'CHARACTER IS as important to states as it is to individuals; and the glory op the state is the common property of its citizens.'
HOLMES & BAYXE, Editors .mid Proprietors.
FAYETTE VILLE, SATURDAY, MARCH 6, 1S41.
Volume 3. Ktimfoer IOG.
THE
T E 12 31 S
NORTH CAROLINIAN.
Per annum, if paid in advance. ft 2 50
Do it' paid at the end ofG months, 3 00
Do if paid at the end of the year, 3 50
Kates of Advertising :
Sixty cents per square, for the first, and thiry cents
for each subsequent insertion.
A liberal deduction will be made to advertisers by
the yar.
Court advertisements and Sheriff's sales, will be
charged 25 per cent, higher than the usual rates.
All advertisements sent for publication should have
the number of insertions intended, marked upon.
thorn, otherwise they will be inserted until forbid,
and charged accordingly.
No paper discontinued until arrearages are paid,
except at the option of the Editor. "
JNo subscription received for less than twelve
months.
ScULetters on business conne cted with this estab
lishment, must be addressed IolmrsScBatsk
n.uuors ot the JSorth-urolinian, and in all cases
post-paid.
JdT Subscribers wisli'nj; to make remittanc
by mail, will reiiv-mbcr lhat they can do so free of
postage, as Posl masters are authorized bv law to
frank lett'-'is enclosing remittances, if written by
themselves, -or the contents known to them.
Iriccs of Job Work:
JIAND BILLS, piinted on a mfdium, royal,
or super royal sheet, for 30 cop es, $2 50
For 50 cop'i'-s, 3 00
And for every additional 100 copies, 00
HORSE BILLS, on a sheit from 12 to 18
inches square , 3't c pies, 3 00
Over 18 inc hes, and not exceeding 30, 5 00
CARDS, large si?e, single-pack, 3 00
And for every additional pa- k, - 1 25
Smaller siziis in proportion.
BLANKS, when printed to order, f r 1 quire, 2 00
And for every additional quite, under 5, 1 00
Kxeeedi ng 5 quires, 75
CIRCULARS, INVITATION TICKETS, and
all kinds of BOOK & JOB PRINTING, executed
cheap for CASH.
Eayetteville
FEMALE SEMINARY.
IE AMNG declined furt er supervision f the
-EM. FEMALE SEMINARY, it m h,,t ir tl.t
I should express to its former patrons and friends
my co-ihucnco, that in llu- hands of Mr. Spencer, it
will be conducted with ability and faithfulness, on
the general plan heretolore pursued. Mr. Spencer
as a teacher, is laborious, accurate ami prrsevi riii"-.
It. W. BAILEY.
THE Subscriber will open the Seminary on the
15th of October next, and Ikims bv "ivinrr
his ent.ro and exclusive attention to the business
aided in each department by competent, efficient
FEMALE TEACHERS to merit the patronage
beret. .fore bestowed. In regard to the plan he in
tends to pursue, he h;is only" to say, at present, that
he is DETERMINED to siive a course of instruc
tion in each department as THOUOUH as possible.
The Academic year will be thesame as before; com
mencing o;i the 15th October, and closing on the
15th July, and divided into two sessions. Pupils
charged from time cf entrance to close oi session,
and no deduction made for absence, except in cases
of sickir ss.
TfJS.TJS In Advance.
Elementary Department, or Se
cond Class,
Fir-t CI ass,
French Landing",
Dr i w inir and P;'itinir,
Music on the Piano Forte
companies, by the Voice,
Music on Guitar,
Use of Piano,
Incidentals,
August I, 1840.
S3 00 per session
16 00
10 (0 "
10 00 "
ac-
25 00 "
25 00 "
3 OO "
50 "
G. SPENCER.
75-
MOUNTAIN BUTTER.
JJJ) Firkins (assorted.) Some
verv superior, at prices from
5 to 1. cents per pound !
for sale by GEO. McNEILL.
Nov. 21, 18 30.
THE FOLLOWING
BLANKS!
