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*«
JOSEPH W. HA3IPTON,
.“The powers granted under the Constitution, bem» derived from the People of tho Vmiv-l Siate.s may be resumed by them, whenever perverted to their injury or oppression.”—iWatiison-
VOLUME I
CHARLOTTE, N. C,, AUGUST 10, 1841.
S NUMBER 23
TERMS
American Naval Defences.
Thf ^lecnlcnhiirpc JeJTersonia:i'' is published weekly, at
7’jfo Dollars and l\fly Cents, if paid in advance; or 7'hrce
Dollar?, if not paid before the expiration of three months
fioni the thno of subscrilnnif. Any prrson Avho will procure
5.\t'>uhscribers auil btcoirio reppon?ibIc It'r their s?ubsoriptions,
shall have n copy of the paper gra'i:^;—or, a ctub of ten sub-
s'ji'ibiT5 niuy liavf ilic pa]i*.r ono year for 1 icciity iJollai's in
advance.
No paprr wiil bo iii:?’ontiMucd w'nilc the subscriber owes any
if lie is ai>!o To pay;—and a failure to notify the Editor
of a wi>h fo disooniliitie hast one month boforo the cxpira- i
l:.»n of thf: time paid fov, will be considered a new engagrmont.
Oria^innl Sunscribtv.> wiil nor be allowed to discontinue th.'
] rip-;r b for'’, the t xpiratiou of the first yoar wjhout paying for
a fiil! y.T.i's sub^^cr;p^il.l1.
la’rirtiserncnL^ will I)0 coaspiiuous’y anl correctly ins.ort-
f J at One Dollar \KT sqtiare for tiic first insertion, and Tirni-
t Cents for i.a'^h conrimiance—exct pt Court and other
T ;-^]icial a'i\vr’is“int’nt>, wluch will be c]iarg*(j/;•£/?iM’r . .
... , , , construclion ana cninloymcnt of our Navy as most
ir.ahor tlran tb.e abiH'C rates, (owuiii to the delay. c;en.;- i n* . n . . .* * , .
ra'iiy, att( nd.mt upon collectiou.-''). .V liberal discount will
House of Representatives. ..July 17.
Mr. King, from the Committee on Naval Af-
fliirs, to whom the subject had been referred, sub
mitted the following Report;
The Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom was
referred so much of the President’s message and
accompanying'documents as relates to the Navy, ask
leave to report on the expediency of prpviding for the
suppport of a home squadron, as recommended in the
report of tho Secretary of the Navy.
The changcs which the introduction of steam
power has already effected and is constantly produ
cing in the naval arniaments of the maritime Pow
ers of Europe, evidently require the most prompt
ntid efficient action on the part of the Government
of itie United States, to meet this new and power
ful auxiliary in naval warfare, by so changing the i
Government by Mr. Cuiiard and his associates to
carry the Royal mail from Liverpool to Halifax for
the sum of sixty thousand pounds sterling, or $-291-
GOO per annum. In compliance with this contract,
four steamers have been constructed and placcd on
the iine, of twelve h’lrjclred tons burden and -150
horse power each. Tiicsc vessels leave Liverpool
and Hahliix every fortnight, and perform the trip
ncros.? fhp Atlnntir* ench wav with frreat r.prtoinrv in
more must be recollected by ail. A law has recent
ly been enacted, authorizing the Government tc es
tablish a line at armed steamers from Havre to
New York, on the plan of the British West India
mail lino; and, surprising as it may seem, a num
ber of gentlemen in Boston have actually sent in
proposals to take the contract, if l/iaf city instead of
N. York shall be inserted in it. Thus it will be
perceived that our own merchants, driven by the
aws of trade and intercotise, are about throwing the
to ihosi- who aJv.Ttise by Uio year. Advertisement.'; sent
in f“r pal)ii''a'!'>:i. must be jnarkeii with tlie number of ius^.T-
t: ms des:rt l. or ih-’v w.il be pubhsijcd uuiil loibid aiul eharg
td acror.iin;:ly.
fjr’ L’ ;as to tiie iMiitor. unless .'ontaaiinir money in sum.^
of /-’irr. D(>ll‘ir.^, or ovrr. must 'ome free of postage, or the
amount paid at tho odice here will be rharged to the writer,
in i.verv instance, and collected as other accouiitf;.
