North Carolina Newspapers

1'tfUL.ISHEn BVERr SATURDAY1 In advance, per year,$3 00 Not paid in advance, S 50 Not paid until six months have expir ed' . , 3U0 Not paid till the year has expired, 350 No subscription received u Aess ume than a year, unless the price be paid in advance. " CHARACTfiR is AS IMPORTANT TO STATES AS IT IS TO INDIVIDUALS; AND THE GLORY OF. THE STATE IS THE COMMON PROPERTY OF ITS CITIZENS." BY WIVI. XX. BAYItfE. j FAYETTEVILLE, SATURDAY, JULY 22, 1848. COMMISSION MERCHANT GENERAL AGENT, lVILMINGTOSf, X. C. 100,000 Acres Valuable TIMBER LAND FOR SALE. vox. 9 no. 491. TBMUKB OF AOVBSTXOZrro : One square of twenty-ona lines or lew, for one inser tion, 60 cents ; every sub sequent insertion, 30 cents except it remain in for sev eral months, when it will be charged $3 for two months, g&l for three. &c. $10 for twelve months. Liberal deductions for laree advertisements - - - y the year or six months. T IlIE Subscriber has purchased all the Lands belou;.jiii to the estate of Abram Dubois, dee'd, lym principally in Robeson county, and on both sides ol Lumber rirer, the different sur veys containing ovei ONE HiJNDJtED THOU SAND AC!IIS; a 1 irge part finely timbered, and convenient to Lumber river, where a large cpiantity of Timber is now rafted to tjie George town market. These lands are very valuable both for Timbei and Turpentine, for which pur pose a 1 ire p.rt is well suited, bein in a region 'where the Turj.enti no yields rnre abundantly than any Hllier sectina u" the State. The hinds will be sold at a low price, and in .quantities to suit purHnsers Inform itio. i respe-t i tb title can be cbtuin- !,.. Kiui T!,.l.,..f tinrra T f , Smith. F.sq., Attorneys at WANTED ! 20.000 Flour Carrel Staves; 10.000 Hoops. Jan. la.. 1S4S. GEO. McNEILL Has opened a large and NEW STUCK OF Principally HARDWARE AND CROCKERY, With a neat assortment ot DRY GOODS, Which he will sell for the lowest prices Sept. 1, lo?47. 41G-tf. NEVi A. A i Dubbin, Ksq Law. I un b r.taiid there are many trespassers on the-e land-', to all f whom notice is hereby jriven that the law will beeufjreed against tdl such of . fenders. ' A pplicat ion for any part of the 1 mils can be ma le t y myself, oi to John Wiuslow, Esq., who will be duly authorized to make sale of the same. rilOMAS J. CURTIS. M.u-ch 1, i Slo tf. TIMBER AGENCY. IHK uni'.ersiirned will attend ti the selling of Timber in Wilmington; and whenever 'there is a " y;lut" in the market, J. C. lilocker will liv't it his perrsoual attention at other times, orders for the sale of Timber will prompt ly he despatched yp addressing W. &, T. Love who will act in mv aUseuce. It luinctunlitv in makiif' returns will ensure patronage, then thev hope to receive a share. J. C. 1 SLOCK Eli & CO. Wii.mincto.v, Sept , 117. -MD-Iv. AND CHEAP GOODS. JAMES KYLE HAS just received hid Spring sujjily of DRY GOODS tinwux which are Superfine Cloths and Cassiiwrcs, inliam ami Calicoes. Printed Lawns and NTuslins. Irish Linen, f awns and Diapers, Domestics. :i-4 to 12-4. l.h li'd and l.rovrn, ott-m and thread I.acf and Kdiring. . Silk and Cotton Handkerchiefs. Drab De-tlte and Summer Cloth, Alpacea. cotton and silk w:ti. I.arre silk Shawls and dress do. 1! inuut. cap and tall'-ta llibboiis. ' Lcjrhorn. straw, and othrr Ilouuvt;, Anker Bolting Cloths. No. 1 to 10. With many other f roods. -all of which being purchased ty the package fur cash, will he offered at reduced prices, by wholesale or retail. . FayettcviUe, March 25. 1S48. LIBERTY POINT MOT E1L. FIIIE TlTie Camden AX1) MARINE INSURANCE. Com- 1 118H raucc I:my ol" N. J. NEAR PHILADELPHIA 5Z)33 $100,000. 11. I.. liUCKLV. Sec y. 11 W. OODF.N, rros't. The undersize d. Ajicut of t his ( ompauy. has received assnrarues that this Company is conducted by some of the most wealthy and i nfi iieutial Jersey men. and is second to none in tile I niuii of the same capital. He will take tire and marine risks oil as favorable terms as any other Com 1iliiv. - JNO. -M. HOSE, Agent. Kavtteville. March 1. IS-I. KKVKU N'I) A(iUE CURED WITHOUT FAIL. SHAW'S PILLS Arv an infallible remedy for this disease. Call and pur rhasc a box of these .''ills, if you are troubled with Fever iin-I Au"i". He deems it unnecessary to give any of the numerous testimony he possesses as regards the cllicacy of his Tills, but would request the public to give them a trial. If they do not cure. th money will be refuuded. provided lirectioiis are followed. Km-sale at the NKW DHUU STORE; under Lafayette Hotel. Hay street. Price. 