: M f g J. i r f . - :'KTOB': t.; J CHARLOTTE, N. G,, FRn)ATv:'-' AUGUST ' :2, ' -1878' -''v' i;'-' I twenty-setesth touiue-nduber U4i. W, J. YATES, EDITOB AND PSOPEI 2Vm of Subscription $2. 00, 111 advance. iTs r.. ....... i fry y . A '-v -ryv ; ' v . : MM 11 ii i - t i i i i 1 tit-. Ill 11. V I II I W III I I I I III III II I F" ii i iii i i i y ni nr i jm i H I I lh.il III I- I I , III V J I I . ' r - t V - , i . r . ; j j - - 1 ' r : - , 1 ' ; : - THE Charlotte Democrat, PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM J. YATES, Editor and Proprietor o Tkkm9 TWO DOLLARS for one year, or One Dollar and Twenty-five Cents for giifliontlis. SabHcriptiont mvxt le paid in advance. o Advertisements will be inserted at reasonable i-'ites. or in accordance with contract. Obituary notices of over five lines in length will ; charged for at advertising rates. Dr. JOHN H. McADEN, Wholesale and Retail Druggist, CHARLOTTE, N. C, l ; I as on 1 1 and a large and well selected stock of PURE 1 I i I ' i S, Chemicals, ratent Medicines, family Mnlicine?, l'aints, Oils, Varnishes, Dye Stuffs, Fani y and Toilet Articles, which he is determined to H at the very lowest prices. Jan 1, 1S75. J. P. McCombs, M. D., i ilrs his professional services to the citizens of K harlotte and surrounding country. All calls, both .ni.rlit and day, promptly attended to. Ollice in Brown's building, up stairs, opposite the i. Iharlotte Hotel. Jan. 1, 1873. DR. J. M. MILLER, Charlotte, N. C. All calls promptly answered day and night. Office over Traders' National Bank Residence opposite W. II. Mvcrs Jan. 18,187a. ". ... Doctor D. STUART LYON, Charlotte, N. C. Office : Corner Trade Street and Cemetery Avenue (next to residence of Mrs Fox.) Residence with Rev. Theo. Whitfield, D. D. Calls from City and country will receive prompt attention. April 19, 1878 y DR. M. A. BLAND, Dentist, CHARLOTTE, N. C. Office in Brown's building, opposite Charlotte Hotel. Oas used for the painless extraction of teeth. Feb. 15, 1878. CENTRAL HOTEL, Charlotte, N. C, Located on one Corner of the Public Square. Re cent internal improvements have been made for accommodation of guests. Rates $3, $2.50 and $2 per day, according to lo cation of Rooms. II. C. ECCLES, July 5, 1878. tf Proprietor. Watches, Clocks and Jewelry. E. J. ALLEN, Near Irwin's corner, Trade Street,! Charlotte, N. C, PRACTICAL WATCH-MAKER, Repairing of Jewelry, Watches and Clocks done at short notice and moderate prices. April 17, 18TG. y R. M. MILLER & SONS, Commission Merchants, and WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Provisions and Groceries, Volleye Street, Charlotte, N. C. Flour, Bacon, Sugar, Coffee, Salt, Molasses, and b fact, all kind of Groceries' in large quantities always on hand for the Wholesale trade. Jan. 1 1875. j. Mclaughlin & co., Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Groceries, Provisions, &c, College Street, Charlotte, N. C, Sells Groceries at lowest rates for Cash, and buys Country Produce at highest market price. tW Cotton and other country Produce sold on commission and prompt returns made. D. M. RIGLER Charlotte, N. C Dealer in Confectioneries, Fruits, Canned Goods, Crackers, Bread, Cakes, Pickles, &c. Cakes baked to order at short notice. Jan. 1, 1877. " B. N. SMITH, Dealer in Groceries and Family Provisions of all sorts, CHARLOTTE, N. C. Consignments of Produce solicited, and prompt returns made. Families can find anything at my Store in the Grocery line to eat, including fresh meats. Jan. 1, 1877. K. 8. liUEWELL. 1878. E. B. SPRINGS BURWELL & SPRINGS, Grocers and Commission Merchants, Charlotte,'-N. C. Jan. 4, 1878. LEWIN W. BARRINGER, 'Son of the late Hon. D. M. Barringer of N. C.,) Attorney and Counsellor at Law. 436 Walnut Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. Prompt attention to all legal , business. Best references given as to legal and financial responsi bility. Commissioner for North Carolina. References. Chief Justice W. N. II. Smith ; Raleigh National Bank ; 1st National Bank, Char otte ; Merchants and Farmers National Bank. March 15, 1878 ly-pd DR. RICHARD H. LEWIS, Raleigh, N. C. Late Professor of Diseases of the Eye and Ear in the Savannah Medical College,) Practice Limited to' the EYE and EAR, Refers to the State Medical Society and to the Georgia Medical Society. Oct. 12, 1877 y .