" " 1 " " " , , .. m i , v y
- - "CHARACTER IS AS IMPORTANT TO STATES AS IT IS TO .NDinPUALS; AND THE GLOKY OF THE ' STATE , IS THE COMMON PROPERTY CF ITS CITIZENS. ; ' "
X ' ' 1 " ' "" " vt . 1 - .. . , V"'
II. L. HOBBIES, Editor and Proprietor.
FAYETTEVILLE, SATURDAY FEBRUARY 22, 1840.
TERMS.
J3 50 per annum, if paid in advance ; S3 if paid at
the end ot six montns ; or 5J at tne expiration
of the year. Advertisements inserted at the rate
of sixty cents per square, for the first, and thirty
rents for each subsequent insertion.
Court advertisements and Sheriff's sales, will be
i-W-red 25 per cent, hisher than the usual rates.
All advertisements sent for publication should
have the number ot insertions intended marked upon
them, otherwise they will be inserted until forbid,
and charged accordingly.
Imported
tilft &p:cndid J5.ne!ish Race Horse, has been
ud nm-u io, ana will make 1 1 nnsn no. ii.
son at, vvarrenlon race-course in Warren countv.
ityLetters on business connected with this estab- I at 0 the season, and Si to the groom und"
lishment, must be addressed H. L. Holmes, Edi- the management of THOMAS W. RAIJN'kv
tor ot thelNortli-UaroUman, and in all cases post- rcoruary ia, isw. Sl-lt
paid.
NOTICE.
mA AJTT IT fTJ flWCTJ 05 fiLE Justices of the peace for the County of
1U OlLilV IXliU l C4ltO, Ijf8- Cumberland are requested to meet at the
Collft 1 Tl . I W in PaVAKalrilln -- Tt , "fc f I
rnFTl'...t...:i f ... . V . ; '"i w "rai
II ' L ourr nexi, at is o'clock, AT. for the transaction of
gciiuemcn imeresieum we piupuuuon ui uiu puDilC DUSincss. liliJNJ AMIJN ROBINSON
Chinese Mulberry, and in the production of Silk, Chairman
February 14th, 1S40. 51-2t
J. & ZTLS.
AVE Just received a larre assortment of
Anker Bolting Cloths. Which will be sold
April 19, 1339.
From the United Slates Gazette.
Atlieisiaix Ijistif utc Mr. t.
numerous and respectable audience
were assembled on Tuesday evening last at
tne imisical fund Hall, on the occasion of
John 31. Read, Esqs.' lecture on The Early
xnsiory oi America.'
He introduced his subject bv alludinn- to
that want of maritime skill which confined the
voyages of the ancients principally to the nar
row and inland seas; and when venturing in
to the ocean, restrained their discoveries to
those great continents which could be reached
by sailing within sight of laud. And in con
nection with this point, he mentioned the
constant endeavor and object of all travels
and voyages of discovery among the ancients,
viz: mlormation respecting the ceoirraphv.
..,1tU 1 i-r .! i -i .. J
fered to the public, at fifiv cents per tree, warrante ! power ui muiu, ana me Iltlding
tfpnuinp, a id in a eorxi state of preservation. They oi a new, sate, and expeditious route for the
are rinelv branched, l om zwb teei nis-n, aim were commerce between that country and Europe
to pass and repass, bearing to the luxurious
descendants of the hardy robbers who hud
founded the proud mistress of the western
world, the precious stones and effeminate
iabnes originally used by the nations of Asia
T T I -i i i
ne Drieuy considered the several nations
which were connected wilh the commerce of
India, and the various discoveries and ad
diUons to the limited stock of knowledge
spectmg that EI Dorado, which
GIVE NOTICE,
That they have procured an approved Reel from
the North, for the reelin" and making sewing si'k
a'rom the cocoon, and will set the same in operation
in this nluce early in the ensuing summer. The
business is comtrenced for our own accommoda
tion, but we intend buymsr such cocoons as may
be brought to us, nr olse reeling thorn upon shares.
E. L. WLNSLOW,
JAMES liAKEll,
' I. WETMORE.
Executive Committee.
Fayetteviile, Dec. 21, 1839. 43 tf.
MULBERRY .TREES.
rmHF. subscriber eff-rs for sale SOOO Moms
H. Miihicaulis Trees, warranted to be of the jr Mi
nim, st.ii-k. Thev were grown in this vicinity the
I;iT summer, are well rooted, and vary in height
from two to seven feet. They will bd sj;d in lots
in n"it Diirchasers. on accommodating terms, and at
moderate prices.
