JEWISH LEGEND.
An emperor, who had little or no religion,
Vailed together thejetvs of his court, of whom
'there were many, and stated bin determination
"that they should all come into the presence of
liis people, and prove whether Judaism or
chiistiauity were the best religion: if me for
mer were shown to be the best, the christians
Were to be slain r if the latter, the jews were
to be destroyed. Mo sooner "did the jews
hear this than they fatted, pot on sac kcloth,
aud entreated one of the chief rabbis to pre
vail on the king to alter his intention. As,
tiowever, he was inflexible, tho rabbi, whose
'name was Eliezer, asked if he would give
him ten days time, and allow him to pay a
visit to the court every day. To this the king
acceded. Accoidiugly, Eliezer came to see
Hho emperor the next day: but he looked very
tnuch dejected and grieved, which the king
'observing, inquired the cause. To this Elie
zer answered, Before I left, some strangers
'called, who insisted I should mottle some af
Vairs for them which I know to be out of my
power, aud ou my begging thern not to trouble
me, they departed." Should they return to
molest you," said the emperor, "let me know.'
And Eliezer, having offered his thanks, re
tired. The following day, Eliezer said to one
of his servants, " Take a cane in your hand
and give rne twenty stripes over my face,
neck, and fhouldets." At his the servant
was astouished, and refused thus to punish so
good a master j but at length, as the command
could not be evaded, he obeyed, and the blood
trickled down the rabbi's body, who imme
diately had bis wounds dressed, aud in this
Vvofd plight returned to the palace. As soon
as he entered, the king inquired what had be
fallen him? "The two brothers I have named
before," said Eliezer, "returned aud wished
rne to arbitrate between them ; I told them 1
would do so fur as lay in my power; antl ask
ed them what they wished rne to do. They
inquired if. I were not a judge of diamonds;
I told them I was. One of the brothers iheu
said, We have a kind father; he has given
me a most beautiful and valuable diamond,
and miue is the best.' 4 No,' rejoiued the
other, 'ihe one that our father has bestowed on
me is superior to yours ; and this, O rabbi, is
the nffuir we wauted you'to settle.' On hear
ing this, I desired them to produce the diam
onds, promising them to decide fairly : but
they replied that their father was living in a
distant country, that the diamonds were in
his possession, aud that ihey were not to re
ceive them until a certain time. Astonished
at their demanding my opinion under such
circumstances, I remonstrated with them,
when, to riiy great surprise, they violently as
saulted rne and gave me these wounds.' No
sooner had the rabbi made this statemeut,
than Hie emperor and his nobles appeared
exceedingly exasperated; and so enraged was
the king ibat he was about to swear that the
two brothers should die for their cruelty and
folly ; but Eliezer prevented him. What !"
exclaimed the emperor, "shall two such wret
ches live ? He who acts thus is worthy of
death I 7 " Mop, U king," replied Eliezer ;
"thou thou ait the man! Hast thod not is
sued a decree as to the two religions God lias
given to the world? Hat thou uot threatened
death to those who do uot decide between
them? And who can tell which is best Until
the end of time ?" British Magazine.
From the Albany Arffns.
THE TRUTH IS OUTAT LAST.
Cassius M. Clay's advent to this state on
the eve of the last presidential coutest, is well
recollected, and all the incidents and specula
tions which grew out of it at the time. Every
thing however in relation to the origin of his
mission has Until now rested on conjecture.
Our readers will remerribtfrj that during Mr
Clay's pilgrimage, we were honored with a
special bulletin from him, for having stated
the general impression and belief on some of
these points, and particularly for repeating a
remark attributed to Gen. Granger, at Syra
cuse, iu explanation of Mr C.'s n.t meetiug
Mr C err it Smith's challenge to a public dispu
tation which was that Mr Clay could not
command his owu time, as he was, while in
this state, under the orders or direction of the
whig state ceutral committee. Mr C. M.
Clay's letter, published iu the Tribune, and
dated Oct. 21, contained the following distinct
allegations :
"1st. It is false that I pressed fas is alleg
ed) Mr Genit Smith to refuse meeting me in
debate at my appoiutment at Utica."
"2nd. It is false that tho Albany Clay
Club or Committee have any control (as is
alleged in the Argus) over my movements."
"3rd. It is false that I am under pay for my
services."
"4th. It is false and calumnious that 1 am
here ol tho suggestion of Mr Henry Clay, or
of any oilier man. I only am responsible
for myself." C. M. CLAY'.
This was whilst Mr Cassius was on friend
ly personal and political lorms with Mr Clay
and Ihe whigs aud was intended to absolve
(Mr Clay aud the whigs of all connivance in,
or connection with his mission to this state.