-H . f : .. Central Hotel t BARBER SHOP. GRAY TOOLE, . Proprietor, keeps the best Workmen employed, and guarantees pleasure and satisfaction to customers. June 8, 1877. KIT A touching incident of the siege of x ans is ioia by. a correspondent of the Con temporary Re viewi A group of men, wo- iwuu auu. Doys were, drawn up to be shot by the !soldierg from Versailles. One of them, a lad of fourteen, pleaded with, the com mander of the shooting squad, "My mother will not know what has become of ma. Let me go into that porter's lodge and send her my watch. ; I give you my word of honor x win come back." The omcer granted the request probably intending and expecting that the lad would escape. But in a mo ment he was back and declared himself ready. The officer hustled him out of the condemned rank with an exclamation "be off with you." The lad escaped, while his comraaes leu. .-. . PHOTOGRAPHS , At greatly Reduced Prices. Photographs of a superior quality can be had at nan tne usual price by calling on H. 13AUMUAK TEN, over Nisbet & Bro's Store. FRAMES for PictdTes Of 1 any size, at very low ngures, iurnisned at short notice. H. BAUMGARTEN, Over Nisbet & Bro.'ti Store. April 12, 1878. CLOSING OUT. Not wishing to carry over any Summer Stock, I have this day reduced the price of each and every line of Goods in my house. Now is your opportunity for bargains at S. WITTKOWSKY'S. Charlotte, July 19, 1878. LAW SCHOOL, Greensboro, N. C. For information as to Terms, &c, apply to JOHN H. DILLARD, May 10, 1878. ROBERT P. DICK. STRONG'S LAW SCHOOL, Raleigh, N. C. The next regular Session of this Institution will begin on Monday, the 2d of September next, and continue till the first day of June following. Ap plicants will, however, be received at any time, and Lectures will be delivered during vacation to those remaining in the City and wishing it. Occasional Lectures will be delivered to the School by distinguished members of the Raleigh Bar. The advantages which this city offers in the con venience of access to the best Libraries, in oppor tunities for attending the Courts which are in ses sion more than half the year, and in meeting mem bers of the Bar and other prominent gentlemen, sur passes those of any other locality in the State. Fee One hundred dollars, for which the stu dent can attend as long as he may choose. Good board can be had for $16 to $18 per month. For further particulars, address, GEORGE V. STRONG, July 12, 1878. lni Raleigh, N. C. THE "RISING SUN." According to the command of Joshua of Old, although repudiated by the "Jasper Philosophy" of the Jyew, is now standing still, at the Uld Jrlace, on Trade Street, opposite the Market House, plus Hornet Fire Engine Hall, where the light of reason illuminates the surrounding atmosphere, which in vests all things with the glow of inspiration, and the world no longer seems- "A lleeting shew, For man's illusion given." For right here you will find C. S. 1IOL.TOJS, Who has in Store Oranges, Lemons, Candies, Cakes, Pies, (The Great Washington Pie included,) Corn Starch, Sardines, Pickles, Fresh Bread. Canned Fruit and Vegetables, Sugars and Coffees, Tobacco, Cigars, Snuff, Toys. In fact, everything found in a Confectionery, including Ice Cream and Jjemonade. , June 21 1878. , C. S. IIOLTON. Just Received at D. M. RIGLER'S, A fine lot of Florida Oranges, Lemons, Apples; fresh Crackers, Soda, iiutter, Uysters, Cream, Jic Nac: Candies, Chocolate. Burnt Almond, Gum TJi ops, Crystalized Fruit, and a large assortment of fine Cream. Also, our own make of plain candies, fresh Cakes and Pies. , . . D. M. RIGLER. Jan. 18,1878. BUYERS OF DRY GOODS, Ready-made Clothing AND GENERAL MERCHANDISE, Will find at the old established house of ELIAS & COHEN The largest,, best assorted and cheapest Stock of Goods ever brought to this market. We are prepared to prove upon examination of our Stock that we make no vain boast, and solicit buyers, both Wholesale and Retail, to look at our Goods and prices before purchasing. Our stock of Dress Goods, White Goods, Alpac- cas, JmVrolderies, Hid Gloves,, pun umbrellas, Fans, Ties and Fancy Goods are complete and will be sold at astonishing low prices. . Carpets, Oil Cloths and Matting3 very low. Fair dealinsr. Polite and attentive Clerks. Call and see us and Judge for yoarselves. ELIAS & COHEN. March 22, 1878. t i Guano,, Super.