Newspapers / Mecklenburg Jeffersonian (Charlotte, N.C.) / April 12, 1842, edition 1 / Page 2
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niiJ he fell. The noise of the gun was the first in- tiai.ition of the enemy thnt Potter had. He sprang from his couch, seized his giin, and in his night cl()thcs rushed from the house. For about two h:in lr3d yards his speed seemed to defy his pursu- v»rs, hut getting- entangled in a thicket, he was cap- uired. told Iiim that h^ int(*ndfd to ?tct a cffnerons C5- part, and give him a chance for his life. He then Told Potter he might run, and he should not be in terrupted till he reached a certain distance. Potter started at the word of command, and before .a gun was fired lie had reached the lake, TIis first im pulse was to jump in the water and dive for it, wiiich he did. Rase was close behind him, and formed his men on the bank ready to shoot him as lie rose. In a few seconds he came up to breathe, and scarce had his head reached the surflice of the water when It was comj)letly ndJled with the shot U^ssity ii.x sufficiently high to include the interest of their guns, and he sunk to rise no more. on the total cost of the coffee, and likewise to yield The prison(“rs who were taken in the morning a })rofit on the cotTeo itself, as a compensation for are reported to have been cut up piecemeal, and goes on loaru :‘it. v. ,S(.l before the coflee is landed, in ej-(*« •• collector proceeds to ascertain tli% kind, qudiii^, and cost of the coffee where it came from. This being done, he saj’s to the importer: “ before you can be allowed to sell this coffee in the United States, you must pay to me, for the use of the government, two hundred dollars, that being the tariff duty of twenty per cent, fixed by law on the original cost of the coffee, which was one thousand dollars.” 'rhistwo hundred dollars duty, thus paid by the importer as a ta.x to the Government, is now added by him to, and forms one sixth part of what the coffee cost him before he is allowed to sell it, and which now amounts, of course, to twelve hundred dollars. The importer next proceeds to calculate and fix the price at which he can profitably afford to sell the coilee to the retail merchant, who is call ed the retailer. 'I’his price the importer must of ne- thrown into the lake, t )i this, however, we are not certain, but judging fiom the character of Mr. [ii)se. we ft*ar it is too true. 'I'he man who was shot iii the b:ick was supposed to be dead, and they left him. I’eport slivs lie got up in the evening a lid iravollcd to Marsha his ri:.k and trouble. The retailer has, for the same reason, to do the same thing, when he sells the colfee to the farmer, who, in the end, buys and uses it, and is for that rcasoUj called the consumer of the coffee. 'I'hus it is that the two hundred dollars paid in the first instance by the importer, as a tax or duty The greatest excitement prevails tliroughout the j to the government, is, together with the interest and ilstriet, and C()ni[)anit :>''e rising to destroy the den I profit upon it. made to enter into and form one sixth ot t.his inhiirnati in.'ij't- r, who b\’ n. Cv.-unll( ss n:im- i part of the prue which the retailer pays the impor- h'^-r v f blood, df. is. me '*s not the n’lpeli ,'.io.' of; fo'‘cufibe. Thus it is, too, that the same two iii Ui. 1 lo'A 1 ver little the ovmpathv’’ oi the p« ople : iiundrt.d d Jars, with the importer’s iuiert it and lor I'litter. tlicy havt^ determined that this murderer , profit upon it, and likewise with the additional in- sliall be broi.’ght to ju:ilice and the country rid of a i lerost and profit of the retailer upon it, are all made sivago wl'iose soul's deii^’il was ihLil of spilling hu- it) i nter into and form one-si.\tti part of the price in;in blood. 'I’hus difii L'ol. Putter, a man whose talents lit- te I him for any station in ]«fe; but whose passions I'^vellei! him with tiie iowp^t of which the farmer has to pay the retailer of the cof fee. And thus, also, it is, that the farmer who does not sell again, but consumes the coffee, and there- AjiC /lao iJwUudy Uclsind hint oiJ WtlOm tO SftOVe llllS ied Afr.; nom ills Icin.lrrd ai!