Newspapers / North Carolina Whig (Charlotte, … / Dec. 14, 1854, edition 1 / Page 1
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Sir fs true io 6cc jo ijeur 6cK)firn, io ijoql Suty." 1 BOLTON bWILLIADISO W, Kdiiohs. T. J. IIULTOX, 1'BOPRIETOR. TKK.MS: Ti.a S'orlli-Crnlir Whip will be aflVtrdt-il lo iiiwrril" TWO DOl.I.AI.eS in uiamo, or rtftl Ul.bA.- AM) HITY I K.N IS ,i p..y. " " , ..., .1 j if til if 1 ...i iK-rfcavcd tor three months, h nil 1 II It l.i: iHil LAK.S lt tic end of the yesr. No p.. ,.rr .11 j 1 ..Kaiiliiiurd uitlil nil rr. nr..gc iff (.aid, ex. Ojll it tl'v oplioM t "' fcuiuira , rimiiiimUiiiwrleJ utOiie I)ull.irrr nquirc ; It lincrle, tlm i-hI type) theiirt ihmt. j ami -Jjcentn lureach co.iiinujiiec. four l id- i.u. TS. ".-I. :Zry;lli will ",U I,J l", British North American provinces have ,-is iri.mthe rrula. priran, for iv.'rti r by 01 " government to exercise a careful su- been exchanged, and soma of its otitic p.itcl ,"'Ter. AilvrrtHrmrnts inrrtd monthly nt perviin, ail i adopt ir pc. mmiurm f .r '.d f . arO already 4.'lijo)l by U', ni- jjri,rlj, t $1 ft '!""' ?"' erl "te. iwrni. ju prottctiou. 'i he policy illicit I liavo ' though its full execution win to abide ccr-LibiM"- f' ;" '5,r tmif. ; v;,.w j ri-gard to this interest cm- i t.un ai ts of ei-.!ation not yet fully perform. I vi n on uu.m. - " - , .Mo.it br tllrmlr: to. f ratmrnta nn be nmitr In rillirr. tTPmlmaftem ore autlioriird ! et in mjrnti. MwOi'i:'" mf -"t' Itit till" or ittptnimanrn: The pt In' Wn an erentfot year, and i r... ...r... I - ....!....) i '..I. i , .1.,. l.i. lore nf ti.a n 1.1. Ul.ile - Inte been happily preserved from the jliL.ities of w ar, jur Uom-tie pto-pi iily ,n Dot been entirely uninterrupted. The r n, iu portions of ihc country, tav" rn en B'jilr cut off. Disease has prevailed to a tei.t than usual, and the saciitiee ". 1 ,.,-.ii l.f.. thriiimli oTo ilti.j L n-i ! hnd. it without a pjr.llel. Hut the come io i ui.nei:.:,v r.eeiv. u an i re-p. ct t,.il...icu has wepl I.T, and restorrd u!u- i-d as a rule uf icteriiational law. Lot the itvitei the alieut to their home., and tv('i-i of one power prevented tl.i-, an I in 'he return of business to its ordinary eban- j. '. If itie i rtli bat rewarded the labor ' the hnsbaiidinan levs l ountifullv tbnt in (.r eeling tsiv)li, it lus bit bim v.ith i:iiMlince f"r dome.tU; want', and a I n.'' s r p ! vi for exportation. In the prent, -refore, as In the pastf e tin l nn.ple urels for reverent lhatikfulliess t-i the si of (trace and I'rovidem-e, fir lit pro v. u; cute sad merciful d. alingv with us u t people. Although our attention his been rrete. t fuinlul interest in pa-dug event., y. t ,-ir e-juutr feels no more than the sli.d.t itions or Ihc convul-e.ns w hi. h have ...n Kurope. A. individual., wc rainel .,-,( sympathy with hum. u sulleni. ., i,..r '.r. l for the cause kUIi pioduee it. As m.lioii, we are rum.uded, that, whatever ,.t. 1 1... n nr slm-lii tU nrn.nrr. r, of anf part ol V IirisU ii lo.n. tcn.l niore . .... ... r It-!- to involve our own. I be condition f tti'.ri ii not unlike that of individuals. .ivy aro tuutuslly dependant upon enub r. Andcable rvlalious brtwccn I hem, .1 reeiprneal good will, lire cs-rniial for proaeitiou of whatever i- d.-n ildc in r.r moral, serial and pilitieal condition Knee tt lixs been my enrue-t endeavor ti .. uin peac ant frivndly inb l course j . tii i. nation.. S lb win- llieo'T cf this g.jvcmmc tit, 'o 3 -W adopted and steadily pursued, of - I mil ng all entangling alliance, lis. hither 1 1' ri'mplcd it from tiiany eomplte.'.iions, in vj "inch it would otherwfi-e have become in j !ir.l. Notwithstt tiding this, our cleaily 3 . Sa- d n I well sustained course of action, i lvf r.ur eengrapieal piisiiion no rennto from Kirip", increasino dipo.ilioii bn been man-! e .nt rary, they are ackimw ledgml io be is i; lid by some of ils govcrniiieM-' to super-! S'-ntial tithe sc cji it y of lie utral commerce ; i s. ini. in certain re.-nrcts. di'i rt our land the only apparent obstacle to their j : ri"ti poucv. In plans lor aoju-l:ii ... ' ! v , uljiire of power belwieo themselves, tin V 3 . '. Ll.c ts.utued to take u. into account, and - v,;j!J cniistraiu us to coiilorm our e induct ill their iir. fine or another if the 4 f-.aeri of Hunpe has, frem tunc to time, s ' rtakru tj euforec arbitrary regulation), 3 entrart .n inant ren.eets to eslalili. bed rurnational law. That law, the Uuitcdl fislel bve, in their foreign ititi riourse, uni- 'Vn'y rrteetcd and nherr'd. ind ther ' cvnuot recognise any uch interpolation, i liHrnii, as the temporary interest, of others I privaleering. .lcll nu article, t-.r mo-t on. may nuggest. They do not ad nut tlml the j v i 'U. reas.-i.s, is much desired by nations otcreigiii of one continent, or of a parlicu- having naval e-tab!i-hiiH nl-, large in pro ir fominut.ity of Stat, . em legislate for'p'rtio.i t tleir foreign commerce If it id sners. I were adopted ns an international rule, the LaviiiK the tranutlalitie nations to adjul Coiinnrrec of i nation hiving comparatively t'.eir political nytcin in tho way they may a -mall naval force, would be very miicli at. (jink best for their common welfare, the the mercy of its en. my, iu cn-e ol war with 'iehp. tidei.t powers of this continent may I power of d, "i led uwiil superiority. 'I he '!i .f rt the right to he exempt fi'oiil ail j bare statement of I he condition iu n hich the -rem ing interference oil their part. Svs- Cute. I States would Iv placed, after having liiatie nb.tinencc from intimate political suricudcrid the right to n-sot t to pi iv-ate. rs, v 'inieii iii with distant foreign nation, docs ; iu the event of w ar with a belligerent of n.i--( eoiitlict with giving; the widest range to , val supremacy, will show that thi- govern ur f ,re..n enmiiiioe.. I'l,,. ,1 , i,, i i,,,, so 'melit could nev er li-t. ll lo such a proposi- f.cirly marked iu hi-torv. ecins e hive M ("in overlooked or disregarded by iome I'liluig foreign State. Our refusal to be -dniglil v. it Inn, and subjected to their po- . I . . . . 