1 JAMES BAKER.
Fayetteviile, Dec. 21, 1S3S. 43 -tlm.
MOMS MULTICAULIS
Mortis Multicaulis Trees are of-
scheme to the Senate of Genoa, who un-
: i - , , , . , . ' . ' "-" 111 aiucuta. uu ine z-iin of
wisely rejected his proposal, as the mere pro- 1497, fourteen mouths before Columb
VOL. 1.-XO. 52.
us
w " urea.ner: nis next over- neiu tne continent, and two vr hrr th
ture was to the sovereign of Portugal; but a lucky Florentine had been west of tZ Ca- o,- St. -T LfSa' rePort ag"
msnonorable etlort having been made by the naries. Iu 15ol. GasDar Cosf(, ' QT th. f"t' U " UUS a.nd what
ling's counsellors to use his information service of Portugal, ranged the whote Trt har"; lXn 'UC1UUIUS Abolition ha
c.anaestmcy, he left the kingdom in disgust, of ISorth Ameriea for a distant nf finn or Th ,T,U .u J
'V1 -paired to Spam, where he fl- 700 miles, and within seven years of the disl whose 3. .Z7'T'! ..W
uaiij muuceo ween jsaneiia to tavor the ex- coverv of tu0 .u " u-: tt . . ine aoutn
I - . P - I uaumiLj J.tT i 1 XV I It III I M T W rOIO'loal nil I
"t jrk4-l if inn .1 A C . r" .
uiuuu, aiu 10 cause a neei ot tnrco sma
vessels to be fitted out under his comman
with which he set sail from the little nor
Palos on Friday, the 3d of Aueust. 1492.
and on Friday, the 12th of October following,
saw the island of San Salvador, and subse
quently the great islands of Cuba and His
paniola; and leaving a small colony on the
latter, he embarked in January,
tmeut otJSTorth America, on the 24th of June. I Robert ITnmh k; a. r.. i n -.u . .
i jnv f . - ' i ' '" uiuiiuiucv ucuciai. au UlH I W At r .
be- territory between th S.h h.,a "r ?uuin an Lr. r ickney.j That
ih v:;,- ': - COffi"! tee went to work, and made an able
nst the prayer of the petitioners,
vas the effect? Was the voice of
shed? Did their insulting and
petitions cease to pour into this
ere the rights and feeliuo-s of
any more respected? Let. vnnr
journals for the last three vears answer
Session after session are we called upon to
repel their assaults against our domestic
institutions, our homes, and our firesides.
Instead of allaying, as it was alledged would
ry, the whole territory of the ordinal thirteen fi h; ZT . 1F eMOM-
States, was disposed of to two j-econsiderable Whtek Tas 'dy so s nal ?3Td" To'
companies, and one private individual. do so wou3d Le notJ. !Z! il,
ahelecturer now gave a brief history of the ness. Better, far better, to stand firm
citizens, who, in J769, released all
d received from it
100,001) acres in
r irsi, and beiU2 followed ud bv others rosnlt- Wa thua GPA that Kvr iKncA nna.r.UAK4
j . I J 7 I i-v iiui ui llUJCJC UU.ICiiilUiS 111
i tv " - 7 wiuwueui oi anaaa me nrsi in irty years otthe seventeenth centu
ill I frit1Tlfi-nl 1 11 t . I - . .
J weie ivuown io me naray manners their rights to the crown, an
u, ui Ullianv anri rcnrmnnriv I a n . . c
I . j , j . . . v. ijv. i v u i,uiitpcust;,a gram oi
I I " cvui lll JU i It V 1 I (1 111. I.S I Ilf I llltf I
I
and J ova Scotia.
i tie lecturer stated the manner of the dis
covery ot b torida. Ponce de Leon, an aged
cmaicr, oisirous ol engaging in some new
1493. for
Europe, and after a stormy vovaee arrived at and nrontnhl n,- "5 " j. ' "j u7. " .V " M,1.c. UiB Ui l.ue
the port of Palos on vrHaJ ,h ifi.h of k.i;Jr: :r .."u F" circumstances attending the settle-
- - 5 i i u ci ii i lit, it-iii irnn rinn t in tn n i rv- . i a ,
U., nhont c.r, fn:.: V.7 V l"c ,"vr"1 muiviuuai siaie; dui our space
""J"' "VIVU v1 JJlllllllI. UI R (11 inn .llPnvna lhr.ro ,.o n I n.i'l IV II I ; , .