7-"i cents per box. with full directions. .March l'". ISIS. Cm. WILD CHEIiUV AND S A J 1 S A P A IJ I L L A PILLS. 1)11. LF. BOV. a Licentiate of the Royal College of Phys icians in London, havingused iu his private practice, for a naiu'eT of years, the U lLl) CHKRTIV AND SARSAPARILLA. at length made an extract of them, which with other veg etables, he has combined in one f the best Tills ever made kiiom to the K.uropean Community, and which met the attention of the American people. They are the most c'heaciotis purgative and tonic yet discovered. TllK WILD C11KKRV is an excellent, tonic. posesi ng a:-t ringent and aromatic properties, which make it valuable in Dyspepsia. Jauudice. Weakness of the Stomach and chest. T 1 1 r. S VllS ArARI t.L A is demulcent, diuretic and soothing, and is given In Rheu-m.iti-ia. Scrofula, iliscases of the kin. and to eradicate t he leel ell'ects of Mercury. In the operations of all other purgative medicines debilitation and purification go hand in Inn 1 : t liev remove the good, as well as the bad : thus we-tk.-uiag the system, which they were only required to cleanse, a nd making the cure generally almost as bad. and frequently much worse than the disease. Dr. Le Hoy's l iiis. on "tils- contrary, strengthen and tone the system which they purge and purity. And this is their peculiar attribute, and the principal cause of their unrivalled popu l irir v. ! . The virtues of the Sarsaparilla nnd Wild Cherry are too well known to medical men and the community to re -iiirc further detail. x;j iTice -" cuts per box. Koi sale by S. J. Hinsdale agent. April S-ly. FOE SALS3. H.-st I'hil uleli.hia ami rrt'Mch' Call' Skin--, Boot PAYETTEVILLE, N. C The Subserilier having leased the Ilous formerly known as the Jackson Hotel, and more recently a. the Oregon Hotel, in the town of Fayetteville. gives notice to the pub lie in general, that it is now open for the accommodation of hoarders and travellers. His table wiil ti supplied with the Itest fare which our market affords, and his barroom with the most choice liquors in short, every exertiou will be made to render Ids patrons comfortable. Particular at tention will be paid to horses of those who may favor him with a call. From bis determination to please all. if he can. he hopes to gain, as well as merit, a share of public patronage THOS. II. -MASSEV. Pabruary 10. tSJS. UJ3W IDliilX CUCDCDLD25q &c- I understanding may be established, and WM. McINTYRE Has received from the north, a large assortment of desira ble Dry CJoods. comprising floor oil cloth, matting, carpet ing, -window and chimney shades, bouse and bordering pa per, nuraware, xanie ana pecket knives, spoons, scissors. steelyards, reap hooks, scythe blades, epades. shovels, and lorks. coffee mills, sets of weights, Collins' axes, hand hatch ets; coopers', blacksmiths', and carnenters' Tools: round shaves and files-, single anil double barrel guns; percussion caps; gun mms; L, m ureilas, shoes, hats, pepper, Fpice ginger, mace, cloves, cinnamon, mustard, table salt. teas. loaf, clarified and brown Sugars: 20 bbls No 3 Mackerel: 10 "Bus AJess fork; Uacon. large sides April 22, 1848. ' 3m . TUB. notes and. bonds received by me at the dissolution of the firm of CJai dner & McKethan. which remain, unpai i. together will all other evidences of debt held by me. have been lodged with Mr A. McLean, at the IiaukofCape Fear, for collection, and all those indebted are reouested 10 miiKf payment as cany as possible. C. T. GARDNER. May 27. 1 84S. 4S4-tf State of North Carolina, Cumberland county. Court of Pleas & Qu. Sessions, 'June Term, IS IS. James B. Burroughs, David Burroughs, Louisa Burroughs; et al, versus D. G. McRne and J. W. Powers, administrators of Zed. Burroughs, Elizabeth Burrcuirhs. Joshua Burroughs, et al. Tetition for account and distribution. It appeal ino; to the satisfaction of the Court: that the defendants Elizabeth Burroughs and Jo shua Burroughs are not inhabitants of tin's State, it is ordered by the Court that publication be made for six weeks, in the North Carolinian, no tifying the s;iid Elizabeth and Joshua to be and appear at our Court of Pleas and Quarter sessions to be held tor the county of Cumberland, at the Court House in Fayetteville, on the first Monday iu September next, and plead, answer or demur to the petition, or judgment pro confesso will be rendered, and the cause set for hearing ex parte as to mem. Witness, John McLanrin, clerk of said court. at office, the first Monday in June, A. D.. J S is. -lOO-Ot JOHN McLAURIN. JUST RECEIVED, f000 Lbs. prime N. C. BACON, for s;.le bv July l.. I'JO-.