Rut the relations then subsisting between
these parties have now become somewhat
varied and perhaps the participation of Mr
11. Clay's son in the affair of tho suppression
of tho True American, has had some iufluence
iu opening Mr Cassius budget. Rut, what
ever the rause may be, Cassius uow says iu
his True American :
'l went by tho advice of one of the central
committee lor the whigs of Kentucky by a
special invitation trom about fifiu whit clubs
C II.. TV,,,-. l,u lU.. . . . . r.
vj ..-. iuu lequesi uetore ana alter
my depaiture of four hundred and sixty com
mittee men, representing club, counties and
conveulioin-by the irresistible persuasion of
fifty patriotic whig women of Ohio and last
of all by the tacit approval of the leader of Ihe
whig parly, Henry Clay. The day before. I
left Lexington, 1 called upon Mr Clay and
told him the purpose of iny mission ; that it
was thought by our friends that I could have
au influence, from my peculiar position with
Ihe anti-slavery, anti-Texan voters of the free
States, which no other man could, and that I
was willing to go if 1 could aid the whig cause.
Mr Clay said nothing but nodded his head
teith an approving smile, and after some era
important conversation, he offered me letters
of introduction, which 1 declined as unnecessary.
Prom the Natchez Free Trader.
THE ORIGIN OF THE PRAIRIES.
In a late passage through the prairia country
we were at some pains in searching for geolog
ical facts by which to account for the forma
tion of these vast level plains and their desti
tution of timber. The result has satisfied
us that thev were once covered with water,
either as the bottoms of lakes, ruuuiug streams,
or in the same nanner ot me evergiaues 01
Florida. The upper stratum is looe sand or
dark loam, such as forms the bottom of lakes
aud rivers or contiguous marshes ; the next
is sand, clay and pebbles of large size, bear
in r evidence of having been rolled about by
ihe action oi water, ami deposited in their
present position by the same ogericy. Large
uumbers of fossil shell?, "of fresh water forma
tion, are lound in every directiouand stratum.
Besides these, large erratic blocks of granite,
sometimes many leet in ciicumterence and
many tons in weight, and other transported
? -1 J It
Iragmeut are to be met wnn scauereo over an
the prairies; andi on the southern chorus of
the lakes, wherever the superficial sand aud
gravel hafrfe been removed from the rocky
strata, straight parallel turrows appear plough
ed in their smooth suiface, running in a gen
eral southern direction, and always preserving
iheir parallelism. The only rational mode of
accounting for the appearance of these trans
ported fragments as no formations of a sim
ilar nature exist south of the great lakes, ap
pears to us to be through the agency of water
and ice. During the submergence of these
vast fields when the lakes must have -disembogued
themselves through the Gulf of Mex
ico, these huue bouldeis were caught up by
the ice, firmly imbedded iu it, and driven off
by the uoithern blast or streams into a more
southern climate, and when the ice melied
iu spring where they now are found. This
is to us the only means of accounting for
their nppcarauce, as wbll as parallel furrows
in the rbeks on ihe southern shores of the
lakes. By what agency this state of affairs
was changed, whether by the upheaving of the
prairies from the action of in'ernal fiiej or
their gradual filling up by the aiinual deposi
tion of the loose delritUs washed down by the
stream br deposited fibril the melting ice, it
is Useless to speculate. But as the whole of
the alluvial lauds of the valley of the Missis
sippi are of comparatively recent formation,
it is not improbable that the waters of the
great lakes washed the bases of the hills on
both sides of the Mississippi, and that the
whole intei veiling space, now so fertile and
fruitful, was iheu a dark rolling stream of
liquified mud. To Us it appears that thd
whole west it the rifchest field for the geologist
iu the world, aud none more so than thoc
portions of the country lying betwbetl the
lakes and the Ohio.
A lono Stitch. -Some time aboiit the
1st of July last, a lady of Springfield, Mass.
68 years of age, accidently introduced a fine
sewing needle into her hand, which was
broken off, leaving about half its length be-I
tween the thumb and fore-finger, in a ditec- 1
tion towards the middle or palm of the leftHaiid. J
A nhvsician was requested to extract it: but I
a there wis so tittle naiti or lnconvenibtlce I
ari.inrr frnm ii hfe advised to let it remain,
rather than cut atnonff the tendons lor it. in
k mm-' mm - "
a very few days all trouble and apprehension
wern over iu recartl to it : about the last ol
" . - . I
September, she felt some pain in the right side
of the abdomen aud JUst above tne nip, wnicn
. ,,- irii
she conceived to bb a spasm aud
bejia n
rubbiiii: it with her hand, when directly the
needle came forth dnd was extracted. The
broken point was about 7-8 ot an inch in
length, and its fttle' p'lih had suffered but
little from corrosion. Ihe course which the
needle took in making this circuitous journey
is
entirely unknown to her. The distance
it travelled in about tttteb months could not be
much less than foltt feel, its nedrest codrse ;
but for ouht known might have wandered
twice that distance before it anncared ai that
poiut from which it was extracted. iV. Y.
