fe
MOXt
c firqe fo God, fo ijoqir dcqjrfirij. fo iiour J)."
VOIjITMB q.
THOMAS J. HOLTQN,
Editor & Proprietor.
TKUMS :
The North-Carolina Whig willbeafforded toeub.
Irrihere at TWO DOLLARS in advance; TWO
IX.Li.AK3 AND FIKTY i:KNT8 if payment be
dulnyei fur three months; and THREE LHJI.l.AKS
,t the end of l' year. Nupaper will bo diecnn.
Iinm-d until ill rrrgei are paid, except at the
,l(,tijn 0! the Editor.
Advertieeniente inserted al One Dollar per equare
(16 lines ur leaa, thla ailed type) fur the firal inaer.
lion, and H oenta Tor each continuance. Court ad.
aertieements Bnd KherifPe Halee charged UH per
ernl higher I and a deduction of 33 J per cent, will
e made from Ida regular prieea, for adverliaera by
Hie year. Advertiaenieuls inserted monthly or
quarterly, at II per square for each time, Semi,
monthly 75 cente per square for each lime.
Persona when rending in their advertisement
mut mark the nninber of' inaertiona deaircd or
llirj will be ineerled until forbid and charged ac.
ennlmgly.
rPoalinaalera are a ulhnrited tn ael aa e grille
J.C. WILKINSON' AlIO..
DEALXBS 1M
WATCHES, JEWELRY,
Ml.TEE md PLATED WIRE,
AMD
fio. S.Cranite Kore,oiMiaite the Moaion lloue,
CIIAKLOTTK, N. C.
A'trntinn given leKrpairing Watches A. Jewelry.
Ja 7. I3lf
'"""t7irimEco7""
M IIOIJAl.K A III.TA1I. Ill A I I. It N
IN
BRITISH FRENCH t AFIERICAN
DRY GOODS,
r.iiti'in , ii it, mii,
AND
II AKDU aim:.
t n r!a.
J A Sam.ra. J
t if hi.oii i:, N.
T I.atstti Ainia.
4 nrr lor Trllrr
k Sa nM II atl.
nfarrunre and keroa
fWSIIK tub. end. r
1 conaiantly on I. ml
1 1 . d or Kingworiii, and
ny uthrr akin dia'ae.
out of any kind ol ( lothi
aira to have it lo aell ag
dueed price. The p h
ibla urraona and ta lo
, Koap for Teller, eld
(mhI to waahmiili fur
ll will alo lake aiaiita
ng. If any peraon da.
in, it on be had al a re
ae been tried by rcapon.
be a certain cure. Ttie
S..p r4n be had at lr. K
litug Hlore and from the
CI! AS
;. V. Kouliixti &. Co. 'a
uhrriter.
. T. KliKKHARD.
Mae 31. IHi J.
Hit
ijf.lts: HKiaTs:: iikiis;::
I'rviN !! HtM B ll rniMaai,
Al JMaaeaelureia' I'tirm
AMI I'HII l:
I ,nrh 11? rla per loot.
. 17
.. 23
...Ml
.. SI
... 3
..C
. J
. 'Ja
la- " 4 plT
1 r .AM SS IlKI.TS nianufactnred lo order
at abort nntire.
( O.N.V.r 77 V IHtSt:( .11 aura, for water
nt -Iria ii aauie, ordrltd direl raaa la .We aa-
H'Hrfll
A OO
l t KMa of all Uteenptione at Aft centa
i-r ..ijriu.
J. B. F. 1IOONK.
iatf
.Way SI. l'"iH-
J Hcmoval.
uhaenber ii.foiina hie frienJa and the
Mir.
,.ubl.e. ge,ral!y, that he I.. a rrm.iveu hia
I.. Ihe old atand of MM.re & liyerly, tin.ler
Si.-.1-. t
u. . ii... 'I ixla altr t. where he
.rearrd lo allriid lo al! ordera m bia line. He
hji alill a lew artielte 00 hand au- h aa
Golden Cook, Golden Star. Planter's and
Premium
TOOK STOVI'aS,
nA itrtrty of
PAKI.OK STOVl.
Alao, a g'Kxl aaaortinrnt of
Tin nnil Hollow -ware, Ac.
All of which I will ac II cheap for CASH or l oun
.ry I'roduce.
D. H. BYKRLY.
J.n II. If5H. M
Notice.
9ai)SK. ol my fin n.la who are imlebled to me
I.. N..I- t Aeeoont. will lileaae nharree tliat
I nave reined from Ilia Drun lluliiea, al llna
pl.re, and immrdullt Brlltimrnlm l uifilnltlj) r.
purr a
ItooVa are in the hmida of Mr. J. P. Smith,
bom peraone can call, .luring my abaence,
,nd,"U'f H.M. HUTCH AMD.
(Wenv.Od.SG, 3M
f?Ni:VFin.M. "
rRVIIK uinleraigned having entered into ( opart.
I. neiahip f.r the purpoae of carrying on Ihe
Confectionary, liakcry, Fruit,
AM
Retail Grocery Business,
Il.g leave In eall the attention of the eilitane of,
htrlolle i.nd aurroiin.iing eounlry to Iheir New j
Hiandon Trade Street, between llrein aand hrank. I
etl,l-a. at rspn-.l &- Daniel-e old Hland. where j
lliey would be pleaaed lo aee ell llieir irienue a
MOODY k NISBET.
F,hn,ryQ, IH.'.. H tt
HAWIiSS
History of North-Carolina.
filllK Slid volume ia now published. It em
M. braeea the niMl of Ihe .'roprielary t.nv.
eremenl, from I (!:! lo IIW.
ll forma a handsome tvo. volume of afll pegea.