- . ""V j - a i u ui uuipeiiuu us io louow mm into me a&
vumaiu wjose waters were capable ot con- tai s. nor ocpn o rn0 nf v,.
March, 1493, having been
months and eleven days.
v,ra : . , . - . . "
CoiuTnburT, :J?ZiXZZ 17?" y . embarked cent Pennsylvania and Delaware.
. . ' . . ..v. u.ow.- i i uno iico with a sou;
ered terra firma on the
men, and give way cn no nart of tbp rronnt
--- I 3-
11 we once commence retreating, they will
never cease their demands, until thev have
I . I . 1 . ,.
u-i-uiijpusiieu iiieir untiullowed nurDosea.
n . . .. . . "
dui ine JiDoiitionists and their apologists
contend that to refuse sancr rn toe
. i . . ..I ..a. ijk. i i
nneirli'imn . I .. - ... J - '
"UC 1 (XXi.Cl. UI Mill IHint io n .rt.i I . I. .. . . ' 1 . . I n
.u i i f.. . .. 'i " luiauuii vi uiiii. arucie in me uoa-
uie oroaa piauorm ot civil and religious tree- stitution. which nrohir.iti.rnii- frnm
4 yt.a
was seen, a id it received the name of Florida, examples of Calvert and Williams neon!,, w V S S m 1
from the day on- which it was discovered After the trial of .hi! JrZX r !if"?!a"y asse.mble and.to P'tion
and its government was the reward of Ponce, government, anew charter of government Ttt ii "
coupled Will the dancprnns rrrinl it irn thnt Vi I w:i ' t-itti tir .-..mrt ,r iU 1 . ,. . J " J l i ur
i r-i ...... uv - .in- buuLiu ui tii: M i:iit:i ii .isspin.
niinrlrrin ot hron th mo I n 1CBO iv :il. I 1. -J .u f 1
i.( Ar a.,.. i .oo c.x i . ... 1 iw., iimiaui iemi iam me iounaa
UI 1 L I I .7. I lipn 111! -I fI.. . ..... ...... I 1 . " . .1 . -, . -
thus entftllncr him.ir a .ul j- a voyage oi won or me great State ot He
a .......j, "l uciujj uiu i uiscoyery
rsi to set toot on the great southern con- On Easter Sunday, in the year 1512, land dom, imitating and excelling the benevolent
In his last voyage he pushed to the south,
still with the grand object of discovering a
passage into the Indian Ocean, but he was
compelled, by the fury of the elements and
the discontent of his men, to abandon his en
terprise; and after being wrecked on the Is
land of Jamaica, he finally reached the little
port of San Lucaron the 7th November, 15U4.
His different voyages and discoveries occu
pied a little more than twelve years.
In 1513, Vasco Nunez De Balboa
in .
should colonize it; m attempting to effect
which he was wounded by an arrow, and re
turned to Cuba, only to die.
AH the intermediate expeditions to Florida
are sunK m the interest which has been
thrown around the
bly, established in October, 1701, which con
i- are Called upon to pass any law; abridging
- this right? Surely not. The people are ai
tion.
rrown on a poor, s inny sdii, consccjuv
tared. Send your orders soon, aa the
son fr planting eo innencf s about the
rv. Address ul t ayeurvuie,
ly well im
proper sea
lst Ftb.ua-
I l .u - J . i. - T". . ...
1 1 1 r i if 1 1 ill 1 1 1 i.i-i i r . 1 w lit. ri'ni-i.."i ii . . . . . . . . i . r . . ....
-. r -"v- "v-.uii -vuiu- Jioeny io " peaceably assemL e'' t anv limp
, - j
and tO netltinn unnn nnir cnKIint. ti.it ...Vi
I he three lower counties, now forminp- the it is nrfspntt uro. k -,.i u t,i u.
.ate ot JJelaware, were purchased from the hv th rni .r i. ...v.:i i
d. - . l I-. .,... -n ." I - ' ' ' 1 mi. i w lt ill 11 YK 1 1 tl VC
isastrous invasion of Duke if V orlr hv Pnnn in lRfi-? oni k., .u I - ...