True Suit.
From the official returns ofthe Militia of
Florida, it appears that the nsgregate unrobe r
of officers and men exceed twelve thousand.
A feaulsiiion has also been made upon the
General Government lot arms lor 9UU cavalry,
500 riflemen, and 1000 mfantiy, aud six
1
ABBE BRIGALIER, lived during the
reiirn of Louis XIII. The superstitions of
his time are displayed by some passages iu
his life. He was alrttouer to Mademoiselle
de Montauban, and srient 90,000 crowns to
become an adept in the magic art, without
accomplihin his end. Beiug with tbe
court at Comptegne, n lady Who had purchased
apiece of red silk, instead of green, begged
the Abbe to change it to the color she wished,
Rather than lose his reputation OS a magician,
lirigalter bought a piece ot green silk and gave
it to the lady, who was astonished at hn sue
cess, and forthwith circulated the tale. JJy
various tricks of legerdemain, ho maintained
his credit as a sorcerer, so that the archbishop
of Paris gravely commanded htm to dcsi-t
from his unhallowed occupaiious.
nosTON Arro i exas. a meeting oi ine
citizeus of Massachusetts without distinction
of nartv was held in Faucuil Hall ou tbe
evening of November 4th, for tbe purpose of
devising means to resist the admission of
Texas into the Union as a slave State. Some
of the papers say it was an immense gather
ing oihers that it was a verv msmnificant
" -. i-..- .l j :(T
Olie. Opillling II1B uilll'icuce, may itrgniu
the meeting to bavo been half way between
iinuinnso and iusisnificaut fair. The meet-
ww
ing resolved, in the nnme of God, of Christ,
and of Humanity," to protest against me au
mission as a slave State." The abolition
uroUnd of opposition aooears to have been
the onlv one taken bv the meeting. JV. Y.
Trite Sun. , -
A SHOCKING. BAD CHARACTER. A yOUUg
woman, brought before the Boston police,
alleged, iu defence of her respectability, that
she was acquainted with " all the lawyers in
New York." She was rnsfantry committed
for six months.
brass six poutiders,-for the use ofthe voluu- On the right of the observer, near the western tai oi oneuces against the military law bc-
leer companies already orgauited aud to be horizon, is Venus, known by its sparkling wg a court mar. i;il (consist mg of a number
organized Hi the State. lustre. Here 'we' have all ihe planets of the of officers, from o to 13 in the U. States;) ap-
.vnSm thai arfe ordlndrilv visible m th onns- pointed by some superior officer. The pro-
TM3B ' KOuWiHl CA1EU)1L11JII1ABI
THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE
fs of a rather important character, both politi
cally and commercially." Another defeat ol
the French in Algiers, the activity iu the
English dock yards, the spread of the new;
German reformation, the full confirmation 'of
a failure in the European Potato crop, ihe ap-
pieheusiou of famine hi Ireland, the rumored
uipture between the Duke of Wellington and
Sir Robert Peel, the iuWeaSe of railroad
Kpeculatfon in England, the raising of the
rata of interest hv the Bauk of Ensland. ihe
continued depression of the cotton market' 1
rffnt nn intrtinr accumulation of njtrt- 1
iculars and exhibit a general aspect of affairs
Which is auv thin but satisfactory.
j ho new and uuexpecieo leaiure 01 this
intelligence is the imputed quarrel between
the Duke of Wellington mtfl Sir Robert Peel.
It is a very probable event. The Duke en
tertains ultira notions as relates to the protec-
- r t :..lt...n T .1 . rl
I inn of Ell dish agriculture. Sir Robert Peel,
rnmnelled. from circumstances, to become
the apostle of commercial progress, must see
. i I t .' . 1
nrcsetit absolute necessiiv oi relaxation in tne l
rinnnr n( tlm mm kiwi. This is at i.roopni
ihe absorbing domestic question in England,
Ir nuestioiiable whether Sir Robert Peel can
ihfi irAvpmment in the facn tf ihi
VIII T mm m mm v m. - - - - - -
' . . ti - - I
disruption Without new allies. J ne Duke's
kM-Min k I nAniiUrllU Wast Irk kim Tl rmmt 0 (
strength. If the Premier maintains his nosi-
lion, in this peculiarity of his situation, it
must bebv a netV corhbldation of parties and
anotner fusion ot political elements. An in-
corporation must follow of moderate Whigs
and Conservatives a union of the interests
, . .... . . . . . I
dependent on manufactures and commerce,
agaiust those r.f Toryism and the ciass.pro-
tected body of agriculturalists.