-Jt. COOK &. POWELL. frTH N0 1 MACKEREL in barrels and 41 quarter barrels, NO 3 do do do ALSO, on consignment. 10 barrels ML'LLETS. July 15 y COOK &. TAYLOR TEAS ! .igi-:j"cv of the jvkiv york CANTON TEA COMPANY. The oldest Establishment in America! THIS CANTON TEA COMPANY t noi.ul; known for manv veara Tliis is Mw largest and obtest Establishment in America. lie public nave uau iun prooi tf their integrity and responsibility. They possess facilities, in relation to tne lea iraue. jn a very abundant aegrew. ana uouoiiess, superior w any other Tea Concern in America- Their scrupulous regard to all principles that tend to derate the character of a larjrc house, is well understood, and lias alreaday secured them a connection, probably, larger than all other lea Establishments united. ud they consequently are deter mined to sell Tear purer, more fr;t:;i-ant. and perfect for the prices in the aggregate, than any house m tue woriu China excepted. Thev most zealously mvite the attention ot tne in habitants of this town and vicinity to their Agency' where complete- assortments are always on hand; they leel no hesitation m stating t Hat wlierever a single irai is mane. a very decided preference is given lo mc ceieoraieu cas ofthe CANTON TEA CO. fjjj- Reader . make the experiment! bubject m all cases to he returned ol not appro en oi. These superior teas are put up in one pound, half pound, nd iiiarter pound packages, and purfectly secured from ght and air, SA.ML. J. HINSDALE. Agent. December 4. 1847. 4-VJ-tf. R. W. Hardie, ........ 4- .1 . . .. . . . 1 . ' has resumed the bookbiiidintr busi ness at the new store next door to Mr Beasley. Jeweler. where he will receive and execute binding in any stylo desired- TO RENT. A new ami pleasant Summer Residence on llaymount. near the A rsenal. with a well of fine water and necessary -iPI"i 4fln-t.f. out-houses. July 15. y soon to J. W. POWERS. For Dyspepsia- it. F. I11BBARI) & CO'S WlLiD C11EK- II Y BITTERS. This preparation is a certain Sedative allayiri"; 11 Nervous Excitabilit rritatiou Palpitaticni of Morocco, I'aiicy April 15, is H. and Pink Linings JNO. M. HOSE. -17-tt -ii Mis That beautiful residence on Hayniouut. for merlv belonging to C. I'. .Mallet t. Es-i . near the residence of Mr Hale, is offered tor sale. It has stables an I out-houses of all kinds ; and everything in complete order. This resilience is so well known, and in so commanding a site, overlooking the town, that fur ther particulars are unnecessary. Enquire at the Caroli nian wince. June 10. 1S4S. 4So-tf. THE EFFICACY OF Dll. This will certify that 1 was was reeommend- AN OTHER PROOF OF J AWE'S II tilt TONIC. entirely bald for about three years, when I was reeommend it,o h. i..vi...' Hxir Tonic. 1 procured two bottles f Mr Mason, in Somervill. and using the Tonic for about lifteeu months, my hair came in all over my head. and. al though not quite as thick as before yet it is constantly "rowiu" This surprising restoration of my hair has excit te t the"astonishment of all my acquaintances, and made me In object of curiosity to many Jn am now 5o years of age and hare reason to regard the inventor of this matchless Hair Tonic as a public benefactor. New Gerinantown. N. J 5 ov. -. GULC. NO CURE. NO PAY! FEVER AND AtJUK-Jayno'. Ague arewarrant- od to cure the worst forms- of tever Hd,Ae money will refunded in all cases if they fail to cure but they ncyor do fail. (tf7-AMONG THE THOUSAND AND ONE MEDI CINES advertised as "certain cures for all pulmonary complaints, Jayne a Expectorant stands alone- Its patn to public confidence has been paved not with puns nut cures; and the vouchers for its efficacy include an arrary ol names which for character and respectability, cannot be (surpassed in this country. Dr. Jayne. being himself a physician, docs not profess to perform physicial impossi bilities as for instance, to cure a man whose lungs are like a honey-comb, completely riddled, as it were, by dis eases, but he docs assert, and we believe he is borne out by well authenticated facts, that in all diseases ofthe longs and chest which are susceptible of cure without miracu lous interference, his Expectorant will restore the pa- " rpSSSy hy Dr. D. Jayne, Philadelphia, and sold on agency by S. J. Hinsdale. JUST RECEIVED, lot of Oranges, Lemons, and Cocoanuts, For sale at PRIOR'S. the Hcnrt Dizziness ot the Head Kaintriess, and all diseases arising from a Sympathetic Affection of the Stomach, are ntirely relieved by a very lew doses oi inee 1 ITT Kits. It his already become a favorite with many Mc- licul Practitioners. The 11 ev. J. N. M..1IU, who has used it, speaks of it as follows : hiooKi.yrsr, Jan. 1 17. Gentlemen; Having sui'.i-red for years from the etleets of sedentary h bits and close applica tion to study, I w.iS indu.