(i t!ie friends I tax, has, when he buys, to pay a price one-sixth }>:! icd. iiis youth, ani gone to the tomb unwej.t and im- { gt rater for the coffee than lie would have had to j)a\' Politics of the Diiv. 11 spEL-x-ii UK MPx. w o.uo. iih’ S'Tnto of th’United .Stitts, 1,5, 0::ta;i fLiolution, fon-ierly subinutcJ by ii!iu. That the Secretary offhc Treasury be i but for this tax or duly. j In other words, when the iniporter pays the two hundred dollars to the government, he charges it, I with his interest and profit upon it, in his price to ' the rttailer: and when the retailer pays the irnport- ; er, he, t ie retailer, also charges the same two hun- [drtd dollars, with the importer’s and with his own j interest and profit upon it, ui his price to the fiirmer; the imjioiter and retailer having, in the end, done ected to inibnn the Senate, ns soon as praciica- | no'.liing more than the two hundred dollars to liie (Jovermnent for tke farmer, who, when he buys the coffte, pays, in the price of it, the two hun- V. hi tlier, in his opinion, tiie Government can. m tiie present exiirency of its financial affairs, be carri- ’.! on \vithoi7t cither recaliin'r to its .service tiic reve- lerived irom the sales ol^iie public domain, and j dollars It ick to them, together with the inter- ’ ' cst and pyohts v/hich both have charged and made wiiicn. by an existing act, is set apart for distribu- t:'»u to the k'-tate>', or wit.licul drav/ing Irom tlie peo- i'!e, i;i addition to tlicir ]>resent taxes, an amount I'he tarill duly is called an indirect tax, It is i.ju.d to tiutt ie\i.nue. ai.d in lonstqueme ol it=, dls- | called so, because it is, taken out of the pockets of] giie that\iiey should be UJlly uiiderstood, by everv T -ibution, l)v means of increac.ing the taxes now le- : • i . i i . i vi.-d upon iliem in tlu- form of Tariti' duties ; or by i secret proce^^S, i.npo>m- a nev.- a:;d direct tax upon them : or by i ^^^^own Oil their guard, and pay if, tipon their credit, in t!ie form of ihrf'ct f without evtMi noticing the l.t'Uis, or »>i Treu&urv' not“;', to be jiaid eventually ■ f^*^^ tijat they pay any tax at all. I* or this reason, •■•lit ot'their labor (mil proj)crty. And if, in his opin- I 1 h^ive attempted to trace this sly and slippery tux, i ni. the government (-annot, be so carried on with- ' wiiich is every where felt, but nowhere seen tiUi re-a!!iHiT tiie iaaij revenue, or increasing the ' • • • • • ’ The same process of calculation which I have applied to the cost of the coffee, vvUl show that, of the above sura of four millions six hurtftred and for- ty.four thousand three hundred and thirty-three dol lars and thirty-three cents, there goes— First. Into the Treasury, as nell re venue ^3,000.000 00 Second. To the officers and agents of Government, as their compensation ^ for collection 300,000 00 Third. To the importing and retail merchants for their interest and pro mts 1,344,333 33 The two sums last named being added together will show an aggregate of !«;1,644,333 33 every dollar of which is a tax thus paid by the peo ple, in the form of tariff duties, not into the public Treasury, but into the pockets of Government offi cers and merchants, and is of course a dead loss to the people. Now it must be borne in mind that the people are to bear this loss every year in the process of collecting into the Treasury the three millions of nett revenue, to take the place of that sum distri buted. But this loss, great as it is, is not all—for. fiorn experience in the case of the surplus revenue, it was sfiown that process of dislributuig money from the national to the State Treasuries, costs in the charges of the public officers and agents, at least five per cent, of the sum distributed. This cost on the distribution of the land revenue of three millions, will therefore, at five per cent, amount . . S 150,000 00 This is also a loss to the pof)ple, as it has to be substractiul lioni the sum distributed and of course leaves for distribution but ^2,850,000 00 Here, ihtiii. tho Jo.jt nan^cJ loss of 150,000 00 sustained in the procc.ss of distribu- iiatt added to the sum of 1 014,333 33 sustained m tiie proces.s of collecting the three million of n*tt revenue, will show the aggregate losij thus far to 1,79333 33 \ et, even this is not all tiie loss sustained by the people in this operation, f’or, it is to be observed, that the above named 81 •'50,000, which is taken out of the §3,000,000 distributed, docs not go into the Treasury, and therefore does not diminish the amount of taxes necessary to replace the three mil lions. 'i’his one hundred and fifty fhoiisand dollars iSj therefore, in effect, a loss to double that amount, and bein^ added as such to the aggregate Iocs above stated, will make that aggregate one million nine hundred and forty-four thousand three hundred and thirty-three dollars and thirty three cents.