1 here is no visible diminution iu the "en-
eral healthiness of trade. The depression iu
the cotton market would be the natural result,
independently of other circumstances, of the
intense excitehient and large absorption of
funds by the railroad feverj which will run its
course; the febrile symbtoms hourly aggravat- I
ed, and assuming the type of commercial I
contagion, until exhaustion succeeds to ex-1
citement. I
Ihe activity in the' English dock-yards is J
. i
to be expected, in the present critical state of
hetOregon question, as preparedness, vigor
and determination are the only reliable aux- I
liarics of diplomdcy by Europeau govern- I
ments. I
uninflammable I imber. l ne Quebec
Gazet'.e publishes a correspondence relative
to a plan for depriving timber of its luflam- I
mable properties. Tho itiverition appears to
be of much irtipbrUnce. The first letter is J
trom Liord Stanley; a member ot the British
W W Z a H..1 a I
w"u R '"3 impuiwiicB.ui
empldying this inveuttou to the rebuilding oH
those poitions ot wueuec wnicn nave
been
destroyed by the late calamitous fires
1 ne
second letter is from W. Burnett, Director
General of the Medical Department of the
Wavy, who states that the composition leu-
ders wood, canvass, and even the finest mus-
lin incapable of receiving or sustaining flame,
and thus either a ship or a house, construct-
ed of mater lata sO impregnated, i made in-
cnoable ot being bUrnt by hre." Ihe liiilish
'
governmenx nave oraereci inai an me duik-
neads and magazines ol snips ol war, incotnei
lit J . . . II
uuikneaus oeiowj ana aiso tne timuer oi an
kinds used iu ihe vitiuity of the Hres in war
. i. l :.u . L. . i...:
steamers, siiau ue prepareu w iui me mjmjuoii
in question.
The Plan art System. Four of the
plauets (there are 11 of iherri in all) are now
visible in tbe heavens, to wit: Jupiter, Mars,
Saturn, aud Venus. The earth is tho obser
vatory from which they are seen. Mercury
j aud Herschel might be seen, if the firs! was
uot So Hear to, aud the last so far from the
sun, as to be Invisible to human optics. Ihe
four asteroids are so small that they can be
seen only with the aid of a telescope. So all
the planets that are ever visible (without a
telescope) to the inhabitants ol the earth, may
now be seen at one view. Jdst sf.itid lacing
the south,- about 6 o'clock in-the evening, and
upon youf lettj near the eastern horizon; is
I Jupiter; before bun Jyjars, remarkable lor the
redness of iis light ; a yard or two to ihe right
oi mars, is oaiurn, a paie oro, oistinguisn-
I . em - - . .
able trom tne stars by Us motionless light.
sisted vision. AH the reit of the gtmering
luminaries are suns, and doribtlesS the cfe'n-
ires of systems as large, as gloriods, tis diver-
sihed as our own.- jyorjouc uerata.
I In one judicial district in Pennsylvania,
I uuder the Bankrupt law passed by the Whig
I Congress of 1841-42, over one hundred and
I ftenty muttons of dollars of debt teas repn-
dialed yet some of the same bankrupts live
I in tine houses aud " late sumptuously every
I day.
MORils of Cincinnatti. JJurtnir the
I vmr endinv 31st Oct. last. 873 niinnor had
been ?n confinement at the jail of Hamilton
count,- ia Cincinnati. Of these 39 have
been s6nt fo the Stale prison, 61 to the County
Chain Gang, and 3 iti tbe dungeons. Es-
r.aM.rl tt iNr h.irrrorl 7S. Orihi.wni .im.
j
ber committed, 599 were native born, 274
foreijincfs, and 74 were females: 41 were
confiued for debt, 790 were of intemperate
habits. The chain gang had earned &2153 50,
at the rato of 50 cents per day
Moral ot Ntir Haven. At ih lafe
il . r .i. i. c- : f . mt
I leim in 010 oujivi iui voun filling ai iewi
Haven, fof ftfat couuty, no less than thirteen
d i vorces wefe granted.