-ed to try your prepara tion of Vild Cherry. Its beneficial effects v. ere soon ;i-v rc it, nnd I t:ke great pleasure in re commending it as an excellent medicine especia lly ..d .pted to excitable temperaments, and one tiutt sliould be generaiiN ko-. .i .-nu jMum3ui. Yours. J. NEWLA.M) .MA1T1TT. The Long ILmd (X. Y.) Farmer, up . per prin ted at Jamaica, L. I. gives the names ot person in that village who have been benefited and cured bv its use 'The following named persons have been bene fitted bv their use in J:,in.,ica: M. lluntting. Tames J. Drenton, Cluulcs Welling, Hendrici A. Ilendrickson, J. K. Allt-maiid, Mr Manwanng ; Daniel Higbie, Springfield. ii;?J-anrs 1 1 1M Cherry Bit ft -.v. Three obstin ate cases of Fever and A-ue, li ve been cured re cent lv bv tire use of i 1 ibb ud's Wild Cherry Bit--.rs Mr Yv'ntts, at Springfield, says that it cur ed' iiim ; Iter other remeilies irad been tried in vain. 13. F. Hibbard's Bilious Pills, should be taken, s iv a deseortwo, before using the Bitters. Two of these pills are a dose, and are equal to 4 or C pills of any other kind. Mr Ward, of the firm of Gales Stout & Ward of this city savs that he has found it very beneficial in a severe attack of fever and ague. The number of persons that have been cured and bene fited in Jamaica alone, would establish the reputa tion of the article. - S. J. HINSDALE Agent for Fayetteville ; P. F. Pescud, Raleigh; P. J. Brown, Louisburg; B. Howard, Tarboro; Dennis Heart, Hillsboro. R. F. Hibbard & Co. 1S John street. N. Y., sole proprietors. October 0, 1847. MEDICINE. Saml. J. Hinsdale DRUGGIST & APOTHECARY, Comer of Market Square, H S on hand a full supply of Fresh and Genuine DRUGS, Medicines' and Cliemicals, Which hV offers to .tfSWK prices. His leme re of the t", (7kn)icu m purchased in the noruiora citi ana phu-delpbia, and from the first laboratories m London. Fnuaaerpnia, ana Paris All the Pharmaceutical compounds Bold oy o. J. tt. are prepared by himself wjjli accuracy. .:. Medicines sold to go intolhe country wn 1 be P at up care and despatch Feb y 5; 148. SPEECH OF HON. A. W. VENABLE, OF NORTH CAROLINA, In the House of Representatives, June 1, 1848, in committee of the whole, upon the power of Congress to legislate tipon the subject of Slavery in the Territories. Mr Ve liable said : Mr Chairman : The extent to which Congress may exercise legislative authori ty over the territories of tiic United States, , has become a subject of most absorbing in j terest. It is felt to be so in every portion j of our country has been the source of ! deep feeling and agitating debate, and will continue to excite and disturb the repose of the country until definite action shall fix a conclusion for the popular mind. . This subject, Mr Chairman, has become one of great practical importance, and I avail my.-elf of this occasion to present my views to the committee and the country to assert the rights of my constituents and the State which I in part represent, to the common property of all the people of all the States. A convention recently held at lialeigh, speaking the sentiments of the Democracy of North Carolina, most dis tinctly asserted their opposition to the doc trines recently made prominent, by their tendency to restrict the occupation ofthe territorial possessions of the United States to those citizens. who reside in States where slavery tloes not exist. The clear and temperate but decided manner in which their detei initiation to resist such opinions is expressed, admonish me of the propriety of urging their wishes upon this House whilst 1 assure you that their conclusions are not referable to impetuosity in action, nor have they been rash in their adoption. Their history is that of a quiet, reflecting people, never involved in the vortex of high party impulse patient of wrongs, when the remedy was to be seen in the funda mental laws of the country devoted to the Union and the Constitution