The auhaeiiplion price was half a cent a p-Ke i
but Ihe price of thie volume te le y 9 "'"
clmh binding. 1 in Library eheep, and l '2-t in
lulfealf. r will. e a..i.n om.v roa t'aM.
I. wing lo the Hitlieulty of reunng Agents in
many parte of Ihn State, we Will lorwald It by
mml or olherwiae ie of prntliic, on receipt ol Ihe
price; or both voliiince lor l cloth, 14 511 sheep,
r j half calf.
A liberal diaeount made to Agenla.or others,
who buy lo eell again.
K.J. HALKA8UN.
Fuyrtttvdlt, Aee. IriiH. J.'ilf-r
smr
JL-r
Piano and Music Store.'
',H b Kubacribcr keepa continually, nn hand
M. I'ianoe made by Kleinway &. Co., Nunn'a dc
:iark and other nukrra. of N bW York. U hirli Urn
al . "7r..." "I Xf: . '?! I"!'':
kainatreet between the K.rb.ng. D.k and the
' SAMUKL GARDINER.
-,IO IS58. . .. ,f
K. L. KERRIHO.N, ntRMAM L. LEIDINO.
k Kit n i so. m:ii)i.c;,
IMI'OKl KR8
Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods,
WiKH.KFAl.K AND liKTAJI..
luaai. ararrr, one poo a raoat iino,
I II lll.lT., S. J,
April SK, IK59. 7-t
( hi Utile 4TJ11t11.il l ii o Iiihtir.
oi.tr Cimipniiy.
UlllS tOMI'ANY certinnra to take riaka a.
aA gamat loaa by fire, on Il4kea, (ouda, Pro
dore, 01 c, al oaual raiea.
I r Oflicc al the Drug More of K. Nye Ilutchi.
aon 6l t.'o.
OtriCEBS.
A. C. STKKLK, J'rrticlmt.
C. OVKKMAN, Vice 1 niukul.
K. : VK IJ U K'H ISUN, cy d- Trtat'r.
IISK TORK.
A. C. STKKLK, J. L. UROWN.
M. B. TAYLOR, 8. T. UHISTUN,
C. 0 KK.M AN. K. SCAUR,
W.M. JOI1NSTUN.
John L. IShown, K. Scaur and 8. T.
Wribton, HvttuUvt CuiutnUfce.
ArUUt,,lbbV. 7 if
300,000 io. 1 Fruit Trees
rote sai.i
WESTDF CCKS & KENDENHALL,
'rnjrunri$ uf the M'rtt Green Xurteriet
at'U l!uiUtt,iitur (iieemljofo, A. C,
lllll I.D very nap. ttuliy rail the atlintion
I ol Hie Cllilelia ol Hie Southern Malea to
th.-ir very large elm k of native and ae. Iiuialcd
t ruit Tr.ea, lor the Kail and Winter Traile.
Thie larre and lundaoine aaaorin.enl Ima been
pr.gateii 110111 Ihtilly healing Ireea, and work
ed up. n the heal ae.uling Iu ka, win. h .a a ante
a ua rait lee of Ir uillullnaa aikd longc t ily , U prom 1 .
nnl eliar-ieli-riet.es in orehar.m.g w in. I, ahould fr0in the memory of men. They arc " vol
ant be overlooked by ,;er.i.. ,. g lo pl-nl or. , lurut ou on
aloek ronaiala of the fotluwilig Ireea :
I Ml (IIHI Aoole ln : .111) IHlll Prarh tr.-ra : 10 .
Mill I'eaf Irera ; I'.'.lsm A.iie..-; I (l.l"HI I Oel r 7 J
I2.0.M. I lum ; Si "ii N.ei..ri.je j D'OU AlimnU j
loon y,ee ; 4i") V ...ea.
Heeiilra a erv fine ai-aoilnunt of ( urranta
8ir.wrK ,r,e..K.;i"r.K.,l..H b,rrw...ie..allof
whirh will be e..l.l un iry rtaonable lernia lor
Ciali or a.ro?ea paper.
All paekag.-e put up in ailperior a-jle.alid a
eomplele liivoiee anil lo eaeh patron, and aoar.
ranged thai Ihe invoice will be the regialer yl ihe
orchard aller the Ire. a aie IranapUnl. .. ll they
are transplanted aa e.eli one ap--ra on the li.l
Mr. T. J. Iloltoii will art aa ag. nl for the fur.
mailing of the ii .-pie of Mer k len burg an.l n-igli.
herit.g e. .anil, a wi'h Ihe above Kruil Tr.ea and
will lake pieaeure in forwarumg oru.ra lor the
Sett r.
Dr. 1!. M. rrittiiard
llNt. lellii- aoHrilnlioeof
Irienda, rtaieellu'lv aim
el.rniinalion lo reauine tin
riirlir-ol !1-tlriii',
vbe conaulied al hiaefnee.
I "The f.r ptearlihed lol without el.arge.
fa(31. ir-.l" 85tf
i hi: i.i i i:n
i A V S 0 R A T 0 il !
mriKin ov i-K . an.