1 mar sysle.M, lia, I fear, created a jealous "'ru-t of our conduet. and induced, on i I it, occasional 8Cts of dirtutbiiig cf f'rt upon our furi.'.Kii r..i ,i.o,,a (lor urea, ''itlitude and post course give assurances, - . h should not be que dioncd, that our I "iq.Os. ,ra n,)t 0;Jre,,iv,., nor threaten- to tho r-afety and welfare of other na- ( ns 11,,, -.ii; ;.. .; . .nii,.,v vsuui.,iiie in, in ...ii. .' '' r'ee, is adapted to maintain exterior do- jf iie-., Bll,l t preserve order among the , J'"iriginal tribes within tl.e limits of the ' bitter situated, in war with one ot the sec '."'' H,ir naval force i intended only ' ondary naval power. Though the naval ,,,r the protection 0f our cilixcti abroad, 1 disparity would be les, the greater extent, ""1 of our commerce diffused, as it it, over j and more expo-ed condition of our wide c 'ie globe. Tho government nf tho Uni 'spread commerce, would give any of them 'vte, being euentially pacific in .oli-J li-" advantage over u. sianus prepared tt repel invasion by ll, ' . . -s luiuntary service ! patriotic. j. ..pic, v"l provides no permanent uiaui of for ' tgti aggression. These consideration" eliould 5 "J all nppreheiitioi:, that we nre disposed ''"eroath on the righu or endaugec the " -mity of other States. Some Kuropeaii power hnvo regarded, "li di-qiiict ig concern, the territorial ex-r-tin of t!, Uuiturl Statcn. This rapid -'r"-vlh has resulted from the hc'itim ite x- I'd'He of aovcrcign right, belonging alike j 1 ll iiatinn-., and by many liberally cxer lpl'd. Under tueh circumstances it could j ')5r,lly have becu expected that tho wtnoiiu i 'l'", which have, within a comparatively .r"'CNt period, aubdued and absorbed an ,' lfnt kiugdoms, planted, tlieir atandnrds on i.trj cyi,t iicu', aud uow Mi,u cUiui the control of, the islunds of every ocean but tlic proposed surrender goo but Utile as their appropriate domain, r.ould look way in currying out that principle, which c with unfriendly sentiments upon the acqui- cjuully requires that such private property Bition of this country, in every instance, should not he seized or molested by liatioii honorably obtained, or would del them- ul chips of war. Should the lending powers lelvea juMilied in imputing our udvaucc- of L'unipo concur in proposing, a a rule of meiit to a spirit of aggression or to a pas- international law. to exempt private propyl, ion for polienl prcdomiiiauec. j ty, upon the ocean, from seizure by public Our f'oreiirn eritotiii.l-nn lina rAiw-1,,,1 n I n ....... . I J .....II .... k .. .1... n s " '"" ' " ' , , ,.:,, ,.i . ...... i , , ? ' '. 1 '- ma" C . urn maritime power o: tlic earth, and exceeding that of any other. ''''' 'hi great interest, in which not only our merchant, but all classes of citizen, at l,.ut indirectly, are concerned, it is the du- i,ruce-i ttn lulure utt wcii as Ui prcavut he- curity. ! Lou cxpirieiicj n t-ho'.Mi tbnt, in p. ncral, lien tliu prinoijial power of nu n unmolested oceesi to the Lores mrl Kurope aro cii'aL'eil in war, tl.o r i u L ta of, bay, from which they bad been pieviju-ily neutral nations are cU'Uiii'cio 1. Ibis com- excluded , on the coasts of her Noitli Amer ideration led, in the ptoie'. of tliu war ' iean prownccs ; in return for whieli, she a-k-of our ii.depc iidi'iiec, to the forntiiiioii ol , ed for the introduction, free of duty, into the culebr..led confederacy of armed neu- (he poi Is of tlie l. nited States, of tiie li-h Iraliiy, a primary obj.-c t of hieh w as, to asMrt tlic uoetrine. t tin f treif ulitns uiarfe . , - . , . . ttve toods, exeept in mtnles contrabniid f war: a dmlu.ie w hit b. I'ruiu tho verv couimciiceiiiei.t of our tuilwimi b' ing, has I cell a I heti-hcJ idea of t.ie sl .le.lnell of this country. At one period or another. , every liiaiitime riser has, by some -oleum "ial "'". recogni-e 1 that piim ipb ; and It n.iubt have belli hop. d that It Ho. il l tito text great ar w hn-li i ns.ied, that of the l''eneLl revolution, it lulled to bu res- pceted anioni; the bellierai.t Slnles of Kit- r.o.e. Notwilh-lriii.iiti.' tlit'. the tuiueiide i eiKTttlly aiiiuitted t-i a sound mid aluury one ; so tnu. h ", that, at the coin- in. nieiiieut of the 1 i -lit.,; war it. L'tirup", ' ireat Ui itaiu an 1 Irulico anno meed t heir nurii i-eto observe it for the present ; not. I. owner, a- a reegin-ed international tight, but a a mere concession for the time being I he to op. ration, however, of these two powcrtui uiaraiime iimioiis in tuc miere.-l "- ..erai iigi.i., :. . arco i ) n c to aii-ft oeen-.o.., in v nil,.- and justify in.'. ..ti t lie P! ' r- 1 ' 1 "'-. a f'eed .fT.rt n.al.e the d .e trinc in quotum a prm-i- 'f n.'.ernnti.mal law. by means of s,,... . eotitet.tions between the several p .vv.rs of LliroiMj ll 1 Allliriea. A ecordi e ! v , a I I iiini , embracin" still, in!:., li it only tt fre.s 'l.h, r,,..l I xeei t that fro T enntrahatid at ti !'., but a!- "i till- ), o rvi- t'sfcj one, tlir-t m 'Ural rroj-crl v. Other llian cotitrat aii I, HioolIi "ii I ir.l i i . inv s shit.-., shall l.e exempt from ronTi-cati-m, has teen .ul n.itl. ,1 by tl i gov. ,ii!il tit to those of Kurope and ii i. lljssi-v neted promptly iu this matter, and a .- invention vw. c liielud. d, I t veen that e.sutitry aud the I. idled S'.i'.es, pr vi dll.g for the ob-e rv alu e "f lie- piitie'plcs ami iiinced, Hut only a. !o tiv.-. n tin ni-i In--, but !. a letw.in the tn and all other ti.i t :.":. sv v hi h -hail enter it.t .'.Lc -1 i j 1 1 ! . 1 1 i en. None of the otlu-r powi is b've a. yet taken "nal tn-ti on on tin- subject. I am not aware, however, that any obi. i io:. lo the proposed t a pnl at io us has I.e. i. made ; but, on th" ... i...r,l ,loi,li.