-PJiosphate, &c. J. C. BURROUGHS Has now in store a hijb. ffrade of Acid Phosphate, Soluble Pacific Guano. Whann's Raw Bone Super phosphate, Merryman's Ammoniated Dissolved Bones and Peruvian Guano. Feb. 15.1878. TEN?, CENT COUNTER. From this date you may consider ALL our Counters BARGAIN COUNTERS, but to offer still greater inducements to in vash Buyers," We have this day placed upon our MIDDLE COUNTER a great variety of good GOODS, which we propose to sell at the common price of Ten Cents for Choice. The Ladies are reouested' to call "soon, as these Goods are to be rushed off immediately. Call soon and secure the best bargains in Charlotte for the least money. ' . BARRINGER & TROTTER. July 12, 1878. Home Life. ' Alake home liie beautiful, without and within, and they will sow the seeds of een tleness, true kindness,- honesty, and fidelity in the hearts of ; your children, from which the children reap a harvest of happiness and virtue. The memory of the beautiful and happy home of childhood is the richest legacy any man can leave to bis children. The heart will never forget its hallowed in fluences. It will be an evening enjoyment, to which the lapse of years, will only add new sweetness. Such a. home is a constant inspiration lor good and as constant a re straint irom evil. it by taste ana culture we adorn our homes and grounds and. add its charm, our children win. find the quiet pleasures of rural nomes more attractive man tne wnin ot city lite. An .elegant dwelling, sur- sounded by sylvan atti actions, is a contri bution to the refinement, the good order, tne taste, ana prosperity, oi every commu nity, improving the public taste and minis tenng to every enioyment. On the other hand, people who are content to dwell in huts and collars grow barbarous in; their ideas, become dirty and ragged in their dress, uncouth in manner, coarse in habits, brutal in character, without' aspiration for a better life. In some portions of Germany the law required that everybody should plant trees along his property. Happy would it be if the law of society and custom here, as the civil law in Germany, required every voung man, before he took that promised hand in his, to be his only and his forever, should plant a wedding tree. If I may make a personal allusion, the trees I planted when a mere boy are now stately maples, and have bound me strongly to that spot which I now make a pilgrimage to every year. They have paid me ten thousand times for the pains they cost. Hydrophobia. The mystery of hydrophobia seems to be as far from being cleared up as ever. A curious and puzzling case occurred lately in England. A boy fourteen years of age was bitten slightly on the hand while play- ing with a ocotcn terrier, inree weeks later he became ill, and symptoms of hydro phobia showed themselves aud developed until he died in terrible convulsions. The physicians pronounced it a genuine case, but a girl who had been bitten by the same dog appeared to have suffered no harm, and, more remarkable still, the dog was examined by a competent veterinary sur geon and pronounced perfectly healthy. In this connnection, the case of M. Cheri Montigny, the young French dramatist, may be recalled. He was bitten in the nose, very slightly, by a pet terrier, while playing with him in a manner quite usual. The dog was taken to a veterinary surgeon, and died a few days after, but he showed no symptoms of rabies, and the cause oi death was declared to be internal inflamma tion. The young man began to study up on hydrophobia, and to get anxious about himself, and soon the symptoms of the dis ease began to develop and the usual horri ble consequences followed. In neither of these cases is there any evidence that the dogs were affected by rabies, but in both there seems to be no doubt of the genuine ness of the hydrophobia in the victims. Was the cause any virus from the bites, or the operation of sheer delusion ? United States of America, Western District of North Carolina. In the Circuit Court at Greensboro, July IGth, 1878. The Act of Congress entitled "An Act to provide for the holding of Terms of the District and Circuit Courts of the United States in the City of Charlotte, North Carolina," and approved June 19th, 1878, makes no provision for the appointment of a Clerk of said Courts, It is therefore ordered, That the Clerk of the Dis trict and Circuit Courts of the United States at Statesville proceed as soon as practicable to procure an Office in the City of Charlotte, and recommend some suitable person for appointment as Deputy Clerk to attend to the business oi said Courts at Charlotte. ' ! ! Anv person desiring to institute an action at law, or suit in equity, or other legal proceeding in 6aid Courts, can have process issued by the Clerk at Statesville made returnable to tne courts at Charlotte. The Clerk at Statesville is directed to proceed under the former rules and orders of this Court, to form a Jury List for said Courts, composed of the names of two hundred good and intelligent men, duly qualified, to serve as Jurors in the Courts of this State and residing in the counties of Mecklen burg, Union, Anson, Stanly, Cabarrus, Gaston, Lin coln and Cleaveland. The Clerk will cause this Order to be published for six weeks in the 'Charlotte Democrat. ROBERT P. DICK, U. S. District Judge. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ? Western District of North Carolina, j 83. 7 I. John W. Payne, Clerk of U. S. District and Circuit Courts of the United States for the Western District of North Carolina, hereby certify that the foregoing writing is a true, correct and complete copy of the original - now on file and remaining of record in my office. In testimony whereof 1 hereunto set my hand and seal, at office in Greensboro, this the 17th day of July, A. D., 1878. jhu, w. rAjcxja, cierK. July 19, 1878 6w , . LAND PLASTER And Agricultural Lime, Fresh and in good order, kept constantly on hand at lowest market prices. i W. W. WARD, College Street, - rear Stenhouse & Macaulay's corner. Feb. 22.1878. :. Come and Drink ' Snarklina: Ginser Ale and Soda Water at T. C SMITH'S "Arctic Fountain" only 5 cents a glass. ' Tailoring. - -i .? H a "FIT. A. if TratipnT Tailnr liftaliia Shnn in the naranrnit Dfflra TlniMinff crrmrt flrwr whprp lift will be pleased to serve his customers and friends promptly. . . : .. .. Particular attention paid to repairing. Nov. 2, 1877. S. S. EL AM. .ii Labor-Savina: Machines. r louring' thel present depression of ndus . try the mistaken idea prevaijs among some classes that labor-savins: . machines have a good deal to do with it, and, that if there were less machinery there would be more steady employment. Plausible as this is made to appear to some understandings, yetjthe truth, when examined ' with, i proper- intelligence, snows L quite', ine contrary. The Scientific American, the very best au thority on matters of this kind, denies i all such conclusions, and gives reasons therefor that we . commend - to our readers. That journal says: . . "The census reports show that the earn ings of sewing women have largely i inr creased since the introduction " of sewing machines and that the number of persons earning a living by sewing has increased since that invention was made in a ratio considerably larger than the ratio of in crease for the . entire population. Agricul tural machinery, by extending the area of cultivation and increasing the value of farms, has caused a large and rapid increase in the number of farm hands employed in this country. In every instance, in fact, the introduction of machinery has been attend ed by an increase in the number of men employed in the trade or trades affected. in itnoae island, notwithstanding the in crease in the number of steam engines and other productive machinery, there has been a gain in the last five years of 14 per cent in the number of operatives employed. In Massachusetts the gain in the cotton indus tries in the same period was 26 per cent. In Ohio and other Western States the pro gress of manufacturers and the increase in the number of hands were very much great- er. lne value ol the manutacturea pro ducts of Ohio in 1870 were $269,713,000: in 1875,1400,009,000. The cotton gin of Whitney, it was asserted at the time, would throw thousands of people out of work. Bv facilitating the nrenaration of cotton for the market it made it the staple produc tion of the South, and extended its cultiva tion, increasing immensely the demand for labor. Steamboats and railroads, in pro moting intercourse and traffic and cheapen ing travel, have had the same effect." The American could have added the numberless small comforts that artisans and laboring men of all kinds are now enjoying, and that thirty years ago were only known to the favored classes, and these also are the result of labor-saving machines, each one of which has classified labor into hun dreds of channels unknown previous to the invention of such machinery. With each additional new want of mankind there is so much added to his comfort, and the more of these that you can create the better for so ciety. Labor-saving machines, like in creased production and both mean the same thing are in favor and intended for the general benefit. Two little Girls Smothered in a Trunk. One of the most awful calamities ever re corded is that of the death of the two daughters of Mrs Amelia Moench, first as sistant teacher of German in a St. Louis school, by being suffocated in a trunk, little girls have for a year past been The with from vaca- their father on a farm four miles Dixon, Mo. Mrs Moench spends, her tions on the farm, and was prepared to go to her husband and children immediately upon the close of school. Mr Moench had gone to Dixon, and his little girls called cheerfully after him to hurry back, and if tie wrote to their mamma to send their ove. On hisTetunrhe was surprised not to see them awaiting him. He called but received no answer. He went , into the house and saw the tray of the trunk setting on the floor. A horrible fear flashed on. his mind. 