—'I’hese facts 1 have stated as briefly and as plainly as [ couid in this form. But as they are fijcts of such vital iinpoitance to the people, and as it is my de leaving in tffe Treasury but ninety cents of neti re- If then to get ninety cents of nett revenue venue. the Government has to impose burdens on the peo ple to the amount of eight dollars and thirty-six cents, what burdens must it itiipose to get three mil lions of nett revenue? T.ixuc; or t]ie loans to aii anit)unt equal to tliat reve- ; ii- , :ind in eiuisequence of its distribution, tiien of alternatives will, in his opinion, be t!;.' nioftt eccnomical to tlie peoj^h-—the recall of that r-venue, ihi; taxes, or the loans. Also, that lie be lir!'cted to lav bci'ore the .Senate the estimates and Id- a'.'. n. through its circuitous passage from the hands of the people to the coiflrs of the government and the merchants. And now, sir, having done this as well as I could, having shown that the farmei iias paid a price, one- sixth iiigher lor the colfee than he would liave paid, upv.'ii v.hicli sucii his opinions may be ! bill :br this tax, it is important next to show; first, j wiiat is the final aggregate price he pays; secondly, : what is the one-sixth part of that aggregate; and cor.vl time 1 iiave call- j where that sixth part goes, in what propor- 1 now fi.sk tiie hnal ac- jdivided between the public I’reasury, the : Uovcmmcut officers, aijd the importing and retail I merchants. And first, what is the aggregate cost of the coflee 1 to the farmer ? That cost is sLetix//t IiuihIrcl and sci'c}>(7/ tiro dollars, and is made of four items, as follows!; FirF^t. Tlie original cost of the colfee to the impor- .\;r. i : i or l-, 1 up h;i.r 1 a;i:.l • '!i e! ii"!>- St np‘''ii it. r’. Lli;it fi !:n ih I am oliligtd to admit, io;>^;iity iiitherto inanihsted l;(‘re, I am wi’.houl hope wiLhoct hope iliat I shall i;!.[,ilii fiom the ’I'reasury f)e- :-.;l esrnnatf s j’iu.'ii u hich it was I am, b!'. .t v;iii.5cn, I wi‘i‘, u'l'.h a view of making them yjt more plain, restato them in another form—in tlie lorin of an account people and the lo. vernrncDt—as thus : The Government to the people. Dr. First. To nett rev'enue j>ail into the Treasury to supply the place of that distributed, 83,000,000 00 Second. To amount paid to Gov’erment ollicers and agents for collecting tiie above revenue ° 300,000 00 Third. To interes t and profits paid to merchants in the process of collecting ^ the above revenue ‘^J.311,333 33 Fourtli. To amount paid public olficer.-^ and agents for and in the process of distributing three millions to (he. Slates, and whicli is to bo subtracti d from that sum l-')0,000 00 r • il;U! 1 ill.-? nripoit:i!it supposing that tliat by act to coiitin- oi near two miilious of dollar:? upou lit„ gro-.il ta.v-j';’v>iiCf till I ••.Ui p- !pi! ' :J.". ilV to 1 . :;.;l t!;al : an! -a u. la- evi.lenee ol ihi . I. c: ;S lo t'lem as ab- L.nt ::;;;ount u'i.re cadi f::r. 1 have asktd (' (i-l'-jJi com !i’‘21; X’.'i- • i-iOit to I'liV OL'JtCt. but oiniii:'' iVom a source s';r.':s (■ f the disM ibu- I.' t;io sulji Ot ot eavil. le Ctj.i;:iry, more conc!u- S( f Ic to c-^iabhsli. 1.1 ibc abscn--i! ;)i' o!;iv’iaI cstimat and • I. Oil tliat tlioc; ' who. in body, have th«j pow- Will continue to inic:'.b'.:t them, I shall jn'oceiii V i:h my owii fsU:oat'.s. t»; malce good, if I can, tiii^ :;V c.iuge l i au 1 wa.'le. Hut before 1 I d. ter, Vk here purclnised Secoiid. The taritf duty of twenty per cent, paid on the above, by the imjmr tt r to the Governnienl fi;ird. Tfie interest at .six per cent, on the above two sums calculated for one year from the time the duty is paid, nnd eiiters into the j)rice of tlie cotlee, until the colfee is sold lo the farni(*r Fourth. The joint j)rolit of the impor ter and retailer, estimated on the Sl.- UOO which the coilee cost them ;it the rate of thiriy-ihree and one-third per i-eni. wiiivdi is less tlian the, average ]!rolit on liicrchandise, and which m in.-iiance amounts tu Thesi; four items added togelh;r sli'av the linal aggregate cost ot' tJie coflee to the fanaer, lo be as before stated, : 1,000 ^ 1 otal Jjji'J. / 91.333 33 'J’iie people to the (u>vt‘rniuen!, Dr. To money distributed from the publi>* IVeasury to the fStates. Ibr the use of the peoj»le ‘^J,sr>0,0i>0 00 Account.s balance.! lliC la.'