Newspapers / The North Carolinian (Wilson, … / Feb. 18, 1854, edition 1 / Page 2
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. -V ' " ' F A Y-fiT f THE NORTH CAROLLM1 VN, V WYcf of Emigrant-Ship Tayleur, Hound fkom Liverpool to Australia Loss of three hundred and fifty Lives. The Tayleur left the Mersey, Jan. 19th, hav ing on board about 660 souls, including crew and passengers of all ages. The ship made fair weather of it for some hours until she got off Holyhead, whenthe wind headed her, and she struggled against an adverse gale during the entire of Friday the 20th, and Friday night. The captain, despairing of getting down channel against such a gale, determined to try the course north about, and accordingly the ship's head was got round, and she stood on amidst thick and heavy weather from daylight on Saturday morning. Owing to the dense fog, and perhaps to some error in the reckoning, the ship was found at about ten o'clock within sight of land which was first seen by the man at the wheel, and in half an hour after the look-out-man at the bows cried, "breakers on the starboard bow." The ship's course was altered, and in less'than twenty minutes after she struck with fearful violence on a reef of rocks on the east side of Lainbay Island. The terrible conse quence of the catastrophe will lie best gathered from the subjoined accounts. In short, out of the entire number on board this ill-fated vessel, (six hundred and sixty, including the crew,) only two hundred and eighty-two individuals have been rescued, many of whom arc 'severely maimed jand injured. : As will be seen by the following accounts, a portion of the passengers and crew, with the captain, effected their escape from the wreck, and got on L,ambay Island, where for some time they experienced the extremes of cold and hardship, until relieved, and subsequently taken off the Island, and brought to Dublin: She struck with great violence on a reef of rocks running out from a creek right to the eastward, bluff of Lambay Island. The shock was tremendous, shaking the vessel from stem to stern. She rose ou the next wave, and drove in rather broadsides on ; and when she struck again still heavier, the sea made a clean breach over her amidships, setting everything on deck afloat. After two or three more shocks, the ship began to sink by the stern, and the scene of confusion and dismay that ensued baffles all description. The paesengers rushed up the hatchways husbands carrying their children, and women lying prostrate ou the deck with their infants, screaming and imploring help. The ship's quarter drifted on towards one side of the creek, and one of the cook's assistants (a black man,) two Lascars, and three seamen, contrived to jump across on shore, and thus saved their lives. A rope and a spar were af terwards got across, and by this means a num ber of lives were secured, chiefly through the activity and devoted gallantry of two or three young men, passengers, whose exertions in sav ing the lives of their fellow-sufferers deserves the highest praise. Those who attempted to escape by the bows of the vessel, all, or nearly, met a miserable fate. The moment they fell into the water the waves caught them, and dashed them violently against the rocks, and the survivers on shore could perceive the unfortunate crea tures with their heads bruised and cut open, strufrirlinir amidst the waves, and one by one sinking under them. The surgeon of the doomed ship, Dr. Cun ningham, was remarkable for his efforts in en deavoring to save, first the lives of his own wife and child, and also the lives of his fellow pas sengers; and it is one of the most melancholy features of this disastrous occurrence that this intrepid man lost his life in endeavoring to save thelivesof others. After the vessel struck he was seen crossing the perilous means of escape with hi.s little child on one arm, supporting the infant more securely by holding its dress in his mouth. The ship heaved on the surge of a sea, and the rope swerved, and he was swept from his hold, and his child was torn from him by the force of the sea and perished. He himself sunk twice, but at last made good his grip on a projecting point of rock. Whilst in this precarious posi tion a drowning woman swept by him; he grasped her, and he was observed to raise her up, and hold her above the water. He put back her hair from her eyes, and seemed to en courage her, but a heavy wave tore her from his grasp, and she perished. Surgeon Cunning ham then seized hold of a rope ladder hanging over the side of the ship, by which he lifted himself on board, hand over hand, and soon after appeared carrying his wife, for the pur pose of rescuing her. He had nearly succeed ed in getting her across the spar, by means of the rope, when another heavy wave rushed on, and swept off this devoted man and his wife, who were both swept out in the under tow, and drowned in sight of the survivors. A first cabin passenger, a gentleman of great intelligence and humanity, says: It became evident to those who were at all acquainted with nautical affairs that the crew were totally incompetent to manage the ship. The mate eouhl not get any one to go on the yards to shorten sail, that the ship was completely at the mercy of the wind and waves. Some idea may be formed of the incompetency of the crew, when it is known that it took nearly three hours to take in the tuizeu topsail, and nearly one hour and three quarters