Newspapers / North Carolina Whig (Charlotte, … / Sept. 7, 1831, edition 1 / Page 2
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THE MINERS' AND FARMERS' JOURNAI., From the yational Intclligtnctr. THE SOLAR PHENOMENA. We are obliged to a respectable friend iu Alexandria for the following interesting ob- starvations upon the late cxtraordioary ap- pcarancci! connected w ith the Sun: Alexaxkru Boardi.'co School. mA Month, 1»3I. Frtenth Galex )li' Seaton: In compliance with the sug^stion in your paper received to-day, 1 send you the following views res- pecting the very unusual, if not unexampled af>pcaran;e of the sun, observed a few days since. To understand the phenomena alluded to, It will be necessary to make a few prelimi nary observuiioijs. During the great total eclipse of the suti that had rc*cently taken j'lace, the moon had just paisscd its pen- pree, or that point in its orbit nearest the earth, and coascqucntly the combined ac tion of the sun and moon u[x>n the atmos phere produced a great tide in the equato rial regions, and dimiuished the pressure of the air upin the whole of the surface of the earth.* This diminution of pressure upon the surface of the water would ocaision a groat increase of evaporation, particularly when united with the high temperature that accompanied it. For it is an established fact, that the amount of evaporation t'rom an uninsulated surface of water depends up on the elevation of te:nperature and dimi nution of pressure. A vast quantity of va por thus raised was very observable on the evening of the 12th instant, at a consider able elevation, in the wentem part of the heavens, ami continued to reflect a very red light for a long time after the sun had set. The appearance of the heavens on the morning of the 13th I did not observe; but about mid-day, the sun shining through this boIy of vapor had a silverj- appearance siiiN ilar to that which it wears when shining through a vanishing fog, and I observed it to give an unusually ghastly appearance to the countcnances of persons. Between 3 aiid 4 o'clock, the position of the sun with respcct to this body of vapor becoming thanged, it assumed a greenish blue ap pearance, precisely similar to that produced b .• the following experiments, and which in rny opinion was dependent upon the same cause. Let a screen upon which the spec-' truiii produced by the separation of the so lar Ijcain into its primitive colors by a glass prism is thrown, be perforated so as to let all except the red ray fall upon a double tcKivex It ns, and be converged to a focus, the result will be a repreeentation of the Fun of a greenish blue color, exactly such as it was observed to have at the time allu ded to. The color is that resulting from the couibination of all the pripiiUve colors f .xcept tfic red, and is denominated in opiics the oppotiU color. The same experiment nw’ be penormed more familiarly thus: Placc a red water upon a white wall, and look at it intently with one eye for some time; then let the eye rest, without much etiort at seeing, up. on the wall, and a spot, the size of the wa fer, of a greenish blue color, will be per ceived. The explanation is, that the rtti- ni, through the action upon it by the red light from the wafer, becomes insensible to the red ray in tha part upon which the im age of the wafer rested, and hence the co lor produced upon that part of the retina, Will be the oiia resulting from tlie combina tion of the ether six. The greanish blue color of the sun, then, I think, dcftended upon the rerl rays being r^tlectedby the intervening body of vapor, while the other six passed to the eye, and prodiiced the observed appearance. This opinion was strengthened by one or two fu-ts observed at the time. I passed the kun’s rays throu«h a prism, and while the yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet col ors appeartd with their proportionate bright- Less, the orange was considerably less dis tinct, and the red much less than the orange. Another corroborative fact was, that, as the sun descended below the body of vapor, which was about til'teen or twenty minutes l>oforc its setting, the va[»or reflected an in-' tensely red light—the light tliat passed through it was therefore seprate from the j rf-d, and would have produced the opfwsitc,! or greenish blue appearance. ilie e|*ot that was observed, is by no nir ans an unusual thing ujnm the sjn's disc, j It was visible to the