ready to make sacrifices w here prudence or patriot ism required them, but never willing to abandon either their principles or their rights; always ready to assert them as pa triots should, but always expecting that enlightened" statesmanship, and the high sense of justice w hich should characterize their fellow-citizens who were called to legislate for our common 'country, would accord to them whut was due, and remedy or remove any cause of complaint. In asking the indulgence of the commit tee whilst I endeavor to argue this question, I sincerely hope that I may be believed when I declare that my purpose is not to agitate but to compose to pour oil on the waters which have been troubled to pre sent no useless and distracting issues, nor to place our friends in the north and west in a false position before their constituents. We desire no sacrifices of the kind; we on ly ask for the guarantees ofthe Constitu tion; and we feel assured that we shall not ask in vain. I trust, sir, that I shall be able to present such a view of this question, that all of us may at least acquiesce in tak ing a position which secures the honor of all, and does equal justice to all ; that it good peace and good-will be restored to our de liberations. The hens ol a common in heritance, won bv the sacrifices and the valor of ancestors! or accumulated by the progress of our own greatness, should nev er descend from their hijrh station to wrangle "about the partition, or permit fol ly to estrange those who ought to be bound together by the most sacred bonds.' - nil tins view, sir, 1 declare that we are content to abide the Missouri compro mise; not thatwc believe that Congress had any right to annex any such condition, or to enact any such law; but the compromise having been made and acquiesced in tor near thirtv years, there is no rurnose en tertained by any southern statesman to dis turb it now. If this compromise would adjust this difference, if it would compose tins trouble, we are content to abide it. and the renewal of its operation recognized by the laws admitting -Texas into the Union, and adjusting its territorial limits. I ii doing this, and entering our protest as to the power of Congress to make the com promise, we say to our fellow citizens of the non-slaveholding States, We have made larire concessions: we have ffiven unalaro-e territory, to which our slaveholders can not remove ; we have consented to make it exclusively yours; whilst we have placed no restriction to prevent you from the oc cupation ofthe territories to which we are permitted to tome. This concession abrid ges our rights, without the promise of a consideration; it enlarges yours, without any equivalent being paid by you ; yet, for peace, harmonv, and good-will, we have acquiesced, and will continue to acqui esce; and are now willing that the same parallel of latitude may be recojrnized un- .. . .. . -. . til it reach the lJacihc shore, if that is the last concession which shall be demanded. And here let me ask gentlemen, when, in the history of our national progress, did any southern statesman invade the institu tions ofthe North? When were demands made for peculiar or exclusive privileges, from which any other citizens of our com mon country were excluded? If this be true, we ask that the offensive doctrine of the VV ilmot proviso be withdrawn from the Oregon bill; that this obstruction be re moved from the progress of that measure. The whole country is above the parallel of 56deg. 30 min , and is within the spirit ciaiVl UlVUllltlg V9 a lla ill 193VI Va t a 1 . Why do they seek to annex this feature to the bill? Is it to obtain another precedent to shake the chains in our faces, and teach the South the humiliating truth that they are powerless whenever a bare ma jority of votes can be ootained here? Can any good result from this policy, either in the advance of national prosperity or the cultivation of kind and patriotic feelings in our great family? Permit me, sir, to say, with all respect, in such a work as tins, demagogues find their proper occupa tion, agitators their appropriate employ ment. The petty politician, whose hori zon is circumscribed by the events of a single campaign, whose little heart is filled to overflowing with but small success, may labor in such a cause with ardor and with zeal; but the elevated statesman, the high sou led patriot, whose enterprise is his country's glory, whose vision, extending to future ages, looks