to take in the fore top Kail, and ueither the main topsail nor the lower sails could be got in at all. The boatswain and third mate exerted themselves a great deal, but the men did not appear to know their work. It immediately began to be whispered about that we should never reach the end of our voy age, the crew being a mixed medley of many nations, having a very imperfect acquaintance with the English language, and being conse quently unable to understand the captain's or ders. Our confidence in the crew decreased every minute, though we saw we had a splen did vessel under us. A more beautiful ship I believe never tsailed the seas. Saturday morning, a friend came down to the cabin where I was, and said "there's land close to us, and they are afraid the ship will go ashore." I proceeded ou deck, where a horrible scene of confusion met my eye. IVfore us at a short distance rose the bleak and rocky island of Lam bay, round the base of which the waves were dashing furiously, whilst the vessel, quite un manageable in the hands of the crew, was drift ing towards it with fearful rapidity. The deck was crowded with passengers, male and female, who perceiving their danger, were in a state of almost frantic terror. Ihe captain attempted to wear the ship, but she would not pay of, but continued to drift towards the rocks. He then ordered the staysail, and, I think, the spanker to be set, which was done. The mate, then di rected the man at the helm to keep full, but it was no use. Just at this moment I heard the chain running out with the anchor; the first mate called out "hold on," but both anchors were lot go they snapped like glass. And now began a scene of the most frightful horror some running below to get what they could others praying, some taking leave of their friends, wringing their hands, and beseeching them for help. e The vessel after striking lay so close open the rocks that several persons attempted to jump ashore. The first person who jumped on the island struck hia head against, the rocks and fell back into the water with las head frightful ly cut, and, after struggling a short time, sank, i The next person who junlped from the vessel made good his footing, and was followed by sev eral others I believe the Chinese and Lascars belonging to the crew. They also succeeded in making good their landing, and as soon as they had done so, scampered with all haste up the rocks, never attempting to assist those ou board. Several now swung themselves on the rocks, which were but a few feet from us. I managed to swing myself on shore, and retain ed the rope in my hand; I passed the end of it up to some of those behind, and by this means a great many were enabled to come on shore. To attempt to paint the heart-rending scene on board the ship would be impossible wives clinging to their husbands children to their parents women running wildly about the deck, A A. -Al-il 1- uttering me most Heartrending cries many offering all they possessed to persons to get them on shore. Among some of the eatliest of the females who attempted to get on shore, were some voung Irishwomen. Most of them lost their hold of the rope, and fell into the sea i ne most desperate struggles tor me were made by the wrecked passengers great num 1 I? t -m . . ers or women jumpea overooara, m tne vain hope of reaching land, and the ropes were crowd ed by hundreds, who m their easrerness, terror, and confusion, frustrated each other's efforts for self-preservation. Many of the females would get half way. and then become unable to pro ceed further; and after clinging to the rope for a short time, would be forced from their hold '. by those who came after them. Three women I only out of 200, were saved. One of those had got part of the way across when her legs fell, and she hung some time by her two hands over the foaming waves; her husband then came on the rope, and managed to assist her to the shore. Two men came ou shore with children tied to their backs; but of the whole who fell into the water, not above five were saved. I saw one fine girl, who after falling from the rope, man aged to get hold of another one, which was hanging from the side of the ship, and which she held on to for more than a quarter of ah hour, the sea every moment dashing her against the ship, bnt it was impossible for us to lend her any assistance. Some one got a spar out, by which several got on shore; but it soon broke, and now might be seen hundreds hanging to the bulwarks of the ship, each struggling to get on shore. I saw one young woman banjr- ing on the middle of the rope for some time by her two hands, but those pushing to get on shore soon sent her to her doom. The ship's stern now began to sink; the ship made a lurch, and all the ropes were snapped asunder. The scene now was most harrowing. Every wave washed off scores at a time we would see them struggle for a moment, then, tossing up their arms, sink to rise no more. At length the whole of the ship sunk under water. There was a fearful struggle for a moment, and all, except two who were in the rigging, were gone. The coastguard, who had been apprised of the wreck, now came up, but all they could do was to attempt to save the two who were in the rigging. They managed to get aline to one of them by fastening two lines, at the end of each of which was a piece of wood, to a sin gle line, and guiding it from the rock to the spot where the poor fellow was, so that he could reach