«;o. ‘Jd-tf -1. L. STtU'T. .^OTIC E. Taken up a;.il committed to the Jail of Mecklenbur» county, on the -'ith ilay of September. IHtJO, a Xegro bt>y aiiout 1.'^ or 2o years of ape, (black,) about :> feet C or's inehes high, lie says his name is .JIM. and that he belongs tt> .lohn Worthy of Gaston county; that his master moved to Texas early la»t Spring’, at which time he ran away frotu him. Jim apjiears very dull: can scarcely communicate anything about his master or home with any intelligence. He has a scar on his riirht fore linger, maile by a cutting knife. Ihe owner is retiuestcd to come forward, prove prtiperly, pny ex penses. and take s.niil boy away, otherwise lie will be ill'jioscd of according to law. istlii. tf E. C. ('ilHKi;. SherWr. ('anlages, ('abs, Crailles. ,vr., .-i beauti ful assortment al\\ ayson liaii_I Ht palmfi: S Variety Store, One tloor above the Bank of Charlotte. Doc 4 ‘*)0 Rai^iii!«, Rai.«iii?«. Just rn l ived, a large lot of fre.-h bum li Mallaga Raisins; also a large sup[dy of Figs, Dates, Prune.', Cur rants, .Vc,, at J D PAL.MKR'S L'oiifcctionary. Dec 1, l6(;u KE.11AKK8 OF .MAJOR l>. Q. HILL, f)F tup; N. C. -Military Institutk at Ciiarlotte, Jii'j n c the Commltt(:c (m Ei1vc(tt> ni of the North Carolina Ijfylshtturt, .funnary 18G1. It is no longer a disputed jtoint whether it is the ■ ■luty ot the .State to provide for the education of her sons. Whatever ditferences of opinion there may have once been in regard to this matter, there has been none among the civilized nations of the earth for the laat half century. North Carolina has recognised this obligation ever since the American Revolution. Section 41st of the Cfiiistitution established in 17 id, provides “that a school or schools shall be establislied />v the Legitlaiure for the corivenieiit instruction of youth, with such sala ries to the masters, yuid b;/ (he juiilic, as ma}- enable them to iuftrnct at Intc prirt K; and all useful learning shall be duly encouraged ami promoted in one or more universitie.s.’’ It is with deep significance that this section was introduced, just wlicii the colony was brt'aking the ties that bound her to the Mother Country. She felt then, a.s she hatl never fell tiefore, her need of more educ!it*d men, and that she must depend in the .awful crisis before her chiefly ujioii the cnltivateil intel lect of her sons ; she felt, too, tliat her independence of , (Jreat Britain would be merely nominal, would be farcical even, if it extended only to ]>olitical relations I and left her ileiiendent for her literature, her science, j her arts and manufactures iijion 'he country whose ; authority .lie ignored ami despised. | We are firobably upon the eve of a greater revolu tion than that through which our fathers passed ; but we will never constitute a great and prosperous com- I monwealth, we will never be truly imJe[»endent, until i we develop our own resources and learu to lean upon the powers and intelligence of our own chivalrous sons. Anti whether we will be called ujton or not, in the Providence of God, to jiass through the fiery ordeal of civil war, domestic discord and a ilissclution of our glorious confederacy, we will be recreant to the sacred trust committed to us by our fathers, recreant to our constitutional oaths, and recreant to the best interests of the State, if we neglect to do all in our power to mnke her felt and respected among the nations of the earth, because of the intelligence of her sons, the greatness of her institutions ot learning, the magni tude and importance of her domestic manufactures, controlled and directeil by skill and ,science. With commemlable zeal, the iiolde Old Commonwealth pro vides care and attention for the boilies of her suffering sons "ud daughters, and has established poor Louses, asylums for tlie blind, the deaf ami dumb and the in sane. The magnilicent structures iii this city jtrove her sympathy for the suflVring boily ; will she prove indifl'ereiit to thesnU’ering luiad? Shall the jierisliable part of man's nature have th«usanils and tens of thousands expended upon it.and the undying, immortal part be lU'gli.'cted ? But the vastness of the literary fund of North (’arolina arul the immense sums ex- pendetl tijion the common schools, prove that tke State 1..5 keenly sensitive to the otlucational wants of her youth. .My task, then, is not to arouse and stimulate ail interest ujxiu this momentous subject, but as the representative of a military school to point out to you, with all ilefereiice and respect, a channel through w liich your liberality may flow. Perinit me to say, that if I felt that this were a matter [uirely personal to myself or with the Institute with which 1 am coiuiectotl, my li[)s woiihl be sealed belure you. 1 fei;l, on the contrary, that the interests of this prouil Common wealth iViim the inoiiiitains to tlicseabuard are involved ill the .'iiliject t)t' military ediiration. and that there to.ir my appeal is in behalf of the whole State, ihroiigh- oi!l its Iciigt11 and breadth. 