-iii id tl, ir ik,,.tl I i H t , -i r il e - " . - - - ....... fmiy be cticunibt red by ilia lllts-iloe C Midl- lions. The King of the Tro Sieil.e Ins rxpres.. ed t) 0'ir lnilii-t-r at Naide. his readiness to concur in our pr position relative to ii. ,i- t' 1 rights, and t eni-r into a convention mi that subnet. The King of Prussia entirely n; proves of the project f a treaty to the same cfb ct. "il niitt. A to bim, ! ; np . . . . an ad.iili in- al atticle prov iding for the reniii'cialion of Itn.ti. I he navy ol the first maritime power ill Kurope is nt lea l tea times as large as ' that ol the I'uited Slates. The foreign com- lineree of the two countries is nearly equal, i .1 i , i . . i . -1 i . and about equally expose, i io no. mo uepie- daliou.. 1 n war between that power and th, j I'uited States, without resort on our part to 'our mere , Mile inaiiiie, the means of tnir en- cmy inflict injury upon our commerce j would be tenfold greater than ours to retal- ( , into. We could not extricate our country 'from this unequal condition, with such nn ..,..oi,v .ml, ,s we at once denarted from our j , i present peaceful policy 'and I anic a groat naval power. Nor would this country be I ne prop,iiu..n i-j r mei mtu ,s .to fotei'o resort to pi ivatoers, in case this eonntrv should be forced into war m it Ii a ureal naval power, is not entitled to more 1 lavornble consideration thnii' w ould bo a ' proposition, to a-rce not to accept the s, r- vme. of volunteer for operation on land, j When the horo. or the rights of our country ; require it to a-stiine a hostile attitude, it con- i lideiitlr relics upon the patriotism of its t it- j ix. ns, uot ordinarily devoted to the military : profession, to augment the army and the na- vv, so as to make th fully adcqjute to the emcr -eney which calls them into action. Tho ropoaal to aurrendcr the right to em- ploy privateera is professedly founded upon I. .vrineiidc. that private property of un- otfcndiii.r non-combatants, though enemies', Uau!d lu eicii.pt from the rvaSc of war ; 1 (iinii't iignt ui Kill n uy II IV ni?. u ,, . , .. ... ... ' ' UI"":U '-ch will readily meet them upon that broad ground Since the adjournment of Congress, ihc ratifications of the treaty between tin; Uni ted Slates mil Creat liritain, relative to eou-t fi-l. cries and to reciprocal trade; wiih cu. sio soon an it us ratuuu, ureal ni itinn lopetieu to our CKiniiierei' the tree naviati ili of the river St. Lawrence, and t oitr li-di.T- er.u .lit I'M tin: -uuic e i . ; L.y i.iiu II liM:er- iiiii. liiM h.'iii tiie e'j'iipi li-a:. jii, .iiini- iated in the treaty, for privileges of the high est imnol t.'itiee and value to tho li.il;:.! Slates before W 111' i were thus vohir.t n i )' vi. Kiel it became tfl' ftive, the n iju.-t seeiii- ed to me t i be a reasonable one ; but it could not b iiceeded ti, frjiii want of authority to suspend our laws imposmjf duties upon all f jrei.Mi fi-li. Iiithe meantime, ta; 'i ixa-- u r y D'partui'M.t i-.-ued a regulation, for ns e i ; a i iii I. the dut ev .aid or secured by I on 1- mi ti-h ea on the coa.-li of the brought t' our iiinr- Juti-li privineis k' t' hv Uiitl-!l - aie uMicts, alter ti.e Ii-lniij- it. lmouii N bad I en iu ide fully aecc-.-ible to the eitizen of the I'mted States. 1 recoui- mend to v.ur lavorable e ni-ideraH-j-i a pi q.o-iti .n, whieli wiii be submitted to y ou, lor authority to refund th duti ? an I eau- eel I he bo:i Is 1 1, us received. J be ir jv tin- s of (' 1:1 . ! v and New Ijrvtiniek have al-o atiticip.ted the foil iqc-r-ition of tie.' treaty, by b i-l iti.e arraii.'emct.ts, re-pei tivi ly, to admit, tree of duty, the proluet of the I -nitcd St it 's mcn'.i jii cd iu tho fre;-' li-t of the treaty; an I an nrran-.'emciit. situiiar to tint renrdnr H. iti'h fj-li, lias In e t nude fvr duties t o-.v ehar-edde oil the pro lue-t s of those provii;e, s enumerated in the nine free, list, and in'ro lu ed therefrom into tlie I nit". I St ito; a pr .position for rcfu'.ding whieli will, in iffy judgim-iit, he ill like innti In r entitled to voir f Ivor able eoii-iileratioii. ft. ere i- diT lef.c: of opinion Lotwci'ii the I I, nite I S-a'o and (ireat ltiitain, ns to the uindn-y line "f the Territory of WiL-binc- I t: a. I'; III Itie I'M f.-' lining the linti-li possessions on the which has ntrea ly led to difficulties 't f t! i ::'. ti- : -i 1 ! i ' auth ir ii. t-.i . n i i iiiiietit-. I rce.lli tnend ni-i -u be made for a coin mis-ion, to tail j le i - d hv one on the pait of lie r li-it.in- Lie 1 j. -ty', f i .-tabii-Liu ; the purpose of i ,i-niin and bo" iti r iiilrev e i-v. Ccr- t'liti sttpufati his ot the third and fourth ar ticles nf the treaty concluded by tho I 'idled M il. s and lircit J ri t n i n in 1 -!(. rrardiiig ,i,-,.-orv rights ol the 1 1 i Nun's lliy Com paiiv, and piuperty of the I'ugifs Sound Agricultural Company, have given ri-e to sc....... .'.i-piil.-s, and it is impoitant to all eoiieerncd , that nummary nieaiis of s-ltlirg lleou ainieably should be devised. I have reason to Indie vc. that au arrangement cun be llilt! l i-t b niis. for the- extiiigiiisbuiPtit of th. i ; t. in q,i, -lion, embracing, ai-o, the ii. Iii of the Hudson's hay Company to the navigation of the river Columbia ; a lid 1 therefore suggest t i our consideration, the expediency o; pri'lti 'II t e 1 : . ! coiiliiige nt r. n ro- ti Ul pOsf. i- tin- eui'y anl efficient ally of i - in tt.eir struggle f.r inlc l r on that time, to the present, r tl,, p.-i wit I I,. . i-i e ii s.,.-!,t interi iititi..!.