August.
DA />'.
10 'I'u s lay,
11
1 : Tl5i:r~.;ay.‘
! ! I'riJay,
i t Sa'urilay,
} i Suiiiny.
)u .Mondav.
Sl-N
fclN
SKT.
T-' (5
i'» !.“> 0 }
bi 'j -11 H
!7 5 ■ 1 i ti '
1'= 5 ' 42 •; ,
I jasi (iuartor,
.\-!W >Iofiii
I" l-i,ii ir;er
rail '\loo;i.
i:».
10
■•) »
18 n
11. M.
4 Hi M.
i :i M.
•1 17 K.
511-:.
H 1-1:.
’;Ujiw5>a Spriiis^;
TIIK
• '•■“iirrallV. that
i^ith.'Crihi r wtuihl iuiorni flic puhlio
111' IS ])rop:u*(*ti to onlorrain Vi.dt^r.-j
at the ahovi* celebrafeJ \vateriiig-j)Iai't\ ;yid pledges
hiinself that no otl'orrs .^li.-ill bf; to rendor
(■onitortahl** and prolltnMo the >tay o!' all wiio may
mil on him. Tornis oi’ hoard inoJerato. to suit tiie
Tuivv. THOMAS VLVMPTOX.
Lini'oln co’inty. N. C.. April G, 1^10,
eiotU vV SJtMtclj iUiiatvtnfl.
n F.SPKr TFUI.L Y inform? the cif-
i.'* tis ofCharlotlo and the public p:in*-
rally, that he ha.: opened a shop in the
town of (JharloTt'*. nearly opjtusite the
• V‘;.roiina v. lu're lu-will Ix' glad t ) recei\ e
v.'ork in his line of husines.. Clocks, Wotches. »S:c..
will V>e rei>ain‘d in the most sahstanlial manner, at
^iiort notice, on r.iodoratt'. tonn.«, and warranted to
]torihnn well. A })ortiou of public patronage is
vo^’,)t‘Ctfolly soii'-iied.
.‘harlotfc. .lutio 1. IS n.
13...P
REPAIRING.
SrJJom.i.s Ci'ottrv*
STILL confinues to repair ry«>*/rs* and JVa/rhe'f in
the very host manner, if requested by the avn-'
or to do so. He is well .-uj>plied with all kinds of
inaferial.=. Hi. Shop Is in the .tewellery Store of S.
!*. Alexand.''-r, sittiated South from the Conrthouse,
h«-tf.*oon tiie ” Mansion House '■ and the Charlotte
Hotel.'’ It will be his earnest desire to do work
taithlully. so as to merit encouracremcnt.
Hi.s price shall he a.^ moiierate as po>sihlc
for CA.SH. (’('/iiariotte. .^uly H. lS41...1\v
DB. C. J. FOX
Has rrceivo'l a Inrgo and general assortment of
MEBICINEN,
Si IJaint.ef, ©tl.0,
1 )yo-Sluris. ]Vr{‘iini(‘ry. Hionipsoiiian
WiiK's und Spirits lor
iiicdical use.
And a variety of other nrlirles. all of v/hich he
wfjrriinl.s £reimine, and wiil sell low for tw//.
']iarlott'. April 27. JSlo, S....F
ZJJtlUam k eo.
Tyi>‘ aii«1 St‘r«M>lype Foundry,
74 Fulton. Cornf.r of fiold Slrrci. Neiv-York.
The Sul)scribers lake thi.s method of announc
ing to tiieir h-iends and the public gem'rally.
tiiat. ha\ ing })urcha.sed tlifi extensive and well known
f) i^jie tPciin^
formerly owned by Messrs. Conner and Cooke, they
have removed the same to their present central po
sition. Having made exienaive revi.cions, additions,
and alterations, they a4-e now prepared to execute
orders of any magnitude they may be favored with,
with promptnes.s, and on as favorable terms as at
any other Foundry in America. To their new Spe
cimen Book, which has been recently extensively
circulated, they would respectfully refer.