1 propn~' ii> show sevrral reastms why the X. .Military Institute at Clir.rlotte should receive pecuniary aid I'roiM the Lcgislatii'c. 1 do not stand as the repre sentative (d' the .Milit irv Arademy at Hillsboro, but 1 I.an speak in the hi,'hest terms of the accomjdished .''Uperintciident as a gentleman aiul scholar, and of his Institution with the grealist resjiect and admiration. ILeiiresenting but one Institution. I can present the claims of but one. 1 trust, however, that you will grant the other a hearing, with the same courtesy and kiiitliiess w hich you have shown to me. .My first argument lor the X. C. .M. Institute is, that it is designed to be an Institute of first standing ami character, and will therefore need pecuniary aid. A xclioo! with a low grade of scholarsiii]) and a low standard of discipline can be made to be self-sustain ing, but a fir.^t-class College can never be so. To place an Institution in the front rank, you must give it a rimguilicent library and costly apparatu.«, you must call in the first talent of the country at enormous salarii's, anil you must give it such a money basis as to make it indepeiidetit of the whims and caprices of a patronizing public. Every Trustee, every Professor (d‘ a College, every Patron, recognises these well-establisheil princi ples. Hence the first effort in behalf of our Literary Institutions is to raise an endowment of one hundred thousand dollars, the second ellbrt is to raise an en dowment of two hundred thousand dollars, the thinl effort is to raise an endowment of three huntlred thousand dollars, and then when these three efforts have been sueces.fully accomplished, conies the com plaint that the College is very bad olf for funds. It is plain, then, that a first-class College must have a con- iidcrable if not a large capital, and every man knows that there are but three ways to raise this capital—1st, by voluntary contribution; Ud, by lowering the standard of education ; ami 3d, by State ai'!. 1 will glance briefly at these three method.^. You see at once that a military school is shut out from assistance through donations. The denominational colleges and scho«jls have so completely exhausted that soil, that it will yieltl nothing more. All private benevolence now takes the lenomination.“»l channel. T!ie ilonor maybe giving through mere sectarian pride, or through the I vain hojie of buying heaven bv his gift; still, he thinks ' that he is giving to the cause of Christ throngh a pure i motive. 1 iloubt not, too, that this is so in a large I number of cases. But whether the motive be pure or i iin;)ure, selfish (>r Mnselfish. the etfeet is the same, and i none but a sectarian scho(d can elicit the charity of ! the public. It is not fair, then, to say to our school, j you can get along as other schools do. This is not I true. We have no sectarian bias, and therefore no aectaiian alms. The second mode of rai.sing funds is. through a : singular op[iosition of ideas, by lowiring the standard. If the [d;itform be high, it takes a giant to step upon , it—if it be low, a pigmy can reaeli it. lA’ery le.acht-r , in the Fnited States knows that the humbug and cla >- trap .schools arc the best patronised. In the m.njority of cases, the boys and not their parents seleci their schools and colleges, ami they take care to go whore they will have a good time of it. tiiat is, where they will not be governed and where they w ill not be worked veiy hard. Fort\-six of the cadets of the N. C. M. Institute of the last year did not return this session. Forty of these had been found dcfieient in their studies at the close of tlie last session. 1 happened to know that all of the forty-six, ^vith the excei>tion of four or five, expccteil to return before they knew of their failure on exjimiaation. I have been a Cidlege officer f.ir twelve years, and 1 have very seldom known a student tcturn the ne.xt session jifter ho was found de ficient. or was disciplinetl in any way. Htmce, year by vear. I am more ami more painfully impressed with the trurh that a (,'ollege can only be kept full by kevjdng the heads id' its pupils empty. Wet : n make our school at Cliarb tte not only seli-sustaii.ing, but a money making e.iin'eru. by puttii'.g down its standard to the lowe.'t possible point. Such a '.rhool. however, would be a nuisance to the State and a terror to the inhabi tants of the adjacent town. Xorth Carolina wants no such swiudling establisliment as this, which takes the money of the parents and in exchange for it ruins the morafs and stultifies the intellects of their sons. And this brings me to my second argument in favor of the X. C. -M. Institute. It was not projected as a speculation by private