it. They then dragged him ashore. There was one fine young mail left in the top, but thev could not reach him, and when lie saw them going away his cries were heartrend ing. About two o'clock the next morning the coast-guard managed to reach him, after he had been in the top fourteen hours. You may fan cy.the poor fellow's joy at his deliverance. The Giuce Affair. TheFayetteville Argus of Wednesday, speaking of the removal of Mr Grice, for 35 years the Master Blacksmith in the Gosport Navy Yard at Portsmouth, Ya., says: " Why should Mr Dobbin be censured for turning him out of his stall, even if no charges at all had been preferred against him? He was in for thirty-five years and that is a pretty good term for any man to hold office. But an opin ion seems to prevail with some, that if you once put an individual into an office, he immediately acquires an easement in it for life, and that by turning him out you deprive him of a vested right. We subscribe to no such doctrine. We oppose all monopolies, and go for a lively rota tion in office. Old Fogyism has nearly ruined the Whig party, and it will quite do it, unless it be poked in the ribs until it acknowledges the right of. Young America to a participation in the benefits of the government. It will never do to let any one regard himself as settled for life when he gets into a place of profit and trust. We have read somewhere of a man in old times who drove a chariot or some sort of a vehicle, until he grew to the seat, and when Hercules pulled him off, all the sitting part of him was left behind stuck to the seat. Let an officeholder alone and he will hold on until he grows to his stool; and, of course, he will com plain when you pull him off; for it hurts him. The best way is not to let him become a sitfast. " This world, "lis true, Was made for Caesar but for Titus too' And Titus must have a shewing in it, or it will ro to wreck. We think it was well enough to turn Mr Grice out any how. If the office was a fat one, he had it long enough if a lean one, let some one else take a turn in it. We may want something ourselves some of these days." The Work en the Central Railroad. The Charlotte Whig says: "This company commenced laying the su perstructure at this point on Thursday last. Mr Sumner the Engineer, informs us that he will have his whole force here in a few days, when the work will go on apace. He has cross-ties enough to build the road for four miles, after which he will be amply supplied with these along the line of the road. He has railing enough here to carry the road twelve miles, and a large quantity more in Charleston, sub ject to the orders of the company. He has about a thousand feet of the road finished, and is r.unning two flat bottomed cars on it for the transportation of the materials." The Raleigh Standard of the 15th says : "We learn from a friend at Goldsborough, that he passed with Gov. Morehead, Mr Dortch, Mr McRae, Mr Mendenhall, and others, a few days since, over the Central Railroad from that place to the end of the iron, fifteen miles, and within seven of Smithfield. They left Goldsbo rough at two o'clock and returned at four. The road is said to be equal to any in the country. The contractors, Messrs John C. McRae & Co., are driving ahead as rapidly as possible, and expect to get to Smithfield about the first of April. A fine new locomotive and cars will be in readiness by that time." "We learn that Maj. Gwynn has purchased for the North Carolina Railroad the fine new passenger car jnst completed by Mr John R. Harrison; and also contracted with Mr Silas Burne, for the building of fifty freight cars. This evinces a commendable disposition to pa tronize North Carolina mechanics, which we hope will be continued by the authorities of this Koad m all cases where it is at all practicable Europe. t i The American steamship Pacific. so ear expected for several days past, arrived at -. York on Thursday afternoon, from Live bringing dates to Wednesday, Jan. 25th 1aTrc latnf tlian i 1... . 1 n 4 1 ' vox r Lxglaxd. Another famine is threateif Aieiuuu. jrrowsions are enormously fiigL, prices are still going upwards. In.Knmeik M Tl 1 T ... . ad i m ts of Limerick the people are suffering depterat Jy for want of food. France. Mr Mason, States miniate J io France, has arrived, and has presented hU ( re dcntials. . - Af The Senate and Legislature are convoked 'Jo February 27th. ."C or A sum of 200,000 francs from the Budget of the Interior is placed at the disposal of .the pre fects to assist in providing immediate reljttt to the poor. v5 - 3V;f jft ; Italy. Pseparatioxs for war. The threat ening aspect of eastern affairs is having its Irl flaence ia Italy. The Piedmontese government is especially active, and is filling ell its garri sons and magazines with provisions and stores. It was whispered that a secret treaty, offensive and defensive, has been concluded between France and Sardinia. - ';:f ; 1 Spain.' Madrid, Jan. 16." -It is said that Baron de Meer will be dismissed from the -pre sidencv of 'the Supreme Court of WaJ Marine for his hostile vote in th Se The Minister of Justice has resigne Generals Ma-.uel Concha and O'Donnell are exiled to the Canary islands Gen. Jose Concha to the Balearic, and General Armero to Leon. The Eastern- Questions Near Galatz the Russians are evidently preparing to invade the Turkish bank of the "river. On the 12th the Russian general, Englehardt, crossed the stream