through the vista, and realizes ail of happiness, prosperity, inevitable tendency to diminish the happi ness of the people", and to endanger the stability and permanence of the Union, and ought nofto be countenanced by any friend of our political institutions." " Lan guage which most strikingly illustrates the folly, as well as the deplorable conse quences, of assuming the right of Congress to mtertere witn this relation a Ueclara tion which, if adopted and sustained in good faith, in all its intent and must forever remove from all our delibera tion and intercourse this exasperating dif ficulty. If the right of Congress to legis late in the premises be granted, then the 1 1 ..II V wnoie question is settled. l here is no limit but their discretion, no safety but the clemency of a majority. But, sir, the fra mors oi mat instrument were wise men, whose profound sagacity and immaculate virtue, combined with a patriotism unsur passed in all human history, qualified them to guard the infancy of the nation which sprung into existence by their prowess, as wen as to provide lor the development ot that greatness w hich they distinctly fore saw. JNo aspect ol the future ecaned their observation, no contingency which might arise was omitted iu their provisions; and it is to this Constitution that we refer to adjust this question and fix the princi ples on winch, I trust, we may all agree. 1 he extent of legislative power over the territories of the Uhted States, which may be constitutionally exercised by Congress, is to be found in the third section of the fourth article of the Constitution, which provides that Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory and other property of the U. States; and nothing in this constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice the claims of the U.&tates or ot any particular State. 1 he clear and unquestionable meaning of which must be, that territory is regarded as pro perty, and the rules and regulations refer red to are sucn as shall be necessary to make the territories and other property available. Any rule not needful for this purpose is contrary to the intent and mean ing ofthe provision. No person can sup pose that the words dispose of" can have any meaning by which Congress shall have power to waste, to cede away, or otherwise render the territories of the U. States un available for the great purpose of supply reasoning T .tho liaflftffll ti-nO.Dli K.r na-tl Z T to the wanlS'urtnenpeupruOi'tti'VyiUAVWr other construction of those words and renown, which union, and love, and concert among his countrymen shall secure, will frown upon the first effort to mar the harmony and destroy the confidence of his countrymen in each other. His reward will be rich : it will be the gratitude of pos terity. I trust, sir, that the Oregon bill will be passed ; that it will not be delayed by this unnecessary proviso ; that the cry of distress, which reaches us from the miseries of savage warfare may be forever hushed, by sending promptly a territorial government and a military force to their immediate relief. I have said thus much, sir, in passing, in relation to the Missouri compromise and its legitimate results, as tendering one platform on which we all can stand, both North aiul South r the South, indeed, shorn of some of her privileges, but willing to concede them for tranquility and repose; yielding, but with a proteslando; acquiesc ing in, but not approving, the means, or acknowledging the right to enact it. But, sir, the consummation of a peace with Mexico, ('which, I suppose, may now be considered a fixed fact,) presents this ques tion in an interesting and practical posi tion before us, involving most important results, and leading directly to the devel opment of the policy to be adopted in rela tion to the territories ofthe United States. We are called upon to meet the question directly, and to decide whether the Wit mot proviso shall be brought to bear upon the territorial acquisitions ofthe Mexican war, or in what other manner this vexed question is to be settled. And here, sir, permit me to say, that I adopt the doctrine of non-intervention on the part of Congress in its fullest extent. As 1 deny the right of Congress to legis late slavery into existence in any territory of the United States, so I also deny the right to forbid it. I adopt the language of the resolution of the late Baltimore Con vention, as meeting my approbation : That all efforts of