All articles manufactured hy them shall be of a
material equal, if not superior to any manufactured
in this country—and undergo a thorough examina
tion as to appearancj', ranging, dressing, and proper
ly assorting. All articles exhibited in the Specimen
Book, Ibrmcrly issued by Conner and Cooke, toge
ther with sorts to Fonts sold by them, can now bo
lurnished from this 1’ oundry without delav, with
many .^inee added.
W ILLIAM HAGAR &■ CO. are agents for the
sale of the Napier, Washington, and Smith Presses,
uhich, together with Chases, Case.s, Composing
Sticks, urniture, Ink. and every article used in the
printing business, will be kept on hand, and furnished
Jit manufacturers’ prices.
N B.—Ao machine cast Type manufactured at
this Foundry.
\ jw-York. February ?-5, 1911. 3-3m
cffectu;illy lo protcct our commerce and guard our
foacoast ngjiinst the sudden approach of an enemy
employing this new and formidable description of
forcc; :ind it is the opinion of the committee that
no measure is more inperiously demanded by every
consideration of prudence and safety than that re
commended in tho report of the Secretary—the em-
ployn)cnt of a liome squadron, composed in part of
arnjod steamers. He verj^ .jnstly remarks, that
•• Had a wav with great Britain been the re
sult. as was at one time generally feared, of the sub
jects of diificulty now in a course of adjustment be-
voo V .N’ PIIiSK. ' tliat Power and the United States, not only
would our trade have been liable to great interrup
tion, and pur tnerchants to great losses abroad, but
a nival force, comparatively small, might, on our
very shores, have seized our merchant ships and
insulted our flag, without suitable means of resis
tance or immediate retaliation being at the com
mand ot fho Government. To gitard against such
a result—!o he ever ready to repel or promptly to
chast ise aggression upon our own shores, it is ne
cessary that a poiverful squadron should be kept
afloat at home. This measure is recommended b}’
other considerations. There is no situation in
wliich greater ?kill or seamanship can be exerciscd
and acquired than on the coast of the United States;
and in no scrvice would our officers and seamen be
come more thoroughly inhiated in all that is neces
sary for the national defence and glory. In that
service, aided by the coast survey now in progress,
a thorough acquaintance would be gained with our
own seacost, extensive and hitherto but imperfect
ly known; the various ports woukl be visited; the
bays, inlets, and harbors carefully examined; the
uses to whicli each could be made av’ailable during
war, either for cfscape''. defence, or annoyance, be as
certained: and Ii.ie conffdence resultiiig from perfect
knowledge would give us, \vhat we ought surely
to possess, a ilecided advantage over an enemy on
our own shores.” In addition to the excellent and
comprehensive view presented by the Secretary, the
committee beg leave to submit a few observations in
regard to the present state of our seacoast defences,
their efficiency in ease of war, and the measures
now being adopted by Great Britain and Franee to
change their naval armaments from the common
vessels of war to armed steamers. It is a fact al
most too notorious for remark here, that our fortifi
cations arc in a most inefHcient condition. Many
of those that have been completed are not supplied
with cannoii, others are going rapidly to decay—
some are unfinished and progressing so slowly that
it will require many years to complete them; none
of them are properly garrisoned, and some have
not a man to keep the gates closcd. These fortress
es have cost immense sums of money, and if well
supplied with guns and garrisons would afford but
partial protection to a few points on our seacoast
and to our armed squadrons in time of war. They
Could not defend us against the armed steamers of
an enemy, whicn might pass them in the night, or
avoid them by entering harbors wliere there are
no fl)itifications. 7 his last remark is peculiarly
appljcable to the Southern coast, where there are
numerous harbors on the Atlantic and the Gulf of
-Mexico, and not a fort, from Charleston to iMobile,
in a condition to fire a gun. In the event of a war
\\itli trance or Great I3ritain, tho fortifications at
Pensacola, and perhaps others, might he seized and
held by the enemy, or any of our unprotected har
bors might be entered by fleets of armed steamers
loaded with black troops from the West Indies to
annoy and plunder the coimtry. The Northern
portion of the yVtlantic coast where such \’ast sums
have been expended to place it in a state of defence,