Kept constantly on hand
M. mi
AND FOR SALE AT THE
CHECKS, on Bank o( the State, and Cape
Fear Bank.
PROSECU I ION BOND., Supr. Ct.
MARRIAGE LICENSES
VEND1 EXl'O., constab'es levy
COMMI8SKJN.S ti take depositions in equi
ty, and Supr. court
A P V E A R A N C E UO N D 3
WRITS, Sup lior and Co. Ct.
OA. SA. Supr. ;r.
INDICTMENTS lor AIT ay, and Assault
and Battery, Co. and Sup. Ct.
CER HFICATi', Clk. Co.Ct.
JURY TKJKETS
ORDERS to i.vi r-oi-rs of Roads
BASTARDY IV NDS
TAX RKCMP'l'S
WITNESS Tit i; ETS
EJECT MEN IS
PA I ROL NOT! ES
LETTERS of A I MINISTRATION Bonds
Deeds, common,
Sheriff's Deeds,
Constables Ca. Sa. Bonds,
Do Delivery do
Appeal Bonds,
Equity Subpoenas,
Superior Court Fi. Fa.
County Court Sci. Fa, to re
vive judgment.
County Court Subpcnas,
Superior Court Wai-rr.nts,
Bonds for Col'rd. Apprentices.
New Tailoring Establishment,
STOVES & STOVE-PIPE
f HE SubiCi-ibcr has on hand, and tiers for sa'e,
TO DEMOCRATIC EDITORS.
Any gentleman of the Democratic Repub- j
lican party, who is competent and willing to
sustain the great principles for which that par-
ty is contending, may have an opportunity of;
possessing himself of the establishment of
The .VorA Carolina Standard.
The office is well found in materials, and
has a list of about 2000 subscribers, supposed
to be as good, as to pay, as those of any es
tablishment in the State. he job work and
advertising are respectable.
T. o avoid the necessity of any correspon
dence on the subject, except such as may
amount to aa acceptance of the terms, they
are herewith published.
U. he. materials and List will be sold for
$3000 ; two-thirds of which must be paid in
cash, and a Bond, wilh approved securities,
at 12 months for the remaining third, with in
terest from date. The purchaser to make up
the papers to those who have paid in advance,
the number of which is small. .
If the purchaser desires to have-the ac
counts due the office, with the establishment,
they will be sold at a large discount and on
accommodating terms.
Other views and prospects, with the almost
absolute necessity of being absent a greater
.part of the ensuing summer, have induced me
to make tins offer.
ISTo arrangement will be entered into with
any person, who may not be supposed accep
table to our republican friends, whose gener
ous confidence and support I have for nearly
five years' enjoyed, and which cenfideuce 1
will never betray, m any shape whatever.
If the sale is not consummated by the mid
dle of April next, I shall continue in the es
tablishment. T. LORlNCr.
Raleigh, Jan. 26th 1S41.
Saturday, Feb. 31, 1841.
Political.
th
13
largest.
be-
r-tate,
assortment ol XIOVL-S ever
f;i-(r r lF ri! in lli
consisting ot Uox-fetovrp,
fcix. fc;-en ami j.ine flut
ed Stoves, B:ilin, Bakinjj
and Cooking Stoves, of the
most a;j:ovod patterns,
Ciiu c't frt.jvcs, suitable
f?S-fjS for Churc'u!, Court and
'choo! tlous-s, Manufac
"J'.rrirdrS t ! es &: assorted, from
.-: - . ::2 IS to 3G inches in length.
.r.-r-;s--ii3 A LSO, Tipe and Fire
Plac Franklin, an assortment of Stove-Pipe
and Elbows, toueth'-r wit" n lars;e and very General
assortment of J PANNED and PLAIN TIN
war.- at. WHOLESALE and RET All-, all of
which he will sell on the best terms.
ttZJTIe still eo' ti iu -s to manufacture evei v nr
i .i -n nni'n ri-i v .i cuee i' iirkVT
icie in uifi ijV.il l tjii, Ji i- anu ouijij i iuuh
ware line, at tlie snortesi lun'ee.