Ferdinand De Soto, who. captivated hv the name of . 'TWito-iJ XZ '.r U grnTm'. ftC
Iboa cross- false rp.,na of it. rUM ij ' r.V " j ii " ;i:.r"T r:?. l"c "s aner hearing such state-
ed the Is,hm,s of Darien, and discovered the disciplid cor bva' ouJom7m h f 7nl7o ZZTr. .i"! We,n0t Pared !lh- Jt
' - i - "7 ivw vi Aiuuiiv ccurji (it i is ii rs 1 1 1 . 1 1 ii rnqrnf'iur fi o ivnn m i i t. 4 .r .,n
I V I U 13 1 1 I v 14 CJ 111
rejecting it at once? By way of illustration.
suppose the fanatics of Massachusetts, or
any other Stale, should take it into their
heads to send petitions to the Legislature of
Tennessee, asking them to pass a law autho
rising and eiDDOwerinir our slaves to rut nil
reat Southern Oceau; and in 1519. Ferdi
nand Magellan, a Portuguese, in the service
of Spain, embracing the theory of Columbus,
sailed to the south, passed through the strait
which bears his name, and crossed the Pa
cific; and his companions, after visiting
Borneo and other islands in the Indian Ocean.
three years, across the Mississippi, in whose ted from the Province, and down to the Ame
waters their valiant commander found his rican revolution, wo
Inct tric-;., I T : i . - i - ' 1
"" jjiuu. j-iegisiaiure oi meir own.
A number of other early voyages and dis- In 1600, there was not an English settle-
coveries were mentioned, and in particular ment in !orth Amerira.
me oiscovery by the gallant feir Halter Kaleigh In 16SS, the twelve oldest States" of the
Dec. 21, If 33.
JONATHAN EVANS, Jr.
43 if.
COCOONS WANTED.
THE Fiberiber has ab--v.it tw o th'nisad verv
fi ie MORUS MULTICAULIS TREES yet
f",r sa'e. from 5 t't S i'oet bisrb, o:ic-ha'f of wliich be
is wi li-sir t ' s 1 paytib'e in CooonSjto be de'ivcred
next sunnner; the i t'.er ha'f C.sh.
Pers.ms w is' i:isr to make contracts wi'J p'ease
make tbeir apn Icatio is soon, as the peaso'i i'.r p'.an
ti'ic, acortiins ti his experience, begins rar'v in
Februarv. Si k Worm Ejr-rs frma a very licaitliv
stock of" Worms, can a'so be had
Fayctt.vi'.!c, Dec. 21, JS33.
I. V.'ETAJORF..
-13-tf
J . & J . KYLE
AVE just received by
. North; a large anri sp.
s
0
the Into arrivals Iron the
endid assortment of
(I Cf ff TFfc
.Jniong which arc
Super-tin-? Bhi", Chick, Brown. Olive, Ox ord
mixed, Drab, Green and Wine colored
Clo-hs.
Cassimeres, well assorted.
Sattinets, Kentucky Jeans and Ermincts.
fruper-fme Vesting-
27S pieces 3- &. C-8 merinoes.
315 pieces 3-1 &G-S Muslin de Lane.
1203 pieces Calico, well assorted.
Cambriclis., Jisoneis and Plain JWuslins.
39 bales 3-4, 4-8 & 5-8 Shirting and Sheeting,
Bleached and Brown.
65 pieces Superior Silks, well assorted.
Merino, Cashmere and Blanket Shawls,
Muslin de Lane Shawls and Scarfs,
&,c. &.c. &c.
Comprising one of the largest stocks of Goods ever
"(Trred in this State, all of which beinir bought at the
late sales at the north, will be offered for sale at
REDUCED PRICES,
l)V wholesale or retail.
September 30, 1839. 32-tf
STOP HIM!!!
fluiL. Shsc-ibcr's Horse was slob n last niht. lie
-I was purchased in July, 1338, from Mr. Win
Carman, and is well known a
bout town. He is about 15
bands high, and very compactly
built. He has a small head, with
short ears and line eyes. His neck is slender near
t'ie head, but very deep near the shoulders. He is
U in the chest and e'uth, and short bodied. He
has high hip banes, but his limbs are well formed.
Wis hoo!s are small and all shod. His inane and
tail are rather thin. He is a chesnut sorrel, with
one white hind foot, and a few white spots on the
netk and bac'.s, occasioned by the collar and saddle,
there is also a greyish spot about two inches long
n-J not very distinct, on bis right hind quarter, not
iar from the back bone.
In action, he lifts his feet rather high, trots very
Jast, and has a fine racking pace. He is quite play
bil, and often holds his head down so as to fiive a
beautiful curve to his neck. In a gallop, he blows
hard. He was in very fine order when taken away.