would by no means bo secure against the rapid
movements of such an enemy. The harbor of
New York itself might be entered through the in-
Ict at Amboy and Staten Island Sound, and the for-
tilications at the Narrows entirely avoided. The
city might be sacked or laid under contribution be-
toie a sufficient force could be collccted to prevent
the approach or escape of so formidable an enemy •
and It is seiiously to be feared that there is not a har
bor on the whole coast, however well defended
ag.imst the sailing ships of an enemy, that these
steaniers might not enter, by avoiding the forts or
passing them in the night. If this is true, it must
be perceived that not only our commerce, but our
cities, with all their weahh, would be at the mercy
of an enemy employing a force so rapid and certain
in Its movements. It, therefore, becomes a question
of the most urgent and vital importance to the Peo
ple and Government of the United States how they
can soonest and best provide the means of meetino-
this new and powerful auxiliary in maritime war!
I’he employment of a home squadron, as recom
mended by the Secretary of the Navy, must be
justly regarded as not only the best means of meet
ing any sudden emergency that may arise, but of
leading to such ulterior measures as may be fotmd
necessary to give to our commcrce and seacoast the
greatest possible security. *
As connecting itself immediately with this sub
ject and calling for the most vigilant course of poli
cy on the part of the Government of the United
States, the committee beg leave to call the attention
of the House to .the measures now being adopted
by Great Britain to keep afloat andactiv^ely employ
ed on our Northern coast and in the West Indies a
large number of steamers of the largest class; ma
ny of them with their guns on board, and the others
at all times jeady to receive them.
Some time since, a contract was made with that
across the Atlantic each way with great certainty in
twelve days. These st eamers are commanded by
officers of the Royal Navy, and are to be at all -n' ^
times subject to tho orders of Government. **^80 jntn th^ hnfr! f en-erpiise, and capital
great have been nut only the focihtieg affbrdaA to ''5”
° !•» 101 proper action and encouragement on the part of
commerce and intercouoc, but saving to the revenue t ;i .u * *1, -i- •
. . ^ p . I their ov.n Cjovernnient, and that the humihatin£r
m the cos of carrying the ma 1, hut ,t ,s no^.y pro-, American mer-
posed to double t!ie number o steamers, at they | commercial
may leave their respective ports every week instead I ^ ■ i c
' c . - I. r,, r 1 T .. 1 *■ n 1 pul^all^, being enipioiea to support a naval force
of every fortnight. 1 London Journal ot Gain-1 5;-.,. ,,,,,,,, : ^ fV. A-f- • i •
..^'r , , ,, 1 . , 1 » tiud iiiav oe aucctea against the cities in v/hich they
nierce says: *• Linder iho oid packet sysieri, between I jo j
Falmouth and Halifax, by the gun'bngs, the e.v j
pense to Government was about forty thonsandj e.iiploved in (he protection of our
pounds sterln,g annu,il.y more tha^ ot I con.merce and our flag abroad, without danger of
pob.age. By the line of Cunard s steam ships, a j aggicssion on our own coast, because the. fleets of
balance of twenty thousantl pounds appears airoady | an enemy could no sooner approach fo assail than
to the crelit side of llie Atlantic mails.” I nis line i our own return to defend us. But the introduction
has been extended to Boston. steam power has effected such astonishing chan-
On the ~Oth March, 1810, a contract was enter- j gcs. that armaments on the most extensive scale are
ed into between the Commissioners ot the Admiral-1 no longer to be considered as alone .suited to the pur-
ty and the Ro} al Mad Steam Packet Company, I noses of war, but tho mo.st formidablo vessels the
or convejMiig “all her Majest^”’s mails” from such | world has ever seen ave to be employed in the trans
port m the British channel as the commissioners 1 portation of the mail, passengers, and freight, to pass
shall pi escribe, to the West India Islands, iho coast i along the whole lino of our coast, and into our ports,
ot k.outh America, Mexico, and tho United States, as familiarly as common trading ships. If these
touching and delivering the mails at tne ports spe- ; vessels can be rendered profitable in time of peace,
cifitd on the map anueved to this report, on which j the secuntv thev will render to person and proper-
are traced the various lines of communic;ition to be ! ty, from the alt;icl:s of privateers and small armed
established in ptiisuaiK-o of the contract. 1 he com- | vessels, will render them indispensable in time of war.
