Newspapers / The North Carolinian (Wilson, … / Dec. 19, 1846, edition 1 / Page 1
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"CHARACTER IS AS IMrOKTAST TO STATES AS IT IS TO INDIVIDUALS; AND THE GLORY OF THE STATE IS THE COMMON PROPERTY OF ITS CITIZENS." 4 BY WM H BAYNE CUMBERLAND THE next session ol the Cumberland Academy will commence on Wednesday, the. Ctli of January. Tlic iicv. Daniel Johnson. Principal ofthe School, still has charge of the Institution, and the public are assured that the instruction and citcqduie shall tie faithful and IFicient. I!y order of the Trust cs. Dec. 12, 18 IG. 4'U-lt. f!tiw rnntriiiiifnrs to the funds of the Donaldson Aeademv: The charter of thm Institution requires that it be l-.t . 1 "in the town of Favetlev i!lc, or in its vieir.- iiv wul.m foar mil.?. thereof." At :i niceling of the Hoard f Trusti es, held in the Session Room ol III.; l'rc-bvfnrian Church of Fa vettevdie, on ihe .veiling of Tuesday the of December, 18 1G, n proposal M submiMr d, to make n pplicat i. n to ttie Legislature ol North Carolina , at its pr' S- nl ses sions, f.,r such an alteuiiton in the said . darter as Won!. I admit ol" a location at I he disci e: ion ot the I. .-...1 r. ii v wti rn within til! territorial limit? of the IV. sh r. -rv of FayctteviIIe. Am this proposal cool. I not Ie.. II v l e a. e. d.d to u illicit! ihe Con sent - the contributors lo the hinds of the J"nti!u tio.i, the 1 1 .- . 1 isi'Mcd were ap; oji.i. d a ceifiiiittee t- ase.-rtain w Ir'ih. r such i on.'i fit ould he obtain ed. The said coinr but-ors are, t l.c l lot e, hereby r .pr.-liufl v rr.jueted to sle w cause to either ol til : umb l siir'ie'l. on or before the '2.3th inst, v In th- er the a ppbcal ion a !' . s:i id sba I Finance ol the said pi onosal. Oe made, m put - COLIN McIVRR. .1. ('.. Mil-TtJKllD, AUCI1T, S. Mc. IIILI. I), e 12, IS IG. Vuliisiblc lfccal Instate FOR SALE. TMli following va n i!!e property is cllcred fir sale? !v p rr va'c c I ia I : Tli.it desirable P;a ntat ion, f.rni-r'y the rr-i fence .-(' lie; I .te I l .ii. J. .Im Cam.lijl1, c .main i n -s seven l.ii idri d acres of lively p lie vv.iu.ls land, of which a !niit aei es h.ive he.-n under cull i vat i n. '1 he .hv.'hi.i h u-c i - larze. and to, inn idiuus, (ni'ie good rooms.) anil Iho Mil Ionises arc very coinp'cto uinl i-l excellent oril. r. Als . thai lame tract of lich river land, know n a s lie: C;ir!o-f I I .ce, Ii'iir m tin rirtr IV; I), e Tin- tract contai-s ui out 1100 ;ierts, of whii h aViot. !) ii.res an e'eari d Ami, ills', that ot'nvf tract f lii Ii river land, V. i w it as t he F'orlorn I lop. Dei?. Tins trai l contains lviiiiriei the river Pee six hundred acres, of v 1 1 i-1 1 2D ) acres ar:i cleared 1 lie land is cry rie'i . T imi; rhrer Tacts will he sold either .--'rparntcK .r toj. ther. The (Jailos.s Place and Forlorn Hope j .in each o'her, and tncth. r ui.uld make one ex ; llnt p'anfut ion . Tie oiImt plantation is in a very d siralde situation, aho'it ten n.ilcs from P." i i.-tt-s' i le and three nii'es Irmn Parnassus l'ost lii , AlarihoioiiLhD.stii. t, !S. C. 'I'lie pr.rmi -ii-s w ill !' shown by Mr Wiley Il. '.in y. wlm lives at the residence, and all com-iiinna-ario is nnj be addressed to Al. ssrs. Illak.m e v & .Macfarlan, A ttornev s for Airs. Jane (Jimip le'l, Fxeeuirix, Cheraw, .S. C, or toAlexir.der en, I'q., near Chcraw, rS. C, by whom the I r n v i!l lie mu le lx no w n on application. Failv sipolieatu.u re.nicsHd, Icl'orc the 1st of January if l i-lW!e. ' her i w , S Dee I StG. iTiorc LnOOS lillll"t AT H. EHAMBERT'S, F'mi- Dnors alova the Vnsl Office, Just recei veil, I 00 p ii id- of fresh cocoa nut car ly ; 2 harrol.s northern shell barks; nets ; . itroti ; rai-u-; d.il'-? ; prunes; fresh pickles ic sardines. The most approved la!ier- reotypo Apparatus; improved German Cameras; French and American Instruments i f the best, .pri'iiy, wth plates, case's, chemicals, p. .Ik-inn: materials, &c., on hand and for sab-jii the I.vtsl prices, al the Dj;;;iei r.-ot v'pe roetns of J L. P. II VAN. X. C. Regiment of Volunteers ! Th snVciih.r will ne ie a lot of SIX CAII HKL UKVOLVING PISTOLS ,v the next steauihoat that arrives, whiih will be sold at a suia'l advance at mv stove on llav street. D e l-i. IS-IK. " W. Pill OR. Th - S.ih--crd.,.r, A d.uin i -t . a'or of Malcom llav, leeeascl. ui f h're on! t lie n rn vo-s h-l () ni- i ri u o t'ni .state ol his intestate, on the first Tu.s.lav in .1 a rina rv next. Thehiii-nr dl Take t lace ::t ! I .t re.