plore ii, continued trouble, deeper depression,
and more hopeless degradation awaits tbem
in this couniry ! Can they attain to the
lights and privileges they are now stiuggliog
fur, and demanding ! How is it possible for
them to dream that they can ever enjoy a com
fortable, quiet, and houorable home here and
poises, that shate in the management of pub
lic afTaira which alone ceo make tbem (eel
and act as men and titifeens! Must they Dot
come, however lelurtatity, to the conclusion,
and acknowledge, that the policy of coloniza
tion is the only Hue and. sanative policy
ever yet adopted? It pu poses to place
ihem in circumducts propitious to the full
development 01 their powers. I u this coun
try" while things remain as they are at present,
there is no place where this cau be done. G
where they may, they encounter an invinci
ble prejudice, which excludes them from the
honors of political, and the comforts of social
life, and reminds them ol iheir deeply depress
ed conditio ii. On eveiy baud, the more
favored race is multiplying around them, fill
ing every nveuue to wealth, engrossing every
desirable business, and monopolizing eveiy
honorable employment.. The rapid increase
of our own population, the immense iuflow
fI ioieiguerf, woo muni living tij miimi
labor, and who ran labor to the best advantage,
are sad evideuces that the day is not far dis
tant when they will be. crowded out of evry
lucrative employ meiil, and thereby; depressed
lower thnn they are at present, pud thus com
pelled, in self-defence and for self-preservation,
to seek a home rrtf some oher land-1:hi
result may not be for years yet, buL p-emoni-tions
of the its approach' are now seen in every
city in the laud.
Much as we deprecate this state of things,
we would anticipate its approach and in ad
vance prepare a home for them wheii it co'mes.
We would have tbem aroused from their pre
sent dreams to the reality. of its-approach, and
led to take the measures necessary to save
themselves and their children from the cer
tain wretchedness and degradation which
await tbem. And we . therefore preseni co
lonization to them at every opportunity, as the
only practicable remedy for the. ills which at
present betide them.
From the Newbernian.
INTERESTING TRIAL for MURDER.
We learn that at the last term of Jones
County Superior Court, commencing on
Wednesday of last week, Ira Westbrook, a
citizen of that county, was tried for the mur
der of a slave, by the name of Lot, before
his Honor Judge Pearson. The prisoner
was defended by James W. Bryan Esq.
It appeared in evidence, that the negro
was hired to Westbrook, and at the time the
affair for which he was indicted occurred,
that the negro was insolent and impudent in
his language towards the prisoner; and there
upon he took down a cow-hide to whip him.
Lot then told the prisoner, that he would
not be whipped by any such man, and be
gan to move off. Westbrook then took
down his gun, upon which the negro in an
impudent manner, told him to shoot repeat
ing it three times. The prisoner then fired
upon him, and lodged the contents of -the gun
in. the calf of his teg. The negro fell, and
soon afler crawled back to the door of the
prisoner's house and .told hiitvia an impudent
manner, to shoot the other -barrel f tike gun
into his head, which the prisoner did not do.
Mortification ensued from the4 wounds in
the leg, and he died in '-consequence on ihe
third day after he was shot.' :
The prisoner's council, we lern,- pat his
defence mainly on the ground,' that the ne
gro was in a state of rebellion and tesistanee
to the prisoner, who for the time being was
his owner, and had all the rights and authori
ty of his actual master, 'lhat but. for .this
resistance and rebellion, it would be at most
but a case of manslaughter.
His Honor, Judge Pearson, charged the
Jury, that viewing this case as one in which
the prisoner had killed the deceased, upon
the provocation of impudence and insolence,
waj in the eve of the law. but a case of
manslaughter. But if the deceased was in
an actual state of rebellion, and resistance
to the prisoner, then he would have a right
to kill him, and would not be liable criminal
ly for the act, but would be justified in law
for so doing. The Judge then explained to
the Jury what he deemed rebellion, and re
sistance, on the part of a slave towards his
master. The Jury found the prisoner not
guilty.
We regard this as a very importat case,
it having called forth, as we believe, the first
decision upon these principles of law, that
has been made in the Slate.
Murder in Orangeburg District.