pany is bound to “ provide, maintain, keep .seawor-1 The system is yet in its infancy; and it is not in
tny, and m complete repair and readinfss’ for the [ tlie power of the committee to sav. with any deo-rce
purpose of convp'ing tho mails, “a sufficient num- | of accuracy, how far it may be rendered useful to
ber not less than fourteen—of gootl, substantial, ! our commerce, or profftably connected with our na-
and efhcifnt steam vcsseb, ol sucli construction and | vy; to what e.xtent it may be made to support it.elf.
streng h as to be fit and able to ca- -y guns of the 1 ov the policy of other Government., ’
largest calibre now ■ ‘ ■ ’
steam vessels of war.”
and at all times, sucii changes or improvements in
construction, machinery, armament, and rigging, as
the commissioners may rcquir^ To carry a cor- i perly inquired into, aiuf satisfactoriiy ans\vered.
tain number of Croveriiment ofFicers and men, at a I A gentleman of great respectability and much ex-
stipulated piice, and at dl times to hold their vessels jicrirncc in commercial affairs, and particularly in
subject to the orders o' sucn officer as may be pla j.=t‘’ani navigation, has given it as hi* opinion that
‘•contmcts could bo made immediately for lines of
tour steamers from Boston to Havre, of four from
Nev.* York fo Liverpool, of three from Norfolk, via
proper
ei cn board of Her Maje.ny s i regard for our own safety, may renler its adoption
10 adopt Irorn time to time, j wise or necessary. Thase are questions of the ut
most importance to all portions of this widely ex
tended country, and ought to be promptly and pro-
ced on board to assume command. This company
is to receive two hundred and forty thousand pounds
sterling per annum, which may, in certain eveuts-
o ii’^-ndred and ten thousand, or Charleston and Savannah, tu Havana, and of three
♦ r\ ttl Qww CArk -r - . ^ '
to ^1,388,800
These steamers are all in rapid progress of con
struction. They are '!. > about tons burden,
and to receive engines of 600 horse power each.
Those that have been launched are estimat'^d to be
in all respects equal to sixty-gun frigates ‘*'l’hi;s,’'
! it is said, "the country v/ill be doubly served; and.
while it pays to the mail company 24O.000 pounds
per annum for the transport of the mails, it will de
from New Orleans to Plavana. by the guaranty of
the (jovernment of less than one mii^iun oi dollars
per annum, with a iuorai cerlu'n'vof receiving back
I more than hall of i:, Ironi postage on letters and pa-
j pers, immediaidjj, and the whole in a few years.’’
i This arrangement would keep equipped and ofR-
j cercd for iinmcffiate service at least fourteen steam
I frigates, without the annual charge for repairs,
manning, victualling, &c„ &c. This system would
1 ,1^ , * .1 i' , - . . IV. imiixi.i-, on., V.VI;. 1 Ills aysiein wouiu
fray by the .amc payment, die annual charges of bring to the aid oi the Gr>v?mTnent all the enero-y.
