Newspapers / The North Carolina Whig. / June 27, 1854, edition 1 / Page 1
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whin. mm vox-.-ja:2is 3. CHARIjOTTE, O-, JTTTSTEJ 27, 18S4. HO TON & WILLI ALISON, Editors. T. J. HOLTON, Proprietor. TEUMS: Tile North-fairnliiiu Whig will be afforded to uin'Miier at TWO DOIXAliS in advance, or TWO DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS if pay. niciit 1 ilelay"l f"t three month., mid TIIK I.K DOM.AKS at the and of tUe year. No paper will U- Juiimtinui i) until ll arrearages paid, ex cept ai tile ilptlllll of lli KJlluK. j?rtipiiwnl inserted atone IHillurper uare lii limn urU'. ' yie) ,'"t ""H:r- t,,. . .mi 'J.i ceiiln for euoli ciiiiiiiiuunte. Court ad v.rtIfiiM iitii ad Sheriff's Hale, e.hi.i.-d M r cent. higher ; and deduction of 3.'!J T cent, will V mull' I'minllm ri'Kiil .r prices, lor advertiM-fa by fie 'r. .VIvrlia.-i.niiL insert, d monthly r j qiiurt. rly, "t l per U4r Tor e-icli lime. Srmi. I ,,l .mllily ' Tilt. it square ful r n il lime I T TAIt Ifttera mi tiuaineaa must be ilireti-d tc ! Il.r Filiturn. I.Mters muni bn puat paid or tiny w.l! not be lilli inli d to. J r menu ea Ik- mvli in . ilh.-r. I Jj PuKlmaatcra me autliorit. d to act aa ngi-nla. jpocirii. fitiUlr your own Can.M I d j iiir -lf b' Iru', Jin i h r Vr jfor nty I' ,iJn!r ymr own riiiio. N r, t'ii'li iln Mhiiii ma)' tnct K-ilUr. ii'.r ,mk bt k ; lint ujmjii tliP Uriiri W4l locate a htn.iig trxek. K.'i rr 'atv ttmt I on T'i lUf 'i ill ti..r', ! font its iu' iit k'-urcc hi gone 1' 1 1 turn no nmrf. J n ! I ; n U ur'm lU lsjr Ism, mhik l ! rU rt to-tj), I,. Utile ).ur own ftiur. I ' vur bir tli ijt ni tl mi wraith, ,!!r t tf aln( Unt-t, ll-pi il fainc und lur-ly ht ilUt titit if t'i witl ni puff (i- lili-n ii" pii r ti-: I" pliltt-fiiig fi', N -ibinif (jrrfll m 1 jrlitlv von, NliiMig nt i ! frt, 1 a-r v "J ih-rti rt'-biy tin, iW r p y tr r-t. .i llr tvrn, in liuinl !rut, Ail JO II il tU tt( J V'4 it v-0 nri-il. .d mt tliscfII;mfous. Till: LAST IMILLAKs OR, TH3 BELLE OF BOSTON. IIV T. Aslll.rV WllKI HIM. TON. CHAPTER IU. t it k i t r. n v i r. w . II.-I.-n Ashley! Hi aadly hi thoughts wand, red to her, as he ronlempliited the prospeclivc rupturu with li-r family ! To i vc h. r pre.i iiee Voluntarily were more than he had been able Iu achieve ; but to I- iiaiihhcd from her, weiiu-d liki ai vnini; d him from the last tie that bouu'l inn. to earth, li s difficulty with Westluy m ni.-d to plaie hi. iiitimsey with her ill a dirf.-irwt li.'iit He loved In r with all the intensity of hi- nature J but In; lia'l never ilareH lo iiie a roi;ei in of hit ove, any fait her tlian li'n looks nm aeiioiis hetruyeil it. Why -lioiild he not do jo? Why not throw liiiiiMot ut her feet, plead his love, and in tiie same br.ath tell her Le was a her'ar ! Th it would be honest r-i,:! . j r i ; I : . and he f- t that he could no longer enduie the m pi- i' .if iving in Mieno", wilii the eon t'mei ey of being cast uR because he had L' . ii .ilent. Mm Lived him hf was ..ire nf it -and if. nil account of his pov.rty she chose to c,i-t him ufl, he could hcticr endure uch a pj-'etiiii, than the uncertainly of hi' pres ent pn-itioii. " I will do it and do it now !" said he, taKiu his hat, and leaving the office. "h so! Mr. Clifford, it seems you have been accusing my cousin of fraud," said he, a great deal more wriou-ly than he had heard her peak fur a month. I mi -eil, she looked angry, and Eugene nw fiat Hen had just been there, and tuld Li. ovil story. " A cu'cd him of fraud!" Raid Eugene. " Nay, what amount to the same thing." " I aeen-c him of nothing," replied Eu gene, troubled at tliu awkwardness of his position. '' You. refue his case, and tell Liin you Could not believe him capable of bringing iich suit," " I did j I was surprised at the nature of tlic- Riilt. I would undertake it for no man." " Eicn w hile you are utterly penniless 1" j faid Helen Ashley, her beautiful features, curling int., a sneer. " I would rather starve !" " lb; is my cousin of my family. Think yu i can tolerate the presence of oim who. ilius maligns my name and Llood!" said die, Laughtily. i Eugene was silent. His bosom heaved with emotion. J '" Mr, Clifford, you must take that suit,' or we ecus.; t ,e lnctids, said she lirinly. " I caun.it, Helen " " Sir!" " I cannot, Miss Ashley, pardon mo. I believe there is u tiod above." " Insolence 1" " Mis.i Ashley, much as I grieve to have ofli niled you, I cannot sacrilice my honor nd integrity." " I his is your friendship to iny cousin! V'rc "' from such friuiids!" You would despite uie if I could do suoii a died." IV It aw !M " Helen pardon me. I must call you so 1 bail counted upon your approbation, wl.ere tor money und friendship i refused to do wrong." Enough, hir ! Leave me !" "I will, but before I go, limy I spcuk a word of the past !" "lio on," i-aid i-lie, coldly. " Helen, I Idvc you I Lave long loved you, Lut I can taerifice a love which has become part of my existence at the call of duty.'' " You are insolent !" " Nay, I speak truly, I love you, I shall always love you, though you cast me from you and depise uic." "That will do, .