-, e'l .lu! His ot friendship have existed between rclat the government and people of the two coun tries, i b" kiudly si iitiiiii-i.t-s, ch. i i-lied alike by I ..th iialijn-. bale led to extensive social ll!,l c. in, in re i i'l illtereolll -e, vv bieh I tiu-t, will let be interrupted or checked by any ei-ii'il ev. nt of an apparently mt-:iti---f.i.liry eiriraob r. Too l-'rencli cui-ril nt San I'lanei-co was, not long since, brought into the United Slate district court at Unit place, b compulsory process, as a witnos ill 1. 1. or another ho-iu consul, iu viola tion, a- the 1'ieiieh j:oveiniiient enieeiies, of his pri v ilegi . under our eoi,jlar convi n tiou wuh Fiance. There being nothing iu th" transaction which Could imply anv dis. ropeel to I ranee or its cou-ui, sum expla nation has been tuaue, as l nope win lie salisiactory. Subsequently, misutiil, rst a tid ing nrose on the subject, of the French gov ernment having, as it appeared, abruptly cxcliidcd the Anieiican iniliister lo rspalti from pu-inj through France on his way from London to Madrid. Hut that govern- mint has unequivocally disavowed any ,le - sign to deny the right of transit to the mill- . isler of the United States ; aud, after ex- plannti uis to this effect, he has resinned his louriiev. and .'irtu.illy ii turni-,1 through . . ,, ., , , . ., 1 i ant e I ,aiu. I lieievvilli lay tielore V ou rre'spoiiileiiee on this subj 'i t he gros tin; corresi tivceii our envoy at I ans, and tin iiin.i-t,r of for, ign relation on the French govern- , in, nt 'I he position of our n flairs with Spain re- : mains ns at the close of your last s.-s.sion. Internal agitation, assuming vei y nearly the character of political revolution, lias recent ly convulsed that country. The late minis ters were violently expelled from power, mid , men, of very different views iu relati.ni to, its internal a flairs, have succeed.-.!. Since this change, there has been no opportunity; to resume, and press on, negotiations for. the adjustment ot serious question of dilli- cully between the Spanish government and . the I inled States. There is reason t.-. be- , lieve that our minister will find the present ; l -vernincnt more favorably iiielined than, tho preceding to comply with our just do mand. nnd lo make suitable arran.-cment ; for restoring haiinouy.nnd prcscrvingpeaee, bctw.eu the two eouiitne. Negotiations aro pending with Denmark to discontiiiuo the practice, of levying toll. ou our aud tUeir cargoes f-w.-in j throupli tho .Sound. I rlo not doubt that wc j Mcanwliilcj xni in anticipation of the core-; compliance therewith, rindinjr tlmf nt itlier ; n-uunt of expenditures by at leff fifteen jean claim esemption tliercfrom, as a matter jpletion aud importance of this transit way, ' the populace, nor those assuming to have ' millions of dollars. I ohall, therefore ! of ri'ht. It is admitted on nil hand, that j a nnmbcr of adventurer had taken pofses-; authority over them, manifested any dispo- ' coiitiii'jc to direct that tho .surplus reve ! this exaction i fcitnctioiied, tiot by the (.'i n- eion of the old Spanish port at the i to-ilh ..itiyn to niako the H.uird reparation, or nue be applied, - eo far ns can bo judi crul principles of the law of nations, but of the river Sail Juan, in open deliance of cieu to offer excuse for their conduct, be eiously n-M economically done, to the re . only by nprcinl conventions, which most of tho .State or S'-.tus of Central Anieiic:1, ' wnrned tlirm, by a pullic proclamalioii, d'n tiouof the jiublic d..bt, the amount cf the commercial nation have entered into which upon their becoming independent, had that if they did not give s itislactioti within w hich, at the comnieiicemeiit of the last 6 with Denmark. The fifth article, of our rightfully succeeded to the local sovereignty a time sp.cilicd he would bombard the cul jcar, was sistv-sevcii n.illions thre treaty of with Denmark, provides and jui isdictiou of Spain. These adveu- town. !y this procedure he afforded them liuiulred and forty'ihousmid hjx hundred tliat there shall not be paid, on the vessels turcrs undertook to change the namu of the opportunity to provide for their personal and teny-ei;ht dollars; of which theru i of the United States and their cargoes when place from San Juan del Norte to G rey town, ' safety. To tho.e also who detiied to avoid bad been paid on tliff twentieth of Novm-pas.-iuj; through the Wound, higher duties and, though at first prcteiiditij; to net as loss of property in the punishment about to her, I-j&I, tliu sum of twnity-two millions th in those of tho most favored nations, tlic subjects of the fictitious sovereign of the ! be inflicted on the offending ton n, he fur- three hundred and sixty-five thousand one This may be regarded us an implied agree- Mo.-piito Indian', they subsequently repu- j nished tho means of removiiii tlitif effects hui.dred and seventy. tw dollars ; leaving tnciit to submit to tho tills Curing the con- dialed the control of any power whatever, I by tli boats of his own ship, and of a a balai.ee of outstanding public debt of on tiuuai.c.e of the treaty. Mid, coitsccpientl v," assumed to adopt a distinct political oj-iraii- ! steamer which he procured and tendered ty ly forty-fo'ir millions nii.e hundred and tif nrny ciul. arras the vi. HO?'" ol ourf right Ization. and declared tbcuiclvvs an inue ; them Tor thht purpose. At K-rv.