Mr Benjamin Plumb, a native of Poland,
but for the past two or three years a resident
of this city, was most butally murdered in
Orangeburg District last week; under the
following circumstances : Mr Plumb has
for several mouths been peddling goods
throughout several of the upper districts, and
while on one of these expeditious in the
neighborhood of Orangeburg, he was nailed
by 2 or 3 negroes from a field, who stated thai
they desired to make some, purchases. H
immediately slopped his horse rd sulkcy,
ppeued one of his trunks, and while in . the
act of taking out the goods one of the negroes
struck him a severe blow across the head with
an axe. The wounded mau offered them all
he possessed to spare his life, but deaf to bis
cties, they despatched him in a few seconds
splitting nis ku with the axe. They then
buried toe body and divided the booty. The
ulkey was concealed in the woods and the
horse allowed to io astrnv
One of the negroes acquainted his wife with
II the circumstance relating to the murder,
-end placed iu ber possession several articles
of value, under the sti iciest injunction, of
aecresy. The woman immediately acquaint
ed her mistress wuh the facts, aud the princi
pal and his accomplices were soon captured
aud placed iu confinement, where they, have
aiuce made a full confession.
Mr P. we understand, was quite a young
mao, and bad been married about Soften
months, in this city. Since the receipt i
this intelligence his wife was. been lying in
a critical aud dangerous situation, Evening
Vew, Charleston,
THE WAR.
The following news reached Fayetteville on last
Sunday, but as it is founded only on reports and
Mexican auihori'y.muit not be considered authe'H c
Office op Commercial Times, )
Saturday, March 13, 1847. J
FROM THE ARMY!
LATE AND VER IMPORTANT
A great Battle at Saltillo Santa Anna
commanding inperson 4500 of the enemy,
and 2000 Americans reported to have fatt
en (Jen Taylor fatting batk on Monterey
Advance of Gen. Marshall to his relief
Impression at Camargo of Santa Anna's
defeat Capture by the Mexicans, of large
escorts of Provisions, Munitidns of IVar,
Approach of Gen. Urrea; with 4000
men to Mctamoros, dc, &c, &c.
The schooner Cinderella, Captain . Scull,
arrived here last night from Brazos, which
she left on the 5th instant, bringing; intelli
gence of a most momentous character. It
seems that a desperate struggle has now in
reality becrun, between the forces under San
ta Anna and his subordinate officers, and the
scattered commands of our army in the in
terior of Mexico, and along the line of the Rio
Grande. A severe contest is said to have
taken place near'Sallillo, between the Mexi
can army, led by Santa Anna, and the, force
under Gen. Taylor. Such details as have
reached us will be found in the communica
tion below. With regard to the losses sus
tained, we have no doubt thai 4 hey -a re much
exaggerated, -as well as the numbers said to
have composed Santa Anna's army--25,000
men. Scattered as our troops are, over the
country, at such immense distances from
each other, we concede that the state of
things bears a most critical appearance.
But we have confidence in the indomitable
courage of our troops, and in the skill of their
leaders. Santa Anna has already, we feel
quite certain, caught a Tartar, in General
Taylor, notwithstanding the immense dis
parity in numbers exhibited by the eon tend-
inr forces.
Bkasos Santiago, )
Morning, March 5th, 1847, I
Gentlemen In transmitting you the en
closed article for your valuable paper, I only
design to lay before you such intelligence as
we ha ve at present, and which I have tried
to reduce to such a shape as will enable us
to judge of the truth oi' the various reports
that are now circulating im this region, arul
which will doubtless reach your city.
The substance of the enclosed is more
generally believed than I could wish. I wrote
it out from a desire to detect Madam Ro
nton in the prevarication of her thousand
tongues. I only hold myself responsible for
its veracity, so far as it is a faithful record
of what ii circulated here, and what many
believe. I am your obedient servant.
J NO. G. TOD,
Ag't Qua r, Mas'r. Genl's. Dept , Texas.
Bra sos Sautiago, Texas, I
Night of the 4ih March, 1847. J
Great anxiety has prevailed at this place
for these two days past, to receive intelli
gence from the Army. Nothing official has
come to hand, but various rumors, have ar
rived, Leaving a greater mystery as- to the
true condition of General Taylor and his
forces, tlnn has occurred at any period, since
the war. The country above it,, doubtless,
swarmed with Mexican troop, cutting oil
all communication with our lower depot.
The rancheros and others are flocking to the
Mexican standard.
The following intelligence has just arrived
here, and I make a memorandum of the con
versation of the individual, for it is verbal,
and brought from a source lhat I believe will
prove true, when it is properly analyzed by
information which we must doubtless shortly
receive.