In the Leg?stature of Tennessee, resolu1-
tions bave been introduced instructing their
senate and requesting their representatives to
vote against any bill to charter a National
I Bank ; against any bill to distribute the pro
ceeds of tbe sales ofthe public lands among
tbe States ; against any bill for the assumption
of tbe State debts ; to vote for auy bill for the
modification ofthe tariff; for (fie reception of
the Constitution of the State of Texas ; and
for tbe extension of the laws of rtfe U. States
over the Territory of Oregon.
, iv -j --
'Messaoe or Gov. Slade. We have be
fore us tho Message of this functionary, and
it U such a document as would have disgrac
ed the most ignorant and blinded bigot of the
dark ages. The New York News says :
One of those solemu judges that pronounced
Judgment upon the- Salem witches, was an
enlightened philosopher, compared with this
epitome of whigery. One of his strongest
recommendations is to enhance the punish-
ment for the crime " of usury, or lending
muuey at its market value. He then falls
uPon Texas saVagclyi and says Veimont must
' resist Its consummation." After hinting
hat it was carried through Congress by cor
ruptiou, he proceeds : - x
. vu ou uvi. cameu uy sutu means,
nave ineeneci in tnis tree country, ot con
cluding and silencing opposition to an un-
cousunimated measure? Let the spun of
free, intelligent, and unsubdued Vermont
answer
He next fires up about the matter between
Massachusetts and South Carolina, and
.1- 1 Z. U I .U. . 1 ....II nnl lf
huuks it iciy u.nu mat mo ooum wn uw
the fanatics of the North come aud cut their
throats. His ferocious exceileucy ihreateus
nullification for this. He then " pitches in-
to" the free trade uot ions of the Honorable
. I r a I a t
me secretary oi iue xreasury.
t 1 he mere statement of this doctrine is
sufficient to show that it strikes a fatal blow
at the principle of protect iouj because that
rate ot duty can obviously lumisn no staoie
. - i - i l J i--.- t ;..
proiecnou, which is muue io uepeou, um
the degree of piotection it will furni-h, but on
the arhoUnt of revenue it will yield siuce it
is well known that a rate of duty on a given
article, which will yield little or no protection,
may be tbe very rate which will yield the most
revenue. lhere is hot a protected interest
in the country that cati stand a single year,
uuder the application of iuch a principle as
this.
But the great crime of the Secretary is as
follows:
"Nor is this the onlV aspect of danger.
The Secretary of the Treasury; whose purpose
td destroy the protection afforded by the Tariff
of 1842 is not attempted to be concealed, is
-
erigaged in an unprecedented work of col
lecting, without the authority' of Congress,
aud by replies to certain questions propounded
to rriatiufacturers and others, to be answered
without oath or cross examination iu forma
tidn. to enable him to carrv his destructive
work into execution."
I he whole message is disorganizing, in
cutcaliug tbsistaiit'e to the laws, infraction of
the Constitution, opposition to individuals a
distillation of all the dogmas of the vilest
despots of past ages. JiUIt. Republican.
e have read o the f-AU et IJria and its
deadly effect Upon vegetable Hs well as nni-
nial life; but, until we perused the recent re
port of that highly intelligent body, the French
Academy ol Sciences, We knew ub't that the
proximity of tne walnut tree was injurious
both to animal aud vegetable existence. One
of the members stated as the result of repeated
experiments, thai if a man remain long near
the tree, he becomes affected w iiH the Headache
i ml nausea; lhat H grain tie sown beneath
its branches, it h much less productive than
if equally close to a tree of another kind: He
attributes this to the peculiar emanation from
the tree. '. Com. Jidv.
MARTIAL LAW.
The law martial ariplies to Soidiers In ac
tual service, and, in Ir.n"laiid as well as in the
U. States, is founded upon particular statutes.
Chief-justice Hale, in his History of the Com
mon Law, chapter ii, says, it is a body of
rules, and a jurisdiction rather indulged by
the law thriii constituting a" part of it. But
it do'ejt itdf appear why it is noi a part of the
law ofthe land, as much as the jaw merchant
or any other brani-h of law. , It is true it ap
plies only to persons iu actual military ser-
i i .