-tli. pureeiv- ty -six dollars, redeemable tt liiflerent p. ri lo lie leltusi-d there'i'rorj7. There are uiso pendent sovereign State. If, al ?oine time J ing no disposition on tii f ;irt of ill.; fovn ces itl.in ioin te n J 'll.eieaie a!ao other provision-, in the treaty which ought a faint hope was entertained that they might ' t) comply with his refjiii-iti on,, he appealed , rem mints of oN:er .n-inriiV nt -toels, M;ot to be modified, it was to remain iu force become a stable and respectable commuiii- to the coinmnti.tr of ft r Hi itaunie .Maje-ty's of which aro already d-ie, and on wlii?lt for ten year-', and until wig year alter cith- ty, that hope coon vanished. They pro- ' schooner " Ilut uiuda," w ho was seen to have ( the interest h is ceased, but v, hih hav not j er parly shouM pivc notice to the other of ,'vedcd to a-. rt uitfonnded claims to civil intercourse, atpl nppaienily much intiiicnec. I ji t been presented for pnjmt i.t, atuounHni i intention to termiuate it. I deem it expo- ! jurisdiction over l'uiita Arenas, a po-iiim ' villi the lea.'o-s among them, to inlfi pose j to two hundred and thii ly tbreo thousand dient that tho coitemplateil notice should I on the opposite side of the riv r San Juan, and persuade them to tal e some course ' one hundred and svnly-iiin.) dollars., j bo given to the prveriK.ieiit of IX niuark. j which was in possession, under a title ivhol- j calculated to s ive the nrces-ity of resorting j 'I His statement exhibits the fact, that i'(ia J The naval expedition, despatched about i ly indt pendent, of them, of citizens of the ' to the extreme measure iin!ie:it-d iu his annual income of the (iovei iimcnt greatly ! two years since br the purpose of establish-1 I'uited States, interested in the Nicaragua ' proclamation ; but that officer, instead ol exceeds the a.liount of hs publii debt, ing relations vi:ii tit- e npire of Japan, has (Transit Company, and which indispen- ae.-ciiing to the request, did nothing more! nhich lutur reiuaiiis unpaid, only because been ably and skilfully cond i.-ted to a sat.lv necssurv to the pio-t.erous operation than to protest ajainst the conteninlated tlie time has uot matured, nn.l it ennnnt h .vicccssiul tensin it:o.i l.y tne olli. er to vv u'jin it -.is el trust-.i. A treaty, opi ning e 'rtain of the oils of ;!i.it populous eoun- tiv, has been negotiated; aud in order to eive full itiec. thereto, it only remains to exebange ralit eatioiis, and adopt rcquisit cominerci'il regulations The treaty lately concluded between the I'nited Stale.- an 1 Mexico settled some of our ino-t euibir,i.--iiig dilTicuhies with that cjuutry. but toiuerous uiaims upon it for vv ro:i"s anu iiiijnes to e u citizens remained u la ijusteil, atti iiiany ii. vv cases have been l.'C. litlv added to the f irmer list of L'liev- auccs. vlur leaitoii has been earnest in its endeavors to obtain, from ti.e Mexican gov ernment, a favor iLie coti-idcra:iein of those 1-l.iints, but billu'tto wit f jut success. This failurj i-, probably, in - nie mea-ure. to be ascribed lo the di t J i lit 1 condition of th..t Country. It has been mv anxious desire to inaiiitaiii fik'iidly relalntis with the Mexican republic, and to c-iu-e it- rights and terri- tones to be respected, n t only by our till- tor lie witnessed the transaction on which xcii-, but by foreigner-, who have resorted t !i 2 cliarg-: was founded, and believing, al ti the United Stales ! tlie purpose of or- o, that the intruding party, bavin-' i:a yi- aiiizin,' hovti'u expeditions again.-l sonic of the laies of tuat 1.' putiic. J he defence- condition, in vvbn i its frol.liers have I ecu left, has st inn 'at. .i lawless au venturers t embark iu these ctd. prises, and greatly increased the dithcnltv ... i - ,i- i . f . - f ciitoreiiiL' our oloi at ioiia of tieutrai.lv. llcardiii - it ns my solemn duty to fulhl, efficii ntlv, these obligations, t'.ot only t ovards Mexico, but other foreign nation-, I havo exerted nil the po el'S with whiih I am invested to defeat sueli crinittinl proi ii.lgs, I lid brills to pun- isliiin nt tU'ise wi.o, 1.;. taliing a part lliereiu, i dated our lac. 1 he ctii rgy and activity of our civil ai. I military u ilhoriiics have fni-tratid the de-ens of those Wi.o inedita tcd expeditions of tl.i.. character. exee t in tvv j iii-taiu f jr. i 'tier-, tine of the-e, coaipo-cd of '- ''i -t couiiteiintieed and amen ny uie .u 'Xiean government itscii, it , .1 . , ,i , r liavi'.g be. .: d.o, ived as to their real object, 1 he other, sma.l in number, eluded the v ig- ilaiicc of the niagi-trates at San 1'rancisco, nud succeeilcd in reaching the Mexican ter- ritories; but the i liective measures tak' ii by this government compelled the abandonment of the undeitaking. Ths -omniission ti establish the new line t etwecii the ( Inte l Mates and .'loxno, cording ,) the provisions of tiie treaty of the .", hh ol l'cce. nbci la-t, has been orgaiiizod, and tlis- vvoik i. alroady coiiiiueiiced Our treaties with the Argentine Con fed n ation and with the llepublic of Uruguay, anl Paraguay, '-'ure to u- the free naviga tion of the- river I,i I'iatn, and some of tt. 1 .vi gor trihutai ies ; but the sitno success has not attended our en Jeavor. t open the Aui iiz "ti. The reasons in faror of the free use of that river, 1 had occasion to pri sent tui y . in a former nios-age ; and, considering the coidi .l relations which have long existed b.twoeii this government and lirazii.it may be expe ted that pending negotiati..us wul. t-viiituallv, reach a favorable result. Convenient means of transit, between the si vcral p uts of a e vintry, are not only de sirable lor the object of commercial and p. rsuial c ohiiiiiiii" in in, but essential to its existence under mij government. Separa t -d as ure the Ai! intie and I'acilie coasts .f t.i; Uiled States bv th' vv !i oic breallh of tii ' euitiiicnt, still the inhabitants of each are closely hound t Jg iher by community of origin and institution, and bv strong attach- incut to the Union. Hence ti.e constant and iucrea-iii ' inte rcourse, and vast inter, hatige of commercial productions, hettveeu tlnse remote divisions of the Kcpiiblie. At the procnt time, the mot practicable and only commodious routes for communication be- tvv ecu them are by the way of the I-lhtnns of Central America. It it the duty of the .'ovcriiiiieut to secure these avenues ngaiiisl all danger of interruption. i In relation to Central America, perplex- . . , . . i . , Il, illlcsliotis eXlsto.1 between tlie t llllcu States an l Croat l'.iitain at tlie time of the cession of California. These, as well as quo-iions which subsequently arose concern ing iiilor occanic communication across the Isthmus, were, ns it was supposed, iidu-lcd bv the treaty of April lei.VI : but, un fortunate lv. thev have been ro-opencd by serious misunderstanding as to the import of . . . ' . . n,i,,. nf iis nrnvisioiis. a re-ad i ust meiit of which i now under consideration. Our minister lit London has made strenuous cf- forts to accomplish this desirable object, but has not yet found it p -"iblc to bring the lie.'otati.vns to a termination. i As incidental io these questions, I deem it proper to notice nn occurrence which Imp- .. it. - .. .1 i p-nel III veiiltai .vmirieii, near i.ie eiose ; of the la-t se.