-ir; you inny go," inter posed the lady, with a stately gesture with her w bite 1 1 n ml. " Farewell, Helen Ahlcy ! In the joys of the future, you will think of me as one who has b- n true to hiiuclf, however false you may deem m- now.'' " Von Inny go, Mr,'' repeated she coolly. "Oh, Hod," sighed Eugene, "whin he ri m lied the sidewalk. She banishes ine without a tear, w itliout a kindly look. Mie h:iff me (I tiei d with the eadnes of the Mtua ti"i. in vl.'uli Ii- lound hiln.-i If, he letuilied to liin oil.ee. J N-.-.uir ,-eemed to l.uve inark il I 'm for it own. Hi LuineM pro-prit a nrek ; ili-appoinled in the love he had u ri iiiil lor yearn ; ilt i rneU ol lu- mo-t reliable fii. t.lj tiif future was indeed lull of "loom and Hi.-a-t. r. There wn. nothing lothiii'' more in ali I more i tu 1 i v in-.' for the earth Worth a single struggle. Ills woe was in ut than ht- could hear, and the awful thought of self-destruction more thau once, entered his mind, as he contemplated the dark future, liut the .Clime ul the suiiide was aj'paliiu. He could j not go into the prcenee vi his Maker with his soul Mitim-d with his own blood with murder in bis heart. i His position a- a try iug one. He could i not wrung Lis landlady, to whom he tin u owed a Week's board, aud bis la-t do!inr 'had lei ii expended to gratify the nhiiii of a capricious beauty. There was but one alternative left am! he tanned hi. silver watch for the Homey to pay his week's board. His conscience was autistic i ut lea.-t. CHAPTER IV. i I "MU sln. After be bo 1 di-chared the debt, be re turned to hi office, and found an ol I woman clad iu wrelelicij garment, awaitin-' Lis return. She was dri.--id in lie. p her face ek, I ell an 1 wore a thii k veil . hv van.lv ut U il'ldfl to eiietmte. "Art y hi Mr. Ciillor i ?' sail she, in a low, qiiraky V'llec. " I am." " And jou arc a l ur? ' " lawy .-r." ' Eh ! well 1 ' o c it 's pooty niucii the san.e thin ; I 'aid a i y. r.' " U eii, iiLvlatii, what can I do for vou ?" " ion kin do heap, if you've a mind to," ai I th" o! 1 w .iiiau, t ittering towards th.' d. 'k w hen- Eu,o u' had seated himelf. I vt lo am tell that Jou was a clever sort of a l". How " " i'rsv h i told y m so!" " Who? whv .Mi-s Ashley. I d v her wa-i.lu' and iiniiin' for her, and I fancy I! cr-.n do it as will as anybody cau." j Stkam C.vuniv.iE. Vc were anions the " I d ui't doubt it." outl.it- i s Tliu : s'i ay night, and of cour-e saw "And she has Mich a heap of thinj', the elephant. Not linn of llhode Island no that it aint tvervbodv that could suit her. torietv or that animal seen bv our soldiers Why, it was only last week she had two n Never mind that," interno-ed Eugene, " lloir can 1 scive you! ' " Y'ou sec, mv hu-hand died about six months ago pcihaps you I. new him! His li Hue was li.ukir. IL- was a j-'U. ney man l iiekl.iyer, and a good wmkmaii, t '1, 1 kin t- II vc. Why it was only la-t -i ring that l.n boss offend l.l in two i ..;Us he'd only " " You forget vo ir story " " Lor' sake ! so I do ' He died He had saved ui coii-id'ablc lie day if day. y, one way and another. Why, he had can d sis hundred dollars, over and above his living and mine, besides two hiindr d he made scllin' hooks I II tell you Low it was." j " Never min i that." " J.-s' as y oil say." , " Slate your ease.'' '1 he lady do state it after a while, though it to k all Eugene's tai t to conlimi her to; the subject before her. It appeared that ' thought the age of steam is doomed to su he had In. I tins money to an unprincipled perscde horseflesh we did not learn, bui, man, who ,a l cheated him out .d it, by 1 some others did in l, for, when oppo-ite the going into elniuccry, when ho in reality was luk, sonic of the lndiarubher packing Hew woith thoii-amls. i out, and not having the material on board E.lgcue examined the case, and satisfied to repair damages, they were obliged to a hiiiisclf thut it w as a good one. I In w as Landon their carriage, and this morning ready to undertake it. 1 procure hor-es to take it back to the shop. "liut I have no money," said the old , Having fairly demonstrated the ruiiiiitig woman. qualities and easy management of the mv "No money?'' i chine, that it can be steered and turned a- " Not a dollar. If you get the case I can round corners as easy as a carriage and pay you whaV is fight. 1 am poor, and I: horses, it will be next t-icd on t'.ie lirooklyn tried several lawyers, w ho wouhlli t do it, ' plunk roads. It makes but little noise, 'cause I couldn't pay cm. I was told that , smoke or thst, and the inventcr thinks he you was a smart tcllow, and good-hciirted."! shall he able to make car's similar to the " Put I am as poet a) yourself," said(-ity railroul cars, thiit will run on the lluss Eugene, with a smile. pavement, so as to obviate all necessity of " Well, then, I suppose I must let it go."; a railroad iu Hroadway. AWr ) , Tn- " Nay, 1 will undertake the case, but the hitti:. expenses must he paid." "Perhaps Miss A-hley will let me liavei the money to pay 'cm," said the old woman .... i !. l...'u ..,, ,....!! , , v i . t i heart, though she is a braien hiuy, and as proud as Luciter. ..v i ct ;. .'I .!,..! w " ou wrong her . She is ail that n no- bl 1 tru alu 1 ' . . , , ,. i.n.er H ill...' ....use. .'lii n -i ' .