'He opened the trunk and the two ittle girls : the younger, who was under neath, was evidently past all hope, but the elder was still warm and limp. , Not a neighbor was within half a mile. The ather dashed cold water on the children, then rubbed them with vinegar, and made every effort to restore animation, laboring until after twelve o'clock, but in vain. He then gave up in despair, and went to seek help from a neighbor. The little girls were aged eight and five years respectively. They had playfully got into the trunk, when the lid fell on a spring lock, prevent ing their escape, p , mm 1 1 1 Learn to Swim.' There is some excellent advice to English women in a London paper, the jrlobe, which American girls would do well to tieed. It is this: "Learn to swim." It cannot be questioned that the general ina bility of women to swim even for a; few strokes causes a large addition to the num ber of deaths from drowning. . If they only had an elementary acquaintance with the art it would give them confidence, and greatly aid the efforts of rescuers. There is the greatest risk in approaching a woman when 6he is out of her depth, owing to.the certainty that she will cafoh any man who goes to help her in such' a way as to pre vent that free exercise oi the limbs on which his life as well r as - hers depends; Many a valuable life might be saved every t ' .r- t ? ; 1 year n tne elements . oi swimming were made a branch of girls', education. It is not as if there were some inherent inability in the gentler sex to acquire the art. The acts rather lie in tne oiner airecuon, in deed, and tend to shoir., that, other things being equal, women have greater, powers th e water ' than menl - owing to the smaller specific gravity of their bones and muscles. ' , .,. . , A man may 4 elude a , disagreeable creditor for a long, jiehile sometimes, but there's one thing in this uncertain vale of tears he can't dodge. When a sneeze has business with a fellow it always finds him at home. iIFflwi he: Created before Adam . From UieNew York Sun, , ....... j , . t, . 1'rofessor Alexander Wmchell, of Svra- cuse University, has reprinted in pamphlet iyrin, wiin me uue, "i.aamiies ana rre Adamites," ."an' I;' essay , originally published by him . in the-.-Northern Christian Advo cate, designed to show that the negro race as iu existence on mis gioue long . oetore the time of Adam.' He favors, also, reform ing the popularly. received chronolosrv. and would place the creation described in Gene sis 10,500 years before the birth tf Abra ham, or 14,378 years before the present era. At the same time he would brinsr down the stone and. JakerdwelIiBgv agea ,to within a penoa oi not more than 6,000 years ago, in this way, he thinks, the Biblical record can be made to agree with the established facts of modern ethnological, philological, and geological research. Some special in terest attaches to his views, because the publication of them has led to his dismissal from the V anderbilt University, at Nash ville, Tenn., where, in addition to his Svra cuse Professorship, he held the Chair of Historical Geology and Zoology. In spite ot his earnest protestation ot orthodoxy. the President of the Universitv insisted that he was an evolutionist, and an ene my of "the plan of redemption," and he had to go. . The essay begins by giviner to a learned Hollander, named La Peyrere, the credit of navmg nrst promulgated the idea ot a pre- Adamite race. La Peyrere in 1655 pub- lisnea a little treatise intended to prove from the Bible itself that men of some kind must have existed on the earth before Adam was created, and, though his argu ments were largely theological, he succeed ed in making a pretty good case. In the light of our more complete knowledge of facts, Dr, Winohell contends, that his pro position is now satisfactorially established, and that from Adam only the white, or at most the Dravidian and Mongoloid races are descended, whereas the negroes were of a different and far more ancient origin. Their birthplace, he says, was either Africa or a continental land which stretched from Madagascar to the East Indies. From thence they spread over Australia, Borneo, the lesser islands of the sea, and a consid erable portion of Asia. After the lapse of thousands of years