the abolitionists, or others, to induce Congress to interfere with questions of slavery, or to take in cipient steps thereto, are calculated to lead to the most alarming and dangerous conse quences, and that all such efforts have an Any might transfer the treaty-making power lo Congress, and give authority to cede away the public domain. It is true, that the power to acquire territory implies the power to govern it when acquired ; but it is also true, that such government must be in accordance with the Constitution. But Congress does not acquire territory. The people of the United States acquire it, and have the right to govern it, and have limited Congress, as their trustee, in the name of Government, by the Constitution. Congress could have no power to establish religion or to create titles of nobility in the territories, because expressly denied by the Constitution; and when the laws of the United States are extended over a ter ritory, it must be understood that the Con stitution and laws are so extended, and that nothing repugnant to the Constitution can be in force as a law. 1 know that it is asserted, and that by southern statesmen, that Congress has unlimited pow.ef of legis lation over the territories; but it this be true, then Congress may by law, commit the entire government of the persons and property in territories to the will of a single individual, and thus present the anomaly of a despotism created and sustained by the Constitution itself, a conclusion, so mon strous as only to require the annunciation to carry home the conviction of its fallacy to every mind. (See note A, Appendix.) There can be no doubt of this proposition, that whatever was property when the Fed eral Government ca.ne into existence, under our Constitution, so far as that Gov ernment is concerned, must ever remain property. The States, as sovereigns, alone can alter the rights of things within their own jurisdiction, anil that by virtue of their sovereignty. The Federal Government is therefore bound to consider as property all that was so considered at its adoption, and the Constitution guaranties the enjoy ment of that property in tranquillity and security to all the holders, so far as the laws of the United States are operative in the premises. And this - is true whenever that property is placed under the jurisdic tion of the laws of the United States. Now, the territories are the public domain, the common property of all the citizens of all the States acquired by the expenditure of the common purse, or purchased by the valor of our people, without reference to geographical distinctions, or domestic mun icipal regulations. It follows, then, that in the territories of the United States, even before an organized government is institut ed, the Constitution and laws recognize the right of property; for none can for a moment assume that the territories of the United States are without law, or that it is necessary that a temporary government should exist to bring them under the opera tion flaw. (See note B.) The Govern ment is bound to protect them from inva sion and injury, because they are the pro perty of the United States". Then the question arises what is the effect of the organization of a territorial government upon the right of property amongst the inhabitants of the territory so placed under organic law? If the previous be correct, before such organization all the citizens of the United States had an equal right to go into the territories, and carry with them those subjects recognized as pro perty by the Constitution. If this right be either weakened or destroyed, it must be Irom the effect of territorial organization. In order to give that effect, that organiza tion must communicate the attribute of sovereignty, or be itsel f the act of a sover eign power. We then inquire, is the Con gress ofthe United States sovereign? or a to what subjects is it sovereign? No one can claim sovereignty, per set for a delegat ed authority. So far an power is delegated, so far is its operation final and complete, and no further. The Constitution, with abundant caution, guarJs this point, by de claring, that whatever power is not ex pressly ceded by the States in that instru ment, is reserved to the State respectively and the people of the States: thus declar ing that the Federal Government is a mere trustee for the sovereign States of this Con federacy, with well-defined and strictly limited powers. If, then, all the citizens