-t Irom tlio Result JuO S1,0TJ ])y sui)(ra;-liiig ]»receding tum. ^i,i:ai,3;i3 33 Here, then, is th*' great aggregate loss which the people sustained in this operation, and for which neither they nor their Government get one dollar in return. For it is to be remembered that by the act of distribution on the o'le hand and that of taxation on the olher, to replace the sum distributed, the public Treasury is to be left with exactly the same amount of money in i* whicli it would have con- t.iined had neither thc^dij'.ribution been made nor the tax or duty itn;)osed. Again, sir, it will be ob.sorvedj that in estimating the loss sustained hy the j>eople in coiiscquence of thi.>; tariff duty, I have sekcteii, as the objcct of I that duty, an article (coliee) which does not come 1’ roin the Lynchbarg (Va.) Republican- JOHN C. CALHOUN. ‘ Justicc and Truth are tardy in their coursc, but their steps are ever onwurd. ” 1 he trite sayings which arc found in every lan guage under the sun, and which are usually called proverbs, are the results of human experience • and manifest the goodness of that Great Being who presides over the affairs of this world. Jusiice is often triumphant,—vice has its hour of revelry, and falsehood, for 3 time, puts on the apparel of truth; but never was there yet an instance in the annals of mankind when honesty had not its re ward, sooner or later. As one of ihc many examples of this truth, we record the history of John C. Oalhoun of South Carolina. Endowed with extraordinary talents, even when a youth, he led the Republican party in the House of Representatives, during the eventful period of our last war with England. Honor and power came to him unsought; and in a few years he passed from the department of war, (so much indebted to him) into the second office in the gift of the people. This office was conferred on him by the voluntary suffrages of bot/i the great parties of the country. His talents and private worth gave him the station without an effort. He never acknowl edged his abilities, and no man was found—-no man iS yd knaivn who ever ventured lo cast a stain on ihe purity of his priv;ite ?hai’ac.tor. Thus stood Mr. Calhoun until 1S31, when ho was called upon to resist the aboininable t.'’.rilf that was grinding his State and the whole South, into dust and ashes. He obeyed the call—-and from that day the sun of his life began to decline. Dif fering with the Republican party-—(though agree ing with the great Apostle of Liberty, Thomas Jef ferson.) on the rights and remedies of the .States, he lost the countenance of that party; while the Federalists, his bitter opponents during the war, loosed their blood-hounds against him.° Assailed thus on both sides, this bold and patriotic man stood almost alone and single-handed to stem the torrent of pui’ty jirejudices. Vet he shrunk not; but bore | hiinseif us became a man, a Republican and a ’ Statesman. He oveithrew the infamous and op- p^teSijive tariff—arrested the wild schemes of the federal party—vindicated the rights of the States, and leinstuted the Constitution. A pause occurred m the public sentiment, and thoughtful men began to inquinj whe^ther great injustice had not been done him. 'J’he I-\-deral parly saw this; and anxious loi his destruction, (for they ever feared iiim more t.l'in any other nuii.) started the old cry of disu?i- lon, in the hopes of averthrowing him with their clamour. Mr. Bolts was selected for the business; and the most sanguine hopes were entertained for the correspondence with Mr. Secretary Upshur. Vain iiopes! Instead of sustaining the cause of falsehood and riisrepresentation, the result has been the entire arid triumphant vindication of Mr. Cal- hotm and his friends against the charge of disun ion. His own political and pcrso7ial enemies are forced to do him this jusiice. (‘an we feel surpris ed at the consequences ? No. 'I’he People aie al ways just to the honest and upright. The Repub lican press in every State in the Union, seeing the injustice that has been done him, have come to his defence. 'J’he subjoined article from the New Era. (New \ ork'.) which we copy from the Globe, is but one among many siicii ty be found in every Stile Rights paper in regard to the distinguished St iiator from South Carolina. AVe ask the reader’s attention to it. it speaks what everv' man now knows. Jusiice must be done; and this great man has not received jusiice from his paity nor his country. No man is morc^ hated by .Mr. Clay and 1 his my rmidoms, and none more d( serving of the confidence atid regard of the Republican party, it needs no ghost to tell us that he will yet rise^high- er in their regard. Justice and truth are ta°rdy in their course, hut their steps are ever oiuoard.'