-ion of Civngres-u. So soon as , the necessity was perceived of establishing intrr-occaiiio communications across the 1 Isthmus a eomnanv was ortranited. under 1 authority of tho Mate ot .Nicaragua, Lilt compoicd for the luo-l part, of citizens of the United States, for the purposo of open ing such a transit way, by the liver San Ju an ami Lake Nicaragua, vv hii h soon became nu eligible and much used route in the transportation of our citizens and their pro perty between tlie Atiautio ud 1'aidUic. , oi tu n route aero-s tne isthmus. J lie com pany resisted their groundless claims ; whore Upon they proceeded to destroy seme of it buildings, and attempted vioiei.tlv to di.- po-sess it. At a later peril 1 thev orani. -d a strong force for the jotvpo-" of demolishing tliL. tablishui'tit at 1'iiiita Arenas, but tl.i- mis chicvuiis de-ii'ii was defeated by the int. rpo sitioli of one of our ships of w ar. at that time in the harbor of ."an J oan. Subsequently f l.iis, iu .viay last, lio.lv ol men Ir.jm Oivy to n crossed over to 1 unta Arenas, ,iri0. puliation nothing in exteiiuatioti of their and eijlily-otie dollars; and the appropria (ialii!g authority to arrest, on the charge conduct ; but contumaciously refused to lions mane, to the sum of hlty-ei-bt million of murder, a captain of one of the steam- hold any intercourse with the eot ander one hill. diet and sixteen thousand nine Imn. boats of the Tran-it Companv. Jlein well aware that the chiiui to exercise jurisdie- tion there vvoael he resisted then, as it had been on previous occasions, they went pre pared to !.--ert it by force of arms. Our luU.i-l. r ti Central Ameiica, happened I) be .re-eiit on that occa-iun. Ik liev ing that the captain uf the steamboat was innocent, -dictioii over tlie place when; they pro- p.)e(i icmake I he arrest, wouhl eiicointer liopefali resistance if they pei.-i.-re l in their put p jse, he interposed, e lfectually, to prevent violence and bloodshed. 'J lit; A- ......... i ....... - .1 .1 i .. inerictui minister afterwards vi-ited drey town, and hiUt be wtisth'-re, a mob, includ ing eeltain of the so called public function aries of the place surrounded the house in which ho was, avowing that they had come to arrest him, by order ol some person ex- orcisang the chief authority. bile pailey- ing with them he was wounded by a mis-ile from the crowd. A boat, de-patehed from the American steamer "Northern Light," v v """ is..,- ... 5..u,...i,.y ,,, which he was understood to be, was fired in- to by the town guard, and compelled to re- turn. The.! incidents, tog. ther with the l.. .. . . f . i. . . . i .. .: . .. - r i . . soon u enai aeecr oi i ue popuoiuou oi u rey - town, and the ir excited state, induced ju-t apprehensions that tlic fives and property ol our citiciis at I'unta Arenas would be in imminent danger after the de parture of tho steamer her passengeis, for New 'orK, unless a guard was lelt lor their pro- t.ctioii. Tor tnis purpo-e, and in order to en-urc the safety of p: ngers and proper- ty pa-siug over U,o route, a temporary force was orgatnz .1, at considerable expen.e to the 1 tilted Mates, tor winch provision was wade at the last session ol (. ui gross. boldoncd them to grasp at the treasures and This pretended community a hctcroge- valuable merchandise continual! v passing iKoUS assemblage, gathered from various over the Nicaragua route, ll certain! v w o ild countries, nnd composed for the mo-t part have b-'in niost satisfactory to me if theob of blacks and persons of mixed blood had jeets cf the Cyane' mission could have pri viouslv given other indications ot mis- cliievous and dangerous prope nsities. Kar ly in tii" same month, property was clati ,1, stmely nb-traeted Irom ti.e depot of the Trau.-it Company aud taken to (irevtown. The plunderers obtained shelter there, and their pursuers were driven back by its people, who not only protected the wrong do. rs .-fid shared the plunder, but treat' ,1 with rudeness "Ju l vieicuee those who sought to recover their properly. Such, in substance, are tlic f.,cts submit ted to my consideration, ami proved ly trustworthy evidence. I could not doubt that the case demanded the interposition of this (iiiveriitnctit. Justice required that reparation should be made for so many and such gross wrongs, and that a course of in- solelice and plunder, tending dinilly lo the insecurity of the iives of numerous tray- eh rs, and of the rich treasure belonging to our citizens', passing over this transit vv ay, should be peremptorily arrested. What- ' ever it might bo iu other respects, the com- niuiiily iu question, in power to do mischief, was not de-pieable. It was veil provided with ordnance, small arms and .iiiiiuiiiiition, and might easily seize on the unarmed boats, freighted with millions of property, which passed iilmo-t daily within its reach, ...:.......