-.".. . .nisi as you iinvc i . . . J ...... " Ililloo! Clifford ; a customer," said Ren Westley, ciiteiing the office at this moment. It was a very singular salutation for one who had actually cut him that very day. What could ho mean! Had ho thought j better of Lis infamous purpose ? He hoped fie had. " The case is less promising thau yours j my client is as poor as I am." " Take it out uf t'm defendant, then !" " U your case put iu suit?" asked Eu gene, '.villi a little liesititiou. "No, I gave it up; you were in tliu right' Eugene." " Spoken like yourself? Your liand !" Ecu (rave liiin Lis hand, and they were fast friends again. " hat have you not here. Eur'enc ?'' haid Eeii, approaching the old Woman. " A elient." "Eh! old woman, what do you want of the law ?" said lien, rudely. " None of your bu.-iiienf, sir," croaked the woman angrily. ' In my opinion, you aint no Litter 'n you should he, or you wouldn't insult a poor lone woman in that way?" " Eh ? granny ! Ion"t he sour." And to the eurprie of Eiiirene, the reek lees IV ilow took hold of Ler veil, and pulled it from her face. "What are you ahout, 5 n," saiil Eu petie, a fluli of indignation covering liU cluck. I lierse olu women are liiiriil.u", my loy!" rcplh-d lien, twiteho g the Hack Lon net from her head. A merry !: urh Lur-t from the old woman ut thii moairiit, and Kii'i iie, to hi.i inti n-e mrpii-e, rrcoL'tiizi'd in the aneietit dame the prron ol 'Helen A-hli y. What a change '. Tliu dried-up old woman was thu lielle of I j-t .ii : " You are a frood fellow, Eujretie ; mv hand ; ynu are fur.'iven " i,aid l.e, as she placed her little white hand in his. "What doe tli! all mean?" a.-ked the bewildered lawyer. " i ou would not take acaewhiih made 'ou " parly to a wrong, even fur a large 01 "'""7 i are n a.ly to assist woman to her right", without money, though ou are penniless yoursell, replied Helen. "'Hint's what it all means, lien go aud get me a carriage." " Want me out of the way !" Paid J5cn, as he departed lo execute his mission. " You are forgiven. Eugene.'' " liless you, Helen:'' "And Loth tli. ir suits are fic'itiou." " And I have no client after all V " I II he your client. ' " Ah, Heleu'.'' said Eugene, pressing her hand. "I have been trying you; our meeting to-day, even ihoujli iny plan compelit-d me to rep'il-e you, t il l mu your value. " hen 1 went to duilare my love, I met nothing but reproaches." " Pri'b'U me, Eugene ; I can answer you now ; I am yours," und IKh n lilu-hed like a roe iu June, as she thus frankly con fessed L.-rv If. "You La-.c hem tiue to yourself." " I can now be true to you," said l.c, bending nve i- her face and imprinting a warm ki- upon her ruby lip. " Eh! Y"it are getting on devilish well," fail 1! n, - pening the door at this moment. " You impudent puppy !'' i-jL.-laimed Hel en. a she ru-heil out ot tbe room, her i he. k criih-orieil with c inl'd-ion, aud ent'-red the rnrti'i l! that awaited L. r at the ..oor. Out lory is t 'I I Tli. v wi re married a short liin" after, and Eugene Clitl' .rd's tol le chara. ter fully justified the cuii-lic si"il which Helen had reaehed through h' T " lo.e te-t-." And he, from the a-t dollar, with the li. ll.' of lio-ton f T his bride, ,-u I deiily leejine one of the wealthiest men in the city. P it wealth did not lure him into a life of irnetivity, and he has di-tingui.-hed himself at the bar and iu the senate. in Mexico or early setth rs in C.ilil'ornia but a real living or rather mov ing one, coming down Itroadway with a rush. We did noc know the critt r la-t night, but Mr. .1. 1. 1 i-hcr called vi -Lid n to say that he was the inv iiii i. and tint Messrs M-.tt and Avr.s weic the liu.hr-. and that Mr. A. and bim-clf, with a workman, were simply out on a trial trip of his new steam carriage taking that late hour for the excursion, when the streets were clear of hurst as since the late c:iper-of the elephant ill Uhoile, Island they did not know but somebody might mistake .a common road carriage, driven without the aid of horses, f.;r an an imal of another color. Mr. Fiher says that they came over the cobblcto'.c pavement, !.! particularly n ited for its smoothness, at the rate of six miles an hour on level p r tions. ( In the lluss pavement tin y ran twelve miles on a level. A liuekmau whom tlcy overtook, put his horses uj.oii a gallop, and was easily beaten ill the race Whether he A LlTTI.K 1 io V WITH llKt.Itttl M TREMENS. A man tunned Taylor, near Winchester, la., has a son only fnir irnrs il l who is a " y ti w ii ,i . i cniiniioii (h iiiikdiil .' 1 he Kml'leiu says that : I , , .. , , ,, , , . I on the lNth lilt., " his father, who had been ; 1 ' , ' n'"IJ.- P8Vt" child a bottle of w lu.