unprotected eye, mere ly in consf.qiitncc of the diminished bright ness of the sun. By aid of a telescope, a considerable number of fipcU were visible. In the summer of I'jIG, a spot was visible to the naked eye for eight or ten days in succession. If the above remarks arc any way sjitis- fiictory to you, it will be a gratifkalion to i Your sincere tri»Tid, UL.NJA.MIN HALLOWELL. » It in cvifirnt. that a* the air in partially lup- by thf cumbi/ied attraction of the sun and ita pressare u[>on the earth must be dimin- ^^iJ»:d 'J'iif grcateH elTect would not w- at the itri- Jiitdiitte time of conjunction, but tcmc days al'ter. From the Carolinii Ohsrrvf r. i fntcrruif Improntment.—We think there art circumsfaiK-es of recent occurrence in our .State, winch indicate a deejier interest 111 the doings of the I^egislatiire than the I^eople have Ik-cii accustomed to (ijfl for them i and when th'-y arc once fully arouB- bj' the contemplation of its past neglect of tiie great cause of Internal Improvements, wb cannot doubt that they will provide a remedy. Tlie great ditl'iculty in this Slate has heretofore Ix-eii, to get the people to act, to procure a general *»xpresKion of en lightened public opinion. 'I'hc members of the Legisluturfl are generally afraid to risk their jwpularity upon measures of doubttui policy ; and those tew who have projected plans of improvement, have not been suffi ciently sustained by their fellow members. The able report of Mr. Fisher, a few years ago—the resolutions, year after year, by different memliers, in I'avor of liuil-lloads from Fayetteville to the West—and even the proposal for an appropriation of a few thousand dollars to make an experimental Rail-Uoad in this town—have all alike fal len upon deaf ears, simply because the peo ple have been inert, tamely submitting to whatever of good or evil their Legislators may do for them. We will not believe that such indifference can much longer prevail; if there were no other cause for hope, the all-engrossing question to be agitated at the ensuing session, would create an interest which will not again sleep, as we hope and believe. W hat, then, will be the result of this awakened feeling? Can there be a subject of more lasting concern, than the providing of good roads t'rom the rich and iertile regions of Western North-Carolina, to the Market Towns on the sea biard '— L'ntil we make them, our strength anl wealth are still doomed to be frittered away, —tiie one by emigration, and the other by expenses of transportation. It is the interest of the Western and Cape Fear sections of the State, at least, and it ought to be, and we doubt not will sooner or later he, the acknowletlged interest of the whole State, as it is the dictate of experience and common sense, to provide the verj- best means f r the farmer to convey his produce to a niak**t, urithinthe State. To argue the point is needless, whilst there exist so mui^’ striking arguments in the stufK-ndous woms of our Sister States, executed and in progiess of execution. Public opinion has too con clusively settled down in favor of Rail-Roads u{K>n all great thoroughl'ares, to requint any reasoning upon the subject. It is the spir it of the age; and we trust that Nortii-Car- olina will not much longer delay to fall m with it, but will umlertake a Iliil-Road from Fayetteville to the West. We sliall be forced into it in self defence : otherwise, we shall be undersold in every market.— The planter in Western South-Carolina, ainl he in Western Virginia, who can convey every article of surplus produce to market, for one per cent, of its value, will possess so manifest an advantage over him of Western \orth-Carclina, who can get uily a few leadma; articles to market, and they at a I cost of fifty per cent, that we shall be soo- ' ner or l*ter forced into measures of self de- I fence. L«t us begin in lime, Umo. TW means are not wanting. Tlie crelit of the State is ample for the procurement of any . required sum. And under present circum- I stances, whilst there is so much tear of the failure of private entcrprizcs of any kind, and so little available capital to invest in them, we hold it to be a paramount duty of the Legislature to set the exainple; to strain its energies and its credit to the extreme*^! length rather than ieuve us longer in a con dition merely of existence, without the ca- [lacity for material improvement. The next Legislature will be more than ordinarily