^ men , and that our glorious government is destireif to fall; but you can now banish such fears and are pleased on examining into the orthodoxy ot vonr politics, to acknowledge that truth and reason soon- Wh- Have you forgotten th® Whig humbuggery and jscandal ot 1840? Have you forgotten what uncharitable and opprobrious eft- ithets weie applied to, and what unjust motives were then imputed to all the Democratic party Yes to you who have grown gray in the cause of De^p- cracy and are ripening for the grave*2 No I can not believe you have erased these things from your memory. The deep stain which their course has given to our national escutcheon, and which will require years to wipe away, aside from other consi derations, has caused too deep a pang in yoar bo soms to be so soon forgotten. Will you be inactive then ? and will you not devote a portion of the rem nant of your days to the advancemeot of the noble and holy cause of Democracy? Your bleeding country dernands it; the deeds of your gallant fore- fatheis require it; the earthly career and departed spirit of a Alacon and a Jefferson demand it: pos terity requires it; and every consideration of man’s best interest appeals to you, and will you, can you^ resist such sacred solicitations to .^av-e vour country from ruin, and your children from boiidage ? No you will not. I can hear in imagination, your pa triotism and consciences answer No. You will tell your Whig acquaintances that our country ever has been happiest and most prosperous under Democra tic administrations. You will show to them that hard cider, Clay’s, Websters and Co.’s measures ne ver have and never will do for this enlightened and free country. You will tell them that you should be anxious and delighted to have them to go with you lo th« very origin of our Government, and come all along through successive administrations down to the present hour, tracing, impartially, causes to eflects, and effects to causes; satisfied that you would find abundant proof of the assertion, that our coun- tr}^ only can be pro perous under rulers of Jefferso nian principles. Yes, you will do this—-you will appeal to thc;r reason—ask them to renounce W’hig- ery itjviie them into the great Democratic family. Young I>3mocrats! Have you reflected upon the high duty you owe your country ? You have had the invaluable privilege of being born and nur tured in a land of Liberty and Equal Jiights, where merit is re-warued, where none are noble but Na- 1- roin the asluiigtoa (Xortli Carolina) itepublican. Mu. Ldi roii:— J he ])rosent position and prospecis ol the IXrnecratic ])arty are truly cheering. Over tli'j unole breadth and length of our land, our cause, GUI noble cause, is initialing itself into the pure affec tions and increasing confi.Jenco of the people. \\ liiggeiy, alas ! poor ^Vhiggery, is hourly faliinLT aniid the pitiful struggles and conscience-itricktn efioils oi its deluded votaries. V/hat can be t! 'vi.en 1 ^:|:i;ne n i;!-'. w!;- (tesiro bLii:Uo.'s (-n tlie C'Uier side to speedy, l.'ave di';;'"', in u iiat p.irticular my estiniaKs wiia In the next place what is the one sixth j>art of this aLT^i-ei^ale.—the part which the fanner pay.s . ^ _ , w,... the m com{)eti'i(m in the muik*t uithany article ])ru-j prospects for Whiggery in lell, if the people are :;u;,d by A:iir, ic.:n si.il or i.ilw.". Uul, fir. by t;i- j already I losing coiilidciice .^o fasi’i,, its prelensioTis? in w hic :ne ;i;iJ to shou', i! jiractica- | solely m consequence of this tarill' duty ^ ■-■onclutici*s are at all unsound. ! The answer, th' 1!. th.' rn .are three mg as tne ooject ol the du'y ail ailiclc which dors 1 iCt another Presidential election roil around and :h. 1 proposi- GG Vnd lastly, where docs ihis sixth part go, and in so come in competition witii our own inanufacture.-'', the loss to tl'iC great body e‘f the people wi!!. as I the ignominious Xerxes never met with a more siu- nal defeat than awaits the Whirr nartv lure’s nohlemrn.” You have at present a Constilu- tion more perfect than.the dreams of Plato ; this con stitution, and all our rights and ])j’ivileges ijave been handsd do\v;i to us, conseciated by the inconceiva ble toiiS and suflerings of our aijcesiors; our rivcis have been ved.iened with their blood and our soil whitened with their bwies, that we and our posteri ty may enjoy the common rights and privileges of Americans. And have you not sparks of patriot ism ready to blaze upon the least encroachment of any of these priceless inheritances ? Are you not, like true sons of chivalry, ready to repel from an'* and every saurce, aggressions upon your constitu