-key ' 'to carry ; he drank too much, and was ta- ; , , , , . .i -.t . -. i L-el erv sick, t hell with a t VV I tc 111 il Ill one arm and side, which was soon followed i bv the u'ruiiim Iiiihh.i, that lasted for ' twelve hours. It was a horrible thing to; the little fellow screaming at aim jiiuip- I jn r ,;, ,mt V- j,,t,i (().) .'wy t'r, thought he ! The workmen from the opposite ends of the grot tunnel, on the Pittsburg and Steu benville llailro.id, met exactly in the centre, and let daylight through oil the -'d iust. TIIIIEK i'EUIODS IN 0UI1 HI.STUliY. be faid of such men? Can they go un Therc have been three notnt.lc periods in cursed ? Like " ill bird?," they " foul their the history of slavery in the United States, own nest." They uncover the nakedness It behoves all thoughtful und all patriotic of those who gave them being ; they throw men to weigh them well. One period w as away their heritage, and cpit upon the Con when tin sovereign Slates comprising this ttitution that their good and honest father 1'nioii were appendages to the Eritish crown bequeathed to them. Without the Lope of when they were colonia. The. colonists heaven, too vile for earth, they tire only fit were composed of three diversities of men. fr thoso other rcgious, where iutidality They were either piou men who claimed howls in vain, and blasphemy utters its the privilege of wori-hipping Cod iu their curses agaiust the diviuity that punishes its ow u way, political malcontents, w ho could wickedness, not live contentedly in the countries from whence they came, or enterprising adventu- THE ATMOSPHERE AND ITS EFFECTS rera whose dreams of ambition and of i wealth tempted them to the chores of the new world. All of them concurred in one thing. Thepsalin-sineiug puritan, the haugb ty cavalier, the aspirin politician, and the re.sthss adventurer, iili'-Veed in. holding slaves. Thev Lad no acru Vle. in regard to I it. Cargoes of Aliicaus were Lrouglit over ; ; and brought over hj northiru men and En ! pli.-h traders. Saints and sinners ow tied them. llarhaiian- and brutal savages were trans hired into civilized being. l.'-cless crea tures, who were scarctly higher in the scale - ot being than ouran outings anil inonkey were at' once transformed into useful, ser- .koi.Me, f.iitlif'ul nii(i iutvii iont Ktrvaut.-, 'J Lev loved their masters and their masters loved them ! Time passed. Some of those who owned them sold .l,e... be....... elided ,.U. male of the region iu which they dwelt made tin m rather at. incumbrance than a help. Some were manumitted, hut the creat result, in the course of time, was, that the slaves too.ol tlo ir w:iv to the seeiirms tlo.t were best buited to them. Here wc may say, and we believe wc can say truly, that lar teiver slaves have been manumitted in the noitheru tbau in the southern section of this country. 1 he second period wis when the colonies determined to he fne. and published to the world their IVclurntiou of Independence. In that Pcclaratir.il of Independence, which was united in by all the colonies, now State!. ail of them slave colonics then, smne of them free States now this memo t able assertion was mude : that " all men are created equal.' We will not cause to scrutinize criticllv this declaration. It is cl ar, however, they 'lid not mean to a-sert that lunatics and idiots are "created " with the capability of governing themselves or others. The whole meaning of th. -instrument they made, and tlmt won them so much renown, was that anv people who are capable of self- gov eminent. That they did not mean slaves is char; for they saw slaves all around them. They knew thi iu to be incapable of self-government -, besides, that declaration is no code of laws, nor was it designed to uproot the existing rights of property. M Teover. whether they thought the black race created capable or tut of self-govern- nt, they knew it was in possible to merge them in one great p-hlical brotherhood with the whites, or erect them into a sepa- rate and independent government right in their own n,idt. They gave to that decla- ration the strongest ot all interpretations; and that was a practical interpretation. They held slaves at the time of it, and cou - tinned to hold thein afierwards. Thcv fed them, they clothed them and made them work. If t.crad venture there wire some clonics that did not hold slaves, those colonies united voluntarily, and with the fact of slavery staring them iu the face, iu this declaration. lint now, in these latter times, when the slaves that they owned have been sol I, and the money for which they were sold has been :;-nt, th" ons of those men, who owned those slaves rise up, and iu loud de nunciations condemn their puritan fathers, '' clare the Peclaration of Independence to he a lie, and start the cry of black and white, n Afiiean and A nglo-Saxon equality. 1 lie third period was when the Itidepcn deuce of the colonies was achieved, and the lc send out the air trom the lungs, we Ho cmi-titution of the United States was made, j "ot send it iu the same manner as we iuhal The Constitution recognired slaves ; it pro- ! ed it, for when exhaled it is as deadly a poi tccted slaves. The Constitution w as designed i wn as arsenic or corrosive sublimate. The as a perpetual bond of union. 