-..,,.. v...e .1.. - IV vim nut p.oiess io ocioii'- to ..ny ic--iii.ii government, and bad, in fact, no icco; ;llUe,l .lepeiidaiii'c on or connexion with any one to vilitcli the United Slates or their injured citizens might apply for redress, or which could be held re-pon-ible ill any way for llu' outrage's committed. Not standing be fore the world in the attitude of nu organ i'"d political society, being neither compc- I., r.l. '...... l' i tent to exccrcise tlic rights nor to discharge tho obligations of a government, it w as in I'uring the same period, the payment- made fait a marauding c-t ibli-hmciit. too dan- in redemption of the public debt, iiicUding gerous to bo disregarded, and too guilty to ii.teret and premium, amounted, to tvvci.ty- pass unpunished, nu,l yet incapable ed being four millions three hundred and thirty-six treated in any other way than as a pirati-, thousand three hundred and eighty dollars. cal re-ort ol outlaw s, 0r a camp of savages, j To the sum t ,:,! of the receipts ot that depredating on emigrant trains or caravansj year is to be a ided a balance remaining; in ... i ,t,. ,;..r , : .o , . of ;i';il7,.,ii,i.T.,o,,. ., ,i, ii. ..,, mw ..s...v, - ... v Slates. Seasonable notice w as given to the people of ti rey town that this (iovcrniiient required them to repair the itijuriea they bad done toour citizens, ami to make suitable apology for the insult of our Minister, and that a , .-hip-of-war woiilJ be despatched thither to sixty-seven dollars of receipts above expeu- more disastrous , ,11-1 q iences. Ce.ngre, I enforce compliance with thee demand.-. ditures, also remained in the Treasury. 1 ;IUI i;rc, w ill j r, , ive that the plaiue-t du lt.it the notice passed unheeded. Thereup-1 Although in the opinion of the Secretary,! tie and n -p.i sibilitie of goverunient ure on a commander of the navy, iu charge of j the receipt of the current fiscal year are) involved in t.iis oui-tioii, and I doubt not thi -sloop-of-w ur " Cyane," was ordered to 1 not likely 13 equal in amount those of the t,ut ruyuq t n.tioii n av be 10 cidcutlj ac.. reoa' lliu dcaiaud., aud to itoit-t, ujoa ' Utr jcl "tiiej w lA uudoubiJly csceed tlm' i-,.'iJw ik UjV - 1 bombardment. No steps of any fort were - taken by the people to give the satisfaction - ,, rtquired. No individuals, if ativ there , were, who regarded themselves as not rcs- pon-iblo for the misconduct of the com munity, adopted any In. ans to sepnrate them-elvcs from the late of the guilty. The several cnarges on winch the demands tor1 redress were funded had been publicly' known to nil for souie time, and were again annoui.eed to tin in. They di.'. not deny ! any of these cbar-'es ; thev offered no tx- ol the ' Cyane. ' l!y their obstinate silence : dred and lift y-cight dollars. Uf this excess they eeln.'d rather desirous to provola'of a J ;r. q.i iat.ons over est i mates, however, chasii-eiiietit than to c-eape it. Tin re is more t li:.n twenty millions w as applicable t" amide reason to believe that this con. 1 net ol ext i aorvi i I'T.ry objects, bavin"; no reference wanton defiance on their rvt is iiunntal.le to the u-oal animal evr.eiiilii or. j mmi chiefly to the delusive ide i tu.it the Aiiicri - can I Jovcrnnient would be deterred from punishing them through fear of di-plta.-inj a formidable foreign Power, which they fact, for objects e-f oldiuary expenditure the presumed to think looked with complacency, appropriations were limited to considerably upon their ajgie-sivo and iusuitinu' dep-vrt-, less than forty millions of dollars. 1 there meiit tow ards the United States. The " Cy-, fore, renew tVy rcccomiMcnd atioii for a ro tme '' at length fired upon the town. 1!. -1 ductijii of the duties on imports. . The re fjre much inj iry had boon done, tho fire p.'ft of the Si ?etary of the Treasury r.fcs vv as tivice su-pended, in order to af! 3rd op - portutiity for an arrangement, but this was .... i m . . e . e . i -. i - - e . ... eiiuu'i. en uie euiieiings oi i ne place, of little value generally, were, in the I'lcl, destroyed, but, owing to the c ui-id- crate .rcctiutioii taken by our naval com- uiauder, there was no destruction of life. iVnen the " Cyane " w s ordered to (Vu- ' dciaiis ot a nieasure to that cficcf. tral America, it 'was confidently hoped and : coiiiu xion Willi this subject, I reecoin- expectcd that no occasion w ould arise f.r l;,"d a change in the laws, w bich recent ex 'a resort to violence and destruction ol I'cr'reiiee lias shown to be csscntfal f.j the pro property and lo-- of life." Instructions to -cctiou of the g.. v ernuient. There i-s no ex ni.u j i o t-1 were given to per commander; atid no extreme act would have heel, re,, .i. fjte (,.id not the people themselves, I v iheir extraordinary conduet. in tie affair fr.i,. . y ' trated ail the p issible mild measures f oblainiin' satisf.ietioii vviil.dioiw.il from tl.e place, the object of the visit ent iiely di- feated, would, under the circumstances in which the commander of the Cyane found himself, have been absolute abandonment of all claiiii ol" our citizens for iude'inniliation, aIl subu.is-ive nequieseence in national di-gnitv. It would have etieonra-ed in these ,, a ..pint of insolence aud rai.ine mo-t dang, rous to the lives and proiiertv of our eiiiz.-us at I'unta Arenas, and probable cm- been consummated without any act ot pa! lie force; but th ; arrogant contumacy of mm Ired nnd ninety eight thousand dollars, the offenders r n iered it Impossible to avoid '-'he trrcat dilb. ulty with which the detection the a'teitiitivc, eiliu r t) L.o.L up :l,il; . s- "' t'"i'' I'""'! U has btcti a '.ten .led, in CilKi.