individuals, but as a public en terprise for the public good. The whole county of Mrcklenburg is interested in it. atid the town of Char lotte is a ctockholder lo the amouut of ten thousand dollars. I hav. heard some of the largest donors say that they never exjiectetl a cents’ dividend, but wished all the profits to go to the enlargement and improve- meiit of the Institute. They looked for an equivalent, it is true, but il was in the elevation of the morals of the 3'oung men, and the greater prosperity of the coin- iHiiDity. My third argument is, that we can make our barracks a depository of arms for the Slate. The Governor, the Council, and the Legislature know very well that vast sums have been expended in the purchase of arms, and that ini'ncnse stores of ordmince have been given to the State, all of which have been sadly neglected if not permitted to rot for the want of intelligent maaage- tuent. The N. C. M. I. ha.8 now a most accomplished ordnance officer connected with it, and, if the State come generously lo its support, we can from time to time ( all in from the Army intelligent ordnance officers amply fjualified to take charge of our military supplies ami to give proper directions about the kind needed, and the quantity and quality of each. Can any man doubt that more money would be thus saved to the State than a liberal annual appropriation would cost her? South ('arolina employs an ordnance officer, a graduate of West Point, at a salary of P'-’*’ ‘‘n- iiiim. Several of the other Southern States have made appropriations for the same purpose. We are willing to di this work at our Institute, and will furnish a man trained in our largest arsenal, jirovided that the apjiropriation accrue to the benefit of the school. All men agree that money may be judiciously ex pended in order to save a greater expenditure. Insur ance offices owe their existence to this jirinciple. Make our Institute the arsenal of the State, and we will insiir-' the Commonwealth against wasteful neglect and abuse of arms when purchased. Let this be done, and the saving to the State will not be by thousands nor by tens of thousands, but by hundreds of thousands. This plan will bring into our Institute an amount of ord nance skill which would enable us to prepare the am munition (fixeil and unfixed) for the artillery and small arm service of the State. We have already made a large quantity of ball and cartridge for our own use and fould extend our labors for the benefit of the State. My fourth argument flows naturally from what has been said in regard to the selection of West Point men. Our Institute has now a better representation of Army officers than any other Institution in the South except the State Military School in Virginia. We have an Ordnance officer of skill, tact and experience. We have an Engineer officer, who has been employed by the ijrcneral Government u[ion some very important works, and is w'ell qualified to put the State in a con dition of defence. We have an Artillerist, who has seen war as it is, and whose experience'is at the service of North Carolina. Having this basis of army officer.*;, our Institute can without scruple or delicacy call in the best talent and the most enlarged experience of the Regular Service, as our resources, through your gene- ron? aid, will enalde us to make the call. Xo other military school in X. C. will feel disposed toengag- the services of West Point men, for the simjile reason that no other has Army men now connected with it. And even if such disposition were manifested, it must provo nugatory, for there is that sort of esprit du corps among the graduates of West Point, which forbids them from serving uiitler any other than the alumni of their owit*’ .\lma -Mater. X. ('larolina can then secure the services of army officers through our school, and our ychool akme. This establishes an unanswerable reason for the cultivation and development of the X. C. .M. Insti tute. So satisfied am I that your iiuelligent Committee can ajipreciate the strength of this position, that 1 am willing to rest the whole issue upon it. I will, how ever. add one or two more reflections for your calm and dispassionate con.sideration. Fifthly, without State aid we will be compelled to put our tuition and other fees so high as to preclude the sous of the poor. But your oaths compel you to take care of this class of persons and to allbrd them facilities tor every species of eilucation. Hence, jiro- vision must be made for them by some schc^ie of liberal and enlightened policy. It is well kno' ’i to your Committee, moreover, that the poor being c .u- pelled to Labor and to use tools, have in consequence of this u.