(omponndrd rntirfl) from U h,
js or thk eK-r ei khii'.i a mi i.i i i- ft m
ir.r-a'i'!T a' oY"'' ".i" '".h. ill
Tha J,rr la
I.hrr f on."
i.".ri;?A."; .!i
,",",';,'."".."m-'h'
ll.iillo l.l.io.l U
anil, aaha
St.. k ll.arta. I.e.
i holer
. l.rool. INne-
aa- I M k.olaa f.it lropa-, hf airlii.a
W.'fahM-las.s-al" r. 'in-nSi..a iM ni0--''.
r,.,r ,,. K.l.tanit a Unr. lllll ...
a...l .e l-eea a llll- lull. Tv . "I""
..,hre..a.i.if a I......,..l.i y. a.a ill,i-a '"' l
All Mha nae It eee elloK lliele woaolimi
lealimoov lo Ha fol.
tr- Slit lee l Ihe oioolh aallh Ihe In'
t,alor. aoil .Mollox 1...U. I.Mi III. r.
THT3 LIVEU INVIOORATOR
is a m iiMine Winn i. niao.v i
II.
. I.I.
ikfiiiiii a i
1". JCAHK Si CO.,
Clmrotre, A' C.
A LAHOK Kl'l'l'LY OF
Coistalle AVarrants
JUST IT.INTKD.
PliFiSIDKVPS MI'NAfJP of 11,8 Territories. Kvcn throughout tbclhave taken no much care to protect the ; June, 1908, and was ratified by tho Presi
1 miukjivu x JlUOO.Hllii ,Bte trouMeg iD KtDLs thpro ,, uot vl States RgaiU8t the exercise of this power be-1 dent, by and with the advice and couseutof
Ftllote-cilizntt of the Smalt
our harvest have been unusually plentiful
and prosperitj nilos throughout the land!
LavbVuch reason to bflicvl from'the 'nail
in our history, that we have enjoyed
. . - i . .i . . . r ,
j Pcci' protection of Divine Providence
been ernosed tomanv threatening and alarm.
linadiBieuhU. iuouerrri Ut or. each
.ucccaivo occasion the imrcoding cloud baa
been dissipated at the moment it appeared
ready to burst upon our head, and the dan-
per to our institutions has passed away -
i . . i-
May we crer be'uudcr the divine cuidauec
and nroteetion !
end iloiiMe of RtoreiirnhtlitieB
r... .1 .i l e i. ... , . , ot t be master, Iladiany such attcuitit been Una provision as to have exc uded .1 from Ward, a distincui
.oVbVlAluK made lhejUdioi.r,rld d0UU,es? Lavo;tLe po.ibility of future repeal or amend- duly commissioned as ivoy extraord,
,J -l, -:.,,l J .,..,.... I I eiiuiucu ail tKie'luuie nur. Oliouiu mey , IllCUl, 10 WDICII Otner porilOIlS 01 1110 UOU- nry aim wini-u-i .icmr...-j
ed upon us such varied and numerous bW f -, . . ... X, .he.. ,;.i I Ja i. ..u Ho l,.f. ih Cited States for the place
tngs throughout tbo past year. Iho pencr- . Aeir .,,, fllr. j . . .... ,;.. , . ' ,fl ' ,lia .lunation on the 5th of February, It SO,
WhilM it is tho duty of the PrcMdcnt! bus has the .tatua of a Territory, during
" from time to time to Kive to Conoroas jn. ' intermediate period Iron. it Dra settle
formatioti or the state of the Union," I shall mtnt uuul U sLttl1 a"' State, lecu irrc
not refer ia derail to the recent sad and voca''1 fixed ,lie final decision of the
bloody occurrences at Ilarper'a Kerry, Still, 'Pne Court. For unato ha8 this beeu
it is proper to obaerre that these events, for ,fce prpr,,rity t l,e Territories, aa well
bowetcr bad and cruel in thcii.Helf es, de- " the tranquility of tle States. Now, emi
rie their cbi?f importance from tho appro- t'.raut,i f;0'" ,h,! SorU 8ud llie South, the
heDkion that they are but symptoms of an ' h"-t "Ul1 ,l10 Cft nieot ' the Terrtto
incurable diaeaae in the public miud, which 00 c0"11110" platform, having brought
may break out in still more dangerous out. 'th them that species of property beH adap
rages and terminate at last iu an open war t, d ,D ihtlc OWD r-l"n on, to promote their
by the North to aboliah slavery in the South.' Rclfare- 1'rom riturkl cbum-s, the slavery
Whilat, for myself, I entertain no such ap- ' fI""" ' each ciPe aoon virtually wt
prehension, they oU(;ht to afford a solemn lle ltte,f 5 "uJ Leforo tLo Territory u pre-warnine-lo
us all to beware of the .rmroarh Pared ,or diiilailOU at a State into the Un-
of danger. Our Union i a stake of such
inestimable value as to demand our constant
and watchful vigilance for its presesvation
In this view, let me implore my countrymen,
North and South, to cultivate the ancient
feelings of mutual forbcaraneo and good will
towards each other, and strive to allay the
strife
Meeds
n .
demon spirit of sectional hatred and
now alive in the land. This advice nroceei
t .i.i. .1.. .ii ...m:.
iron, me ucari o. bi. oiu ruunc luneeionary
1 1 1 1 .
whose service commenced 111 the ast cene-
ration, anions the wise and conservative
statesmen of that day, now ucarly all pass
ed away, and whose first and dearest earth
ly wi.-h ia to leave bis country tranquil, pros
perous, united and powerful.