-i.b ii. . f ti e ,-as .1. ( ;,.ot I,i;,ls v jl he i . . j i i e.l !e I e t h i . "r' ' are .Teh vered A N PI; P. A- C. 11 V, A.lmVir. Dec. T2, tS1'-. -l s XV A H WITH MEXICO! wa.vit:, o.f inT.ni:i:i) n.-nve, i.mvc xo-nic: men to s"'ve IlocUet and Mountain Ilovv itz r Ii 't'ei i. s. now pr.-pai i-iiT by the (trdnance iep;i i t i lien f lor i m Mi ) : t ! e ,1 1 t .1 re. In av, provi-ioiis, and . loJhine, !V,is Corps w ill he supei ir to any nth. i y t raised; and from the kind of. inns, it will be constantly in tie ndvance, where iIh har.Ie-t fLbtin may !) ex pe-fe. The hi jhisf. haracf. r lor courage and phyifal ability will he r ouired for adoossion. Apt Iv to. J A S . A . J . P, II A D FO LI CapT. Orti'ie oin"dir N. C. Arsenal. N- H. Ta u Dollars paid to citizens for each re cruit they ma' procure. J. A. J. I. FOR SALE, A first nte flOKSE, Draj-, and Harness enquire of A. M. CAMPBELL. Dec. 12, 1S4G. GOOD THE Suhscriher is now receiving and opening, on the south side of Ilay Mrrrl, a shor, ,ii.iance above the Market, an entire NEW STOCK of STAPLE AND FANCY D R y (J 0 0 D s, Consisting in pait of black, brow n, and cad. t inixed Cloths, cassimcres, satiinetts, eolden-n.ixed jeans, veatings, kerseys, bleached and brown shirt ings and sheetings, Irish linen, calico. t, c.sh meres, inus!in-de-lains, alpacas, white ar.d red flannel negru a,nd saddle Munk.-ls, and many other things in the. Dry Goods line. ? Hats and caps, boots and shoes, crock erv. hard ware and cutlery; loaf, St. Croix and New Orleans Susars ; Laguira and Hi Coffee ; young hyson and gunpowder Tea ; Molasses, pepper, spice, w hole and quarjer hoses Raisins, cheese, bagging, lope and twine, trace chains, iron, steel, &c, all of" which he will sell low for cash, or in exchanse for country produce. J. UTL.EY. Dee. 5, 1346. 407-61. MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. December 8, 1840. Ftlloic-cilizcns qj the Senate and of the Ioiisir of Representatives : In resuming your labors iu the service of the people, it is a subject of congtatulation that there has been no period iu our past history, when all thu elements of national prosperity have been so fully developed. Since youilast session, no aiiiteting dispensation has visit ed our country ; general yood health has pie vailed ; abundance has crowned (he toil of the husbandman ; and labor in all its branches is receiving an ample renatd, while education, science, mid Hie arts are rapiuly enlarging ine mentis of social happiness. The progress of our country in her career of greatness, not only in the vast extension of our territorial limits, and the rapid increase of our popula tion, but iu resource and wealth, and iu the happy condition of our people, is without ex ample in the history of nations. As the wisdom, Wength, and beneficence of our fiee institutions are unfolded, every day adds fresh motives to contentment, and fesh incentives to patiiotism. Our devout and sincere acknowledgements are due to the gracious Giver of all good, for the iiumbeiless blessings which our beloved conntry ei'j'iys. It is a s urce of high satisfaction to know that the relations of the United Stales with all other nations, with a single exception, are of the most amiable character. Sincerely at tached to lha policy of peace, early adopted and steadily pursued by this government, I have anxi.iu-ly desired to cultivate and cher ish fi ieudship and commerce with every for eigu Power. The sphit and habits of the Ametican people are favomble to thy main tenance o( .nch international haimony. In adheiiug to this wise policy, a preliminary and paramount duty obviously consist in the piote. lion of our national iu'erests from en i ... , , eioacnmoui or sacntiee, ana our national honor from icptoach. 