The battle commenced on ihe night of the
23d, near Saltillo. It continued for two
days. The Mexicans had no artillery, their
force being composed alone of cavalry - and
infantry, numbering twenty thousand men,
with a division of six thousand men in tluir
rear, Santa Anna commanding in person.
Gen. Taylor's force numbered, when the'
battle commenced, near, five thousand men,
composed -f Infantry, Dragoons, and 18
pieces of Litght Artillery, and was making
his retreat to Monterey. He has lost about
two thousand men. The Mexican loss is
about four thousand five hundred. Gen.
Pay lor was in hopes that he would be able
to retain his position which is about three
miles from Saltillo, at a Mill Pond, where he
possesses some natural defences. -
Gen. Marshall had set out from Monte
ley with a largeescort, carrying four wagons
of ammunition and to 18-pounders. It is
generally believed that he will he able to
join Gen. Taylor in time to afford relief.
The general opinion amongst the Mexi
cans at Camargo and Matamoras, as express
ed, indicates that Sauta Anna has been bad
ly whipped.
Col. Morgan was mortally wounded, and
his command entirely cut up at Seralvo, and
other points along the line ' id observation,
extending from the latter placi to Mier.
A train of one hundred and twenty wag
ons had been captured by the Mexicans.
They murdered all the teamsters and the
escort ol iwenty-hve men. They have also
captured a train of sixty wagons, though
nothing definite as to the disposal of tea ma
sters and escort. 1 hey have likewise rap
tured a hundred pack mules loaded .ih Stt
lera goods.
Gen. Urea is warshuig omto-atiaelt Mata
moras, with, abwt fbua thousand men.
.,
1 am in hoiyes it wnfr e rounu ne was
only slightly wounded and his command dis
persed- t
ADDITIONAL PARTICULARS.
Further Details of Santa Anna's Movements
Confirmation of Previous Humors
Capture of Trains and Merchandise
JvamesoJ Citizens oj Matamoras taKen
Prisoners. dr. &'C.
We hasten to place before our readers
ine subjoined letters, from a valuable corres
pondent, which convey some further . details
Jiti regard to the important events transpir-
TEE flQIRTIHI CAJROILIIfljlAKf
ing on the Rio Grande. We regret to. say
that they confirm to some extent the appre
hensions which have been entertained relat
ing to the critical position of Gen. Taylor
aud the forces under his command.
Further news will now be looked for with
the most intense anxiety. At present all is
doubt and confusion. We still trust and
believe that there is a great deal of egge
ration in the various reports that have reach
ed us.
Matamoras, March 1, 1347.
Gentlemen This city was thrown into
the greatest consternation this morning by
the arrival of he steamer Aid, with letters
from Camargo and Monterey, stating, that
General Tavlor had been attacked by Santa
Anna at the head of 25.000 men at Sullillo.
The postscript informing us of the truth of
the matter, was added to the letter by cap
tain Montoromery of the 7th, now Quarter
master at Monterey. I he letter was dated
the 23d February, the postscript the same
day, which slates that the fight commenced
on the 22d of February, and that no farther
information could be had. There are be
tween 7000 and 8000 men between Camar
go and Monterey, who have entirely cut ofr
all communication between those two places.
Gen. Urrea is at Morino, a town about 23
miles this side of Monterey with six thousand
cavalry, and, Canales has rancheros sufficient
to make up the number. Gen. -Taylor has
issued o'dcrs that not less, than rone Regi
ment shall altempt.to leave Camajrgo on this
route Col. Morgan command. (the second
Ohio Regiment) about four, hundred stong,
left Ceralvo where they were stationed, to
join Gcn.! Taylor, after having burnt every
thing they could not take with them, and it
is confidently believed that he and his whole
command were either cut to pieces, or tak
en prisoners. That gallant, chivalrous soul,
Ben. Mc.Culloch, with his men, has been
captured. He had not more than twenty
eight men, all told.
I am sorry to state that a very , worthy ci
tizen of ours has been captured, at least it
is presumed so, and with very good grounds,
as two or three who went one day after him
J had been obliged to fallback on Camargo.