JAA1ES MART1NE.
Fayettevdle, Nov. 27, 1310. l)-2-3in
TRUST SALE.
BY Virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to m
by John Calvin, for the purposes therein men
tioned. 1 will on foaturtlay autn march next at the
sidenc.c of f aid Colvin, expose at public sale, fir
cjsIi, the following' property, viz . One Negro man.
One Woman, and 1 hre Children.
JOHN McNEILL, Trustee.
Feb. 15, 1311. 104-4t
I
TnYcc Vlntnori
in Boxes, halves and quarter,
Bunch
all
Rais
the crowth
TCUFT-Y
1840
Also, 1 OO TIERCES TIIOMASTON
IjIIE, for sule to-day bv
WILLIAM
Feb. 13, 1841.
SPEECH OF MR. SHEPARD.
House ojURepreseniatives, February 4, 1841
In Committee of the Whole on the state
of the Union, on the Treasury JS'ote
bill.
Mr Bernard, of New York, proposed to
make a loan of $10,000,000.
Mr btanly, of North Carolina, offered an
amendment to lay a dutv of 10 per cent., ad
valorem, on silks, 20 per cent, on wines, and
2U per cent, on linens.
Mr Shepard addressed the committee as
follows:
Mr Chairman: I am reluctant to continue
this discussion ; but honorable gentlemen
have advanced doctrines which I consider of
a dangerous tendency, and I cannot forbear
to express my own opinion. Since the com
mercial revulsion of 1837, the income of this
Government has not been equal to its expen
diture. In the years of plenty, the surplus
revenue was divided among the States; and
now, in the day of comparative famine, no
willingness is manifested to curtail expenses,
but a proposition is made to increase the bur
dens of the people. The member from
Maine (Mr Evans has asked, ' in what
branch of the public service can reduction be
made?" I shall not set up for a political
puritan; but I point to the unnecessary length
of our sessions, to the disgraceful amount of
contingencies, the enormous increase in the
cost of collecting the revenue; and I believe
that a faithful examination would unfold much
more that requires the knife and the caustic
Economy, however, should not approach
stinginess; for this would ultimately prove
the grossest extravagance: let worth and
talent be well rewarded; and if sinecures be
abolished, salaries reduced in proportion to
the service rendered, and no expenses incur
red for the special benefit of individuals or
sections, I iudulge the hope that, after the
1 f . 1 .1- ! I . 1
revival oi iraae, ine revenue win ub uuipijr
sufficient for all the wants of Government.
Gentlemen have poured forth cataracts of elo-
ouence on the subiect of corruption; but they
pn- in lavinsr th'e whole blame on either ot the
t nnrtips- it is immaterial who is the
President, or what faction has the ascenden
cy; it mucn money ue piaucu uuut v,vi
McINTYRE.
103-tf
Notice.
T1
LAFAYETTE HOTEL.
Favettcville, North Carolina.
IIIIS ESTABLISHMENT will be open after
the 1st of August, under the management
and direction of the Subscriber.- 1 lie House has
been thoroughly repaired, and will, in a lew days,
be well furnished; and every effort will be made to
render it worth' of patronage.
JiJJWAUU lAUUliUUUll.
.Ti'Ziist 3, 1839. 23-tf
trJTho Augusta Chronicle (weekly,) Raleigh
Reiter and Standard, W lhiunnton Advertiser,
Greensboroujih Patriot, Salisbury Watchman, and
Cheraw Gazette will insert the above three months
and forward their accounts to the subscriber.
E. V.
rijHE Magistrates of Cumberland County ar
HL not'-fieri to attend at the Court House on
Thursday of March Court next, at 12 o'clock, M.,
for the purpose ot enabling the Ccunty to carry into
ope alien, " An Act, for ihe establishment and b' t
ter regulation of Common Schools," passed at the
last Session of the Legis a:ure. '
By o d r of the Cha-rman,
JOHN McLAURIN, Jr.. Clerk.