We ought to reflect that in this age, and
especially in this country, there is au incrs
Uant flux and reflux of public opinion. Ques
jtions which in their day assumed
: , -r
i and squalid fcoriio of old eruptions grow the
su-taiui ng corn. fic h, in my opinion, W III
prove to be the fate of the present sectional
excitement, thould those who wisely seek to
i , , -
PP'y remedy, contiiiue a ways to con-
Dtie ineir eTnris wiinin me pnie Ol me on
stitution. It this cour.-e be pursued, the ex
isting agitation ou Mro subject of domestic
slavery, like every thing human, wiil have
its day and give place to other and less
threatening controversies. I'ublic opinion
in this country is all powerful, and when it
reaches a dangerous excess upon any ques
tion, the good sen-c of the people will fur-
nish the corrective and bring it back with-
in safe limits, hull, to hasten this auspi-
cious result, at the present -risi, we ought
remember that every rational creature
jmust be preumed to intend the natural con
...e u,..u.
lings Those who
tirs subversive of
sequences of his own teaching
anuounre abstract doetrinrs
the Constitution and tho Unini, tiiut not 1
surprised should their heated partisans ad
vance one step further, and attempt by vio
lence to carry these doctrines into practical
e ffeet. In this view of the sul ject it ought
never to be fort'otten that, however great
may have been tho political advantage re
sulting irom uie in iou w e.e.y po.nou u.
our common country, inrse woum an prove
to be as nothinc should the time ever arrive
when they cannot be enjoyed without sen-
ousdaneer to the pc.son.l safety of the p,o-
p e 01 litteen menners o, uie coiiieoeraej.
If the peace of the domestic fireside thru'-
out these Mates snouid ever ne invaueu u
tho mothers of families within this extensive
region should not bo able to retire to rest at
night without stiffcrins dreadful apprehen
sions of what may be their own fate and that
of their children before tho morning it
would be vain to recount to such a people
the political benefits which result to litem
from the Union. Self preservation is the
first instinct of nature ; and therefore any
slate of society in which the sword is all the
time suspended over the he-ids of tho peo-
pie, must at last become intolerable, liut 1
indulge in no audi ploomy forebodinos. (In
the contrary, I firmly believe that the events
at llarrrr s terry, hv cauunc the peop
nai.ao an.) reflcet until, the .lOsslhlu Piril to
!i. .:. -i. .: t..,.t u;:il,il. ii.m.i
.....I..e Providence of iillavi'mMhe excitement
and preventing future outbreaks of a simi-
lar character. They will resolve that the
Constitution and the I nion shall not le en
dangercd by rash counsels, knowing ihst
should " the silver cord be loosed or the gol
leu bowl bo broken at the fountain,
humau power coum never renniio me scai-
tered and hostile fragments
I cordially congratulate vou upon the fi
nal settlement by the Supremo Court of the
United States of the question or slavery iu
tho Territories, which had preseuted au as
pect so truly formidable al the commence
ment of in v administration. Tho right has
been established of every cilir.eu lo take his j
properly of any kind, including slaves, into ,
f. ' T.,;,ori... lo.ln..,.in,. ei.in.llv
ion leriiiun" """"fi'S ..........
to all the States of tho Confederacy, and to:
. i.e. i . .i... r...i....i
Neither Uongress nor a tern
maiiifestlv iust iu themselves, and so
calculated to promote peace and harmouy
among tho Stales. It is a sinking proot ot
tha sense of justice which is inherent in our
people, lhat the property in slaves lias nev
er been disturbed to my kuowledge.in any
constitution.
tonal legislature nor any huinan power na - - , j,.,;,,,, ;nst, motions, judiciously co-operated with the ployed ... the nava, serv e,
an, .utbont, to annul or ....pair tli.a vested framca with . , t Congress, I ministers of these powers in all peaceful 'I he appearance of so Ur ea f r.e J.i .1
right. The supreme judicial t, ibunal o .he bey u p om t a OJ ,0 .pur treaty the ju-t con- o, It, such , prompt n ' r, n h
country, which is a co-ordi.iafe brunch ot . express " f . j dav .uc-sarily 1 cessions demanded by the interests of for- distant waters of the I-a I '' al
thornment haas. nesul, is lhat satisfy- mirab, e conductofthe
, any attempt, aa i anicrcuiuiy lniorincd, to
interfere, in a single petauce, with the right
l,V fur.
f ' en aec.ueu mm
e"her MM or tl "toml Jegial.tur.
irl.f:.! i ! i.i .
.rit'Lt t0 property in' (.lave-, the evil would
te
intolerable. In i'.e latter event, there
' ntmhett of t(je M.re at each
would be a struggle; for a majority of tbo
sueccs -
6'Ve Vl0 V"1 M cred of pro-
r"tJ "tld, u : r 'V'. ,"-r' M.oua'.tut.on
: J lor t0 ' f elDf 0I) rej
1 Le P'u10n be rendered
,ne"" the terntorul coudtuon re-
m"ncd. " ".Bueiie. v.ould
Keep alive a danntrius eioitement amoiiL'
the people of the Beeral States.
iou lLis (i"'-'0". ay r 'ber, will
have been foregone conclusion. Mean-
while the acttlan.ei.tef the New Territory
will proceed without serious interruption,
uf " WW nu prosperity will not be
endangered or retardtd by violent political
strti ""les.
U ,lun in the Proeri" of events the iu -
u'to"1-" tlf uj Territory shall have reach-
ed the number re.iuired to form a State,
ed the number rei
. .... . '
thev will then nroeecd in a re.-ular manner
l" 7 . lueu proct i u 1.1 a regular maniic r,
and iu the exercise of the ri-'hts of popular
eavereignty, to form a constitution prepara
tory to admission intj the Union. After
thi been done, to employ the language
01 the rvansas ana ehra-ka act, they
shall be received into the Uniou with or
wilnout hivcryf M their constitution may
prescribe at tho time 0 their admission." master or on those of the native born elavo. j orJL.r i0 carry out the spirit of this uufor'tunuto collisions on that remote fron
This sound principle l as happily been re- ,-)f the evils to the master, the one most to trcaty, and to give it full effect, it becamo tier, the late Secretary of State, on the 17th
M,.;,ml in r.,ro. r oti,r v. . r. o i .
most utjanimous vole of both houses of tho
la.-t Congrns.