Jesse D. Carr, Mr Trenoweth. Mr Grayson,
Capt. M'Mullin, (a clerk of Mr Carr's) for
merly of M'Culloch's Company , of Rangers,
having about 200 pack mules loaded with,
valuable goods, belonging to the before
mentioned; person, and having goods be
longing to peter J. Nail, of Matamoras, and
Messrs. Mather Glover & Co., no doubt
have been taken ; nothing has been seen
or heard of them. Mr Sprague, a clerk lor
S. A Belden Elsq , and John B. Baker, Sutler
to the first Regiment of Kentucky Volun
teers, started the day after the first named
party, and had been compelled to fill back
to Mier, and there await until the troops
there stationed should be ordered to Camar
go This is all the fault of Gen. Scott for hav
ing taken away the regular forces from that
part of the country. Should Gen. Taylor
be able to fall back on Monterey he can then
hold out until reinforcements reach him, as
they have some sixty days rations at that
point. But I am afraid he is in a critical
position, having nothing but Volunteers with
him, he cannot have that confidence which
he would have, had not that immortal man.
Gen. W. Scott taken away from him the
whole of his most effective force., ... But old
Rough and Ready has determined to con
quer or die. Santa Anna sent him a sum
mons to surrender. Tell Santa Anna, says
the old man, "to come and take me." I
have conversed with ofiicers of the army
here, who think that Gen. Taylor might he
able to ftll back on Monterey. He has some
4 COO volunteers with him, and I think they
will fight to the Inst. ColjCurtis is station
ed at Camargo, which is hourly threatened
with attack. Some 700 of the Virginia re
giment passed through this place three days
ago on their way to join Gen. Taylor. Should
the General even fall back on Monterey, he
will have a large body of men between him
and Camargo, who cau, and no doubt will
take the place, and then down on Matamoras,
cutting off Gen. Taylor's supplies entirely.
Every person is on the alert. The Mexi
cans say that the army will take this place
in a short time. Several ot the better class
of the population are preparing to move to
the other side of, the river, in case the place
should be recaptured, us they know they
would be killed by their own people immedi
ately. You will find this letter very disjoin
ted in its details, but you may depend on the
correctness of every part f it, as I received
it irom nigri auiuoruy. xours iruiy.
Matamoras, March 1, 1S47.
Gentlemen : The news from above last
nigbi, is f rathei au exciting uJue. Oti
the 26lh ultimo, a despatch arrived heie; which
stated that General Taylor had giveu orders
for the discontinuance uf Use trains between
Camaigo and Monterey, on nrenisnt of large
bodies of the enemy having been known to
have crossed the MotsuUiMiSy although their
whereabouts was not exactly knonu. The
steamer Aid, Captain Stroadns, left Comargo
on tho eveuiug of the 25th ultimo, and the
Big liatcaje' Caplaiu Mo by, left on Friday
morning, the 26th February, with desiratrhes,
and. with a report that a body of Mexicans to
the amount of 3000, were between Camargo
and Woulerey, supposed to be Urrea com
mand; as they cau have but little if any artille
ry, the only difficulty to be apprehended,
js the cutting offs applies and communication
for the present, lbe nev volunteer regi
ments arrive very slowly, none having pass
ed up the river, as yet, but the Virgiuia regi
ment, which ate as fair a looking aud orderly
set of men as you would meet with. Owing
to the bed w-eatber(blowing) great difficulty is
experienced in getting them off ihe vessel.
General WoHh,with the last of his division,
left the mouth on the 26th, for Tampico or the
Island of Lobos. We naturally, fiorn the
foregoing reports, feel somewhat interested
here, but should we have lo leave Mttamora.
little of it will be left to tell the tale, as there
are not over 900 muskets between Ca
irnargo
and the mouth of the river.
I remain yours, &c.
P. S. Since writing the above, the J. E.
Robert, Capt. Reed, from Camargja, arrived
this morning, and confirms the previous re
port, viz: 8000 cavalry this side the mountains.
There has been a fight at Saltillo, no particu
lars. The Mexicans have captured a train
of 126 wagons, and 180 private mules, and
are raising the very devil with the traders.
They have taken Peter fJale,' Trainer's
Taruavars' and others, being a complete har
vest for fhem. .No mounted men iu this part
of the country, with the exception of about
one hundred.
Frir. the American Flag, March 3.
Our town has been thrown into the most
intense excitement, by the reports constantly
reaching hete, relative to the perilous situatiou
of General TayloiV ditision of the army.