'I he w ic I lecturer showed this by experiments, and and good men who framed it knew that it , tilled ' h' "' breath, in which could' not b- perpetual unless it protected j lighted candle would not live. It was the property of all. Hence they made a ) h air as killed persons who went down shield and "a protection. 'J In v intended ;iuto wells in the country, or who died when that it should protect property, and the lull i P"'1 of charcoal was placed in a room. value ot property. Property hi its full value . The danger of taking impure matter into cannot be protected unless that Constitution stomach was not so great as into the is extended alike over States, and Territo- l? (,r the stomach Lad power to eject . l ies destined to become States. The ( 'ni-titu ti on i juciids over both not lc ui-ci iiniiiatitig. cial. '1 hey must ho that they may be just. Its piov ifioiis can 'i he v must he evil universal, in Ol'Uel' 111. Mates ail united in making that Constitution, and the States are all equally hound to maintain it. Now, we have briefly adverted to three is in our history, three critical periods at which our institutions were framed and founded, and we defy any man who values ; solve, are so numerous that, in t lima, where trutli to deny what we have stated in regard .the houses are low, and a great many per to the cvvi.t-'thal then transpired. S.'.a '. sons are iu the habit of assembling in one mis t.,iitf!, itnr SiHfi os inopei t'j true room, it has been discovered that, after lo jinitf-tcr ju.-tiiiilHtt is,tottir jui r.ic. : or '.'U years, these particles adhere to the P it a touitli period has arrived. Latter- ceiling of the rooms, aud the fanner will dav saints l.ne arisen. Lo uisnute the lii- contract to put up a new ceiling if they are hie, Constitution and Mavei v. J hey are - . .. wiser than (heir lathers. The ancient Jews saw with their own eyes the miracles that were performed. I bey believed ; and they left their religion a precious legacy to their children. A few generations intervened. and the otl'-pring of those men, wiser in their own comet tl.uii their lathers ili-puled si ii ct repudiated the truths tliey had heeu taught. What though the inonuim-nts ,,ii,l ordinances ot that r.ligion still remain, d ? I hey shut their eyes to the sufficient te.-ti- uiony they lore. They became infidels it 1 1 1 tit ";n'tuu.-n I'tiiiuuv v i . unit I il i i-i - i i . -.i . 1 Ihose wicked men arc not without a; i . ii i ,i I , complete parallel in these latter tunes, and ,.' ,, 1 , i,i,,.v , . ' in this, the newest ami the truest con n rv on liui-in V . ., . , ... -.. the giobe. 1 here are men amongst us, the i . i i-., abolitionists, the treesoilers, and the agila-i . ' i i ,, . s tors, who are wiser and better, in their onu eoiiecits, than their fathers, who s. tiled these Colonies, introduced sbives, fought the war of independence, erected those colonies into j States and made the Constitution which re- j coguiscs at. J protects slavery. What shall UPON ANIMAL LIFE. A very interesting lecture was delivered by Dr. Oriscoui at the New York Mechan- I ki' I"-tit",c.. 00 ,he ." Influence of Air in ' connection with Anmmal Lite.' Some ol '" " oulu be "urprisea to bear mat nicy ir.. .j . .r- i..... r : ilveu Bl lllc UUUUIU VI itu mi Micuac wuuu of air filty miles deep ; yet it was so, aud the color of this ocean, which is called the atuio-phere, is a deep cerulean blue. To perceive this, it was necessary to be able to cce at ouce the whole volume, and also on a calm and clear dav, lor the color could nr'1 pcr.-eived it seen in small quantities or when I here wa either wind or liuzines. Iu wanner, the color ot water could not he seen in small quantities, and was only perceptible where there was a vast expanse of ocean. The air was also a substance ea- I"'"'!t' of condensation and expansion. It W!,s fcl " " tl,e wlud'- l' wbltu shlPs were made to traverse the ocean, and also wiuuuniis. i uu io,u phase of its cxran-ion, The tornado was another by which trees were uprooted and Louses overturned, aud was almost equal to the power of steam. The greatest weight of the atmosphere was fifteen pounds to the square inch, and this weight presses on every way, both upward and dow nward. To explain the pressure up wards, the lecturer exhausted the air out of a large va-e, w' :ch theu remained fast to a plate on which it stood, but on the air being let in, it was easily removed. I remember, said he, beinp asked the question, if there is a pressure of fifteen pounds to the square inch, the reason why we were not at once crush ed by the weight; but this is, as I before explained, because the air presses iu all di- 'ections with the saino equal force, and l";liee tllcre 's a" equilibrium. This is a "- important clement, and one that re- quires to be known, and also that the air 'ipvcr presses more thau fifteen pounds to 'he square inch. The next quality