the Adamic race ap peared in Central Asia, and peopled from thence both India and Europe with Aryans, Dravidians, and Mongols. Being partially destroyed by a flood, a remnant, under the name of Noah, gave rise to the Semitic, Hcmitio, and Japhetio races, as related in historical records. As these multiplied and emigrated they came into collision with their Adamic brethren of an earlier epoch, and either drove them out or mingled with them afresh. The principal reason assigned by Dr. Winchell for believing that the negro is not descended from Adam is that the word Adam, signifying "red" or "ruddy," cannot have been intended to describe a negro, and it is impossible that the red Adam could have given rise, by any process of modifica tion, to the negro. He refers to the monu ments of Egypt and Assyria, in which the negro is depicted with the same peculiari ties which he possesses at this day, and hence he argues that if the 2,000 years since those monuments were sculptured have pro duced no alteration of the negro type, it will not do to assume that the 4,000 years previous could have developed it from the white man. Moreover, the change from the ; white to the negro is a degradation, not an improvement, and this is contrary to the . usual course of development of the i human race, which is forward and not backward. : , ! It is not' to be denied that some things mentioned in Genesis afford grounds for imagining the existence oi other men than Adam and his descendants. Cain feared: that his life might be taken, evidently by people not of his blood, and he married a wife, also, who was presumably not of kin to him. Dr. Winchell hints further that by the "daughters of men" whom the "sons of God," that is, the Adamites, married, are meant the women of the pre-Adamite or negro race. That the negro is not descend ed from Ham seems pretty clear, notwith standing the countless sermons that have been preached justifying negro slavery by reason of Noah's curse of his son and the presumed inheritance of that curse by the black race. ; Ham's offspring, it is now set tled Iy the testimony of both profane and sacred history, were not negroes, but Egyp tians, Assyrians, Philistines, and : other highly intellectual nations. But whether, after all, Dr. Winchell i$ justified in con cluding that because Adam found on earth men of a preyious creation, those men were negroes, is an open ; question He himself admits that corroborative evidence is lack ing, and anticipates that it will yet be found somewhere in the caverns of Abys sinia, or South Africa, or Australia, Be sides, although the 4,000 years commonly assumed as the period from Adam to the Abyssinian and Egyptian monuments may not be enough to permit the descent of the negro from Adam, Dr. Winchell's corrected chronology extends this period to over 12, 000 years, which might be sufficient for the purpose. The impartial reader will there fore suspend his decision, and, while duly appreciating Dr. Winchell's learning and ingenuity, will hardly adopt his conclusions as entirely demonslraled. . i ' What Dr. Winchell says of the compara tive nearness to our day of the stone and lake-dwelling ages is less novel, but still in teresting. It may be that, as he. says, the glacial epoch of Europe and America termi nated only a few, thousand years ago, that the men of the stone age existed as late as the time of Homer, and that the lake-dwellers were contemporary with the Romans. These are points still under dispute, and the settlement" by cx- ' The tone in which Vr. Winchell speaks of those theologians who would set np their peculiar interpretation of the Bible against scientific truth, is anything but ' respectful, and paitially accounts for the loss of his professorship at Vaoderbilt University. He classes them with ?men who also ' hold the opinion that witches ride' broomsticks through the air,' and that the stars were created two days beforo Adam, though some of them are so distant that their light has been a hundred : thousand'1 rears in reaching us." He says again: ' "A faith that has had to surrender the treocentrio theory, and the denial of antinodea. . and of the high geological antiqaity of the- "world, should have learned to discriminate be tween religious faiths and scientific opin ions." With his conclusion none, howevpr Can find fault.? "RvMTr tlionrv mmf Via anVi jected to appropriate tests. If it stands, it 1 -mt a uecoraes a - new revelation ot God's mind ; if it falls, our trepidation over the supposed consequences becomes ridiculous." Executive Sessions. Frequent misapprehension of the term