«e, the mechanical talent more fully developed than the more favored classes. And since our school is essentially a school of science, inteiidetl for the fostering and cultivation of the mechanic arts, it be comes a matter of the highest importance that we .should have the sons of the jioor. (Haiit us the power of engrafting theoretic knowledge upon natural apti tude, and we may reasonably hope our school to be the nursery of Arkwrights, Fultons, Whitneys, kc. .My sixth and last argument is based ujKm the subor dination inculcatoil in military schools. The great sin of the age and the great curse of our country, is re sistance to established authority. Higher-lawism is jiractically the law of the land. From this have flowed all the disconl and wretchedness which now agitate this great Republic. The setting up the man s own conscience as superior to his duty of obedience and as superior to his allegi.nnce to (Jovernment is .1 monstrous evil, which milit.ary schools can in a great measure correct. HaI Mr Sewar l received a military educa tion, he never would have devised his diabolical doc trines. Xo West I’oint man belongs to his accursed party. The Chairman of the Breckinridge Executive Committee was a \\ est Point graduate, born in .Massa chusetts ; one other certainly, and 1 think two others, of that Committee were from the same Institution. And all of the alumni, so far as I could learn, belonged to the three great parties opposed to the sectional candidate. The point of honor of the cadet lies m obetlience to constituted authority. Hence, in after life when he takes hiii position among men, he is always conserva tive, law-loving and law'-abiding. It is, therefore, impossible to over estimate the infiuence of military schools upon the welfare of .society. Were it possible to train ill our young men in them, lawlessness would be absolutely unknow n and unheard of in the next generation. The X. M. Institute jiroposes to extend j the beiient.s of the .system to the whole State by edu- I eating one Uaii> t from each Senatorial District, in con sideration of a ir.L'iciate annual appropriation. This plan offers manj' advantages to the Commonwealth. It will give her a large number of conservative and loyal citizens distributed equally over her surface. It will give her a body of youth trained in the practical pur suits of life and pn'pared to fake the lead in all enter prises for the tlevelopnient of her material resources. I It will give her a host of intelligent and reliable olh- I cers to command her troojts in case of foreign war or : domestic difficulties. Thechea[>est defence of a nation i is the training of a select corps of young men to lead I her armies. All history proves that the proude»t ; ; navies, the co-tliest bulwarks, the strongeit fortifica- 1 ' lions, the most magi.ilicent ecjuipments and the finest j I soldiery are all absolutely worthless and inefficient I when the commanders were ignorant and incompetent I men. What could the most splendid troops accomplish ! with such leaders as Hull, Smythe and Wilkinson? i ! Even during our Revolutionary struggle, the men of j I real nmrk and merit were those who had jiassed I ! through a preliminary training. Washington had ; served during the French and Indian War, and had long | experience engrafted (>n natural aptitude: Putnam had > been a soldier for twenty years, and was so well ac- i (jiiainted with fortification as to be entrusted with the ' construction of the works around Boston ; (Jates had : been in service in the British Army from early youth, : and had been wounded in Braddock's defeat; Geo aud | James Clinton had been carefully instructed in military | matters, and had served in tlie French and Indian War; ' the same was true of Phillip Schuyler and Henry j Knox—the latter was distinguished as a mathematician j and for his mastery of ihe science of Brtillery: Greene had bet.-n expelled from the Society of Quakers for his I early devotion to military studies; Montgomery had I seen service from early youth, ami had fought under Wolfe at Quebec sixteen years before he fell at the same i place: St Clair, in like manner,-had been in the British i Army; (jansvoort had been in the French and Ifldian 1 War; so had Starke; Wooster had been a soldier for i thirty years; Prescott had been present, as a subaltern, I at the capture of Cape Breton; Lord Stirling had served i with distinction in the French and Indian War; Conway ‘ had been trained in France to the profession of arms. ‘ Mercer had been in the battle of Cullodeu and had served with Washington against the Indians : Lew is had also been with Washington in the war of 1755; Steven.