vice, ano oniy 10 ineir conduct in sucn ser
vice; but so the maritime law applies only
to nersous engaged in maritime trade, and
has reference ohly to acts done, or O'bh'ga
lions arising, in that trade. The jurisdiction
Uuder the law rriartial is in a distinct tribunal,
and the irio'de of proceeding is different from
that which prevails iu the common law and
in equity jurisdiction ; the tribuual for hc
ceedings are conducted, not by attorneys, but
by an orncer caueu a judge arlvocale, who by
the act of ihe Congress of the U. States pas
sed April 10, 1S06, is so far to ' consider
himself as counsel for the prisoner, after the
prisoner shall have made, his plea, as to ob
ject to any leading question to any of the
witnesses, or any question to the prisoner, the
answer to which might make him criminate
himself." The several States of the Union
have also a law martial, consisting ofthe
statutes relating to their militia, directing tbe
manner of constituting courts-martial, and
specifying the offences of which these courts
shall have jurisdiction, and assigning the
kirrd tfnd limiting the degrees of punishment.
i . .. . . - . . . .
f mnnary cone,, ana aiso a special inuuuar
or lhe lr,al of 'ffence3 cfgaiirsf lis provisions,
are absolutely necessary foY the government
and regulation of an army. s?Dce the offences
to which such a code relates, are quite difter-
enl lrom inoso cognizable by the common
,a and are such lhat the ordinary tribunals
i . i n cv . ...
ned$2153 50, are no1 "l,ea lo naye jurisdiction ot them:
for their labor! me p'6'ceediugs, too, must be more summary
than fs" practicable before the standing Ju'di
. At ih. lafe ciary. The act of Congress above mention-
arc uul "l,cu lu uaye junsoiciion ot incm :
ciary. i ne aci oi congress above mention
I f(t eoniains a list nf militarw nflfn i
j u- nuu
provides minute regulations for the govern-
iireumi umwnij, iu iui anicies, to Which
every otneer ol toe army is required to Sub
al lhe time T entering the Service.
Beaott. A French editor, writing from
Paris, expresses disappointment at the beamy
ofthe French females, compaied with those
of the United States, and says:''! have
seen in the saloons of the most distinguished,
women who produced fanaticism, aud who
yet were far from being any thing extraordi
nary. An American who is merely pretty
in Baltimore or Philadelphia, is regarded as a
Venus in PaTis."
WHO IS TO DECIDE 7 The National
Intelligencer .. bas upon several occasions,
made it a favorite object to endeavor to con
vince its readers that high-tariff duties make
low prices. We have noticed its attempts
Upon several occasions-, And we believe some
one or two of its articles were republished iu
its pocket edition in this Town, he Observer.
The following from the Intelligencer went
the rounds of Ihe whig press.
"Now, ifTree traders, whether tti'ey live
in the North or the South, the East or
the West would predicate their argu
ments: upon facts aud figures, and throw
nsiVle theories and abstractions, can it be
liiKtrt thnt ihev wniilH wnn. evCIV matt Ot
them, concur with us in the confident asser
tion that tariffs do nut raise prices of-goods,
foreign or domestic ; but ibat tariffs do actual
ly raise the prices of all products of the soil,
and at the same time give cmyloyment to
many branches of industry to those who have
no soil to cultivate!
. There are such small quantities of grain
and flour exported to Great Britain that they
are scarcely worth speaking of; but of the
latter we will say another word. For the last
year the price of flour in this country, on the
seabord, averaged from four dollars ana nny
cenls to five dollars; whilst shipments to Eng
land have not geuerally netted rtiore than
about three dollars and fifty ceutsj and the
last quotation (nineteen shillings) uetts ouly
about three dollars per barrel."
. Thus much for the Intelligencer. The
whig maxim is, among those who either don't
Understand the subject, r are full willing to
rriisleod Others, that the consumer does not
nay the duty or tax always. This sort of
9 m- "
gull-trap will not deceive many, but iu case
there are some who may believe that the ta
riff or tax is never paid by the consumer of
the article purchased, we will give some good
whig authority bearing upon the subject
There are, no doubt, some instances, peculiar
iu therriselves, where the imported article may
cost the cbtisumer 110 rtiore than if it had
paid no ddty But these instances are rare
The correspondent df the Washington
Union has arrayed Messrs Clay, Webster,
aud Adams agaiust these p'edoUs pleadiugs
of the Niiiibnal lulelligbticer. Mr Clay, iu
oue of his speeches in rpga d to a protective
tariff, says :
"The expdtter of an article; if he invests
its proceeds iu a foreign market, takes care
to make the iilvesbhent iu such merchandise
as, when brought home he can sell with a fair
profit ; and consequently, the consumer would
pay the original eost and charges, and pro
Jits.'" Vol. 2, p. 36, Life and Speeches of
Henry Clay, published by Greeley uud McEI
ralh, 1844.