intelligent; and we lc.ok to it, if it.s time is not too much occupied with the subject of Convention, for a movement upon this im portant subject. We would appeal to it as the last hope of the State ; we would urge upon it every consideration of individual and of public wealth and power ; everj feel ing of Slate pride. We would point its members to the every-day exhibition of their sons deserting the land of their birth, the domestic fire side, the graves of their ancestors, in search of a bnd where toil meets With its appropriate reward, and where they can sec Ihtir children grow up with an assurance of something better than a bare existence. The Mysterious Knocking.—Our readers will remember an account, lately pubhshed, of a mysterious knocking heard on the head board of the bed and on the floor near the bed of a girl troubled with hysteric fits, in Daniels-street, in this city. Shortly after the former account was published, the girl was moved to the country, and for a time the knocking* left her- But they were re- sumed while she was in the country ; and on her sub-joquent removal back to this city, they again returned. She was placed on a hammock swung from the ceiling, and to it there was no head-board ; but the knockings were heard on the floor beneath the ham mock, and they have also been heard on the door near where thehammfjck was pla ced. She ha-s likewise l>een laid on a lied- stead and on a cot, and the knockings have followed her. Public interest and curiosity have once more been awakened; su[»ersti- tion is again busy, and the friends of the girl are daily pesten;d with ar:counts of re- inedies to exorci«« the evil spirit, which it is said possesses her, or to destroy the pfjw- er of the witch who has control over her. It is ho|K)d that the medical nn-n may inte rest themselves in the matter, and, if possi ble, ascertain the cause of these knockings. By so doing, they might relieve the mise ries of the girl, and remove the foolish fan- tasies of those who I>»;lieve in supernatural agencies, and pay reverence to imaginary beings.—Adt Foreign IntiUigcnee, By the ship .Mary Howland, Capt. How land, we have received Liverpool dates to July 13th inclusive. They announce the ikath of the (1 rand Duke Constantine, brother of the l'hii|)erur of Russia, and the immediate author of the oppressions which led to the revolution in Poland. It is intimated, we know not how correctly, that he died by his own hand. Mr. Stanly has withdrawn the clause in his Irish bill for punishing with transpor tation any person found in the possession of unregistered arms. Ministers have announced their intention of going through with the English reform bill previously to the discussiou of the Irish and Scotch bills. It is rumored, that the 23d of September is tixed for the coronation of their Majesties. BELGIIM. Piincc l.EopoLu is now king of the Bel gians. After a day’s discus^ion, a division took place, when tlie members for the Prince were Against.Ium 76 Majority oti A de|iittation, composed of M. Labcau, Minister of Foreign AtEiirs, Count F. de Meronde, Barons Josepli D’Hougvoorst and Woelinar, and Mr. Hope, left IJrussels on Sunday night, to wait on thi> new Sovereign of Iklgiuin, KING LEOPOLD 1st. roi.AXo. I'he Warsaw .lotiriials, which reach to the 27th June, contain a report t'rom the (jcneral-in-Chiet’, dated Warsaw, June 24, relative to the ojK'rations of the army a- gainst the corj>s cf Rudiger in the govern ments of Podlachia and Jiihlon. On the loth, the Polish head-qiiarters were at Si- ennica, where the Itcneral-in-Clnef remov- e»l to second the operations of IJetierals Sanskowski and Rybinski, and to cover Warsaw. On the 18th, Prybuotki took Zbuczynaml Siedlec, where he tbund large magazines. Jankowski, with a division of Infantry, some cavalry under (Jeneral Tar- no ami General Romanno, were onlered to Kozk, in the government of Lublin, and then, with this improved force, to attack and defeat (ieneral Rudiger. Jankow>ki took Lukow on the 2^th, and when he ar rived at Gulow, n»*ar Adaniow, he heard that the enemy had crossed over at Lysol- yki, to the right bank of the Wieptz. Fenr- mg that ho might escape, he directed his whole corp? into small detachments, and sent General Tarno to Lysolyki, near Bud- zi!