Any information respecting said Horse will be
"laruiully received and ami
'iioscnuer.
iply rewarded by the
d. McNeill turner.
t-ayettevine, . C., Fi b. 8, 1840. 50-tf.
N. B. The individual who is suspected of hav
inZ stolen mv Horse, is a youns man colling him
wit G. W. Kin2, of Lincoln. He is about 5 feet
'?ht. and blu. -j eyes, red face, high cheek bones,
arge mouth, sinjjular voice, broad shoulders, and
?l3 alitlc. He wore a hat with a broad brim.
Z of a dra! color, and I think a frock coat, striped
new red plarl cloak, and in lin rubber
U an o'd saddle, a coo 1 blanket, and
1 :i id'o," v';ic'i h - t-ok from nnolbei peison.
" lavo ox'thangod them ere thia.
as seen hv a wagoner on Mondsv before
The Ho-se had
i- ivitit dooas were very rrsiic'i
Wfts a'so s -en pansing JYliinroc's
u 'a y gune into Moore or Chatham.
D. McN. T.
F ai;il .0 1?
' Ij1,.,
H,
,l;Hi', about 0 md -sfro-n town.
him, nrH
t"-1 I, . TT
re
were sue
cesiveiy made by tnem, either by conquest
or commercr.il enterprise.
I he ancient Europeans appear to have had
lour great channels of communication with
India and tno East: the principal byway of
Egypt and the Arabian Gulf; another by the
Persian Gulf, the Tigris, and the Euphrates,
and by caravans to the shores of the Mediter-raut-an;
another by the Indus, thence by
camels to the Oxus, down the stream of which
they were carried to the Arab and European
seas, and thence distributed, partly by land
carriages and partly by navigable rivers,
through the different countries, bounded on
the one hand by the Caspian and on the oth
er by the Euxitie sea; and lastly, a caravan
route from the frontier of China to the bor
ders of the Euxine and the Mediten anean.
Under the rule of the Romans, the know
ledge oi the countries east of the peninsula of
Hindoslan and ot the isles of the Indian
Uceaa was much extended, and by means of
the great caravan route through the centre of
Asia, some accurate information was obtain
ed by them of a portion of China.
But wilh the gradual decline of 'the Romans,
their commerce also waned, and the rise and
progress of the religion and arms of JVIahom
med, "the great apostle of temperance," en
tirely changed the face of the eastern and Af
rican world; hastened the downfall of the great
Roman empire, which was sinking bv the
weight of its own vices; and gradually ex
cluded all direct trade from Europe with India,
by its usual channels, and made, therefore, the
discovery of a new route to the rich countries
of the East the problem of the day the
solving of w hich w as eminently aided by the
knowledge of the globular form of the earth,
the inventions ot" printing and gunpowder,
and the discovery of the polarity of the mag
net, with the improvements of the astrolabe,
and the wonderful but partially true stories of
Marco lJclo and Mauderville of the immense
extent, populousness, and wealth of India,
Carthage, and the distant island of Apango
all of which tended to excite the strongest
spirit of adventure in the men who were just
emerging from the barbarism of the Middle
Ages, and feeling the refining influence of
learning and civilization, and who retained
much of that chivalrous spirit which had pour
ed the Crusaders of Europe upon the Infidel
possessors of the Holy Land m the eleventh,
twelfth and theirteenth centuries.
The Portuguese, from their vicinity to Af-
i it" i f
rica, were induced to nena tneir wnote lorce
in that direction; their exclusive right to dis
coveries in which, was secured by a papal
bull, and recognized by Spain in the treaty of
1.479: and m I486 they descried the south
ern promontory of that great continent.
At this period appeared Christopher Colum
bus, the Genoese, one of those wonderful
men whose genius and energy stamp their
character upon the age, and, by a single stroke
of thpir intellect, open hid'Jon sources of
tho.ugat and action, which irlluence the for
tunes of the human race in ail after time.
Having arrived, after deep contemplation
and profound reflection, at the absolute con
viction of the possibility of arriving at the
eastern shores of Asia by the direct- route
through the western cr Atlantic Ocean, with
a truly patriotic devotion, he submitted his
rv::: j i:v. t- . .. . it '. - - - ----- -------
followed the course nfihP PHnm,cK tV, i..:" .-. .u j: , r ---" r--V ,w ..M.,uUia, u. luiudm ujr i giTen lime, would it De a
' I : " - - . -vj-ij uiiu vi I jiu tug tvuuic luiiua
Ca
car
pe of Good Hope, and arrived at San Lu- Nantucket by Gosnold, iu 16U2, the' explo-
on the 7th of September, 1522 havincr ration nfthf nnt r t.V.v V
.:i,i i.i-- .1 i r ., . - : -.v... vu
uieuiiu megmuemme space ot inrec Maine to Martha's - Vineyard, in 16
l-nnt-i! i ri . 1 I ...... I . . "...La .1 ' 1 . . . . . J 7
uuu ii,-uiy-eigiii uays.