«, too, had gone through a preliminary trainiug; Harry Lee had been finely educated and had passed through the lower grades of command; Rutherford had distinguished himself in the Cherokee War; Shelby had j taken an active part in the fierce battle of Point ’ Pleasant; so had Sevier ; Morgan h.ad served as a pri vate soldier under Braddock ; Richardson of South j Carolina had been in the Cherokee War; Marlon had | also distinguished himself in that war; so had Pickens; j so had .Moultrie; Alexander Hamilton hatl a pasiion for military studies from his boyhood. lu addition to all this, our country hud the command of the best military talent of the Old World. Kosciusko, the Kngineer-in- ('hief of the Army, was a graduate of the military school at Warsaw—his admirable field works at Bemis Heights led to the defeat of Burgoyne, and bis system of defense made West Point impregnable; Baron Steuben was a graduate of the miliUiry school at Mu nich. His services as quarter master and inspector general of our Army were of incalculable advantage to our arms; Pulaski had taken part in the Polish Revolu tion; La Fayette hud been trained in the best of schools, the French Army ; De Kalb was his friend and associate Il the French service; Charles Lee had held a com mission in the British Army from his eleventh year, had served in the F'rench and Indian war, in Portugal and in Poland; Du Portail, Laumoy, Riidiere ami Gou- vion were made engineer officers in our Army on their transfer from the French. All these facts go to prove that military education and training were highly appreciated during the Revo lution. Our Fathers never placed an inexperienced man in a position of responsibility, if they could find one with experience. Providence had so ordered it that the French and Indian War hatl given a trained band of leaders for the Revolutionary armies, and these were the men put in comn-and. The discovery that training is not necess.nry for the soldier has been made in the last few years. Our fathers thought ditt'erently, and the prominent men of the Revolution— Washington, Hamilton, Knox, —urged Congress, in 1783, to establish a military acatlemy. Washington, in his last annual message, Dec. 7lh, 171H:, urged it again in strong language; “Whatever argument,” said he, “ m.ay be drawn from particular examj>lps, superficially viewed, a thorough examination of the suliject will evince that the art of war is both comprehensive and coiiijdicated; that it drviantU much jircvious study, iiu{i that the possession of it in its most improved and per fect state i.'« always of grfal momrul to the security of a nation.” By a remarkable coincidence of ideas, one of the first thoughts of the great Xaj>oleon was also to establish a military and scientific school, the Polytech nic, at Paris. In his earlier w ars, he had no gradua’-.s from it; but in his la.it cain|iaigns, his distiuguiflicd Generals were all from that Institute|: Gourgaud, inspector general; Bertrand ; Rogniat, the great engi neer; Dode; Duponthou; Haxo; Fleury; A'alaze; Cham- berry; Bernard, afterwards chief of engineers in our service, and a host of others. Xapoleon was wont to sjieak of the Polytechnic ns “the hen that laid him the golden eggs.” Let it be remembered, too, that Xajio- leon, with all his military genius, never acknowledged the military art to be one of tuition. lie permitted no one to be promoted who vas not a yraduate of a military ■tchoolj or had not shown distinyuisked merit in an inferior position. Thus, Dcssaix was a graduate of the mililarj' school.at Effiatt; Davoust a graduate of that at Brienne; Kleber of that at Munich ; Drouot, chief of artillery, a graduate of the artillery school; Carnot, head of the war department, “organizer of victory,” a graduate of the engineer school at Mezieres; Foy of that at La Fevre; Pichegru and Duroc of that at Brienne; I'jUgenc Beauharnai.s of that at St Geriiiain-en-Loye ; he, Ber- tliier. and Marmont, were all sons of officers, and were trained to the profession of arms—Beriliier hud served Avith La Fayette in America; Lecourbe was educated at a military school. Some of the distinguished French generals were graduates of colleges and then passed through the lower grades in the army. Thus Lannes, Suchet, Mortier, Lefebvre, Murat and Jouberl were thoroughly educateil; Moreau entered the army when a mere boy, and worked his way up; Marmont also served from his sixteenth year; Augerau had been twenty years in service before he was promoted ; Victor rose from the ranks: Hoche server for many years in a sub ordinate position. Key, Soult, Junot and Massena went through the lower grades. These facts prove that the greatest warrior the world has ever know'n was careful that no ignorant and incompetent man should have a post of trust and resiionsibility; his Mar.shals and Generals were all elrvts of military schools or they had had long and varied experience in the realitie.s of war. Hence it was that the terror of his arms was upon all Europe from the Rock of (Jibraltar to the River Xeva, and from the Black Sea to the Irish Chan nel. He uuderitood war better, far better, than we can ever understaml it. His course of policy, then, in mili tary matters, should be a gniile to us. Let