of air is elasticity. Press !t i0 'ake il occupy a smaller space than it otherwise would, and then take away tbe weight, and it comes back and occupi.s its original space. The lecturer then explain- eJ that in the air there were two gases ; one oxygen, w hich is that part of the at mos- P'-ere by which chiefly we live, and w hicti -he one-filth part ; and the other nitrogen, 'hich is four-filths of the atmosphere. Oxygen supports life and combustion, and nitrogen restrains its effects and dulls its operations. The quantity of air which a V'ou consume?, depends in a measure on one's self, and by training can be made , "'ore or less. The tailor and tbe shoema- j kp iule ' comparison with the j laborer, and the public speaker or singer, ' or t"os " cry commodities tor sale I through the streets A man in goood health 'makes cightecti respiratious in a minute, and in twenty-four hours consumes fifty-one hogsheads of the air. As the oxygen which supports life is so small, we ought to be very particular how we permit other gases to mix with it and vitiate it. The blood when it enters the lungs is black, but when the oxy gen acts on it, it becomes red, and sends it thiough the veins to impart life and anima tion. This black blood is produced by car bon, and impart, the blackness which we sec iu the face cf persous who lose their lives by suffocation, because the air was not al lowed to reach the lungs to purify it. When . . ... , i tiiese impurities w tucU tlie lungs Hail not. IvY-.ides the impute air which we exhale. there are ","1111 pores on every square inch v. V1IU SUll. ICC V. VIIC UU.. I, (1IIU .U U .'O'l., of large size there are -,o,KI square inches ; If .1.. .... !..,.! l . , . l..l.. and these multiplied make ",oti(l,i)(l(l of pores. There is a sort of drainage pipe in the body, which sends out matter as well as gas, ami the pipe is calculated at twenty- eight miles long. The particles of matter which are sent out, aud which do not dis- in ...i.j. .. allowed to take down the old one, so valua- ' Ide has il been for manure. Scieitijic Am erica n. Pimm, is aCvi inper. While tbe mam moth steam cylinder intended for the Fall ;Vl.r w 0f steamboats (the " Metropolis") 1 ; , . (m lh- NoV(,,tv Workj. Uock) a , . 3 , ,1'' prepared, and twenty-two gentle-, men sat dow n to a sumptuous repast within jits iron walls. After the good things had j hoi:U ,,artakt.n frCt.lv of, the table was ro-, d, and a gentleman named Pordcii, , - , . i , , drove a liorse alio ron carnage, uu mc von . , . ' . ' . i! up. throii-n it, entering at one end audi " . . passim: out at the other. In order lurther 1 I . .. . . . - , to show its i unit ll'ioiis, tioards were laid , , , . ., , trom end to cud, and men, to the number , 1 , , , ' , ' , -, 0t on(, Imndrcd auu one. stood up nisido. fv v J 1 J"'J"'''- A cargo of new wheat arrive 1 at New York from Charleston, S. C, and was sold at i FROM JAPAN. Highly Tmjmrtinit particulars nf Ctiio tlore Verry's Vrvtrtlirj! Ihae 'ihe Treaty, dc. The following extracts from an article in the China Mail, of April Kith, furnish some interesting particulars of Com. Perry's ne gotiations with the Japanese : IiEPAKTLKE OF TIIE t-gUAMtOS. Commodore Perry, iu the Susquehnnna, left the harbor of llong Kong on the I lth of January, accompanied by the Powhatan and the Mississippi, the sailing vessels Yau dalia, Southampton, Supply, and Lexington, having some time before proceeded to the rendezvous at Napakiang iu Loo Choo, where the squadrou met on the "1st of January. Nothing of importance occurred at Loo Choo, beyond visiting the capital, iShuidi, with the, temples nud forts, and ad miring, as others have done, the picturesque and surpassing beautiful scenery of luc Is land. The sailing vessels were dispatched for Japan on the last day of January, under command of Capt. Abbott, the steamship following on the 7th of February, and along with the sloop of w ar Saratoga, lioui Shang bae, joining the tailing vessels in the waters of Japan, on the 1 2th, w ithout accident be yond the temporary grounding of the Mace donian, which was lightened and spegdily got off. The whole squadron then proceed ed and anchored in the bay of Yedo, pass, ing Uraga, where la-t year the interview and the delivery of the President's letter took place. A few small foils, mounting ten or twelve guns each, were observed, but made no hostile demonstrations. IJoats were not allowed to come along side until the vessels had taken their stations, and then the government officers were directed to the Powhatan, (to which the Commo dore's flag had becu removed,) where they had an interview on the lDth with the fleet, Capt. Adams, to whom, after the exchange of compliments, the Japanese stated that in a few days a high officer would be sent from Yedo to meet the Commodore, and arrange everything in a courteous, frank, and friendly mann'r; but they ob jected that the vessels had come too far up, j and recommended their return to L'raga, I where the emperor desired the meeting 'should be held as before; and that point ' they considered as of more importance than .talking about the weather, which subject 1 seemed to be the pis-rtller of conversation in Japan as in all the rest of the world. We I believe this was uearly all that passed du- ring the first interview, aud the deputation took leave in good humour, which grew to I merriment upon Captain Adams suggesting , that in-tead of L'raga. perhaps a niort; fa I vorable anchorage might he found higher ! up, aud nearer the capital, which would al so te uioie convention roi tlie ntgii umecis to be sent from Yedo, as well as in aecord uuce with the customs of other uatious. j INTERVIEW ON BOARIl THE POWHATAN.' I The following day (14th) another inter view was held on board tho Powhatan, when the Japanese renewed their urgency j about the meeting being held at l'raga, ! where on the previous occasion everything had passed iu so amicable and pleasant a manner, and to which the Commodore had said he would return. Finding that l'raga was st'..l objected to, they then proposed Kamakura, where the Macedonian had got ashore, and which they held to be a much more convenient place thau Kanagavva, be tween the present anchorage aud Yedo, as suggested by lr. S. W. Williams, liut af ter much talk ou the subject, the Japanese at length left it to the Commodore to select a place for the interview, lie fore taking leave, the deputation said if the ships need ed w ater or provisions, boats would be sent with supplies; but they were told that, ex cept water, nothing else was likely to be required. After mature consideration, CommoJorc . Perry decided to send Captain Adams iu, the YandaSia to meet the tiovcrnor of the j Province at l'raga. Capt. Adams was there' informed by tho tiovcrnor that everything was ready for considering the terms of a treaty between Japan and the United States, and if the Commodore (or, as he w.is termed, the Admiral) would come to l'raga, it would be concluded before the going down yf the sun. It is supposed, however, that what was here meant by a treaty was a favorable reply from the Emperor to the President's letter on the subject, liut Captair Adams , reiterated that the Commodore would not come to L'raga, where he had found the anchorage to Le indifferent, but would meet the Japanese Commissioners at jlcohauia, off the present anchorage ot the flag ship, ten to twenty miles trom L'raga. Captain Adams rejoined the squadrou ou the -Ufa February, and the following day the Japan ese officers visited the Hag ship to settle the place of meeting, when the Commodore, amongst other things, told them that, having been en'.riistcd with so many ships, which were seventeen thousand miles from home, ! he was reasonably anxious about their safe ty, and experience proved to him that L'ra ii did not otter so secure au anchorage as a here they now lay. Some discussion en sued, but finally it was arranged that the meeting should be held at Y'okohama. i I.NTEIU IIANI1F. OF COrRTESES. j Eleven davs afterwards the nieet'ng took place; ami iu the interval, entertainments were interchanged by the American and; Japanese officers. At one ot two given by Captain li.u hanati. the tiovcrnor of l'raga,; as we have sceu in Keying, and ether high Chinese officials, at mice fell in with foreign' observances iu toasting and speechifying. ! Captain liuchanaii proposed the health of the Emperor of Japan, which was drank standing "with all the honors," and was' acknowledged by the tiovcrnor of l'raga. who in return similarly proposed the health of the President of the I lilted States. 1 he Japanese took their liquor freely, especially . ehauipaiige and liqueurs, greatly admit ing : the glassware that contained them; and cx-j pressed a hope that the time was at baud 1 when they would be t liberty to visit l'or- eign countries in steamers aad ships ot ! three musts. It was during this interval that an officer ot tho squadron approached Yedo, and if he did not actually enter .it, at least was near enough to judge of its appearance, and to ascertain, what, however, we believe a surveying party had done before, that close to the shore there is five fathoms water, so that .t cau be approached by large ships. The city is in the form of a crescent, and stands on an extensive plain, with a magnificent backgroaud of mountains and wooded country ; but it seems to pos sess no striking public buildiugs, while the dwelling houses are generally of one story, and therefore present nothing imposing in appearance, 'except the vast numbers and the space they occupy. The population of the capital has, however, been greatly ag gravated, for though it is ceitaitily great, the Japanese officers themselves placed Y'e do third among the cities of the world, Lou don, th.