Thus, in little more than thi
one great nation, denial of the ris-ht of netition not to tm-.w
..jp.is.ug iweuiy-six ciates, mree lernto- and refer them? Amm: supnose the hot-
POLITICAL.
TVf.. nr..4i
inaiuc iu UIU s
Martin Prino-.
rtv vears from TTiilimfn nil aiinmnii! of J,.n;.,oi; i i r.-irAa. v, n,:..
the first vnvairo rsC ,1:. .. . I i ...... , ' . .... I i o j
... ;e,1 ,.uu uL,tIv, gici oeen entirely unsuccessful, and although we
continent w as added to the knowledge of the must pity the fate of the unfortunate colonists
civifized world, and by a practical demon- of llaleiVh at Ro:moke. vet P e:.nnr,t
stration of its truth, the theory of the circular that the final settlement of the North Ameri-
irom and diurnal motion ot the earth was mn m-m-mn ,ii.. ... :i .1
teenth century, when the minds of English
men were insensibly adopting the largest
principles of rational freedom and practical
republicanism.
ries, and vast bodies of unoccupied land, headed Southerners. hHievino- that b
C2, by with a population of at least sixteen millions erable ex-President, who sits across th u-9ff
of souls, liviujr under the freest government was most Pcntn., ,t,.., a i L
O I ' "- ii 11 J llj UVIUUCU ULIU11 11JC & 11 Li
fully sustained and vindicated. '
The conquests of Mexico by Coitez and of
Peru by Pizarro introduced the Spaniards to
a knowledge of the only two nations on the
continent of America which had made advan
ces beyond the first stages of savage life.
They had permanent habitations, established
forms of government and religion, records
and traditions, and were the innocent pos
sessors of unknown wealth in the native gold
and silver, which, in its shape of bullion or
coin, has formed iu all ages and countries a
recognized medium of exchange.
The Spaniards were poor, and sometimes
Of Mr
Representatives, January IS, 1310---O.I the subject
cj .'ioouiion pennons.
Mr. Speaker: Differing as I do from a
portion ol my colleagues upon this subiect. I
The gradual destruction of the feudal pow- feel that it is my duty to state some of the
er of the nobility, and the constant elevation reasons which influence my course. I did
ot the third estate by the spread of the com- hope, sir, that on the exciting and important
1 ti r-f s f i.l.-. ........ . . 1 .1 .. . 1 1 . -
J " oiari y,auu uiai uy niS COUTSe in tills-
House their lives and their property were'
endangered, should ask Congress to enact a
law sending- him to some place of confine-
. 4. I. t r . ,
Speech uicin uie reniainuer 01 a long and eventful
Waiterson, of Tennessee. .--in the House of llte; would not the gentleman himself admit,
tnat tins was an abuse ol the right of peti
non; or, in other words
merce, the extension or the powers of the
House of Commons, and above all by the
daily exercise ot the invaluable right of trial
by jury, gave England a liberiv of thought
question now under consideration, it would
be my good fortune to battle, arm to arm
and shoulder to shoulder, w ith all the Rep
resentatives from the State of Tennessee.
and action unknown to the other kingdoms It is to me a source of deep mortification that
ot Lurope. anv Southern man should hesitate a moment
The reformation aided in
weaken in ff
th
11 ... . l
illiterate, but the value ot precious stones and power of its kings. Queen Elizabeth stayed
metals w as known to all classes, and the the torrent of political and religious liberty,
immediate object of the later voyages was the which, at length breaking down the barriers
accumulation ot riches not by continued la- of tyranny, the work of centuries of ignorance
bor, but by the spoils of conquered infidels,
wnose wealth they regarded as their own.
These circumstances, with their warlike tem
per, gave a character offerocity to their earlier
intercourse with the Indians of America,
which the mild dictates of Christianity could
neither soften nor temper.