us, like him, seek educated officers for the leadership of our troops, so that when war with all its horrors shall be upon us. we shall be able to wage it with skill, energy and success. It m.ay not be amiss to cite the example of our sister State, Virginia. She makes an annual appropriation of S7.T10 from the treasury and sJlSd.) from the literary fund for the board and tuition fees of thirty-three cadets in the Military Institute at Lexington. liesides this, she has made numerous special appropriations, averaging about $7015 per annum—so that her total annual benefaction to this Iii.stitute is a little more than ipl6,225. We ask for no such heavy expenditure on the part of our State for the development of tbe X. C. M. Institute, although N. C. has a larger literary fuml than any other Southern Slate and is therefore more able than Virginia to cherish her own Institu tions. We ask for nothing more than a present loan of S10,000 to enable us to provide Library and Apparatus, and an annual appropriation ot $275 for board and tuition fees of one cadet from each of the fifty senato rial districts of the State. The appointment of the beneficiary should rest with the Senator, and should be made alternately from «ach county of his District upon the recommendation of the s« hool committee. This plan affords mutual advantages to our Institute anl to the State. To the former, it would be equivalent to a permanent endowment, because it would guarantee a certain number of pupils; to the State it would give a sobli«r and man of science in each district, educated more cheaply than he conld be umler &ny other system. Furthermore, should it be made obligatory, as it is in Virginia, upon each beneficiary to teach three years, the State would have a corps of competent teachers in every part of it, and the X. C. .Military Institute would serve as a Central Normal School for the training of suitable in.struclors of youth. I have no report of the Virginia .Military Institute later than 1859, but up to that time, only two of tbe eighty-nine beneficiaries who had been graduated there, had failed to fulfill their obligation, and the shame of these two was proclaimed in every annual catalogue. Moreover, while only about 29 per cent, of the pay students who entered had energy nnd pers«verance enough to giadaate, more than 46 per cent, of the beneficiaries got through with credit and received their diplomas. 1 subjoin a brief table to show how much the educational and scientific intere.=!t8 of the country have been jiromoted by the Virginia Military Institute: Up to July, 1859, there have been, of graduate.^, S.'iO Of these, there had been of leat hers 171 And of the Teachers, there had been of Profes- ! sors in Fniversities, 3 j Professors in Military Acadeniies, .S | Principals of Academies, 7 ; Professors in Colleges, 24 ; Assistant Professors in Colleges, 28 Principals or Assistants in Schools, 104 j There had entered the Army or Xavy, S I There had entered theCoa.st Survey, 6 ! There had been Civil Engineers, 4§ j This table shows that 235 out of the 359 graduates, , or two-th^ds of the whole, instead of entering th>’ ; crowded professions of Law and Medicine, engaged in : those duties most needed in the South aud the best cal culated to promote her interests. I think it probable that the Virginia Military Institute has turned out more civil Engineers than any ten of onr Southern Colleges unitwd. lu fact, the College.s both Xorth and South have done but little in this respect. Dr Wayland, him self President of a college, says “We presume the single Academy at West Point, graduating annually a smaller number than many of our colleges, has done mor« to wards the construction of our Railroads than all our hundred aud twenty colleges united.” North Carolina has now an opportunity afforded her to imitate the example of Virginia and train up a corpt of Architects, Surveyors, Engineers, Chemists, Geolo> gists, &c., on the cheapest possible plan. And her small outlay will be repaid a thousand fold by her iacrejuiei capability of self-defence against foreign aggression and domestic insurrection; by the improved moral character of her young men; by the higher standard of scholar ship in her schools ani colleges; by more attention to scientific instruction throughout the State, and by the improved fucilities for developing her material resources. MONTGOMERY’S KANSAS BAID. ^ Gen. Harney has made a report to the W»r De- partnaent of his operations in Kansas, in which he gives the principal facts connected with Mont gomery’s: raid, and throws some light in regard to tlie objects and purposes of the funds that are be ing collected for sulfering Kansa.s. We extract that portion of the General’s dispatch, which is dated at St. Louis, Mo., Dec. 17th: “I believe that Montgomery’s band is fully aa large as represented to be; that