They are so vague and confused, that we
hardly kuow how to commence -au abstract
even. That a batile has been fought, no one
here can doubt for a momeut, but how it has
resulted, or what dangers impend on the line
of ihe Rio Grande, is iuveloped in the most
perplexing uuceitaicty. We give, however,
what seems to bo the best authenticated state
ment received here, from Ihe seat of hostili
ties. .
Gen. Taylor, while at Nueva, 14 miles
from Saltillo, w ith 51)00 men, was attacked on
ihe 22d ult., by a Mexican force of 15,000.
Finding that be could not maintain bis posi
tion, he made g.od his retreat to Saltillo,
covering his wagou train. - Here a severe
engagement took place iu the streets, in which
the Mexicaus surTeied a heavy loss. After
destroying what of the public stores he could
not ttausport,-.be continued his retrogade mo
vement ou Monterey, until he reached ihe
out successfully defended himself. Here all
the rumors, tepoits, and letters leave him.
Once iu Moulerey and he would be safe, but
his ability to accomplish this much was alto
gether problematical, as the Mexicans were
swarming iu every diieciion. A merchant iu
Camargo, uuder date of 25th ul:., writes to his
friend in this place. Three expresses lo
day from Moulerey, fighting in Saltillo; Mar
ino iu Mexican pot.hes.HUMi; large train of
wagon., 126, and ISO private mules taken;
McCultough's vunfriy taken; 8000 cavalry
this side of the mountain; and things iu gen
eral turned upside down."
To the Editor of the Riillelin :
The various rumors from the nimy, of bat
tles fought and Geu. Taylor falling back,
turns out a humbug ! This is the la-t new.,
and ii is nearer official thati atiy thing we
nave received. Ii is supposed n Irani has
been cut off, but beyoud that nothing is cer-
la
iii.
Brasos St. Jago (Texas),
Noon, Match 5sh, 1S47. J
From tlio Washington Union.
THE LATEST O FFICI A L ACCOUNTS
FROM THE ARMY.
The painful anxiety which now pervade
ihe public mind iu regard to ihn situation of
Gen. i aylor's army, has induced us to ipply
lo the War D p-irlmenl for ihe latest authen
tic information on the cuhject. IVe have
been fu'in-hed' wr.h ihe two followm" de
."patches, the last received from Geo. Taylor,
and we now lay ihem before our readers :
Headquarters Ai toy of Occupation,
Agoa Nueva, IS miles south ot Saltillo,
Febtuary 7, 1S47.
Sir : I changed mv headquartets lo this
place on the 5th iust., b'ingiug forward, iu
the tirsl instance, Ijieiit. Col. May's squad
ron of dragoon, iwii batteries, (Shet man'.t
and Bragg'.-,) aud the regiment of Mississippi
rifletneu. Yesterday the secoud Kentucky
and second and third Indiana regiments
came up, aud will be joined iu a diy or two
by the other l-o -p III and near Saltillo, ex
cept ihe small gii;rison of seven companies
ielt in ihe town.
Although advised by Major General Scott
to evacuate S.diillo, I am confirnit-d in niy
purpose of hoWJnii: not only that poi.it, hut
this position in its front. Not to .penk of
Ihe pernicious moral effect -upon voluuteer
troops of falling hack from points which we
have gained, thee am poweiful inili'ary tea
sous for occupying this extremity of the pas
ralhcr than lbe other. . The scarcity ol wa'vr
and supplies for a long distance iu front
compels the enemy either lo risk mi engage-
me lit iu ihe held, or to bold him-elf aloof
from us ; while, if we tell back ou Monterey,
he could establish himself strongly al Saliil!,
aud be in position to annoy more effectively
our Uaiiks and. our communications.
I bava u intelligence from the interior
more recent or authentic than lhat heretofore
communicated. There is understood to be
no considerable force in our front, nor is it
likely that any serious demoustratiou will be
made in this direction. The frequent alarms
since the middle of December, seem to have
been without subslaii'iul foundation. I am
happy to add that the population of Saltillo is
fast returning to the rity. Under the judici
ous management of Major Warren, a discreet
othVer of Illinois voluoteets, who commands
in ihe town, it is hoped that ihe people may
remaiu quietly in their homes. "
I respectfully inclose copies of statement;
showing the names of tbe officers and men
recently captured by the enemy, as reported
iu rhy despatch No. 11. I am, air, very re
spectfully, your obedient servant,
Z. TAYLOR,
Major Geueral U S army com'dg.
The Adju'aut General of tbe army, Wash
ington, D. C.