Executive Session, m reports of Committees and associations, calls for a word of expla nation. The Senate of the United States is charged by the Constitution with . two dis tinct classes of duties. It is a co-ordinate branch of the National Legislature, and as such has legislative duties to perform. It is a part of the executive machiney in mak ing treaties and confirming appointments. These duties are executive, and the sessions in which they are transacted are called ex ecutive. We have never seen any good reason for making them secret, but the Senate hp.s always done so in the sense of excluding from them the general-public, and all but a few of the regular officials of the Senate. The Vice-President, Executive Clerk, Sergeant-at-Arms and two Door keepers are the only persons, besides Sena tors, admitted within the chamber when the great American ostrich puts his head in the sand. The galleries are cleared in hot haste, as if the fate of the nation hung on the clearing being done instantly. -As soon as the visitors are outside of the gal- cries the doors are securely locked, the crowd is worried down stairs, and door keepers are stationed at the foot of the staircases to prevent any of the forty-four millions of American citizens from coming near the solemn scene. Such an imposing show of secrecy is very impressive. It in spires rural visitors with a deep sense of solemn awe. But all the business transac ted behind those locked doors is known to the whole country, by the aid of the tele graph and press, the next morning. The secrecy of our American ostrich is not a whit more real than that of his African pro totype. We have never yet been able to find any one who could show any real ne cessity for secrecy in the proceedings of the Senate. The business transacted on these occasions is the business of the public, and the public has a right to watch its servants. There is one great growing evil resulting rom this pretended secrecy. It induces cowardly men to write letters and prefer charges against parties awaiting confirma tion ; charges that are false and slanderous, and such as their authors would not dare to make if they were to be read in open Senate. This turns that august body into an arrangement for the diffusion of scandal and the dissemination of slander. But the solemn old Senate fancies that there is something exceedingly dignified in their 'proceeding to the consideration of execu tive business." To question the necessity of all the fuss and parade they make of it is worse than , treason. A Chinaman is not more outraged by clipping his pigtail, than is one of the older Senators by an intima tion that anything connected with the es tablished usages of the Senate is not an il- ustration of the highest wisdom. Wash' ington Post. I II in Early Rising. For farmers and those who live in - locali ties where people can retire at eight or nine o'clock in the evening, the old notion about early rising is still appropriate, but he who is kept up 'till ten . or eleven or twelve o'clock, and then rises at five or six, because of the teaching of some old ditty about "early to rise," is committing a sin against his own body. There is not one man in ten thousand who can afford to do with out seven or eight hours sleep. All the stuff written about great men who 'slept only three or four hours at night is fale. They have been put upon such small al- owances occasionally, and prospered : but no man ever yet kept healthy in body and mind for a number of years with less than seven hours' sleep. If you cannot get in bed until late, then rise late. It may be improper for one man to rise at eight as it is for another to rise at five. Let the. rous ing bell be rang at least thirty ' minutes be fore the public appearance. Physicians say that a sadden jump oat cf bed gives ir regular motion to the pulse. It takes hours to get over a sudden rising. ' It is barba rous to expect children to instantly land on the centre of the floor at the call of their nurses, with the thermometer below zero. Give us time after von call ns to roll over, gaze at the world fall in the face, and look before we leap. 23T" The Japanese have no cuss words in their language. After seventeen futile attempts to get the joints of a stovepipe to fit, the indignant Jap goes out and bumps his head against a post, kicks a dog 27 times around the yard, and then feels better. ; "Beg pardon for stepping on your rrin," said a fop at a ball ; then' added : 'You ought to have a cow-catcher on it." "And I would have caught a calf," said the public must await their perts in the matter. young lady.