't hese must be main tained at any hazard. They adn.it of no coin promise or neglect, and must be scrupulously and cotistauly guarded. Iu their vigilant viudii atiou, collision and conflict with foreign powers may become unavoidable. Such has i i; i: . . neen our set uptiiotis aouereuce 10 ine dictates of justice, iu all our foreign intercourse, that though steadily and rapidly advancing iu pros petity and power, we have given no just cause of complaint to any nation, and have enjoyed the blessings of peace for thirty years. From a policy so sacred to humanity, nud so salu tary in its elFects upon our political system, we should never be induced volun'artly to de pa' . J he existing war with Mexico was neither desired nor provoked by the Uuited Spates. On the contrary, all honorable menus were re soite.l t to aeit it. After years ofeudurauce of aciitaviiU-d and uurediessed wrongs on our par', Mexico, iu violation of solemn treaty stipulations, atid of every principle of justice r 'cognised by civilized nations, commenced h isti iii.-s ; and thus, by her own act, forced the war upon us. Long before the advance C . .L I I". I I. .".I. - l2 1 X I ol our army i ine icit oauii i ine ivo uiauue, we had auij V: cau-e of war against Mexico ; and had the Uuited States tesoricd to this ex tremity, we might have appealed-to the whole civilized world for the justice of our cause. I deem it to be my duty t.i present to you. on the present occasion, a condensed review of the injuries wo had utaiucd, of the causes which led to the war, ami of its pi ogress since i s commencement. This is rendered the more necessary because of the misapprehen sion's which have to some extent prevailed as to its oiiginaiid tme character. The war has been represented as unjust and uuneces saiy, and as one of aggression on our part upon a weak and inpned enemy. Such er roneous views, though entertained by but few, hive been widely and extensively -circulated not only at homo, but hav- been spiead throughout Mexico and the whole wi Id. A usoit; , H'ecluul means could not have beeu de-vi-e.l to eucoutage the enemy and piottact the wat than to adv. -cute ami adhere to then cause, u.),i thus give- them "aid and coinfoil." It is a source of national pride and exulta tion, that the gieat body of our people have thrown n.) Mich obstacle in the way of the governmental prosecuting the war success hilly, but have shown themselves to be emi nently patiiotie, and ready to vindicate their eounti) s honor and luteiesls at any sacrifice. The aiacity and promptness with whic h our volunteer lotces mshed to ihe field on their couutiy's call, prove not only their patiiotism, but their deep conviction that our cause is just. The wrongs which we have suffered fiom Mexico almost ever since she became an ic dependeut ptmcr, and the patient endurance with which we have borne them, r.re without a parallel in the history of modern civilized nations. There is reason to believe that if these wiongs had been tesented and resisted iu Ihe first instance, the present war might have been avoided. One outrage, however, permitted to pass with impunity, almost ne cessarily encouraged the perpetration, of an other, until at last Mexico seemed to attribute to weakness and indecision on our pait a for bearance which was the offspring of magua nimity, and of a siuceie desire to preserve friendly relatious with a sister tepublic. Scaicely had she gained her independence, which the U. States were the first among the nations to acknowledge, when she com menced ihe svtem of insult and spoliation, which she has ever since pursued. Our citi zens engaged iu lawful commerce were im prisoned, their vessels seized, and onr flag FAYETTEVILLE SATURDAY, insulted in her ports. If money was wanted, the lawless seizure and confiscation of our merchant vessels nud their cargoes was a ready resource; and if to accomplish their purposes it became necessary to impiison the owners, captaius, and crews, it was done. Hulers superseded rulers iu Mexico in rapid succes sion, but still there wa no change in this sys tem of depredation. The government of Ihe United States made repealed reclamations on behalf of its citizen., but these were answered by the perpetration of new outrages. Prom ises of redress made by Mexico in :he most solemn forms were postponed or evaded. The files aud recotds of the department of Slate contain conclusive proofs of numerous law less acts perpetrated upon the propeity and persons of our citizens by Mexico, and of wanton insults to our natioual flag. The in terposition of our government to obtain re dress was ngiin and again invoked, under circumstances which tio uation omht .o dis regard. It was hoped ibat these outrages would cease and that Mexico would be restrained bv the laws which regulate the conduct of civilized nations