tion and country ? If so, then we ‘invite you to buckle on the armor of zeal and unflinching perse verance, and come forth to, act your part in the ap proaching political battles. W^ithout the timely and honest eflbris of the Democratic }>arty, our constitii- tioa will be torn to pieces and the country plungul into irretrievable ruin and disgr;*cc. It'behoovts Democrats to ward off the impending danj‘er' an l here is an inviting field for the generous impulio and enthusiasm of youth. The chaotic state of the I’reasury, the lost credit of the Governmrnt, tiie startling increase of ous debt, the despair and want u hicn may je read on the countenance of the IjaLor- er, and the deep despondency and njoi tification of :;>‘i whole country, speak volumes of solicitation and warning to the Patriot, to save and relieve his eor.a- try from \\ hig misrule and tyranny. Arouse, tlicn, young Deiiiix’rats, am}, wage an uncompromising warlare againl the practices and desi:zns of Whigrr\\ I^e not deceived by the baseless pretences of soine of the Whigs tliat l.ne young man who inJu}gcs };o- lilical thoughts from an hone.'-t dtsire of serving his countr\\ is a partisan more than a patriot. This is one of their songs by whicii they would lull you in to silence and repose; the}'fill their youn£; voturic s with sucn doctrine ; they tell them politics is a word they must hanlly understand; an I henc. tlio reason so many young men are Vv'iiigs. U’h y do not think and examine for themselves. Resolve llien, we entreat you, to wage by all fair and hoiKiable means an exlei'mmatmg war against W higer y. 'I hmk of your suffering country ; think ofyotir immortal ancestors; think of the demands posterity justly has upon you, and never cease vour efforts lill the ship of State shall have been carried through the breakers and over the lemjjcstuous stu of Whiijery, and landed triumplianily m the ha ven of Democrn.'y. R(_)MEO. Panlego, N. C., March *26, 184:2. s'ime, all Vvill concur; lirst, that j wiiat proportions to those that receive it I- The an- :n consequi iic(.'f! tne dI'i i ibn;!.)!! ol ti e tliree mil-! swer is, into the public Treasury in part, and in lii'iis riniiLially broi.'::^iit iiito the 'I'reasury from the i pait into the pockets of Government officers, and pubhc doiiiaiii, tb-j Lv;vernuient, to sujiply ils place, j the otiier pait into the hands of the merchants. iiiUst inoit' se t.ixts lipon t!ie jjeopde, in the ; And this it does in the following proportions; t.ii’li uuti'.'.-^, slC.;iwi, i.iat tiiO f hect upon the . l^r.st. '1 he public Treasury receives vJlSO 00 20 00 'S GG 9S GG {■•t 0} 1- Will bo the same, whither this increase be i:iad/‘ t:> result !;om ’alditionaf duties upon goods now payinn duti. s, or from tho imposition of new duties upon goods now J^aying none, or from a du- i ty of iirenfy p(;r c; nt. upon one article, or of o«eper etiil. upon ticcnly articles; ar;d thiid. that ii'in order | 10 replace the thiee niillions distribut( d, burdens ; iijve to be impostd upon the people, in any form, i i.'ver and above that am(;uM, ih(i surjdus thi;s im- ! j'.oscd must be a loss to them—a loss resulting sole- ( iy from the distribution act, as from that act alone I rn ises the necessity for such burde n. 'Idiese pro ' p'-siiions no man Vv’ill dispute; and now it becomes! my duty to prove, fir.'t the tact of l!iis surplus, and | n-xt, its amount. In doing this, I shall be under-| .“•tood well enough by the Senate, but I desire to be understood likewise by every citizen who may do me the honor to read what I speak. I shall tlieiC- lore adn|-,t a inoile of r asoning so jdain. and so di- 11 ■'t. as to admit (.if fio quibble or obscurity. I .‘^hall .nakeasuoit, ui imbitions sjieech, beginning with ^ admitted facts, and ending witli conclusions. ])roven j siiry, has, by this tariff duty on the coffee, to i... throughout, by the smij)!e process of figures.