Cumberland Ccunty. Feb. 15, 1341. 104-2t
trol of politicians, there is reason to fear that
it wiH be used to advance the schemes of
party, and to promote the interest of cunning
leaders. It is wise, therefore, to save our
rulers from temptation; it is just to let the
people hold their own property, and to take
the smallest portion of their earnings that the
public service will admit.
I am opposed to the levy of new taxes, un
til an honest etlort be made to economize,
aud I will not consent that three articles shall
be selected at the present time for the partial
legislation of Congress. A new President
will shortlv be in office ; those who have as-
to those classes, on whose industry the exper
iment is made.
But, sir, let us leave theory, and take a
more practical view of the subject. In 1839
the exports of the United States were valued
at 8103,533.891 of which $63,43U,S4;
went to England, and $1G,553,667 to
France; in that year cotton was shipped to
the amount of S61,23S,9S2, of which $46,-
137,365 went to great Britain, and $13,323
242 to France $9,832,943 of tobacco was
exported; of which $5,362,331 went to Eng
land, and $901,950 to France $2,460,193
of rice was shipped $6SS,S00 of naval
stores; of which $501,5S4 went to England.
It thus appears that cotton, tobacco, rice, and
naval stores, constitute more than two thirds
of the exports of the country, ($74,220,923,)
and that England and France are the great
markets to which these productions are carried.
Indiau corn and timber would swell this sum
considerably; they are left out of the calcula
tion, because they are not exclusively the pro
duct of six or seven States which raise the
great amount above mentioned. The imports
of the same year amounted to .$162,092,132;
of which $71,600,351 came from England,
and $33,284,119 from France, consisting
principally 'of the manufactures of wool, cot
ton, iron, linen, silk, &c. These facts prove
that an immense trade exists between the
countries, founded on the mutual wants of
the people and the variety of their industry
a trade that would keep pace wan tne in
crease of population, and the growing de
mands of civilized life, if not disturbed by
political quackery. England requires ihe
ft 0 W
raw material, but her climate forbids the cul
tare. America needs the produce of British
workmanship, but she cannot struggle wilh
matured skill, vast capital, and low wages
Such ties bind together the nations of the
earth. The gifts of Providence are widely
distributed, perhaps to show man that his rea
interest and substantial comfort are promoted
by peace and harmony.
If, lor any purpose, a tax is laid on iron
and woollen, so that the foreign manufacture
is driven out of the market, or its consump
tion diminished, the foreigner will take less
of cotton, tobacco, naval stores, or other do
mestic articles, which were exchauged for his
own. The revenue of this country is princi
pally derived from duties on the manufac
tures of Great Britain: her cotton goods, her
woollen cloth, her iron, her glass, and her
sugar, have been the great objects of attack
they have sustained the burden of the 1' ederal
Government, though this very England con
sumes nearly two-thirds of our domestic pro
ductions. In aiming a blow at the foreigner,
you strike one of your own citizens; the tax
collected 13 paid by the consumer, but the et-
fect reaches the producer, and all interested
in his prosperity. This producer is the agri
culturist of the Southern States the cotton
B.
D. KEELYN, &. Co. respectfully inform the
... i- r :n i: -
Clt.zens oi r ayeiioviiie, anu inc surrouriuing
country, tli.it they have commenced the lailorin
Business, in the store lately occupied as a Jewelrv
Shop, by Air Ceusly, near Liberty Poinr, where they
are prepared to execute all work in their line, in the
best and most la-hionat)le manner, and upon rea
sonable term.
Feb. 25, 1S4I. 103-3 mo
For Sale-
f-jBcing desirous of embaiking in an
other busines?, I now offer the establishment
of the Wilmington Adveutiseii for sale
I do not know of a more eligible situation
for nersons desirous of embarking in the
printing business,
Carolina.
Terms accomodating. Application post
paid.
b. C. HILL.
Wilmington, N. C. 96-tf.
than Wilmington, North
NOTICE.