ciinOtu
the largest and most powerful steam fleet m tiie
world, fully armed with the heaviest ordnance, to
act as war frigates when required by the Govern
ment for that purpose.” To which may. at any
lime, be added the steamers employed in Cunard’s
line, and those running- from London and Bristol to
New ^ ork. It is also said to be in contemplation
to establish another line from some port in England
to St. .Tohn’s, New Brunswick, under a contract si
milar to that made with the Royal Mail Stcampack-
et Company. All these lines will soon be in full i
opt'ration and employ at least twenty-five, and ner-i . ‘ i , • ,
. ‘ ^ .1 • , , .'1 ' : ous objects connected Vv'ith it. as ])ointed out m the
haps thirty, steamers ot the largest c ass and most ■ i /i i i
1 * ,• .1 1 report of tne becretrv. may best be nroniuted and
approved construction; those on the soutiiern line, i - 1
and probably those on the northern lines also, hav-! ' tK.c
/i • ^ 1 1 rr*t ' , i r or iiiis puipobC
ing their guns on board. These steamers are to be ' —
commanded by ofTicers of the Royal Navy, and to
carry such number of ofTicers and men as the Go
vernment under certain regulations, may require,
who will thus derive all theneccssary instruction to
enable them to command and manaofe vessels of this
skill, and economy of individuals who will, in en
terprises of this nature always surpass it.
From what lias been stated, it must, in the opi
nion ot the committee, be perceived that a powerful
squadron has become as necessary for our protec
tion at home as the employment of our sbips of war
has hitherto been, or may hereafter be, for the pro
tection of our flag and commerce abroad. I’his
squadron ought at once to be established, and from
time to time increr. a? the means placed at com
mand of tho department may permit, anil the vari*
foi
ls
^ the Committee report herewith
a bill appropriathig the amount asked for by the Se
cretary, and recommend the adoption of* the
lowing resolution:
Rf'solved, 'riiat the Secretary of tlie Navy
hereby directed to inquire into the expediency of
aiding individuals or companies in the establish
ment, of lines of armed steamers between some of
our principal Northern and Southern poit.s, and to
j foreign ports; and advertise for propo.sals for the
j establishment of such lines as he may deem most
I important and practicable, and report to this House
at the next session of Congress.
description. Of the fourteen designed to carry the
West India mails, at least teii will be constantly em
ployed in qonveying them on the various lines as
traced on the map hereto annexed: and it wiil be
seen by reference to it that this formidable fleet will
be at all times within three or four days’ run of our
Southern coast. In the event of a (ieclavation of!
w'ar by Great Britain against the United States, as
she \vill, of course possess the iiiformnlion necessa- I
ry to enable her to concentrate her forces, nil the
steamers in the West India mail service can bo col
lected at any point on the southern coast by the time
the declaration would be communicated to the Pre
sident. Tfiose employed on the Northern lines to ^
New York and Boston may commence hostilities! THE IIAf.
before the least preparation can be made to meet !
them. Depots of coal are to be established at Hali- , .
fax and at several ports in the West Indies, from { Packet (^-ompany and their Steamers, which in the
whence these fleets can be stippliod, and the predic- j course of a few months are to toucli at this city
tion made some years since by an intelligent and ex-1 twice every month outwards, and as often inwards.
The plan and extent of operations of the British
Royal Mail Steam-Packet Company alluded to in
the abov(i R'^port, may be gathcied from the follow-
in£!‘
From tlie Xew Orleans I!oe.
MAIL STEAM PACKET COM
PANY.
Tiie following account of the Royal Mail Steam
year;
perienced British officer, that their sailing ships of
war would become coal carriers to their steamers. |
will be fulfilled. ’ J
1 here are, it is said, at this time, ten thousand |
black troops in the British West Indies, and that or
ders have recently been issued to increase the num
ber to twenty-five thousand. These troops are dis
ciplined and commanded by white ofHcers, and, no
doubt, designed to form a most important portion of
the force to be employed in any future contest that
may arise between Great Britain and the United
States; and, by reference to the map of the West
India mail lines, it will be seen that, in our present
defenceless condition, a force composed of armed
steamers and troops of that description would not on-
ly give great annoyance to our coast, but most ef
fectually and at once put a stop to all communica
tion around Cape Florida, or through the passes of
the W est Indies, to or from the Gulf of Mexico, and,
consequently, the commerce of the great valley of
the Mississippi must fall into the hands of the ene
my, or its vast productions cut off from market, be
rendered valueless.