Ihe natives ofMex ico and South America
were, however, too numerous to be displaced
by the comparatively feeble colonies ot tepan
and oppression, overwhelmed the throne of
the hypocritical Charles, and for a short time
gave to England the forms of a republic
The colonists of America brought with
them the rights of Englishmen, and such por
tions of the English laws as were adopted to
the wants of a new country.
The practical effect of this principle was to
cast off all the aristocratic and monarchical
features of the English constitution and laws,
iards, and were secured from the wanton op- and to adopt all those which regarded the peo-
preis&ioii 01 meir conquerors, Dy the regula- ple as the constituent body ot the State, and
tions of Charles Fifth in 1542, by which the entitled bv their representatives to the leris-
Indians were reputed freemen, and entitled to fative power of the country.
the privileges of subjects. In 1CC6, a charter was granted to SirTho-
lhe Indians, the Mestizos, the Mulattoes, mas Gates and his associates bv James the
and the lilacks formed a very large proportion First. The associates were divided into two
of the population of Spanish America, and companies. The Virginia or London Com
however liitle political power thev may have nanv was renuired to settle between the 34th
enjoyed prior to its separation from the moth- and 41st degrees of north lattitude, and the
er country, they were too large a portion of Plymouth Company between the 38th aud
its inhabitants to be treated wilh disregard or 45th degrees of north lattitude, but not within
contempt. The early, stern, and unbending one hundred miles of the prior colony." The
policy of" Spain its jealousy of foreigners charter of the Virginia colony was succes
and foreign traffic the censorship of the In- sively altered. In 1609, and 1612, and in
quisition the despotic maxims of its monar- 1619, a General Assembly was called, com
chy the gradual decay of its agriculture, posed of the representatives of boroughs, there
commerce, and manufactures the decline of being then no counties in Virginia, from
literature the neglect of aducation and the which it derived its name of the House of
extinction of its naval and military glory, re- Burgeses. In 1624, the corporation was
tarded and prevented the natural improvement dissolved, and Virginia became a royal gov
of the human mind in the southern parts of this ernment until the period of the Revolution.
continent; and the gradual amalgamation of On the 3d of November, 1620, King James
an its races in the new republics and govern
ments of that hcmisphere,Jhave placed it sev
eral centuries in the rear ' of even the agec
monarchies of Europe.
jvepuuiicanism is tne lruit ot early habits the mainland from sea to sea. lothis terri-
of freedom of thought and action, of educa- tory he affixed the name of New England,
tion, and of the practical enjoyment of equal In 1629, the Plymouth colonists obtained a
rights and equal privileges. These were de- patent from this company under the last chaj-
nied to the Spanish colonist at all periods ter of 1620.
during his connection with Spain, and the In March, 1627, the same company made
natural consequence is, that since he has been a grant to Sir Henry Roswell and others, who
loosed from the leading strings of the mother in 1628 obtained a charter from King Charles,
country, he has been tottering under the un- creating the associates a body politic, by the
accustomed regulation of his own weight. name of "The Governor and Company of the
The lecturer next directed the attention of Massachusetts Bay in N. England." These
his audience to another division of his subiect charters subsisted until 16S4; and iu 1691. a
the discovery aud settlement of the English
provinces of North America. He noticed
the expeditions of Jeha Cabot, a
and his son, Sebastian Cabot, a
Br'istol.'ior whom .it has
granted a new charter to some of the northern
company, by which its limits were extended
in breadth from the 40th to the 4Sih degree,
and in length by all that breadth throughout
new charter was granted by Y itliam and Ma
ry, under which the united colonies of Mas-
Venilian, 1 sachusctts and New Plymouth and other ter
ritories became known as a province, and
contiuued to act underfills charter until after
native ot
been claimed that,
sailing under a patent from King Henry the the Revolution. -
Seventh oi England, they discovered the con-1 In 1630, King Charles granted unto Sir
in regard to the proper disposition of Abo
lition petitions, much less pursue a course
which, in my judgment, is playing into the
hands of those miserable fanatics. The re
solution offered by the gentleman from Lou
isiana, Mr. Chinn, proposing to receive and
refer to a committee all memorials and peti
tions relating to the abolition of slavery in
this District, in the Territories or in the I and ruin where there is now peace and pros
states, concedes every tiling- tne Abolition- perity
that we would not
be bound to receive and consider it? Gentle
men declare if we w ill only recieve and refer
Abolition petitions, it is all they wish; the
House can then put the "broad seal" of
condemnation upon them as soon as they
please. Such declarations resolve themselves
into this: that to refuse to receive and refer
their petitions, is a gross insult; but the mo
ment after reception and reference, we may
commit them Jo the flames, without offence!