Headquarters Army of Occupation,
Agua Nueva, Feb. 14, 1847.
Sir : Since my last despatch of February
7ib, tbe occupation of this position has been
completed by tbeariival of Brig. Gen. Wool
with the remaining corps left in rear. The
troops are now conveniently encamped, and
can readily take up excellent defensive posi
tions when necessary. Everything is quiet
in and anout oaltillo.
lam urging supplies forward as rapidly
as practicable from the rear, and from the
direction of Parr as ; for if joined by a suffi
cient force of the new regiments, I wish to
be able to take advantage of any opportuni
ty that may offer to create a diversion in favor
of Major Gen. Scott's operations. Of those
new, regiments, none have yet been report
ed to me, nor do I know how many to calcu
late upon for service in this quarter. .
I can communicate no very recent intelli
gence from the interior. Up to the 26lh of
January, the Mexican Congress had done
nothing to supply the wants of the army,
which had received nothing for January, and
but half the necessary fuuda for December.'
Rumors reach our caino from' time to rim of
the projected advance of a Mexican force
upon this )osiiion, but 1 think such a move
ment improbable. The command is held at
all times in readiness for the enemy.
Our last official dates from Washington
are to the 10th January. The mail of yes
terday, which brought Washington newspa
pers as late as the 15th, had nothing .frdm'
your office.
I am, sir, very resnectfullv, vour obedient
servant, Z. TAYXOR,
Maj. General U. S. A. commanding.
The Adjutant General of the army, Washing
ton, D. C.
LATEST FROM MEXICO.
New Obleass. March 18.
By the arrival of the schooner Howe, Cap
tain Kinney, horn Tampico, the news from
Mexico heretofore received, so discouraging
and gloomy, is not confirmed. Lieut Q'.
Barry, who came a passenger on board the
Howe, states thai the rumors of a T battle be
tween Gen. Taylor and Santa Anna Were not
all credited, but on the other-h no put down
as false. We have Tampico papers down 'to
the Sd instant, but find in them nothingnew.
V. O. Mercury.
FROM THE PACIFIC.
Letters from Commodore Stockton, dated
at Sati Francisco, October 1st, and at San
Diego. Nov. 23d, 1846, have been received
at the Navy Department.
The officers and crews of ihe squadron
were in fine health and spirits.
Tho Mexican officer in tho territory, with
one or two exceptions, having violated their
oaths, aud again taken up arms g'iiiit ihe
United States, ImI succeeded iu posse.siu:l
themselves of ihe city of the Aug Is. and one
or two other places, border jug ou Soiiora,
which had been previously captured by ihe
American. Upon ieceiving intelligence,
however, of the iiisurie-tion, Com. StH-ktoii
adopted the most prompt and vigorous meas
ures for the recovery id' the places thus t-rkeii,
aud his efforts, which had already been in
part successful, promised to be completely so.
IVashington Union.
Great depatch in the iiecruiting Service.
We learn, from the Adjutant, that Captain
Butler, of the Hd regiment of dragoons, re
port his company of one hundred men, ready
to take the field, and that ii will ernha-k fom
Philadelphia for Point Isabel within ihrre
days, agieeahly to the iiitiuclions published
in --'General Oiders," No. 8, of Ihe 4th in
stant. This is quick woik, and we doubt
not that other companies will soon be ready
to follow ,- hut Cpi. Butler's ha ihe di-tinc-tioii
of being ihe tirsi lecruitcd aud ready for
-ervice. Union.
If the following p iragrnph from Dr. Smith's
Journal does not sufficiently prove ihe bles
sed oliiity of the l.eiheoii, we scarcely think
any further instance can tie needed. To us,
this one rcuinikbhU cute is a good as live
hundred. lioston Transcript.
Insensibility to pain from a Hot Iron. An
exhibition of extiaoidioary interest to human
ity occurred at the Massachusetts General
Hospital on Saturday last. A patient was
presented a man in advanced lile who we
understand, was laboring under paraplegia,
having its origin iu a caries of the lower dor
sal veifcb'.i for which Or. Warren proposed
the actual cautery. Alter the patient had in
haled the hlheon, Dr. Warren ion an iron
rod, heated to a uhitn hetf, tn tho length ot
about two feci, op aud !owhi the hack, each
side of ihe spine bo n ing two lines on one
side and one on the lherr aiwi thru carried
it zigag across, between tShe spinous pro-ces-e,
the same distance. l be patient dur
ing this process was ho!ly onxmoscious ol
p to, under the severest test to which he could
le subjected thai of a hot ir u applied to
the naked skin.