France is pursuing a course of policy in every re
spect similar to that of Great Britain. The last of
ficial register of her navy shows that she then had
thirty-seven armed steamers, carrying heavy guns,
equal in all respects, if not superior, to those of any
other nation. The sudden appearance of one of
them, some two years ago, in the harbor of Balti-
to touch
and
to us from an authentic
prove interesting to
our
in
has been communicated
source and cannot fail to
readers.
The capital of this company is £1,500,000
shares of £100 each. 'J'he direction of the Compa
ny is placed in the hands of the most eminent mer
chants in London. The Company is incorporated
under a Royal charter from the Crown, and for the
express purpose of performing the public service of
carrying the mail between England and a large
portion of the Western World. By their charter
the Company cannot own any vessel but sach as
are engaged under contract with the Government,
nor can they go to any port or place save those to
which under such contract they may be directed 'to
proceed. The present contract extends to a period
of ten years from the time of starting, and the re
muneration is £240.000 per annum during peace,
to be increased 25 per cent, should war arise. The
mails on board of every steamer will be under the
immediate charge of an officer of the Royal Navy
appointed by the Admiralty and acting under their
express authority. To distinguish them from men
of \var, and at the same time to keep them tmder
the denomination of national vessels, they will car
ry a particular Brhish post office flag.
The steamers appropriated for this gigantic ser
vice, are 14 in number, about 450 horse power and
1,-500 tons burthen each Of these, twelve will be
con'Jt'?jnt}y in active service with a snare stoa-mer in
England and one in this quarter of the world. They
are all constructed of equal power and size in order
that each may be able to take in its turn the long
voyage to England, by which means each will re
turn to that country twice every year, and thus
whatever repairs may become necessary may be
rpdily and easily made. They are intended chief
ly to carry passengers. Each cabin passenger w'ill
have a-separate birth, six feet and a half in length,
a^ 7 and 8 feet in height and neatly fitted up and
furnished. There will be a separate state room and
cabin for ladies, and the berths are so constrticted
that two can be thrown into one for the convenieijcfi ^
of families. Each vessel will contain about on^i
hundred such berths; the whole properly aired and
ventilated. Each vessel will cai'ry one large gun
on the stern, and perhaps two upon deck. The
vessels and machinery are built and constructed by
the m*ost skilful and experienced architects and en
gineers of Great Britain. .They are a little larger
than the vessels in Cunard’s line, and may conse
quently be expected to perform their voyages with
equal if not greater celerity, Specially when it is
considered that by far the greater portion of their
work will be done in a milder and more settled cli
mate than the North.
The combination under which these steamers are
to work, embraces a regular conveyance back
wards and forwards twice every month, with every
port and placc, iiisular and continental from Suri
nam on the East and the bottom of the Gulf of Mex
ico on the West, and from Halifax by New York
on the North, to Chagi :s on ♦h'B ^outh—the whole'
work on given points; so that there is no delay
whatever in tlie tr\ij.=;’nissiori of the mails either
outwards or inwad^, for as one steamer^arrives at
any given point, one or more are ready to start on
other lines of the combination.
In the transmission of the mails no more time is
occupied at any place, than is sufficient to exchange
mails and mssengers. The course outw'ards froiTi
Europe t(^his port, is by Madeira, (probably also
Corunna,) Barbadoes, St. Thomas, Porto Rico and
Havana. The time calculated to accomplish it in
cluding stoppages, is 25l days. The course tct
England is by Havana, Nassau and Fayal. Tho
time from New Orleans to London will be 22
days ; but should the steamers perform their work ,
at the average rate of Cunard’s line, tlie time be-
tween New Orleans and London, both outwards and
inwards, will be nearly two days less either way.