in their intercourse with each other alter the tieaty of amity, commerce, and na vigation ot the oth of April 1831, wai con cluded betweeu the two lepublics ; but this hope soon proved to be vain. Tho course of seizure aud confiscation of the property of our citizens, the violation of their persons aud the insults to our flag pursued by Mexico pre vious to that lime, were scarcely suspended lor even a uriei period, altliougli the treaty so clearly defines the rights and duties of the respective patties that it is impossible to mis understand or mistake them. In less than seven years after the conclusion of that treaty our gi leva uees had become so intolerable that, iu the opinion of President Jar k"on, they should no longer be endured. In his mes sage to Congress iu February, 1S37, he pre sented them to the consideration of that body, and declared that "The length of time siuce some of the injuiies have been committed, the repeated and unavailing applications for re dtess, tho wanton character of some of the outrages upon the property and poison of our citizens, upon the officers and flag of the United States, independent of recent insults to this government and neoole bv (he late , i i j extiaordlnary Mexican minuter, would jus tify in the eyes of all nations immediate war." Iu a spit it of kiudncss and forbear ance, howevei, he recommended repiisals as a milder mode of redress. He declared that war should not be used as a romedy "by just and generous nations, confiding in their snength for injuiies committed, if it can be honorably avoid,'' and added, "it has occurred to me that considering the present embarras sed condition of that country, we should act with both wisdom aud moderation by giving to Mexico one more oppottuuitv to atone for the past, before we take lediess into our hands. To avoid all misconception on the part of Mexico, as well as to protect our own nation al character from reproach, ihis opportunity should be given with the avowed design and full preparation to iako immediate satisfaction, if it should not be obtained on a repetition of the demand for it. To this end I tecommeud that au act be passed authorizing reprisals, and tho use of the naval fotco of the United States, by the. Executive, against Mexico, to euforco them in the event of a refusal by the Mexican government to cotno toau amicable adjustment of the matters iu controversy be tween us, upon another demand theteof. made from on board one of our vessels of war on the coast of Mexico." Committees rf both houses of Congress, to w hich this message of ihe President was referred, fully sustained his views of the char acter of the wrongs which we had sufle ed from Mexico, and recommended that another demand for redress should be made before authorizing war or reprisals. The Commit- lee ou Foreign 1 1 1 a t i n s 'of the Senate, in their leport say : " After such a demand, should prompt justice be refused by the Mex iean government, we may appeal to all na lious not only for the equity and moderation with which we shall have acted towards a sis ter republic, but f.r the necessity which will then compel os to seek redress for our wrongs, either bv actual war r bv lenrisals. The J m I subject will then be presented before Con gross, a! the commencement of the next ses sion, in a clear and distinct form; and the committee cauuot doubt but that such mea sures will be immediately adopted as may be iiecessaiy to vindicate the honor of the couu trv. and insure amnio reoaration to our injured citizens." . . .-r j The committee on Foreign AfTiirs of the House of Representatives made a similar re- rnmmpniluliiii Io their rofinrt. thev sav that they "fully concur with the President lhat ample cause exists for takiug redress into our own hands-, and believe thai we should be justified in the opinion of other nations tor takiug such a step. But they aie willing io try the experiment of auother demand, made iuthe most soletna farm, 14)011 the justice ol the Mexican government, before any lurther proceedings are adopted." No difference of opinion upon the subject is believed Io have existed in Congress at lhat time; the Executive and Legislative de partments concuned ; and yet such has been our forbearance, and desire to preserve peace with Mexico, that the wrongs of w bkh we then complained, aud which gave rie 10 these solemn proceedings, not only remain unre dressed to this day. but additional causes o complaint, of an aggravated character, have eei since beeu accumulating. Shortly after these proceedings, a special messenger was despatched to Mexico ' to DECEMBER 19. 