they are sworn to protect each other by perjury, assassination, and in every way possible. Their object is, as declared publicly by thenise'-ves, to protect fugitive slaves in the Territtiry, to assist them to run away when an opportunity offers, ‘taking them East and re ceiving sixty dollars per head,’ and to drive out of tbe Territory all w’ho oppose them in so doing. A large portion of the population on the border either belong to this organization or sympathise with them, and tho.se who do not dare not oppose them or give information concerning them. 1 am satisfied that the greater part, if not all of the do nations which are sent to sufferers in Kansas, goes into the hands of this band, and the greater por tion of it is perverted from the use intended by purchasing arms anti munitions of war for carry ing out their jilans. It wouU take a large force to thoroughly break up this band. “3Iontj:oiiicry has a regular organized band of about sixty men, who receive ten dollars per month besides a portion of the robberies, itc.. and al.so spies and runners, all over the country, who give him timely notice of any movement set on foot again.st him. The day belbre troops reached Mound City, Montgomery’s men, to the amount of between four hundred or live hundred, a.ssem- bled and pa.ssed resolutions, a copy of which has been published in the Black Republican papers. I think the bebt and ehe»pest way to catch Montgo mery and his party will be to furnish the Gover nor with funds, and let him do it ’’a his own way. “Believing that 1 could render no more service by remaining longer at Fort Scott, I determined to return to my headiiuarters in this city. 1 ac cordingly left Fort iScott on the morning of the 11th, and arrived here on Saturday evening last, loth inst.” Dklawauk.—The liegislature of Delaware, after bearing the Mis'issippi Commissioners' speech in lavor of secession, passed the following reso lution: Resolvrd, That havinf» extended to Hon. H. Dickinson, (’ommissioner from Mississippi, the courtesy due him as a reprenentative of a sovereign State of the confederacy, a.5 well as the State v/hieh he represents, we deem it proper, and due to ourselves and the people of Delaware, to ex- pre.ss our untjualified disapproval of tbe remedy for the existing difficulties suggested by the reso lutions of the Legislature of Mississippi. Missouri.—(iov. Jackson’s message to the Legislature of Missouri favors remaining in the Union as long as there is any hope of maintaining constitutional gurantees; opposes coercion; ap proves congrcs'^ional compromises, and advises a State Convention, the reorganization of the militia, and the legalization of the suspension of the banks. California.—According to late n«ws, there was an increased anxiety in California concerning the Union. The entire press of the State now take a serious view of tbe secession movement. They favor the preservation of the Union by con cession?, and all the Republican papers advocate the repeal of the Fej-sonai Liberty laws. Some talk of a Pacific Jlepublic, but the present tone of public sentiment is for the Union, even in case of secession. Miciiioas.—Gov. Blair in his inaugural ad dress, says in reference to South Carolina, that he pre.sume«, if it could be done properly, the country generally would be willing to let the restless little nation of South Carolina retire forever. But it cannot be done withou- the destruction of tbe Confederacy, and self-preservation will compel ui to resitt it. He denies that tbe Personal Liberty Bills have prevented the execution of ..he Fugitive Slave Law in a sinjile instance. The Law had always been enforced by the courts on an appeal being taken. He invites judicial scrutiny into State legislation—aud is willing to abibe the result. But he is unwilling that his State should be humiliated by a compliance in threats and of violence and war. He recommends the State Legislature to mani fest its loyalty to Michigan, and proffer the Presi dent the use of the whole military power of the State to sustain the intejjrity of the Union. WAgHi.NGTON, Jan. 7.—In the Senate, Critt«n- den’s resolutions were up. Senator Crittenden delivered an imploring and affecting 8p^ech. Sen ator I'oombs followed in a lengthy speech, the moet ardent seceiwion effort of the ^ason. He ignored the idea of Georpia eom{»romising on the Northern construction of the (constitution. He summarized the "rievances of the South, and said if the South was denied her rights, she would ap peal to the God of battles. jn the Hou&e, Mr Adrain offered a reaolutioR approving Anderson’.** course, and the acts of the President for maintaining him in his present po sition, and enforcing the laws for the preservation of the Union, which was adopted by a vote of 124 The shock of an earthquake was felt in parts of South Carolina on Thurt^day, 3d, .it o’clock.