At Nassau the great hne is connected with North
America, and it also connects all North America
with the whole of the West Indies, Including the
coast of South America and the Gulf of Mexico.
A sailing vessel connects Madeira with Fayal —1
From Npw Orleans to St Thomas wiil require 8
days, f'-om it. Thomas to Ncv/ Orleans 7 days ;
from New Oi leans to Barbadoes 10 days, and from
Barbadoes to New Orleans, 9 to Oj'days; from
New Orleans to Laguayra, the same period, and
so on in equal proportions, throughout the wide ex--
tended combination.
The course of the steamers throughout the dif
ferent lines is so timetl that answers to letters can
be received with perfect regularity, and with the
utmost possible despatch. On the arrival of the
Europe^^n steamer at liavana, all the mails which
had come up from North America are there re
ceived. 'Two steamers immi'diately start from the
Havana; one proceeds to Now Orleans with the
outward mail. Ther>ce she goes to Tampico and
Vera Cruz and taking in the return mails, proceeds
back to Havana. The other leaves Havana for
\ era Cruz and Tampico with the outward mails,
and from the latter pi iCv. ro Now Orleans where
she takes up the vetuia mails, and carries them to
Ha\ana where she arrives at the same time with
tho other steamer, and where a steamer is ready to
ftart to bear the whole to the connecting point of
Nassau, when the mail proceeds Northward to
North America, Eastward to Europe, and South
ward to the West Indies. It will be readily per
ceived that by this arrangement ^ibundance of time
is aff^orded in every place for replies to letters.
\\ e have conversed with the commissioner who
has been appointed by the company and the govern
ment to make the necessary preparations for com
mencing this extended service. He informs us that
every government and the authorities of every co
lony British and foreign, from Surinam to the Mis
sissippi, have most readily and cheerfully acquiesced
in the views and wi.shes of the British Government
and Company, by agreeing to consider the steam
ers as National vessels, to be consequently exempt
from all port charges and custom-house dues and
regulations; and in permitting them to arrive and
deposit, land and receive mails, passengers and spe
cie at pleasure.
The agent lias politely furnished us with the
names of the gentlemen comprising the direction of
the Company. They ave the followitig: John Ir
ving, M. P., Chairman, Andrew CoUillc, vice-
Chairrnan; .Tames Cttv.ni, 'rhomas Baring, Henry
Davidson, P. Maxwel Stewart, John Irving, junr,
Robert Catosworth, William Marshall, George
Brown, Russell Ellis, and George Hilbert.
Lieutenant Hunter of the United States Navy,
has corjipteted his steamboat called the Germ^
which is intended to be used in Canals, and has
made a trip from NortblK to Elizabeth City. Tho
old North State, printed in Elizabeth City, says:
“ This invention of Lieut. Hunter has removed
all doubt of the practicability of navigating canals
by steam, without injury to I'm banks. In the trip
of the Germ from Norfolk to this place, we under
stand she passed at the rate of six miles an hour
without making as much ripple as an ordinary Ca
nal Boat. We hope that some of our enterprising
citizens will proceed immediately to the construc
tion of a suitable passage boat to run between
tliese place via. the Canal, and we learn that one of
ample size and acioinraoiition can be constructed
at a cost of not more than T[i7,0G0—if so, we hazard
nothing in saying that it \vouId be the best property
in this part of the country.”
TAe Fla.g of Repeal—was raised on the 5th, by
the gallant Democracy of the Old Bay State. At
the town of Oxford, Worcester County, Massachu
setts, there was a glorious celebration. The Oration
was delivered by Mr. Hallet, of Boston, who warm
ly urged the right and duty of repealing the Bank
Charter should the Consolidationists in Congrcsa
succeed in passing it; and at the dinner, the senti
ment “Let them Chabter and we willUncjiar-
TER ” was repeatedly given and responded to witlv
unaniraoas enthusiasm.—Charleston MercwY’
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