1S46. inake a final demand for redress ; aud on the 1 20th ol July, 1637, the dem-uid was made. I 1 ne reply of the Mexican government bears date on ihe 2Dih of the same mouth, aud cou- tains assurauces of tho "anxious wish" of Ihe Mexican government ' not to delay the moment of lhat filial aud equitable adjust- ment which is to terminate the existiug difli- cutties betweeu the two governments;" lhat j " nothing should be left uudono which may contribute to ihe most speedy and equitable determination of thn i-nbie. Is which have so seiiously eng.tged the attention of the Amer- ican government;"' that the ' Mexican gov- eminent would adopt, as the only guides for us conduct, the plainest piinciples ol public, righ', ihe sacred obligations imposed by in- teroatioual luw, aud ihe teliginus faith of treaties;" aud that " whatever icason aud jus- tlce may dictate iespccliug each case will be j done." Thn assurauce was Anther given, that the decision of the Mexicau government upon each cause of complaiut, for which re dress had been demanded, should be com municated to the government of the United States by the Mexican minister at Washing, ton. These solemn assurances, in answer to our demand for tedress, were disregarded. By tnakiti" them, however Mexico obtained further delay. President Van Bureu, in his annual message to Conuress of the 5ih of December, 1837, states, that ' although the laroer number " of our demands for iedr aud " many of them aggravated cases of oer- sonal wrongs, have been now for years before the. 1v ,rn,nm.nii noH mnw.f rk. aw v i II ' 7 " - "'J " - r I III Vy causes of national comnlaiut. and those of the most offensive character, admitted of im- median, simnle. and satisfactorv renlioa. it i onlv within a few davs nasi that anv sneciftc commnnicaiion in answer to our last demand. mrd five month no. has been ieri,i( from the Mexican minister ;" and that "for not oue of our public complaints hassatisfac- t ou been given or offered: that bat one of the cases of nersotial wr.uiff has been favorably I considered, aud that hot tour cases of both descriptions, out of all those formally pre sented, and earnestly pressed, have as yet been decided upon by the Mexican govern ment." President Van Bureu, believing that it would be vaiu to make any further at tempt to obtain redress by the ordinary means within the power of the Executive, communi cated this opinion to Congress, in Ihe mes- ciinn roflnrmrl tn t twKlh Ko SAl.l On I T,r.,l n,l rl.lil,r!,iPv.-T.inaiion of ih rr.n. lenis." fof the corresuondence with the Mex- ican ooveriiroent an.l consider inn the soir- x it manifested Iw Iho Mevirnn onvernment. it has become my pniuful duty to return the . r - ' rui'jv.i.1 i nil i qiuiiu viiii03) iii iviiuiu ;i ul,.,. ....r. iu I. . .i.. r'n.o In uhnn. and ib measoro of rPrlrft.." Hnd ih IT .ki .: jij 1 ore- n.l lk..n redra into lhir n ha.wU. all our difficulties with Mexico would probably i,.,.. i. i .u HUTU JX, KM KJ OI1IVU Ui'JUOICtlj OIJU IO I ing war have beeu aveMed. Magnanimity and moderation on our part only had the ef fect to complicate these difficulties, and ren der an amicable se'tlement of ihem the more - a 1 chess, under similar provocations, committed bv anv of the noweiful nat ons ,.f Kurooe. - j , v , would have been promptly resoited to by the United States, cannot be doubted. The national honor, and the preservation of the national character throughout the woild, as well as our own serf-respect and the protec tion due to our own citizens, would have rendered such a resort indispeusable. The -ty Mexico on the. twentieth o! November, history of no civilized na'ion in modern 13, by ihe plenipotentiar ies of the tw o guv times 'has preseuted within so brief a period ernments, by which provision was made for so many wanton attacks upon the honor of its flag, and upon the properly and persons of its citizens, as had at lhat lime beeu borne by iho United States from the Mexican au thorities and people. But Mexico was a sii ler republic, on the North American conti nent, occupying a territory contiguous to our own, and was in a feeble and distracted