-tabli-hmeiit, or to leave thorn impressed q'leuce of the abstraction uf books and pi with the ide a that they might persevere pers by the rctirit,g ofr-eers, ard the fieiiity with impunity in a career of in-ub'tice nud "j'-'1 which similar f ail Is in the public ser plunder. : 'iee may be perpetrated, render tire iiccs- This trausnction has leeu the suioeet of, -'f new legal etnietinviit, ft! the respects complaint on the part cf some foreign pow .i"ii now. ers, and has been eliaractenzod with more of harshness than of justice. If comparisons wore to be instituted, it vvo.i'i I not be .ii:Vi cuit to present repeated instances jj, tin history of States, standing in the ve ry front ot modern civilization, where communities. tar loss otleudiug aud more defenceless than Cievlown, have bet n chastised with lnn-h greater severity, and where not cities only have been laid in ruins, but human life ha- I con recklessly sacrificed, and the blood of the innocent as made ro:'ue!y t- mingle with that of the guilty l'as-jng from foreign to domestic aff .irs, your attention is na'urally directs.! to the financial condition of the country, always a subject of general interest. For complete and exact information regarding the liiian- cos, and the various branches' of the public service connected there with, I refer you to .1 .i. . w . i' .i... 'i'-. .". . toe icpoieo. me e-et-icwi,y it me- iiii.suiy , tioui winch it will appear that the amount of revenue during the 1 i-t Nseal year, from all sources, was seventy -three million I've hundred aud forty-nine thousand seven hun dred and five dollars; aud that the public expenditure? I t the same period, exclusive of payment on account of the public debt, amounted to fifty -one millions eighteen thou- i .... i l l ... l .'.... o ' , sand two hundred and tortv-mne dollars. A iv --.i. s ...... , ,,k .,,,,1..., nmeuntiii; to tvn nty -one millions nine bun- dred and forty - two thousand tight hundred and ninety-two dollars; and at the close of the same vear, a corresponding balance auiountin.; to twenty iiiiliions cue li unlred and thirty-seve n thousand nine hundred and ; ciiarged at once, except at the option of public crijdi'.ors, who prefer to retain the Mcuiilies of the lulled States; and the oibt r fact, let b's.s striking, that the annual revviuc troiu ail sources exceeds, by many iiiill'v iis of dollars, the amount lieedtsf tor i prudent and ccoaomrcal adu.inistratioii of Hie (.roverumcn!. - . The estimates pre-entcl to Consr- from' the different Kxccatrve Departtn. iit, at the last session, amounted t Hiirty-eighi million four hundred and six thousand five hundred ' these object-, was embraced ten millions to meet the third article of the treat y bctvtecu the I'nite 1 Slates and Mexico; so thirl in ! cuts a scries of tables, show i tig the operatio uf the lev inue .-ystein for ; several suecc-is i . i . i . i ; y eai s, anu as let; general pi incline oi reuue- lion ot duties wilu a view to rev'ertuv s-l not protcetioii may now be regarded as the set- ' tied policy of the country, I trust that littbj ' uiflicu.ly vviil be encountered in settling the press provi-Mii ot law, requtrnig the records and papers of a public character, of the .-cv. era! office is of tho ov 'eminent, to be left in their oflices ftr :hc use of "heir suc;cssors, nor any pro.i-ion declaring it felony on their f I to make f.il-c enti ies iu the book", or 'etun. false aecovmts. Iu the i bscuce of , su' '' express prov W.'-n by law, the cin?oing ofi-ocr-, itf many instances, have elaimcd tnid exciei-eil the iili6 to take into their owu pos-os-soti, linpoitaM boolis nnd papers, on the ground that tbee wire tbi-r private property ; and have placed ihem beyond tlie leach of the government. Conduct of this character, brought in several instances to the notice of the pre-tt.-i Secretary of tho treasury, naturally awakened his suspicion, and resulted in the disclosure that at four porf s, namely, 1 ego, l ok do, S ind Uskj and Milwaukic, the treasury had, by fal-e entries, been defrauded, within the four vears next preceding; March, Ki:, of the sritm of one above referred to. ,i lit,-obvious. F'rother matcri'il modilicatioiis of the Tevni! laws, which seem to in" desirable. I refer you to the repot t of the Secretary of the Treasury. That report, an 1 the tables whieli accompany it, furnish ample proofs cf th.; solid founda tion ou which th financial security of the c..untiy r"s!s, at"! , f the salutary influenon of the independent trea.'cry system upou to'inncree and all monetary operations. The experietiee of tho !a?t year furnishes ndditional re asons, I regret to say , of a pain ful character, for the recommendation here t '!i;;c made, to provide f. r increasing the military force employ ed in the territory in habited by the Indians. The settlers on the frontier have sitMercd murh from the incur sion of predatory bauds, and large parties of emigtauts to our I'acilie ponessions have beoii massacred vri!i impunity. Tho recur rence of such so, ties can only be prevented by teaching th.-e wild tribes the power of, and their responsibility to, the United State". From the g"rri.ons ot our frontier posts, it is only possible, to detach troops in small bodies; and though tin s,. Lave on all occa sions displayed a galla",ry msd .1 stern de votion to duty, whiehoii a largerh-ld would have couiUKMidod universal admiration, they hav e uuali v suffered severely iu those Con -I , it. fliels wi-h superior number , and have some time been .uti't'y sacrificed. All the dis-po-ai.!., force of the army i already employ ed on thi-service, and is known to be whol ly iiiudvuu.tte to the pr 't"-t; i which should be afforded. I be puMic mind of the coun try has been rceei'My shocked by savage air .cities committed upon defence do- emi grants and border s.-itie'iirios, and hardly le-s by tl.o uun, ees-ary dcs'rueliou of val uable lives, where inadequate detachment of troops have undertaken to furnish the. needed aid. Without increase of the mili- tary force, th scenes will be repeated, it is , "(,,. feared on a l ir -, r scale, and with
North Carolina Whig (Charlotte, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 14, 1854, edition 1
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