IMPORTED
rFIHE late firm of Nolt & Starr beins dissolved
JSL by the dath of Air William Nolt of said firm
Notice is hereby given bv the Subscriber, as Surviv
ing Partner, to all person? having claims against
eaid (inn, to present, them for payment; and to a!
persons ind .bted t- th'-in, whoc notes and accounts
are due, that immediate payment is required, as tlie
business of tha firm must now be clnsfu according to
Law. JOHN D.STARK,
102-tf Surviving Partner
IPllsitttteiier "president hotel
Will make the
Favetteville, under
ensumr season
in
the management of the
subscriber. Terms, ft3 0 the season, to commence
1st of March, and end 10th of July 1841. Breeders
vho have patronised him two seasons will be allow
ed a deduction twenty per cent., and of ten per
cent, for one season. A deduction of twenty per
cent, will also be made to classes ot six mares.
Mares failing to Flatterer in the spring-, will be per
mitted to attend him in the fall (if d . -sired) gratis
or in the following spring for half piice.
-PEDIGREE.
FLATTERER was got by Mui et, (sire of imp.
Leviathan &lc. his dam Clare, by Marmion g. d.
Harpalice by Gohanna g. g. d. Amazon by Driver
g. g. g. d. Fractious by Mercury Woodpecker
mare Everlasting by Eclipse Hycena by Snap
Miss Belsea by Regulus Davtlett's Childeis
Honey wood's Arabian Mr Bowe's Byerly Turk
marc, the dam of the two true Blue?. &.C. &.c.
Extended Pedigree and other particulars in hand-
- bills.
Mares from a distance will have good pastu-age
rati?. and be. well fed for thirty cents per day.
Every care will be taken to avoid, but no liability
will be assumed for. accidents.
JOHN BLACK.
Fayetteville, Feb'y. 2, IS4I. JJ2-tf.
o. 112 Broadway, Xew York.
rjpiIIS Splendid Establishment is now open
and ready to receive those who may te p eas
fid to favnr it with their national. 1 he Mouse is
n excellent order, the furniture new and tlegant
The ladies' parlours are furnished in a style not sur
uassed bv anv in the Lnion. 1 lie cellars are wei
stocked with the bst of wines and liquors. Th
larder will be constant! v supplied wiih every deli
cacy the markets can afford.
One of the proprietors, has been long, and h
trusts, favorably know n, as a Hotel Keeper : in
other; as a Captain of Steam Boats, to Charleston
Pscw Orleans, Galveston, &.c.
T. B. REDMOND,
JAMES PENNOYER.
Proprietors.
New York, February 1 1841. I03-3mo
LIME.
60
Feb.
Casks Thomastown Lime, for sale
GEO. McNEILL.
12;147. 103-tf
J. & J. KYLE
HAVE just received by the last
arrivals from the North, a large and
splendid assortment of
STArLE V FANCY CiOOJJS.
.'Jmoiisr tchich are
Cloths, Cassimeres, Sottinets, Kentucky Janes,
Flannels, Blankets, French and English Merinoes'
Challeys, nnd Mou?dins d'Lams, (tome of which
are very fine) Irish Linens, Lawns, and Diap"is,
Calicoes, Swiss and othr Muslins, Silks and Sat-
i:is, Black and Blue Black Bombazines, Anker
Bolt ing Cloths, &c, &c, with many other articles;
All of which being bought at the lowest package
price is ofTered at REDUCED PRICES, by whole
sale or retail. 104-tf
NEW GOODS.
WILLIAM McINTYRE
MAS just received and offer for sale, Superior
Black, Invisible Green & Blue Cloths ; Bea
ver fiioi Glottis : uoutue-iviiiru lr d et L,vcn
ihe system of injustice and yet gentlemen
seem anxious to comj Jete their work, ana
make it utterly hideous, w If more revenue be
absolutely necessary, it is-at least decent lhat
Southern agriculture should not tear the whole
burden; and I will direct the attention of
honorable members to a few objects that have
escaped notice.