Ail lawful moans it my command have
been cinploved, and slull continue to l.
ployed, to execute the lw airainst the Af
lavc-trado. After a most careful and
rignroiis exuminatiou of our coasts and a tho
roiieh inve -tiration of ths anl iept. we have
not been able to disco r that any slaves
have been imported into '.he United States
xerpt the cargo by the Wanderer, number-
ing between three and four hnndred. Those
engaged in this unlawful enterprise have
beet, rigorously prosicut.d ; but not with a
ii.ui.-h success us their criui s have deserved,
A number of them arc :iil under proseeu-
our hl-tory proves that the r.ithers of the
,. ,, advance of ail other nations,
tion.
col(,j.,lulje J tt,e Aft ican ulavt-lra.lc. It was,
idtanilin,.. deemed exneiiicnt bv the
frallltrs 0f the Constitution to deprive Con -
pri..s 0f tho power to proliiliit " the migra-
,;ou or i,p0rttiou of uh persons as uy of
tlC Statam uow uzit i u" fh all tl.iiik proper to
admit" "prior to the war oue thousand i 1 ere the master, intent upon present gain, same t"nc wlUl ,ue Pr",clril treaty. Jjand stating that he had lost no tune in
eight huudrcd and eight." . I extorts from the slave as much labor as his 1 doubt is entertained that they will be rati- j transmitting a copy of tint d letimeut to tho
"h will be seen that this restriction on the physical powers are capable of enduring fied and exchanged by the Chinese govern- j tJovernor-irener:.! of Ihiti-h North Anieri
power of Congress was confiued to such , l;:."'ing that, when death comes to his re- j ment, should this be thought advisable ; but j " all, uinic-t'.y r o.'utuen Ij l '-
ru)y a1li),,lt tlliuk prnt),,r ,0 iniil
the imr.ort.-itijii of slaves. It did not exteud
to ml., r Si .i. s or In ilia trade carried on
Mi,roaj
Accordingly, we titid that to ear
ly as the '-'d March, l.!'4, Congress pa-
rf a gewri, Wlvi alld pun.
-iwuts . uu, ,,, teMcM, oS
. ,Ljs
. , , . f ,,i..,i ,1 ,,inrceil
by the act of the Mth Mi.y. IMhl.
Acain: The States th. m-elvesjhad a clear
.1 to waive the constitutional privilege iu
lelnicd for their belielit, i;,d to prohibit, by
i .
their own law,, this trade at any time they
thought proper previous to 1 j-. SiMral
ot them exercise.! j. 1
' V" . a'.'',?,'i'! e of sl-.e. s This mvfl to
greatest number of sUms. J us gave to
CoiiL-res the immediate power to aei in re-
d to ail such States, because they theiu-
' r . . , i .i i i
" " , lu.
'';, WA . , ' .T !. ' ,'. , . ,,, ,
011 rel.ruary, i.i... to , re ,i ,, , u e
to i-l'ortaiou ot certain persons ,,,, certaiu
mission is prohibit!
In thi
s manlier the
into the Uni-
importation of African
-'d States was, to a great ext.
so""- m advance ol I-l.
ut, pi
rohibited
.1.- 1 sill's nr-nroic bed I onTess
deteri.iiiied not to suffer this trade to " xist
even for a single
power to abolish it
day after they had the:e-"-t this traile, we may uieu i.inuige a
On the -Jd of March, ! reasonable hope for the gradual improve-
le efl' ci
. ... , ...ey "
........ i ,, -.- . .i : ...,:,..( f,i.
can slaves into the I nited States. 1 his was
followed by subsiiiietit acts of a similar
character, to which 1 need not specially re
fer. Such were the principles and such the
practice of our ancestors more than fitly
)'-'" gJ r
iru to mo -iricaii tun-
lr . ,
It tlnl IlOt OCCtir IO inc revireu o..i..o..-
... , , .... .i . ; ...
: w no ii in uccii in
u"" , f .,
and afterwards necame menu
cress, that in passing these laws they had
iiicti nicy un.
tor that dav had arrived.
If this were not tho case, tho framers of
the Constitution had expended much labor
in vain. Had they imagined that Congress
would possess no power to prohibit me irau
either before or after 1 , th
would uot
; lore that period. iNay more, tliey would
not have attached such vast importance
importance to
nie ir l.nllu A otmrnfl.
.i i i i ... . . - .
no mm art.c.o o the uonst.tuuo,, prccri-
bu.g the mod. of lU own future amendment
j may bo made prior to the year one thou-
cL-ut hundred and eiht shall in anv mat.
Dor affect" the provision in the Cotibtitu-
j t.on securing to the states the rtL'ht to ad-
id it the inportatiou of African slaves pre
vious to tlirtt period.
According to the adverse construction,
the elaue itself, on which so much caro
....... . . i " .
nullity from the Winning, and all that has
since beeu done under it a mere usurpation.
It 1 n,l .l.a i.nr., ,.nulri'reinn.rl an miilionce of the emperor lo
on Congress, because, had it been left to the j prtseut bis letter of credeuce. This he did
States, its efficient exercise would have been 1 not obtain, iu consequence of bis very pro
impossible. Iu that event any one Slate per refusal to submit to the humiliating ce
couid have actually continued the trade not remonies required by the etiquette of these
only for itaclf but for all tho other slave
r ei
tales, though never so much against their
will. And why! Becau.se Afiican slaves,
when once brought within the limits of any
!!? ::v:.Llv:r rrz
ua H..vv...y ue,c.uuCu "J
State where slavery exists.