‘kv General Tarno, who had only 3IWKJ men, met with the enemy about 3 o’clock in the morning of the lOtli, but no assistance came; the enetny was alone lO.lMtO strong. The action coatinued till U A. M. and both ^larfies kept their positions. General Tarno, on receiving positive, orders, retreated to Czama. Mis los-s was 270 killed and wounded; besides this, de- tnrimients of fW? enemy got between the scattered corps of General Jaukowski, and took two of his aids-de-campB who were the bearers of his orders, and the quarter-mas ter, Maj. Buliyon, prisoners. On the same day, after the action fought by Gen. 1’arno, all Jankowski’s force was assembled at Gu- lowska Wola; and RiKliger assembled his at Pivyloczna; after which the former be gan his retreat to Warsaw, and the latter also retreated. Generals Jankowski and Bakowski are to \>e tried by a court mar tial for not having supported Gen. Tamo. The latter was the nearest to 'I’amo, and yet did not go to help him, though lie heard the cannon^e. The Warsaw State ia- zette, however, says that Chnuuiowski took the town of Lublin on the 20th, and joined Romanno on the 23d; and, that in the bat tle near Lublin, between Chrzanowski and Rudiger, the latter is said to have lost 6000 men, taken prisoners, and 8 pieces of cannon. I'be accouiitii from Lithuania are gener ally unfavorable. It appears, that the chol era is becoming less malignant in its char acter at Dantzig and Riga. H .fane 29.—The Russians, were said yesterday to be within 12 miles (Eng lish) of Warsaw. The command has de volved upon Gen. Paskcwitsch, who is by birth a Pole. NEWS FROM POLAND-EXTRACTS FROM THE GERMAN PAPERS. Warsaw, Juae28.~^ur government has just issued a procbmation to the Polish na tion, with the view of convincing it of the necessity of j>articipating in the loan just opf;ried. A report is in circulation that the Rus sians have quitted Plosk, and are retiring into Lithiiaiiia; the Poles have received orders to pursue them bi>yond the Bug. 'I'he last accounts from Poland, are da ted Warsaw, June 30, and arc almost en tirely confined to the details of an exten sive and formidable coaspiracy against the National (ioveniment, just discovered, in volving several persons in the army, and some of the principle branches of the Ad ministration. The object of this ironspira- cy api>ears to have been of an anti-revolu tionary nature, and in favor of the enemy. In consequence of those circumstances three dirtijrent proclamations have l)cen is sued at the same time by the President of the Governtnent, by Princo Czartorj ski, by the commander-in-chief, and by the Muni cipal Council. They agree in attributing the conspiracy to tha. perfidy of the Rus sians, and to treason on the part of scveial General and inferior ofTioer'*. B'f* iltli^’ these proclamations were addressed to the people of Warsaw, public traiKpiility has been seriously interrupted in that quarter, and an extensive insurrection broke out there on the 29th ult. upon the arrest of some officers accused of treason, particular ly General Ilurtig, accused of keeping up a correspmdrnce with the Rusr^ian ex-CoIo- nel Breudel, treating with respect to the de- livcmiiceofand arming the 12,000 Russian prisoners, marehing them to Warsaw, and hoisting the counter-rovoliitionary flag in that capital. The people tliemselves were for taking prompt vengeancc against the traitor, and demanded to have him instantly hunr in front of his house. AH the eflbrts ot tl>e diflerent authorities to quail this disturb ance were some time inellectual; and even the citizen guard was unable to bring the people back to order; and it w;is only up on the request of the venerable President of the Government and the formal assur ance that justice should be done—that the |)Cople at la>t retired amidst the tries of “ The Pre»sident forever." St. Pctcrsburt^h, 2June.—By an im- [lerial ukase, addressed to the S«'nuie on tlie 4th, (IGth) June, a general amnesty is de clared in tiivor of all those who have taken part in the rcUdlion, and particularly for the nobility, commanders of troops, mem bers of the pri;>thood, vVc., on condition that they express their contrition, and oiler by their future comlui t a sBtisfactory guar antee lor the sincerity )f their opinion.