Most logical and happy thought, trulv! Bur
I am not willing to trust them. Let us mark
our indignation at the objects they have - in
view, by a prompt and decisive vote at the
threshold. Let us say to them that we have
no power to legislate on the subject; and if
we had, it could not be exercised, without
tearing down the fairest fabric that human'
wisdom ever reared, and snreadino- hnvno
ists are contending for at this time, and I
must be permitted to express my great as
tonishment at the source from which it orig
inated. Coming as he does from one of the
largest slave-holding States in the Union, I
regard the move as extremely unfortunate;
but not more so than the zealous and able
support which it has received from some of
my colleagues and others ol the same politi
cal party, who hail from the South. Sit, are
not the votes of every Abolitionist in the
House recorded upon the iournal in favor of
suspending the rule, for the purpose of adopt
ing it? Did not the distinguished gentieman
from Massachusetts, Mr. Adams, when a
similar proposition was suggested by one of
my colleagues, Mr. UellJ arise in his place
and declare that if teas all he desired? Well
do the Abolitionists know that the goal ol
universal emancipation cannot be reached,
but by degrees that the ramparts of the
Constitution cannot be torn down in a day
nor a week; and that if they can gain a sin
gle point at a time, they may ultimately suc
ceed in eradicating slavery, not in the Dis
trict of Columbia alone, but in the several
States and at the same time sunder the
cords that bind together this glorious Union.
Sir, I would rather these conspirators against
the'perpetuity of this Republic, and the rights
und tranquility 01 us citizens, shuui-j oiaie
about o-rievances, which, it tney exist at an,
cannot affect them, to the end of time, than
to acknowledge by my vote, that I am bound
to receive, refer, aud treat with common re
spect their petitions, which ask me to violate
the Constitution of my country, which I have
solemnly sworn to support. It we are to
have peace upon such terms oniy, 1, lor one,
am against peace. But have we so soon
forgotten the past? Does not every gentle
man upon this floor recollect, that the same
argument was used in ioo, i iavU, w4 mc
reference of these petitions to a committee
that then, as now, it w-as contended, that
such reference would De xne most eueciuai
mode of tranquihzing the punnc mindanil
stayinrr ajl further agitation ot tne subject
on thepart of the Abolitionists? Under this
fielusive bone, such a committee was raiseu,
on the motion of a distinguished gentleman
Mr. Speaker, by refusing to receive these
naf?liinc ( . I . .. -. 1 ..1 . 1
huuuj unci wc iiuvc neurit uieir contents
stated by the introducer, or by laying them-"
on the table without any further action"
upon them, we avoid debate on this distract-'
ing subject. Sir, every debate may kindle
the fires of insurruction in the South. Let
me ask, how can debate be prevented, if we
receive, and refer them to a committee? The
moment that reference is made, a member
rises in his place, holds up a resolution in
his hand, and demands its adoption. What
is it? It is a resolution instructing the com
mittee to report in favor of the prayer of the
Abolitionists. He has the floor; no other
member can get it in order to move the pre
vious question; and he proceeds for hours,
if not days, to plead the cause of these in
cendiaries. Every word he utters, through
the secret agency of the Abolitionists, finds
its way to the ears of the slave population of
the South, and may excite them to rebellion
and massacre. But sir, suppose you succeed
in applying the previous question at the close'
of this speech; cannot another member, and
another, and so on, until the whole number
is exhausted, bring forward resolutions of
the like kind, and in that way keep up an
everlasting debate in this House, and an
everlasting disturbance out of it? This must'
be the inevitable result of receiving and re
ferring such papers to a committee. Unlike
my two colleagues, Messrs. Gentry and
Bell, I can never consent to such a reception
and reference. It must lead to iuterminable
discussion; and discussion here,' I fear, wiir
lead to the most direful consequences.
The gentleman from the city of New York -Mr.
Munroe has declared that the battle of
Abolitionism must be fought at the North.
Must be fought in the North, and by whom,
sir? The political party (Whig) to which he
is attached? If so, I have solemn apprehen
sions that our rights will be in peculiarly bad
keeping! . '
Sir, vere they fighting the battles of the
South, when they were supporting a no tori-"
ons Abolitionist- Mr. Bradiah for Lieuten
ant Governor of New York, when they gave -him
about nineteen thousand votes in-the
city, and near one hundred and fiAy thousand'