And Avon if al
the States had separately pasned laws pro
hibiting the importation of slaves, these laws
would have failed of effect for want of a na
val force to capture the slavers and to guard
the coasts. Such a force no State can em-
V'i' ln t,,1JC c' peace without the conseut of
j Congress.
I '1 hese acts of Congress, it is believed,
"-" , '""
, uuu"i aeeouipusueu meir purpmt. j. ur
i period of more than half a ceulury there ha
cii no perceptible addition to the number
of our domestic elaves. Paring this period
their advancement in civilization has fur
i .1 . r ,l .- t .1
surpassed that of any other portion ol the
. 1 r
African race. The light and the blessings
of Christianity have been exteuded to them,
and both their moral and physical condition
vatly improved
Ku open the trade, and it would bo diffi
cult to determine whether tho effect would
nl0,, deleterious on the interests of the
be dreaded would be tho introduction of
nl'u. ucainen an', ignoroui naruariaus a-
, mong the sober, ordeny, and q'lict slaves
ho-e ancestors bave beeu on the soil tor
several iN-nerations This nii-'ht tend to
Darbanze, Uemoralize, auu exasperate tne
whole mass, and produce most deplorable
consi ei'iences.
The effect upon the existing slave would,
if possible, be still more "Vpbrible. At
present he is treated with kiudue.e and hu-
mauity. He is well fed, well clothed, and
not overworked. His condition is incoiu -
parably better than that of the coolies which
modern nations of high civilization have em-
ployed as a substitute for African slaves.
llotli the philanthropy and the stll-iuterest
ot the master nave, cotnuiuea to prouu?e
' this humane result, liut let this trade be
reopened, and what will be the result? The
same, to a considerable extent, as on a
'ueighboriu-' island the only spot now on
' earth where the African slave trade is opeu -
ly tolerated : and this in It Dance ot solemn
treaties with a power abundantly at le ut
any moment to enforce their execution.
jcf, his place can be supplied at a price re-
dueed to the lowest point hy the compcti
' tion of rival African sli.vc traders. Should
this ever be the ca-e iu our country which
j I do not deem possibi. the present Useful
i character of the domestic institution, where- !
those too old aud too young to work arc j
nrovided for with care aud humanity, and
those capable of labor are not overtasked,
would undergo an unfortunate change. The
feeling of reciprocal dependence aud attach-
incut which now exists between master and
slave would be converted into mutual dis-
. .. i t.. .:i:.
'rul "u ' "u ' , 3;, ,
wou,( ,,e ,e ..f!
-
; reeneti the slave-trade. This would L'ive the
""a''1-' impuise and exteusion which it has
I - ,
: . ...
: convert lie who e save coaJt into a pertcci
1 I'and. mouiu.ii, for which this country would
- be held respoi,s,hle iu ihe eyes both of (iod
Its petty tribes would then be con-
i ; t,r,,ltorv
-
tJ ""fP'-y -"-ru-au market. All hopes
01 Alneau em. nation woui i mus ne eiueu.
lu the other hand, when a market for Af-
riCHll slaves snail no luilgei ne m.oi.soei. ...
j Cuba, aud thus all the world be closed a-
ment ot Alrie i. J he eniei inouve oi wai
I ainoti'. the tribes will ees-i' whemver there
lis no loti'-er anv deman
1 for slaves. The
resources ot that lertne but miserable c iuti
try niieht then lm developed by the hat. 1 of
industry and atlord subjects tor legitimate
foreign ami domestic commerce. In tnisjexpe
iniiiner Christianity and civilization may
gradually penetrate the existing gloom.
The wisdom of the course pursued by this
Government towards I lima has heen vnuli
eated by the event
Whilst we sustain, i
neutral position iu the war
1 , Ureal!
Ihiiaiu aud I'ranci
a'nst the Chinese cm-
ate ministe
obedience to his
n a bv the respective ministers ot the l lil
ted States, (ireat llrilain, France and Kus
sia. Our "treaty, or gtneral convention of
peace, amity and commerce,"' with that em
pire was eoucluded at Tientsin ou the I th
torv treaties have neen coneiuue. i -in. I- -
the Senate, on uie - iMitii
un me uui iratmun, --
shed citizen of ucorgia,
i :.L .nng nt t III A
who u. .... -
treaty, and arr.red at bh.nghs. on the -th
on the Kith June, but did not arrive iti that
city until tho 27th July.
A nr,n,t In till'
ivu "
........ f il,. .,ieiho rntificatious were to
be eichansed on or before tho ISth of June,
180!. Thia was rendered impossible by rea
eon end events bevond his eotitrol, not ne
cessary to detail ; but still it is due to the
1 Chinese authorities at Shanghai to stato that
, . ,,.
been faithfully 'dcd- 1ekin b
On the arrival of Mr. W ard at 1 ekin ne
.-...s "!'" -ri--- - . . r
; strange people in approacuing mc soiuusu
I Nevertheless the interviews on this question
.ducted in the most friendly spirit
all duo regard to hi. personal feel-
the honor of his country. When a
were rom
jand with
:t ;.: u;1,t;
IF-" " " J; ' a . .. , 1.
imnosML c. the otter Ol crei.euce num
rresident was received with peounar tiouors
te'r and the s'e'eond man in the empire to the
Krnneror himself.- Tho ratifications ef the
treaty were afterwards, 011 the 16th of Au
gust, exchanged iu proper form at Pci-tsang
As the exchange did not take place until af-
... .1 J l. lk. Ie... it i.
ier me o.y prescnue. u, ....
uecniei. proper, . e.u e 0
to submit it to the Senate.