— Severe punishments are decret'd against those who persist in their disobedience, or who again return to insubordiiuitmn. _ J .11 ■ ■ I, I "J I .. I I n»B From tJie Washington Ulubc, Aug. 21. Wo learn from the Mis-si-ssippi, that on the 31 St of July, two or three hours before day, a party of from *30 to lt>0 Sacs i^nd Fox Indians, siirpri.sed a Mi'iiuminee camp, I 3 or ItlO hundred yanls alxive old Fort Crawfonl, on the east sid»‘ of the .Mi.ssis.sip- pi, and killed twenty-live of the latter, and wouiidfd many, who may probably recover. There were about 30 or 10 Menomiiiees, men, women, and children in the camp, mo.st of whom Here drunk,and the women had concealed their guns and knives to pre vent their hurting each other. The Sacs and Foxes, though greatly supi-rior in num- l)crs and attacking by surprixf- a drunken and unarmed etKampment, lost several men, who were seen to fall in the onset, and re- treattsl in less than t n minut s with only a few scalps, pursued by only 4 or ."> Meno- miiiecs, who fired upt>n tliem until th y were half a mile U low the village. The (larty killed, consisted of one war chief, three head men, four warriors, six women and eleven children. This massacre of the Menominees is a most audacious aggression, not only ogaiiMt the unfortunate sufl**rers, but again.st the authority of the United States. 'I’he Mc- nomitH>es were on a visit to our p*«t at Prai rie dn Chien,—were sleeping under the flag of tlie United States, and almost under the guns of the fort. 'I’he ass;iihng party cross ed from the we.st bank ol' the Mississippi and made their attack in defiance of’ the power which has hitherto, m a great de. gree, iKjrn enabled to hold in check the fierce tribes even when at a distance from the military [)osts. 'I’he violence recently committed within the very precincts of the natiotial authority, will r»‘quire the interpo- sition of the arm of the frovemment, that an example may be made by bringing the murderers to justice. .Ni;w-viRK, Ai'C. 2.-». Conxtitut 'tonality of the 'J'ariff.—We are indebted to Captain Halsey, of the shi[) William Drayton, for the (!iiarle.stoo Mer cury, of the 2t»th inst. It contains a state ment of facts in relation to the ('ustom House Itond, at Charleston, the fwvrnent of which has been refu.sel in order to obtain a judicial decision on the question of the con- stitiitionanty of the Tanfl'. It appears that the bond was given by I>aac 1%. Holmes and Alexander Mazyck, for duties on goods im ported by them. Mr. Holmes and Mr. Mazyick imported through the agency of one of our most res pectable mercantile houses, a hale of Blue Plains, tlie subjoined account of which, ta ken froni the invoice at the ('ustom House, and from the account sales rendered by the mercantile house through which the (JtKxls were iiii|)ortnd aiwl sild, will show some im portant facts. It will appear that the duty of these Plains is prohibitorv, and conw- quently that no revenue can be raLsed u|M>n their imprt, the l»«s lK;ing such that they cannot be imported. It will al**o lie seen that, with a moflerate duty of ITj per cent., they would have yielded a clear f>rofit Midi- cient to induce Merchants to import them. For these dulien three bonds were given; one of which being due is m suit. As the case proges.scs the public will lie further informed of whatever is deemed wortlty of not*. It is probable the ca.-te will Iw trieil in September, as the writs are already iseucd. A Free n'uin of color, named Cozz‘ns, was .jtabbed in Lower layetteville on Sun day, by another named Mitchell. 'Phe lat ter is from Raleigh, and has been but a short time in this place. He is uow in jail, to await the is.suc of the wouml, which will probably prove fiital. [t'oroli'ia Ob.urtrr. Improvement.—^I’he number of houses built, removed, and now building, is as great fls could have been anticipated by the mo6t sanguine. Until within a few days, howe* ver, they were small, and built without much regard to durability or elegance. Whilst it is to be regretted Ural any auch occupy con-wpicuous placcs ob our principal streets, it could hardly be avoided under the cir cumstances. So general was the desU'uc tion, that it was necessary to adopt the most expeditious modes of securing placcs for business. But wc begin to see evidences o{ a more liberal scale of building. The frames of several large stores have been raised, and the fi)undations of several two storj' brick buildings laid, and preparations making for the commencement of a number of others. Wc presume that not less than two or three hundred workmen have been added to our population, all of whom find employment at fair wages. There is an appearance of a»'- tive business, greater probably than over was witnessed in this place in the suininer season. [FtxyetteriUe Obterccr. Manufactures.