cou diiiou ; and these considerations it i pre sumed, induced Congress !o foibcar still longer. Instead of taking redress into our hands, a new negotiation was entered upon with fair promises on the part of Mexico, but with the real purpose, as the event has pro ved, of indefinitely postponing the reparation which we demanded, and which was so just ly due. This negotiation, after more than a year's delay, resulted in the convention of the eleventh'of April, 1336, for the adjust ment of claims of citizens of the United States of America upon the government of the Mexican republic."' The joint board of commissioners created by this convention to examine and decide upon these claims was not organized until the month of August, 1S40, and under the terms of the conven tion they were 10 terminate their duties with in eighteen months from thqt lime. Four of the eighteen months were consumed in preliminary discussions on frtToloiis and dilatory points raised by the Mexican com missioners; and it was not until the month of December, 13 10, that they commenced the examination of tlie claims oT our citizens upon Mexico. Fourteen months only re mained to examine and decide upon these numerous and complicated cases. In the month of February, tSI-2, the term ofthe commission expired, leaving many claims which were allowed by the b3rd, and by the umpire 3ulhorir.ed by. the convention 10 decide in ease of disagreement between the Mexican and American commissioners, a mounted to two million twenty aix thousand one hundred and thirty-nine dollars 3nd six ty eisht cents. There were pending before the ti moire when tho ....n.i.Isswvn. evr.ired additional claims which hud been examined and awarded by the American e.vro.msioners. and had not been allowed bv the Mexic in commissioners, amounting to nine hundred and twenty-eiht thousand six hundred and twenty-seven dollars and eight v-eierht cents, upon which be did not decide. alle-MUT that his authority bad ceased with the terminal ion of the joint commission. Besides these claims there were others of American citizens ainoun'imr to three mlHimi tl,r..t. h.nwl.-,-,! and thirty-six thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven dollars s,nd five cents, which bad been submitted to ihe board, and upon which they had not time to decide before their final adjournment. The sum of two million twenty-six ihoo- sand one hundred and ibirtv-nine dollars and sixty-eight cents, which bad been awar ded to the claimants, was a liquidated and ascertained debt due bv Mexico, about which there could be no dispute, and which she was bound to pay according to the terms of the convention. Soon after the final awards for this amount had been imde, the Mexican government asked for a postpone ment of the time of making payment, alleg ing that it would be inconvenient to make the payment at the time stipulated. In the sPirit of forbearing kindness towards a sister rePubIlc which Mexico has so long abused lhe Uni,eJ Slates promptly complied with er request. A second convention was ac cordingly concluded between the two gov ernments on the thirtieth of January, 1343, wiucn upon its lace declares tnat - this new arrangement is entered into for the accom modation of Mexico." By the terms of this convention, all the interest due on the awards which had been made in favor of the clai- menls under the convention of the eleventh Ol'April, 1S36, Was to Le paid to them ua the thirtieth of April, 1 843, and the principal ot the said awards, and the interest accruing '" wa supu.aieu io -oe paiu ... nv e Jearst equal in equal instalments every three ' .u months-' Notwithstanding" this new con vention was entered inio at tlve request ol Mexico, aud for purpose of relieving her frori embarrassment, the claimants have only recei ved the interest due on the thirtieth of April, 1S43, and three of the twenty instalments Although the payment of the sum thus liquid it ed, and confessedly duo by Mexico to om citizens as indemnity for acknowledged net: of outrage and wrong, was secured by treaty ,he obligations ol which are even hebUa. ied .""Jnaltoni, yet Mexico nas vioiaien I ; i r i - i solemn engagement oy lauiug anu nius I "g to make the payment. The two instal i . i - . -I , i . i ,neuis aue. Pr " u,7 i ur I ik i : ; . .... - .i "'O UeU'ldl C 1 1 1: U 1 1131 a 1J (.US IIIIIIICUCU WOO Ii, them, have