Mr Calhoun met his fellow citizens of
Charleston, at the theatre in that rity, which
ivas pat ked full lo meet and greet him. The
two lower tiers were filled with ladies. Mr
Calhouti addressed them at some leugtkv
Judge Martin's Will. The wilk f the
late Judge Martin was recently tierWed null
and void; not a bt been slated- in some ol
ihe city press on acrouiel of fbe blwiduess
of the testator T hot in cnsqtieiiee of an ap
parent understanding between the testator and
the legatee lhat tbe properly hoiild be sold
and a large part of lh proceeds sent to per.
sons living in France, without paying tbe
Slate Ih? usual tax of leu per cent., which tbe
State laws require iu such cases. The tes
tator, "being anxious to leave none of his
property to strangers,1' had long conned ibis
subject over lu his mind, aud brought the
whole power of his thoughts to. bear upon it,
thereby intending to save neatly the sum of
$53,IKJU, which would otherwise go into the
Slate Treasury. . ! - .
Col. Cushing, of the Massachusetts Vol
unteer regiment, passed through Wilmington
on Friday last, on the way to join his .regi
ment in Mexico, that having gone by sea.
Chronicle. . ' 1.
THE OPINION OF A CONGRESSMAN.
The following is from lire Hon LewisLevin,
Member of Congress, trom rhe first - Conre.
s onal Dietrict, Pa., and formerly Editor of the
Philadelphia San : "
In bearing oar bumble t rttmony.to the virtues
of the Expectorant, we do nor stand alone. Thou
sands in this citr attest its curative powcrr, and
allhouoh oppos d to the use of what are termed
"(doack medicines," generally, yet, when-as in
this cue, we have felt the benefit of the remedy
when, as we freely ackaowlede, we keep it con.'
stantly in our family, as a certain and prompt rem
edy for Croup or Coughs, we subserve the inter.
est of society, when we ttate such facts to pasl'ic
Tbe misrepresentation of interested individual.
ha ye forced th.s explanation upon as, which we
crtecriuiiy give." LEWIS U. LEVIN.
Prepared only by Drv D. Jarne, Philadelphia
and sold on. agency by S t HINSDALE..
REGULATIONS OF THE-pHw"
FICE DEPARTMENT forthf V'
msnt ifthtcts ofCongreis of
r aM Sd of March, 1847 .- J l" 2.
Altldeuuty postmasters are autw.-
end free, through tbe mails, all letters
packages not weighing over; two ourJ!'1
which they may have occasion to rj,
or of the Post Office Department, ii
thereon "post office business," and tigU-,J5
their names thereto And those hoeCftR
pensation did not exceed $200 for ihe yea"
cudiug tbe 30th of June, 1846, may alsoienJ
free, through the mails, letters written by them,
selves, aud receive free all wryttel cmrnUni".
cations, on their own private busines, Dot
weighing over one-half ounce-
Members of Congress and' delegates from
1 err iioiies may send and receive free, ihroupW
.......... r, ... miny oays ueiore me com-
tnencement of each Congress, until lbe meet,
ing of the next Congress, letters and pack,
ages not exceeding two ounce in weight, sr
public documents uot exceeding three poutMU
in w eight. Public documents are those priuf.
ed by. the order of either houe of Coi,g f(M
aud publications or books procured or purcha!
ed by Cogre,or either byuae, for the use of
The members.
The same privilege allowed to members
of Congress, is extended "lohe Sect etmy
of lbe Sonata and the Gleiks of tbe House of
Representat ives dor ing ,theirr official leimt,
which terminate with the election, of Jaeir suc
cessors. The privilege of the Vice President is en.
Iirgt-d, so that he may send aud receive froe,
put die document, during his official trrm.
IV-ro s eiiMth d l the privilege of I'rattk
ing should endorse ou all tellers or p-t Kmcc.
weighing uuder li nonces, rr-e,' nn.
iti the Siii ne, drMgiiHting the ffi c thrv
till,- aud all public d-iin.eiii hit h em
two ounces iu weight should he designated
by wrilling the words "publir: dm-omenls1' on
Ihem, and signing Ihem officinlly as ahovr.