—A pound of crude iron costs in tins country four cents; it is con verted into steel, which is made into hair- sprinjjs for watclies—every one of wliicU sells f'lr fifty cents, weighing only oue-tenth of a grain. 'Phere are 57(H) grains in a pound; of course one pound will make.'>7,- ti(M) hair-springs, which at 50 ccnts ,\lloK'lialf for waste ..... 14,4(M) tI4,4UU Now why is it that this increased value is given to the |>ound of iron ? 'I’he answTr is at hoinl: because it re(]uircs so much la bor to produce hair-springs. And as tho laborer con-«imes ho large a |>ortioo of Mir agricultural productions, it follows; that the working up of 100 pounds of iron intu hair-springs, would produce a market for nearly one million four hundred and forty thiMJfcaiid dollars of the lab^»r ol’ the agri culturalist. Of ciHirse, if manufactured a- broad and brought m here, tiie law nuitc- rial lieing of scarcely any value, evi ry hair- .spring of a watch is some forty or forty-tivo cents worth of agricultural productions im ported tocomjiete with our liirmers. Let any one inquire at a watch-rnaker’a •shop, and he will find this correct/ And it w in tins way, in a greater or le.ss degrc?, that manufacturers b;nefit every member of so ciety.—Whnt a quantity of hats, shoes, clothes,&:c. mast Ix* wanted in the manufac ture of 100 [XMiods of iron into liair-sj)nngs! y, K. Jmirmit. •fiiirtiertf in From tlic KaltigU Uc|^istcr. IiMtuiKtruoN UriiQ^ji!—The dis agreeable rumors which wpr^j in ciicula- tion in this city, at the date of our last |>ul>- lication, in relation to an Insurrection ut' the Slaves in Southampton county, Va. and a brief notice of whnh wc inserted in a lV*st- script, turns out to be but too well founded ! Though in its actual limits confincHi ahiMva to a single point, yet from a concurrence of ' circuinf^tances jK Culiaily affecting, it swells , to an afl'iiir of national importance and will excite an interrst as wide as the r*-i>;n of sensibility it.«elf. Could it be ad«-quately delineated, it would .subdue the .savage bo som, though schooled in the practice of hu man torture. Like the head of Medasn, it can S4 areely be looked on w ithuut converting the spectator into marble. We Le;; pardisi, however, for resorting to fable—th‘ dismal reality is alone nulTicient—far beyond tho powers of fiction. From the multiplicity of reports to whirli thLs soul harrowing occurr» nce lias gneu birth, we have endeavored to mil such fact.H as wc believe to l>c substantiali-d. 'Phei-o We will succinctly presi'iit to our readers, without however vouching for their priritc accuracy, though we have every reason to suppose them correct. They may serve to allay the anxiety of the public, until some thing o^cial ap|x.‘ars. On .Sunday, the 2lst ultimo, there wa.« a negro preaching in tho neighborhK>d of the Cross Kfys, in Southampton cmmty, al>oiit ten miles from the (’ourt Hou«*e, at which a bkick pn acher (a slave) named AVif Tvr- ner, othciatcd. \\ hat the character of hi.s discourse w as, is not stated, but is a fair .sub ject ofinforence f'roin tho flict that the con spiracy broke out the same evt*ning in that neighliorhwMl, and was headed by tho jmurhrr hiiiuu lf, in conjunction with a fn o man of color, ailed II ill Artist. His !ii- rangue mo't probably wa^; the immediate raii.se I’f the disturbance, f’or it seems from all the fti'coiinls that flie niinilK'r of insur gents was few and that there exi.sled iiolhii g like a concerted plan, except in the luirn^w '•ircle where it lK-;;an. IVrhapw by animat ing and cncoiini;;,iig the timed with Iio[ks of success, removing (he s'ruples ol’ the re-- ligioiis by grossly prostituting the sacred oracles, and inflaming and confirming tho resolute, by all the savage fiscmations of blo»d anil iKKitv, this mi'-.-ntUrd preacher so worked upon the feelifjgs of his auilitors that they imniediiitf'ly rewilved U[)on their blcKsly course. Be this however, as it may, it is certain that on that evening about fil’iy negroes, headed by the two persons b*tfore mined, rose m o[H;n ret>cllionand commenc ed an indiscriminate slnughler of the whiten, sparing in their blood thirsty infatuation, neither i^c, sex, or condition. During that night at;d the following day, they succeed- ed 111 killirijf mf>re than Si.vxv Wuitks.—
North Carolina Whig (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Sept. 7, 1831, edition 1
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