been assumed by the United States aud discharged to Ihe claimants, but they are still duo by Mexico. Bui this is uoi n" of wh,cb ve have lust cause ol complaint To Pv'de remedy for the claimants whose cases were not decided by the joint commas- by the joi ion under the convention of April the 11th it was expressly stipulated by tho sixth ar ticle of the convention of tho thirtieth of Jan uary, 1843, that "a new convention shall be entered into for the settlement of all claims of ,hu Svrumeiil and citizens of ihe United oa agamsi ine repuoou ... Mexico which were not finally decided by the k!o commiss ion, which met in the city of Washington, and of all claims of the government aud citi zens of Mexico agaiu.-ithe United Sriles." In conformity with this stipulation, a third convention was concluded and signed at the asceitaiulug and paving these claims. In January, 1844, this convention was ratified by the Senate of the United States with two amendments, which were manifestly reasona ble iu iheir character. Upu a reference of the amendments proposed io the government of Mexico, the same evasions, difficulties and delays were inteipocd which have s lung marked the policy ol lhat government towards the United Slates. It h is not even yet decided whether it would not accede lo them, although the subject has been repealed ly piessedntnju its cousideiatloii. Mexico has thus violated a second time the faith of treaties, by failing or refusing to cany into elfcct die sixth aitiet.i of tho couveutiou of January, 1S43. Such is ihe history of ihe wrongs which we have sufFereci and patiently endured Itotn Mexico through a longseiies of years. iS far from avoiding reasonable satirla. liou lor the injuries and insults we bad borne, a great aggravation ol ihem couisl in iho fact, lhat while the United Stales, anxious to preserve a good understanding wiib Mexico, have beeu coiiiauily, but vainly, employed in seek ing ledress for ps! wiougs, new out' ages were constantly occur r iug, which hve con tinued to iuciease our causes of complaint aud to swell the amount of our deiauds. While the citizens ot the United State were conducting a lawful comoiercH wiih Mexico under the guaranty of a treaty of "amity, com merce, and navigation," many of lbm h?ve suffered all Ihe injuries which would have re sulted fiom open war. This treaty, instead of affording protection to our citizens, has been the oieaus of iuviliug them into the Mexican ports, that they might be, as they have beeu iu nuziieiotis instances, plundered ol their propeity and deprived of their personal libei ly if they dared insist 011 their lights, lias lae unlawful seizures of Ameiican pro peity, and Iho violation ol personal liber l of mir ciiizeus, to say norhVug; of the iusuhs to our flajj which have occurred in the pod- of Mexico, taken place on the high seas,, they Volume 7 N timber 400 would themselves bng since have constituted n sfafc of actual war between ihe 10 countries-. Ins. long suffering Mexi.-.t n violate her mi'sl rtolemn irenty obligations, plunder our ciiizfu.4 of their properly, and imprison their persons without ntfirding them any re dress, we hvt failed pcrlonn one ol the first and hijhei duties which every govern ment owes Io its citizens; and ine conseque nce has been, that many of ihem have beeu reduced from a Malo of aflfilelicfl fo Imnkrupt- y. The proud name Ahum ican citizen which ought lo protect nlf who bear it froin inosll and injury ihrnughooi lire world, has afforded no stub protection to our citizens in Mexico long !ef.ue ihe hienkin" mil of hostilities. But even then we forbore to l ike redress into our own bauds, until Mexico herself hecamo the aggrossor'hy invading mr soil iu hostile irray and shedding ttie libxxt of nor citizens. Such are ihe grave catties ol complaint oil iho part ol ihe United Stales again.! Mexico causes which existed long befote the con- su'iirnati'iii ol tne annex 111. in 01 icxa-stoine uiericnii Union; and tet, nnimated by thr ove of peace, sind a rirajn.int.il. us modera tion we did not adopt those measures ol re dress which, under such circumstances, a'e tho justified tes.nt of injured nations. The annexation vf I etas to the United Slates constituted no just cause of offence lo Mexico. The pretext that it did so is wholly inconsistent, aud iircconcilablo with weff authenticated facts connected wish the revolu tion by which Texas became independent ol Mex.io. Th-rt this may be ihe moie mani fest, it may bo proper to ndvett to the history ofthe principal events of that revolution. , I exas constituted a potlion ol the ancient province of Ioi.