of all the States had a right to go with their property upon the public domain before territorial organization; if Congress most regard as property whatever was so regard ed by the States adopting it, then it follows that a territorial organization can give Con- '.ss no powers which it did not before possess under the Constitution. If Con gress does not possess the power, then no relation created by la'.v with the hub it arts. of a territory docs communicate that pow er to either party. It has been said, with much plausibility. that territorial legislatures have exercised) powers denied to Congress under the Con stitution; that they have granted bank char ters and created corporations: that thev lave borrowed money upon the faith of the territorial government, and exercised other acts of sovereignty. Conceding the accura cy ot this statement ot facts, nothing is proved but that the territorial government diil what' Congress disapproved of, and that which they were not authorized te do The creation of a corporation- i one of the highest acts of sovereignty, for it is creat ing a legal owner to property invested with the rights of a person an authority deni ed to Congress, because not specified in the powers of which this Federal Govern IWtf.ieol ArV,!?rev.&JA assumes, that under territory and accepted by the inhabitants, the powers of Congress are enlarged, and! that by the approbation of such an act of a territoral legislature, Congress may r by implication, charter a bank, which it could not do directly by its own action. Debts contracted by a Territory upon its faith and credit are of no legal obligation upon the people of that Territory after it has become a State. And if Congress have transcended tlveir power in legislating iov any territory, the argument derived from this usurpation is met by the maxim, thai an evil usage must be abolished. Iam aware there must arrive a time when the power of complete sovereignty shall be ex ercised, which time, Ishall beabieto showr is fixed by the Constitution itself. Much, sir, may be learned by a reference to facts,, as well as the practice ofthe Government. When settlers occupied so much ofthe public domain as to render it manifest that there would be a demand for the lands, an organic law has been tendered to the habl tans, it. orl r that, under a civil organiza tion, land offices and other facilities for the sale of land & transfer of titles should be made. In these organic laws, Congress has repudiated the idea of sovereignty ir the Territories, by reserving the right of reviewing, and repealing if necessary, the laws enacted by the territorial legislature When the inhabitants of a Territory accept the organic law with ail its conditions, the government is then organized, and contin- ties until it expires, cznitrmim, in tne sovereignty ofthe State to be formed ou t of said Territory. Now, the creation of this territorial organization and the existence of this temporary government gave no jut accrescendum either to this local lcgis4a ture, the people of the Territory, or to Congress. The laws of the United States,, for the protection of persons and property, were extended over them; but it was a government consistent with and according to the Constitution a government limited by the Constitution, and possessing no au thority beyond it grants . So that the right to govern is not in this case a right ot absolute sovereignty,, but of sovereignty qualified by the provisions of fundamental law. The decision of the Supreme Courts declaring that the right to acquire terri tory implies the right to govern it when ac quired, is predicated upon the assumption that the government to- be administered' must be according to-the constitution of the U. S. They sustain rather than conflict with the conclusion towhieh ihave arrived. The. question then arises, at what time does the right accrue, and to whom, to decide upon, and fix the domestic institutions and tho municipal law ofthe territories? And who is invested with that authority? It will be seen, by reference to the same section of the Constitution referred to, as controlling the. power over territories, that Congress may admit new States into-the Union." A reference to the Madison Papers will en lighten us as to this provision. A proposition was made to authorize Congress to form new States out of the territories belonging, to the United States, which was rejected, and the provision above quoted was adopt- l