Shoes and leather are taxed, for the special
comfort of tanners aud boot-makers of Lynn,
in Massachusetts; but raw-hides and skins
come in tree, lo tne amount oi ?, io,
they are imported from Mexico and South
America, in exchange for those manufactures
which the Government has so bountifully
protected from Euiopean competition. . Dyes
to the amount of $5S6,450, mahogany $ou-,-
826, barilla $150,637, also are admitted free.
of duty: they are used by the manufactories;
.i ii . i . r . .
tney come principally irom aoiuu America, in
exchange for the work of the favorite. Coffee
valued at 99,744,103, is free: it comes from
Brazil and Cuba; the former is a great mark
et for the products of Northern labor; and the
only productions of the latter which are taxed
heavily in this country are sugar, which, the
creole of Louisiana w ishes to furnish at a high
price, and spirits, which our rulers fear might
enrich the people from a delicious beverage,
called " Yankee Ram." Teas, amounting
to 82,424,594, are also free,- they come from
China, in exchange for snecie and cotton
manufactures. In 1839, there was exported
8350.538 of fish to Cuba, Hayti, and South
America; $60G455 of oil to the same and the.
Hanso Towns; $2,975,34)1 of cotton goods
to South America, priucipally: $178,142 of
spermaceti candles to jhesame region; $361
840 of furniture to 5 Cuba, Sec; $453,471 of
soap and candles lo South America; $134,
5SS of iron and nails to Cuba, &c.; $748,S62
of mnaufactures to South America and Cuba,
&c. &c; and $197,162 of gunpowder to
Mexico and South America. Nutmegs, pep
per, cocoa, to a considerable amount, come
in free from , Holland and South America.
Without going farther into the detail, it will
be seen that many other articles, besides
wine, $itk, and linens, are admitted free of
duty; but they are essential to the factories, or
come jn return for the products of manufactur
ing labor; and this may be u good reason to
continue the bounty. More than two-thirds
of the imports from England are taxed, and
one-4hird of those from France, whilst the
merchandise from other countries is admitted
on- more favorable terms or entire free; the
commerce in which the agricultural States
of r the South art most deeply interested is
shackled and embarrassed, whilst that which
is carried on by the industry of other sections
is placed on the most liberal footing. And
this is done by a Government established for
tne whole Union! Sir, I will not ask the gen
tleman from Pennsylvania (Mr Biecken-
bridge) to tell his constituents that good poli-
Skin , Snttinnttts, Kentucky Jenn?, Strong Twill'd
Keyseymerc?, Flannels, Vesting, Blankets, Blanket-Coats;
French Merinoes &. Circassians ; Cali
cocp, Muslins, Mouslin D'Lains; Shawls; Plush,
Musk-Rat & Seal-Skin Caps; Wool & Russia
Fur Hats ; Boots & Shoes ; Hoods & Florence
Braid Bonnets.
GROCERIES.
Teas, Loaf-Surar, Wines & Liquors, Cheese ;
Raisins, half & quarter Boxes, "White Figs in Boxes;
Windov-G!as, Putty & White Lead.
Hardware & Cutlery.
Carpenters & Jllaclsmith's Tools ; Collins,
Cards, ccc.
91-ls6t
& Co's. Axes, and "Whettmor's
Faycttevilk, Dec. 12, 1S40,
Strayed or Stolen
from the subscriber, a sorrel norsc
of ordinary size, blaze face, crest fal
len, his two hind f et white, the right
one swollen by a snag being- stuck
into it. He is also dim sighted. His gate is a sla.w
rack, a good deal broken." He has the marly of the
harness, and is about 9 years old. Any person that
will deliver said horse to the subci iber at Long
Creek B icJg, will be amply rewarded. Said horse
was missing a!out
bell on his neek.
Feb. 1S41.
the 6th inst,
i i M
ana nan a smaii
S. H. BELL.
lt)6--3t
U. S. Bank Stock, left off in
on Saturday, at 23 lower than
In Philadelphia, at 25 1-2 a 26.