Aguiri :
"If there is driy truth in political ectfuomy,
it caunot bo that tbe result will agree With the
perieuce, that the consumption of any article
is iu prdpdrttou to the reduciiou f its pi ice,
aud that in general it may be laketi as a rule,
thai ihe ditty ok an article fdf His a portion of
its price:" Same Vdluftie, page 144.
The next witness I will cite, is the
" sod-
UKe" cnainpioti ol protection no less a per
sonage than Daniel Webster. This geulle-
man, iu a speech id the United Slates Seuate,
on the subject ofthe taiiff; iu 1S24, says:
"Our whole annual consumption of this
article (iron) is supposed by lhe chairman to
be 48,000 or 50,000 tons. Let u suppose
the latter. The amouut of our owu manu
facture he estimates, I think, at 17,000 tons.
The p'reseiit dtity (1824) on the imported ar
ticle is $15 per tou : and as liis dilly causes,
of course, an enuivalent augmentation of the
price of the houic manujacture, the whole in-
ceaie of price is equal to $75,000 annually.
This su'irl we pay mi a raw materia dud up
on an absolute necessary of life. The bill
proposes to raise the duty from $15 to $22 50
per tou, which would bu equal to $l,12o,000
ou the whole annual consumption. So that,
suppose the point of pr jhibiiiou, which is aim
ed at by some gentlemen, to be attained, tile
eonsuniers of the article would pay this lat-
meutioned sum every year to the producers
of it, over and abort the price at which they
could supply themselves from other sources'
I will next cite the testimony of trie Venera
ble ex-President John Quiucy Adams, also a
distinguished advocate of protective dirties.
Iu a report made by him, as Chairman ot the
Committee on Manufactures, to the House of
Representatives, iu 1832, he sajs:
" The doctrine lhat duties of impost cheapen
the p1! ice of ai tides upon which they are levied,
seeths io conflict with tbe dictates of common
sense. Tfie duty operates as a" bounty Or
premium to the domestic mnnufuefdie'r. But
by whom is it pa id 1 Certainly by the pur
chaser of the article, whether of foreign1 or do
mestic manufacture. The dutv constitutes a
part of the pHci of lhe icfiole mass of the arti-
ciestn marxet. it is substantially paid ttpoit
the arlibtt df dovtiiit manufacture, as welt
as ttpon that of foreign production. UpoU
the one it is a BOUNTY iipou theomer a
BURDEN; and the repeal of the lax must
operate as an equivalent reduction of the price
of tho article, whether foreign or domestic.
The generaf and permanent
effect must be to increase the price of the ar
ticle, to the extent of the additional duty ; and
it ii then paid by the cdnsiimer."
Paradoxical. I Elkton, Maryland, a
man ofthe name of Nathan Green was lately
indicted, as a white man., for larceny. His
counsel succeded in Tfuashiug the indictment
on ihe ground that Greene was not a whife
man but a negro. On a second trial be was
iodic ted as such, but his lawyers attempted to
prove that he was an Indian, in which, how
ever, they were not as successful as' before,
and tbe jury being satisfied that Green was
neither white nor red, wisely determined that
be must be black and so found him guilty.
This reminds us ofthe old enigmar "When
is a 6orfc-berry green ? Answer when! it i
- - v
l reel. '
From the Wlminrr7chn!n!!i
, "IN UNION 18 STRKNGrJJ""
This is true, and the union r .L .
of Wilmington and Fayet.eville. will develop
their strength aud resourr .... BIOPB
. ,..-Tr, i" ueitner of ihem
have auy idea at present. The.c two town,
are of the same oge-of identical interest.,
and mutually dependent upon each other f'
nor maikkul "marl . "l
7 v iiy, man, can thev
not work together for the common good?
1 hat mutual jealousies should exist is absurd !
oher? Why should the people of either
place look with any other than the most Mend
ly eyes upon those of the other ? How can
one of them prosper to any considerable ex
tent without in some degree adding conse
quence and credit to the other Why i, it
then that they do not combine in putting fur;
ward then mutual and identical interests by
promoting those objects of immediate concern
to each? It is a subject of absolute sorrow,
that they should not lay aside all little trifim
local jealousies and doublings, aud move on
in ctiucert aud hearty good will for the pro.
motion of their common prosperity, and the
developerheut of their wealth aud resources!
Mr Kditor, let as advance a tep and ask
our friendly neighbors a quetioo or two.
What is the reason that the navigation of
the Cape Fear River between the two town
is so much rhore uncertain than it used to be?