It U but simple justice to the Chinese aa-
thorities to observe, that, throughout toe
whole transaction, they appear to have acted
in good faith and in a fnendly spirit to-
wards tho United-States. It latru.-Jthia baa
; been done after their own peculiar fashion ;
but we ouht to regard with a I. nietit ayi
tho ancient customs of au empire dating
back for thousands of years, so far as this
may be consistent with our own na.ioi.ai
tiouor. 1 tie couiiaci 01 0.1. o.iu,s,t ...... ..v
joccasiou has received mycutirc approbation
-ui,, . nln,l tarn surmlemcntal con-
i ventious the one tor the a.ijusimetii ana
; 9ati.sfaetiou of the claims of our citizens, and
,,e otucr t0 6X tbo tariff on imports aud ex-
1 tj roauUta the transit Hutles auu
,raje cf our merchants with China, litis
I ,my wa3 suti.-factorily performed by our
lu'.e minister. J hose conventions bear (late
i at Shau -bai on the fib, November. 1
' Having been considered in the light cf bind-
!j,ir agreements subsidiary to tho principal
' treaty", and to be carried into execution
' without delay, they do not provide for any
forma! ratification or exchange of ratitica-
j tious by the contracting parties. 1 his was
Lot deemed necessary by the Chinese, who
I are already proceeding iu good faith to ut-
isty the claims oi our uiuacua, me. is o t.-
fd, to carry out the other provisions of the
1 conventions. Still I thought it was proper
I to submit them to the Senate, by which they
! were ratified on the M March, l-o'.l. The
! ratified copies, however, did not reach
'Shanghai until r.tter tne ucpariuu ui eui
; minister to Tekin, and these conventions
could not, therefore, be exchanged at the
Uti ler tne circumstances jueeoieu, n,,..,,
consider them binding engagements fiora
their date ou both parties, and cause them
to be piiMislied as such for the information
aud guidance of our merchants trading with
the Chinese empire.
It affords me much sati-faction to inform
' v.-iu that all our difficulties with the repub-
' jd 0f Paraguay have been satistactorily ad-
justed. It happily did not become necos
sary to employ the force for this purpose
j which Congress had place 1 at my command,
under their joint resolution of 'J I June,
i.-.w .. .1. ..-.ir.rr thA rresi.leiit o
- . X.ito .e,ieii ecl...l
! '0 Jy t0 ',htf ju. 8,,d reasonable d - -
I . J , . l-if,..1
' States. Our comtnis-ioiier arrived at As-
j sumption, the capital of the republic,
., ..in.ir'- i-.v... and left it
j T.T e X,,...' ...;, ; weeks
' , e ami successiuuy hituiuimisik.
I objects of his mission. The treaties which
i u, concluded wiil bo immediately sub-
mitted to tho Senate.
employment cf other
that, peaceable meaus might bt
leeo.ue n-.ees-
... i...:.. .. .,.i.--.nii.-n ' fr.m I'i-'
ta'uay. a strong navai .orct- ' e.uico-
trated in the waters of the La i'i.ta to
await contingencies, whilst our cotiiimssijii-
nded tho rivers ti Assumption.
The Navy Department is entitled to great
credit fer the promptne-s, t-ffioien.-y and
economy with which this expedition was
fitted out and conducted. It con-isted of
nineteen armed vessels,
carrying 'i':' guns and
der the comiuan 1 of tilt
;ret and sin,
."iiltl men. -all i
veteran ail'.
latit
imt rick. The entire expanses ot tho
lion have been defrayed out ot the
.,r.i,.,f.rv imh,. riatiens for the n ival ser
vice, ct'oept the -uin of ?.'"'.. '. ipplied
to tlie pm chase of seven of the steamers,
constituting a part of it, under the author
ay of the naval apprepnatioi. act ot the
March last It is Hclieven mat tR.'se s.e -
mers are worth more man ....ir to
they are all now usefully ami act.v
vor ol our coumry in"1"."""'
mote portion of the world.
Our relations with te great empires of
Trance and Kiissja, as well as with all other
goveintntii'ts on the coutin.nt uf Europe,
unless wo may except that of ?; aiu, happily
continue to be of the moat friendly charac
ter. In my last annual message I presented a
Htatoincnt of the unsatisfactory conditiou of
our relations with Spain ; and I regret to
say that this has not materially improved.
of Without special reference to o'.htr claim,
even the "Cuban claim.H, the payment ot
which has been ably urged by our miniiters,
and iu which more than a hundred of our
citizen! aro directly interested, remain un
satisfied , notwithstanding both their ju-tico
and their amount (81,J's1fi-'l. had been
I ...J . ...:... I l. ,k.
, rccoguise-u iiu
panic1)
government itself.
I aaain recommend that an appropriation
be made " to be paid to the Spanish govern
ment for tho purpose of distribution among
tho claimants iu the AmiMad case.'' Iu
treaty with Spain of the th (.(cloher, 1 ( '.
TLo failuro ,J discharge this obligation has
,1 1. ,,,i;ir .,l,;, ,
'"i ,. i -
a reason again-.! the settlement of our cUiui.
I need not repeat the arguments which
urged in my last annual message in favor of
the acquisition of Cuba by fair purchase.