The chancier of public document-issued
from the public nlH-'e in ihe city ' Washing
Ion aud di.eclerl lo wron iiuth riz"d lo n
reive them (re my ha designated r) a
st.ioi peril ing ths rdliew from which thry
isjue, and the wtuds "pidlic document-," or
such other evideiice of i heir rhnrNCter us- may
agreed upon between them and the postmas
ter of the city of Washington. Any docu
ment folded aud sealed, not having such evi
deuce of its character ou the envelope, w ill
be tilled uith postnge, whi b will he rrmiltcil
try the drlivermg poslmsiicr, upon -salistacti-ry
evidence lhat it is n puldic d.coineoi, tmri-mi-iible
fee through tn: mails to the person
atldresed. t
AU newspapers, transmitted th'ough ihe
rriuils will tie hereafter ruled with pnrtngr, ex
ept ex hiuge papers hetweeti the puhli-h-M
tdu'Wp;ipeis, mid those lraokd by perou
enjoy in Ihe privilege; and coutrwetms rrmy
lake uewspapeis out of ihe. mail, fr sale or
di.-trlbulioii among subscribers-
Tiatii'ieiit newnp.iper, or those n t nt
f-oiii lbe rdfice !' puldication to subscrib-!-,
hand-bills ir circul.ir letters printed r litho
graphed, not exceeding one ht in iz,
will pay 3 cents, upon delivery at ihe i-rhVe
aud Itrtitre they ate put in the mnlfs, and all
such n ill he charged hy deputy poMuiantcrs
as ptcpaid matter in Ihe wuy bill aud upon
theii accounts of mails sent, mid -otninpt d or
mnrked "paid ' with the name of the tfliro
I'k. m hich sent.
Tranirnt nevt spnpers, handbills, ot circu
lars, cannot be received free by deputy post
masters under their piivilege. If such hoiild
he nddre-cd lo them, it is their duty to return
dicrn under h new cover, marked widi
letter po.age. Il'dcpoilrrl in a poM fli e
ouculed, addresscii lo deputy postmarteip or
othi r-, they will not in any ca-e lorwnrd
ed by mail w iihoui j-r j)ayrriciit of the po-
Inge. If sealed rhey will be rated with lettrr
postage aud for w aided iu the mails.
Letters addressed to dillert ni persons
cannot be enclosed in ihe S'line t nvt h-pc or
package under a pn ity of teti dollar, uit
less addressed lo for i go coun'ries.v
Leller, newspapers, and )ackage net
exceeding one ounce in the weight, address
ed to any officer.; mu-ician, o private in the.
army of the United States in Mexico, or at
any post or place on the frontier of the Uni
ted State bordering ou Mexico, tH pass
free in the mails. ICach letter so addressed
should specify afler the name of the person,
belging to the army.'' The Jaw will
continue in force during the war with Mexi
t w aud.fec hree months after the termination.
- Extra, commissions allowed deputy post
master by the order of the 9th.of July, 1845,
a e superseded by the act of the 3d of Mareh,
The eammissions a I lower by the 24th
station. of the net of the 3d sf March, 1945,
ar repcaJedi, aod other rates allowed by the
1st section of rhe act ol the 1st of marehy
1847, in lieu of them, as follow :
On the amount of letter po-tage, not ex
ceeding $100 iu any one yeari'SO per cent.
On any sum between ilirOO- and $400 TtV
any year, 33l per cent. -,u.- r ' '
On any sum over $2,400 in . a year, 121
percent.
On the amount of letters and packets re
ceived for distribution at offices designated
by the Postmaster General for that purpose,
7 per cent.
I he term letter postage include! all
postages received, rxcept those which arise
from newspapers, sent from the office of the
publishers to subscribers, and from pam
phlets and magazines so that all prepaid
postage upon transient papers, hand bills.
and circulars, printed or lithographed, will
te treated as letter postage in the settlement
ot accounts of postmasters.
. Oi a 1L sums arising' from the postage on
newspapers. Magazines, and pamphlets, 50
pe cent. C. JOHNSON, Postmaster Cenl.
March 12, 1847. '
Single copies of any daily or weekly paptr,
purchased at the office of publication, and
mailed with the regular mails from such office,
do not come withiu the section requiring pre
payment of postage, or the payment of tbe in
creased postage of three cents ; but, like
Ihe papers of regular yearly subscribers, they
will be legulatly taken by the firit mail to their,
several destinations.