-y said, being the first, aud Paris the second. . I!E Kl'TION OF TIIE t'olfMODOIt E. On the "th, the preparations were com pleted for the reception of the Commodore, who, by th: by, insisted on the removal of the screen work which extended from the shore to the hall, and which shut out the public gaze. Uetween 11 and Pi o'clock, i the marines having been mustered by Ma jor Zeilin, tweiity-ninc boats belonging to j the squadron, manned with armed seamen, ; and under command of Capt. Euchanan, ; conveyed the cortege to the shore, and wait , cd the arrival of the Commodore aud suite, ' consisting of (.'apt. Adams, Dr. Williams, tho interpreter, and tin; Secretary, Mr. U. II. Perry, who landed about noon, under a sa I lute of seventeen guns from the Macedo- niun, the men in the boats standing up aud ! the officers ou shore being uncovered. The ! procession then moved forward, the band playing " Hail Columbia " and the " Pres ! ident's March." f)n Entering the ball, the Commodore was received by four Commissioners appointed for the purpose. They were : First Hayashi, with the title of daigaku on Kama, or Prince councillor. Second Ido, Prince of Tsus-sima, (the group of islands lying between Corca and Japan.) . f Third Idzuina, Prince of Mimasaki, (a principality hing west of Miaco.) Fourth Ldouo second assistant of the Board of Revenue Sl.'.UTlMl HIE JAPANESE FIAO. j The party being seated, the flag of Japan j was run up on board the Powhatan, and sa : luted with twenty one guns from the launch- cs, after which another salute of seventeen guns was given to the Japanese High Coui i missiotier, who, through the interpreters, ; presented his compliments and welcome to i the Commodore and bis officers, and partic- ukrly inquired about the health of the for mer. At a given siirn. the servants in at- , ...,l,.,,.., I ,.,,.!.. ;., ' i ...... r i ;.u tea and stiki, sweetmeats, and other con I serves, and placed one beside each officer. The regalement sc. ins to have been much the same as that which iu China generally precedes the transaction of business with for eign officials ; and while it was going on there was lime to take a note of the place of mec'ing. The Hall, which had been run up with great celerity, was about fifty feet lotig, forty wide and twelve high, and ur , rounded with magnificent japouieas, some of theui thirty feet iu height and in full bloom. Seats and tables about two feet high cover ed with red cloth, extended the whole length of the apartment. The floor was covered with white mats, about three feet long by two wide, ami the place was heated by high ly ornamented braziers placed ou beautiful Japan stands. The pillars supporting the erection were ornamented with purple crape, aud the wall were richly adorued with p-;u-tiugs of birds and Sowers. Tin Hall was situated about five hundred yards from th landing place, aud was commanded by tha ships, which lay with their broad sides to it. Several native arti-t.s were present taking sketches of the strangers, I NT EK VIEW WITH THE. COMMISSIONERS. The refreshments being over, the Com modore and Lis personal staff were conduct ed by the Japanese Commissioners into an other room iu tho rear, the entrance to which was covered with purple crape. The iuter view lasted three hours, and as to the very principal matter, was highly satisfactory. A very favorable answer was given to the President's letter, which we presume was in terms a repetition of President Fillmore's; and it i st-.rted that Commodore Perry was fully satisfied, on all points suggested to him, which, we again presume, were in accor dance with Mr. Secretary Webster's letter of instructions to Commodore Aulick, ac company ing the first letter to the Emperor. A draft treaty, iu English, Dutch, Chiuese, and Japanese, was put into the hands of tbe Commissioners, who said that it would re ceive consideration ; but the old Emperor had died since Commodore Perry was there last year, and his successor was a young man, who would require to consult his Coun cil before giving a final answer ; and the Commodore was reminded that the Japan ese did uot act with the same rapidity as Americans did : w hich was thus illustrated : Should several Japauese meet together, de siring to vioit the American ships, one would say, " It is a beautiful morning?" to which auother would add, " How pleasant it is!" Then a third would remark, " There is not then a wave to be seen upon the water;" at length a fourth would suggest, " Come, let us go aud see the ships." THE Tf.EATV ITS PROVISIONS. That the preliminaries of a treaty would be si tiled during the present visit, was, how ever, more than probable. Its leading pro visions, it is said, will be the opening of three or more of the ports of Japan to tbe c immcrce of the United States, aud secur ing supplies of coals for the steamers of that country. In other respects, the treaty con cluded or proposed i utt lertood to he near lv a counterpart of that with China, except, it is said, that the Japanese objected to a elauc admitting all other countries to the same privileges as America ; uot like the Chinese, from w hom, and not from Sir Hen ry Pottingcr, as is generally supposed, tho privilegesot the English treaty were exten ded to all foreign countries. The Japanese would manifest more sagacity, and save
June 27, 1854, edition 1
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