Where are the improvements and works of tho
"Navigation Company?" What is irW
Company doing? Can they not with tbeir
resource and cHartered privileges, do some
thing tnore than they are doing, or have
done for the ben b fit of the State at large, and
for the immediate benefit of this particula'r
region? Down here we know nothing ofthe
particulars ofthe case aud ak for informa
tion. We know that our part of lhe country
has been embarrassed really n filleted with a
drought ol extiaordiuary long continuance,
but we suppose the like has been known be
fore; and we do uot lemember to have heard
of so Ion;: a delay of produce aud merchaiidizn
iu transit by way of the Cape Fear, as the
past spring aud summer. Have the improve-'
tne nls injured the river? or has nothing been'
done? We have suffered in Wilmington
most severely by this suspeu-iou of naviga
tion, aud we dare say that out up-river friends
have felt it more than we. Is there no reme
dy for this embarrassment, or are we to stand
.-till and see our trade languish and die.
- This must certainly uot be. Our river is
uot the smallest or the worst one ou the Cnu
liueut, aud many a less stream, by enterprize
and energy aud united efforts, has been ren
dered generally navigable, aud the people be
come prosperous by the facility of transporta
tion aud intercourse. We do not entertain a
doubt that proper measures would remedy
the evils of which we complaiu, and whii h
tend to our ruin. ithout actual surveys,
ni-ide by scientific persons, nothing definite
can be t.ited, but it is a common icmmk that
four or five locks and danw on the Ricr
would render it passable a'l Ihe year round for
all descriptions Of rafts and boats of uot mo'e
than three feet draught. If this be so, why
llnl nfnnmf.iiH jl J , '!.. J J . r- rn.ii in- lirOI)"tT
reasons to Lein ? Will we lie any better pTe
parrd next year, or the year after, or t-n years
hence, to te.nedy these difiicul.ies and em
barrassrhenU, when they may pohip have
becomeworsethantheyare-.it pic.eut ? It
must bb leuieintK-rcd that our neighbors on
the South are aware of our Mituatioti, and aro
pushing every scheme for their aggrandize
ment aud to our injury. They aheady live
'iipou otir resources, and will not hesitate, nnd
at an emiy day too, to seize lhe little remnant
that is left to us ! It does seem n if the pre
sent is the fittest time for us to begin to do
something, aud we must begin very soon or
it rtiay b'e too late! Means of transportation
are vaiious, adapted todiffeeut regions. We
Have .a River, aud it may be a good oue and a
sure ifleaus of transp.iiUtiou ! What will be
the coat 1 Shall it be done ?
RALEIGH AND GASTON RAILROAD
It a'p'p'ears by the following from the Raleigh
Register of (he 1 1th, that Gov. Graham bus
determined to go iu his bid l the maximum
amount fur the Raleigh and Gaston Road :
' Governor Graham has returned from hi
examination of lhe Raleigh and Gcston Rail
Road, lie was accompanied to Gaston ly
the Public Treasurer, by Geoige W . Mordecn'i,
Esq'., the temporary President of tho Coin
pauy, John D. Hawkins, Esq., of Franklin,
otie of the Diectors, and Mi Iloli-ler, Su
perintendent of the Rad. We are giatified
to learn, that the Governor found the Road,
excepting the section between Ualeigli aud
Forestville, on which workmen are now op'
era'ing, in much belter condition than be had'
expected; and that, after a personal survey of
almost the entire track, and the Depots, Aque
duct, and noble bridges ofthe Company, and
on the inspection ot the Repoits of its income
for the pa-t two years, made to the Court of
Equity of Wake, he determined without hes
itation, as the Agent and Representative of"
the State, at tho sale ofthe Company's pro
perty, to be made on the 29th of December
next, to bid the ma.timum amount prescribed
in the Act of lhe General Ae-nbly at the last
Session, viz : $300,000, and Ihe interest
accrued thereon since the Bonds, for this
amount, endorsed by tbe State, were issued
which will be iu all about $381,000.
Oregom. Slavery has been abolished in
Oregon. P. H. Burnet, a citizeu of that ter
ritory, iu a letter in tbe last Platle Argus, ays :
The Legislature have passed an act de
claring that slavery shall not exist in Oregon,
nuo me owners ot slaves, who bring them
here, nre allowed two years to take them out
ot tne conurry, and in default, the slaves are to
be free; The act prohibits free tiegroe or
mulattoes from settling or remaining in this
country, dud requires them to leave iu two
years ; and in default to be hired out to the
lowest bidder, Who will bind himself to re
move them from the country for the shortest
term of service, and withiu six month after
the expiration thereof. The object is to keep
clear of this most troublesome class of popula
tion." A very considerable number of slaves ac
companied the last expedition' to Oregon.