— ! pose upon the farmer ii tax of S278 66, of which With this view of making tlic matter perfectly fa- 66 cents is a dead loss to him, without an equi- iniliar to all, i will take a sinj’le article ofmercfian- valent or an excuse. dise. with a given per cnit, of duly upon it, and a it be true, as 1 have certainly proven it single individual to represent eacli of the several j t'J be—if, in order to get 818U of nett revenue into agencies in the processof collecting the duty. This j the Treasury the Government has to impose, by ta- '.n'll illustrate fully the whtle opeiation. | riff duties, a tax of two liundreU and seventy-eio-ht j-^irst. then, the three millions distributed arc tobol^^^^‘“^ sixty-six cents upon the people, 7c/tat replaced in the Treasury by tariff duti(s. A tariff | ^^fi-ount of tax iciil it have each year to impose by duty is a lax upon the peo})le, and is levied by the i duties, in order to get into the Treasury the governm* lit in this way; An Amcxic'ciu of nett revenue to supply the place called ati importer, and resident in one of the Allan- j three millions annually distributed f iic citiea—I will suppose jn the city of New York I To this important question the answer"is, four - -impoils into this from a foreign country, \ milliuns six hundred and fortijfour thousand three rhandise—I will suj)pose cofiee—fur which when | hundred and thirty-three dollars and thirty-three purchased. Jie jiaid, 1 will suppo.s\ one [\iousnud\ccnts, and a fraction. This is a question of fig- dullars. When the cotlee is landed and before he ures, about which there cannot be two opinions' ia allowed lo sedl it, it is taken to the government’s and as the people of America are cenerallv nretty ;second. The Government officers anti ugenl.'^ (and liere it is to be remember ed that iliere are, of these officers and ngent.s, no less tfian between tiiree and lour Imndred in, and connected with, the single custom-house at the city of Nev.' York) get, for and in the process of collecting this duty, as is sfiown by olficial estimates fiitlierto made, upon an average*, 10 per cent, on the gross sum of revenue collected, and whicfi, on this gross kuiu ot* ^^1^00 paid, as a iluty on tlie coflce, amounts to Tliird. The importing and retail mer chants receive in interest and profit, out of the two fiuiitlred and seventy- eigiit dollars and sixty-six cents, all the balance wfiich is The two last named sums received by Government olficers and tlie mer- ch:;iit.s, amount, together, to And ilius, sir, it is manifest, that the Government, in order lo get $180 of nett revenue into the Trea- otiicn m that city, call-id a cusloin-iiouse; or, if not ro. t!}'* gorernmcnvs officer, calh-d *?or 11 1 II I • - generally pretty weil skilled in anthnietic, almost every one can tf"^t ,he tr'jth of’he ;ms\^^}r fur himself ' manufacture, impoiled into this country, and the oth er five to be manufactured in the Uniicd Stales. I will suppose that the Government, in order to raise revenue, imposes, for the future, a tariff duly of one dollar on the yard of foreign cloth, which dollar no w entering into and making one-sixth part of the price of that yard of cloth, makes that price, of course, six dollars. ?\'ow, sir, one of these two things must ceitainly happen; either this j’ard ol cloth irill sell, at this increased price of .six dollars, because the necessitie’s of the farmer will compe him to buy it, or it will 7iot scl', because the farmer cannot afford to buy it, if it will wo^sell at this in creased price, then it is manifest that the Govern ment will not get this additional dollar of tariff duty, and therefore get no revenue. But if this yard ol cloth will sell at six dollars, so will the other five yards, being of the same epiality, sell at six dollars per yard, for the same reason; and for the same reason, too, tlie American inanufucturer of the five yards will ask six dollars per yard for it, and the farmer have lo pay that for it—that is to say, the farmer will have to give for the six yards, instead of thirty dollars, as before the tariff duty was imposed, thirty-six dollars, together with the merchant’s in terest and profit upon tlie six dollars which has been by the operation of this tarifi’ duty added to the cost of the cloth to him before he sells it to the farmer. This interest and profit amounts together as 1 ha\'e shown in the case of the coffee, to a^ feast thirty-nme and n third per cent, the interest being six, and the profit thirtytliree and a third per cent! And these added to the six dollars will make eight dollars and thirty-six cents—the amount the farmer is compelled to pay for the six yards of colth over and above whal he did pay for the same quality and quantity of cloth, before the tax or duty was impos ed. Of this eight dollars and thirty-six cents, the Government gets but the one dollar which it impo ses as a duty on the yard of foreign, and out of that dollar, as was shown in the case of the coflee, ten cents goes fo /♦$ oflicprs- and agents for c,)I]tction, cribe it to ils true cau: with him. that •'Truth cruslied to earth will rise again. The e.ternal years of God are liers, ° But Error, wounded, writhes in pain. And dies amidst its worshippers.’