!New York,
ever before.
Honor Declined. The friends of Mr
Van Burea, in Philadelphia, have tendered a
dinner to him as he passes through the city
after the 4th of March. Mr Van Buren de
clines the honor of the dinner, but says he
will remain in the city long enough to take
his friends bv the hand.
stimed all the wisdom and virtue of the land
will have the reins of government, and they
should bear its responsibilities. At the next
session, the whole system of taxation must be
revised, and there is no necessity for antici
pating the deliberations of our successors ; let
timely warniug be given to all the great in
terests of the country; let the public mind be
drawn to this important snbject in all its rela
tions, and I hope that the questiou will be
settled on a basis satisfactory to all, and op
oppressive to none.
A tax on imports is easy of collection, and
borne without murmur by the mass, because
its subtle operation is not perceived, though it
is not the less powerful in its effect, or less
liable to abuse, and should be watched with
lealousv. The consumer oavs the auty : ana
if the article be limited in quantity, or of in
dispensable necessity, this would be the end
of the matter, and one man would not have
more right to complain than another. But
where the consumption depends on the price,
the import has a much wider bearing. If
cloth and molasses be cheap, more of these
comforts will be used than when dear; a duty
of 30 percent, ad valerem on the former, and
of 5 cents on the latter, must diminish impor
tation, or keep out of the country much that
would otherwise enter. The foreigner is not
the only person who would be injured by this
result. His merchandise comes here in ex
change for our productions the trader of the
city is a mere agent of the industrious clas
ses ; he buys the corn, co'.ton, the tobacco,
the naval stores, ihe manufactures of domes
tic labor, and gives them for the products of
other climes and other people. All com
merce is resolvable into the great principle of
exchange; if the country sells nothing, it can
buy nothing; if it exports nothing, it can im
port nothing; and that which comes here in
the shape of foreign goods is only another
form of our own property, and is as much
American industry as the grass of our fields
or the cloth of our factories. Any distinction
between them is fallacious and unjust.
If a tax, therefore, on foreign merchandise
diminish its consumption, domestic produce,
which is exchanged for that merchandise, is
indirectly affected. If we buy less of the
foreigner, he is compelled to buy less of us;
if we cease to take that which he can give,
the market for the products of our own labor
is lessened in like proportion. The exact
degree to whici ihe producer is injured by the
customs cannot be estimafed with certainty;
for trade, when driven from one path, will
generally find another; but, as the natural
course of things i3 the most profitable, any
law which obstructs the free interchange of
commodities, and aims at the establishment
of an artificial system, must be burdensome
grower, the tobacco planter, and the getter of Cy and fair dealing forbid such legislation: it
iiavai stores, me raiser oi luaian corn is ai- might be considered rude, as they doubtless
so concerned; for his market is among the think it just to tax the whole world for their
planters, devoted to other products; and every own benefit. But I was grieved and as-
citizen of those States, whatever may be his tounded to hear the honorable member from
occupation, is benefited by maintaining the South Carolina, (Mr Thompson;) he hasvol-
value of the staples which give strength Un tee red to lay a burden on those whom he
and wealth to the Southern community. represents, and he will be spattered with praise
If this reasoning be sound, the Federal for his magnanimity; but, sir, it is a vir-
Government indirectly taxes the industry of tue that he has no right to practise, until he is
a few States. This will brine no '"complaint nrpnarml tn rlefmv thn
... , . ' , , - ,1 I 1 J '
from me, whilst the burden is reasonable, and
the money is used for wise and constitutional
purposes. But taxation should be equal. All
receive protection from the Government; and
all enjoy its inestimable blessings. A tax is
levied on the agriculturist, though his proper-
Tho excuse for
taxing
wines, silks, and
The gen-
linens, is, that they are luxuries
tleman from Georgia (Mr Nisbct) talked of
me ricu am u ruling in nis carriage ami Haunt
ing in silk. Such language yave me pain.