-iana, ceded to the United Stales by Frauce in the year 1S03. In 1819. theUuited States, by the Florida treaty, ceded to Spain all that pari of Louisiana with in ihe present limits olTexas; nud Mexico, by the revolution which separated her tronv Spain, aud rendered her an independent na tion, succeeded to the right of thu mother country ovei this tcri'nry. In the year 1824, Mexico established a federal constitution, under which the Mexican retmblie was com posed of sovereign States, confederated to gether in a fedeial Union similar to our own. Each of these States had its own Fxecutive, legistatu e, and judiciary, and, for all except federal proposes, wn as independent d the general government, and lhat of the States, as is PennsvWnnii or Virginia under our constitution. Tcxai and ConhuiU nutted and for mod one of thtM-. Mexican Stales. The Stte constitution which they adopted, and which was sppiovtd- by tho Mexican 1 confederacy, !.ei ted that they were" freo and independent of lh other Mexican Unit ed Slate-, and uf'eveiy oilier power and do minion whatsoever;" an 1 proclaimed the great p'inciple o( human lib. itv, thai the sovereign ty of ihe S'ale resiiJe-. oiigiually aud essenti ally in the general mass of the individuals who compose it. ' To the government under this constitution, its well as to (hat under tho federal constitution, the people of Texas owed allegiance. Immigrants from foreign countries, includ ing the Uuited Slates, weie invited by tho Colonization laws ofthe Slate and of tho fed eial government to settle in Texas. Advan tageous terms wen offered to induce them to leave iheir own country and become Mex ican cit:zeu. This in vital ion was accepted by many of our citizens, in the full faith lhat in iheir new homo they would be governed by laws enacted by icpiesentatives elected by bv them. -I hes, nnd that their lives, liberty, and propeity would be protected by constitu tional guarantee similar ta lh'oe which exist ed in the republic they had left. Under 11 govern nent thu- organized they continued until th? year 1S35-, when a military revolu tion broke out iu the city cf Mexico, which entirely subverted iho federal aud Stale con slilutiosis, and placed a military dictator at the head f Ihe government. By a sweeping electee of a Congress sub servient lo the dictator, the several State con stitutions were nholi-hed, aud Ihe States them selves convetted into mere departments nf the Central Government The people of Texas weie unwilling t submil to this usurpation. Resistance to such t'vanny became a high datv. Texas was fuliv nhsotved from ail al legiance the Central Cnverurneht of Mexico from the ttnrncnt that government had abol ished her State c.H-titution, and in its place substituted an (arbitrary and despotic Central Govci till!, i t. SikIi were th p-iucipal causes ofthe Tex .111 revolution. The people of Texas at onco determined upon resistance, aud flew to arms. I u the midl of these important and exciting; vents however, lh-y dhJ not omil to place ih-ir IrtiRitics up.. 11 a secure and permanent foundation. They elected metnbet to a con vention, who, in the mouths of March, 1836, i-sued a format dic fa rati.. 11 thai their "polili- rnl connexion wilh the Mexicau nation has forever euded, aud tha the pco:le of Texas do now constitute a fiee, sovereign, and iu dependeut Republic, and ore fitly invested1 with all the rights and iiltiibu'e whirh proper ly belong to independent nations." They al o adopted for thrrr grvcrnmenl a lideral re publican constitution. About tho ame time, Santa-A unr then iie dictator of Mexico, in vaded Texa with a nunwroiM army for tho purpose ofsubdurog her people, and eufoicing; obedience to his arbitrary and despotic gov ernment. On ihe twenty-first of April, 1S36, ihewa met by the Texan citizen soldiers, and-on lhat day was nchieved by ihem tho inernorabb viilo'V of San Jaciuto, by which Ihey conrrueied their iudepeudeuce. Con- (Continued on fourth page.
The North Carolinian (Wilson, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 19, 1846, edition 1
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