^’ \ cs, indeed, is Whigery dying amidst the undi- niinished zealot “ her worshippersand no where is she more busy in pluming her pinions for autum nal flight than in North Carolina, 'i'his is right. J iie land of i\Licon oitcjiit to be among the first States tn throw ofl: the aristocartic yoke of Whi^r- ory. She is now determining to hurl the HydTa headeel moster—Federalism—from her borders.— One of the first lighted lamps of American Indepen- dencc---a State ever distinguished for her hatred to l*cdcra)ism and for her uniform adherence lo De mocracy, she ought and will shortly re-assume her time-worn Jeffersonian principles. The tem porary position which, without due reflection, she assumed in 1840, is already causing her to blush and to regard with indignity the Whig deceptive c^ampaign of 1840. We can forgive her for this fiist deviation from the path of rectitude, but let us be active and nev’er cease our eflbrts till we have led her back into her pristine and sacred path of Demo cracy. We have a candidate for Governor of whom we have reason to be proud. Able, fearless, and ortho- uox, he will make enemies tremble and friends re joice wherever he goes. He wants qo better re commendations than the elenunciations which lie is receiving from the Whigs. Travelling over the State as he will , it is the duty, as it will be the pleasure, of the Democrats to greet him warmly, assist him zealously, and cheer him onward in his noble course. Gray heads of Democracy ! It is your heartfelt pleasure to again see your long che rished principles regaining their merited ascenden cy. Perhaps the Mushroom success of the Whio- ^arcical transactions of 1840 almost induced someo°f you to give credence for the time to the whisperinrrs of some, th.at t!ie people arc incapable of self-rovern- I'rom the WHshiiigtoii WORKfNGS OF THE BANKRUPT ACT. The courts are now filled svith thu s’cramble i-n' the petty offal of the bankrupts. There are scvi n- teen hundri d applicants for discharge in Ni w York—ih. ir aggrrgale debt ten mii/ions—th ir assets but about eightv” or a hunJi’ed thousand dol lars. I’he tii uggle among small altorneysand ofii- cer.«, for iho fragments thrown into court by the j high-flying spcculatois, (who play sink-pocket with I their available means) will cost the Government, in the jirotraclcd sessions of the courts, pay of ju rors, ike., &r., much more than the 8100.000, \vhich form the stakes put up on the cleric’s iabl‘\ by the seventeen thousand, who, by the ])rocess. win for tiiemselves tiie ten millions they justly owe to their duped creditors. ’J'he banki ti|it act v/nsa measure necessary to the great gambling tJiat has been carried on under ihe countenance of the bank ing system. It wipes out all old scores, and enables the ganiesteis lo start again fresh in a new credit S3'Stem career. In the meantime the petty leavings put up in court, furnish a pretty little ptjrse to be jockeyed for by all the small fry of the profession, and vvill do well enough !o keep up the spirit and the knavery to inoculate the country with a predis position fit to be worked upon by a new cjiidemic of gamblingspeculalors, when the great sweepstakes shall come round. How the varioloid now oper ates, will be seen m the following, from the money article of the N. Y. Herald; “Judge Story has d-cidcd that property which comes into the possess; ii of the bankru- t, after his papers are filed, is not subject to attachment, when the bankrupt fibs his bill, the properly of which he then stands po.-.sessed is und(?r the charge of the assignees, and is not liable to seizure, but if the bankrupt does not succeed in obtaining his de cree the property is tiien exposed to attachment from individual crediioi.', and may be seized and sold. The bankrupt ha^; then to commence de no vo. The operation is tli. n as follows: A bankrupt has long had possession of property of which his creditor coud obtain no iidormation. On filing the bills the location of this property is pointed out to the creditor, who immt diately levies on it. He then exerts himself to prevent the bankrupt from obtaining his decree. If he succeeds in this he immediately sells ut; l-'r his levy, and pays him self It will bo seen tb i ;!iis leaves a door open to ! Ml tr;i Uiii fJUt !*r ;na t .ve c on h !S >r( Wu tali ^vil} Slat port sessi sum Ti!!^ ■ini [ tiiden •einiiv ray] i,^agii
Mecklenburg Jeffersonian (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 12, 1842, edition 1
2
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