It may bliud the people of Georgia? but it
w - - n
ty requires no more vigilance than that of cannot exalt the reputation of the gentleman
other citizens; and why should the domestic
manufacturer escape? Is he a better man,
or a braver soldier? Does he' contribute
more to the wealth of the country? Is he
more liberal in his means or. policy? And
yet he is the favorite of the: Government liv
ing without taxation, possessing the home
market by warring against foreign aiticles,
and, as I will proceed. to show, having the
advantage of free trade with foreign States.
By the " compromise act " of 1833, silks
and linens were admitted free of duty. This
was done, contrary to the wishes of the plan
ter, for the benefit of the manufacturer: he did
not produce silk and linen goods, and insis
ted that the whole tax should be laid on iron,
cotton, woollens, and other necessaries ot
life, because, in these things, he was a rival
to the foreiguer. The consequence is, that
the trade between France aud he United
States has greatly increased. In 1830, the
silks imported were valued at $5,774,010; in
1835, they went up to $16,247,782; in 1839,
to $21,350,669. The whole exportation of
cotton to France has also increased; amount
ing, in 1832, to little more than $7,500,000,
and now to $13,323,142. Here is a power
ful argument in favor of free trade. Restric
tion is the malaria of commerce: its fetid
A tax on the rich will not benefit the poor: the
nne laciy win use silk, though its price be in
creased; but a heavy duty will debar the less
wealthy from such apparel. But this cry pro
ceeds from a source that honest men will dis
trust; it comes from those who established uv.d
fastened on the country the restrictive system.
Mr Clay was the author of the act of 1825;
and Mr Webster was the champion of the law
of 1S2S. By the former, a tax of 33 1-3 per
cent.; ad valorem, was placed on woollens,
3 3-4 cents per squat e on cotton bagging, 3
cents per pound on cables and other iron, 5
cents per pound on nails, 30 per cent., ad
valorem on scythes, spades, knives, shovels;
by the latter, the duty on woollens was in
creased to 45 per cent., ad valorem, an addi
tional tax of 10 per cent., al valorem was put
on axes, drawing-knives, adzes, 10 cents per
gallon on molasses, and, by this or the act of
1832, 10 cents per bushel on salt, and 2 1-2
ceuts on brown sugar. These things were
done to benefit the manufacturer of Lowell,
the ironmonger of Pittsburg, the hemp grower
in lVentucky, and the sugar planter of .Louis
iana. The poor were taxed for their blank
ets, for the ordinary comforts of life, for the
utensils which gain their livelihood, and the
rights of all were tramoled undsr font tn rrmti-
breath deadens enterprise, aud when it passes fv ambition and cuniditv. Th hnrP momnrv
away, every thing springs into life and activi- ef such acts must fill every sound heart with
ty. What was intended to be a gratuity to indignation. The authors will find it difficult
the manufacturer has become useful to the
cotton planter. France consumes nearly a
fourth of the crop; she is steadily improving
in skill and means, and may become a rival
market to England for the great staple. But
if a duty be imposed on linens and silks, this
to assume the guardianship of the poor; for
professions w ill not save them from suspicion.
But, sir I am willing to lay the greatest bur
den on luxuries; and, to test the sincerity of "
gentlemen, I ask them to lower the tax on
necessaries; let the rich pay well for silks,
fair prospect may be seriously darkened; wise Hnens, and wines, and permit coarse woollens
rulers win uesuaie ueiure u:ey ia&e a step ot
such importance without urgent necessity.
Glance your eye, sir, over the list of im
portations. Ypu will find that heavy du
ties are imposed on nearly all the articles
which come here in exchange for cotton, to
bacco, &c, except worsteds, wines, and
these two, which are now selected for taxa
salt, molasses, and iron, to come in without
any duty. "Will our opponents agree to this
proposition? Will they do any thing that is
really beneficial to the poorer classes? No,
sir, no; the cry about luxuries is a mere plea
for getting money to squander on election
eering projects. If, however, gentlemen pre-
tion. This Snhe only redeeming feature in for another principle, let an ad valorem duty
J