My ii'iiiiou-i on that measure remain un-
v 1
c
therefore, again invite the se-
t" attention of Ungress to Uis important
''ut reeo.-timon of thia po .
on their part, .1 will be nlmo.-t nnposs, , 0
to reasonable
' Dro-IM -ct of SUeC
' ... ..
Until n recent period there was good rea-
2 t ) an
ion that
Doui.ce to you on the present oeeasi
' difficulties will, (.r.-at Britain,
arising
out of the Clayton and liulwer treaty, had
been finally adjusted in a manner alike hon
orablo and satisfactory to both parties.
From c:iu-ej, however, whiih the lliitisli
, . ,,..;,...,,! ,Le have
aiu fc- - - - - - r '
nrramrements with
tW republic, of llomluras and Nicaragua,
of ie nnl.r,Ul,tru,. .Uec
wnvnu h j,, UuVer.lKU-s.,
couij,.tf cxp. uU.,, ,l,at thi, good won
wil, ,.r(, bc. aecoMipli-l- J .
Wi j. - the hope lint no o.h. r
subject remained which could disturb tho
good understanding between the two coun
tries, tho (rie-tion arising out of the adverno
o( , t,iC ,
d ol
ui),ir hen treafy of
1 -"".lb
cf f (, sulletiiy as-jmod a til
telling prominence. In order to pre
t..in is.-.-. ,llr..
1 a n te 10 .'I r. I ramp-ini-ter
at Wa.hinlou.
ton, then ISritish
cr,imui.io ilin to hitu a copy of the iti.-truc-
,;ob, which he (Mr. Marry) had gi,e
tito i,b .lutv, 10
Elevens, ol Va-hitig
ton Territory , having a sp
s .. aj,(,rehriided confliui between our eiti
-,.,i riti , auhiuuts on th- Isliiel
Gf ;,, JUau." To prevent this. t:ie tover-
nor was instructed " that tho offiecrs of tho
')',.rrtory should ah-tnin from all nets on
the disputed ground which are calculated
to provoke any c -inflicts, so fr as it can be
juliU witl.o.ji implying the conces.iou to tho
authorities of (jre.il Uritain ol an exulu-ivu
right ovi r the remi-is. The title ought to
be settled belore eitiier party should at-
ictnpt to exeiuoe inn ounruy uie-
eu.,e ,.0mpb te and rxlu-ive sovereign
ri.ts w jthin the fairly disputed limits."
( ia acknowledging the r.-c-'.pt on the nest
Jay 0f Jr. M ,rcy's note, the Briti-h n.iuis-
( t,.r expressed his entire concurrence " in tho
. propriety ol the course recommenced 10 iu-,
Governor of Washington Territory by your
(Mr. Marry -j instructions to that officer,"
n), i-.ice.ienoy iu -u im-.-un-j a-, u
him may appear be-t c iieulated to secure,
! 0 the pirt of the l!riti-h loci authorities
j ai.. the inhabitants of the neighborhood of
the line in qu'sti jn, the ex.-rciso of the
same spiii. of tortiear.ince which is inculci-
ted bv'viu (Mr. Marcv) on the authorises
' aI,J cit.z-ns of the United St t-;s.''
Xhus mutters rein lined upm the faith of
this arrangement until the !th of July last,
j wu-n lien Harney paid a visit to the island,
; I0 found up . nit 'J Amric in residents with
I their families, at. I also an esu'ih-lim nt of
fk , ...., . , .lmnitit Mr t ie niirro-d
'r ........ . .i' 4 abort im before his
! arrival' o',e' of these" residents had shot at.
! - , ,,..,,,,,.;,, the comrany, whilst
tre-pas-ii
hoever,
but that
upm bis premi-es, for which,
otf red to pay twice its value ;
.s refuod. So in after the chief
' .,f ,l, en,ra,,v at Victoria. Mr . lal-
in. wii-iu-m. i - ...
... :.. i f 1,., c.io,, l-i l in
I .Umi i the Ifri'i-h sloop ot wtr .tellitc,
and threatened to taKO " this American (Mr.
jCulter) by force to Victoria, to answer for
the tre.-pass he had couitnitted. l no .truor-
lean seized Ins tine ann imn .. I'.ines u
auv urh attempt was made he would k.'l
u.... s u ,u
him on the spot- Ihe attjir then euJeil.
Under these circumstances, the American
settler presented a petition to the General,
' thr.iu.'h the U. S. in-pector of customs,
Mr liuhhs. to place a force up.iu the island
fo protect them from the Indians as we,! as
the oppre-ive int. rlereiice of t..e atirhonties
of the liaison Hay I juipany at.ctona
iln ir ri.-iits as American citiz lis.
inural iiiim. .li-.N'ly responded ti this
..-t.tio
d ordered I apt. Le irge .'. ricn-
ett, !th intaiitry
to f.-!h.i-h t.is company
H .'lev je or aa .lu.n island, on some
suitable p.isitiou near Ihe harbor at the south
eastern x'remity." This order was prompt
ly oheved, and a military po-t was estab
lished at the place designated. The forco
was afterwards increased, so lhat by the last
return the whole number of troop- then on
the isio 1 amounted in the aggregate to '-'l
mr n
Whilst I do not deem it proper on the pre
sent occasion to go further into the suhjet-:,
an 1 discuss the Weight which ought to he at
tached lo the statements of the iriti-h colo
nial authorities, contesting the accuracy of
the information on which tee giilaut Gener
al acted, it was due to lum that I sluuid thus
present his own rea-on lor issuing the order
toCapi Uickelt Uroiu these It i. quite clear
his object was to prevent the linti-h auii.o
rtties en Vancouver i-laud from i ;-x---ri-isii;