uumolested, with 2,000 men, and ravaged the country between Matschin and Isaktcha, where the Danube describes a semi-circle opposite Galatz. At Reni, on the extreme corner ' of Bessarabia, formed by the -Pruth and the Dan ube, Russian troops are preparing to cross. It is probable that by this time considerable bodies of Russians have invaded Balgaria, (the terri tory of Turkey proper,) and that we shall soon hear of the passage of the left wing of the Russian army across the Lower Danube, where the Turks can have no considerable force to oppose them. The forts of Matschin and Isa ktcha are small places, and, though they have been gallantly defended against two attacks, they cannot stop the advance of an army. . The advance of the Russians might, however, he checked in comparatively narrow passage known as the Lines of Trajan, between Rassavo aud Kntchenji. This position has accordingly been fortified by Omar Pacha, and it may be sup ported with effect from the Black Sea. On the 13th January, the Russians had again attacked Matschin, and when accounts left, the battle was raging fiercely, the Turks defending themselves with their usual bravery. The Rus sian division at Giurgevowas also preparing to attack Rustchuck, if, indeed, it had not already done so. The llospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia have refused the pension which the Czar had offered them, and have protested against the Russian usurpation of their authority. Uu the loin January, Omar Pasha was at Kakifat, where a hiirh observatory has been erected that overlooks every movement of the Russians. Russia, it appears, will issue letters of mar que, in the expectat ion that it will inflict "m-eat, damage on English trade in America." - o ihe very Latest. lid vices irom iiktuo state that the latest intelligence received (on the morning of the sailing of the Pacific) by the London Times was to the effect that the Czar had not proceeded to extreme measures on learning the entry of the allied fleets into the Black sea. He replies by the question : "Are the fleets to observe strict neutrality, or to take active part with the Turks?" It was telegraphed from Yienna that it had transpired that the Czar's final reply would be a contemptuous refusal of the Yienna note; also referring Turkey to Prince Goftschakoff for further particular?, and asserting, positively, that he will not give up one jot of MenschikofTs first demand. Paris, Tuesday Jan. 24. The Constitutionnel of to-day publishes the following expressions of the Czar : "When the Emperor learned of the entrance of the combined fleets into the Black Sea, he said: I expected the resolution taken by En glaml and France, and I am not unprepared. When a battle is offered Russia, Russia accepts. She can afford to mourn the loss of a fleet, but not for the honor of the nation." The Czar has instructed his ambassadors to demand whether, by the entrance of the allied fleets into the Bla k sea, it is intended to take part with Turkej-, or simply to observe strict neutrality ? I f the former is the case, then they are to demand tho:r passports. Lisbon, Juii. 19. The war-steamer Jtanshee arrived litre on the 17th, with despatches to the British admiral: and immediately afterwawls the British squadron was under orders for seTPdes tination unknown. Berlin-, Monday evening. The Czar insists as a preliminary condition to all negotiations' that the neutrality of the allied fleets iu the Black sea shall be declared in a formal docu ment. : Austria is'saki to have notified Russia of her fixed determination to maintain an armed neu trality, provided the Czar adheres his en gagement that he aim at no territorial aggran dizement" If this pledge is broken, Austria would assume a hostile attitude towards Russia. China. The dates from Cauton are to 755? ccmber 11th. Quiet prevailed at Amoy and the constituted authorities had been reinstated The insurgent army reached Ginken at the cud of October. Shanghai remained in the hands of the rebels. Clark Mills, the sculptor, has completed his new studio and foundry on the place he Dur chased recently, a few miles from AVashinton and where he will execute the equestrian stktue of George Washington, ordered by Coei The appropriation for the work was only nnnn '. but the artist designs to erect the most pos ing equestrian statue ever raised, regardless of expense Judging from some rough sketches and estimates on the walls of his stadi l and of several detached fragments; of the pieS de Signed, there can be no doubt he will sneed perfectly. The location he proposes I fohe piece is on Pennsylvania. avenue, in that citv near the Market House, which he would have moved back to the Canal in order to the required room to erect a gigantic pedesfal pon which to place the colossal representation of the JPater PalrvT. Charleston Courier. CO?" We learn that some dozen miners from Pennsylvania reached this place on Satnrday evening last, on their way to the iron regions of this State. They expect first to visit Chatham. It is said the Company they represent possesses ample means, a portion of which they are de sirous of investing in the manufacture of iron i" this State. They are welcome. We wish them much success. ILaUigh Standard. Sews from -Dd d. r ' White Basis. The Wilmington Journal, in an article on Free Suffrage, says : "The method of obtaining it by Legislative enact ment is the only one which is practicable; for it is cer tain that since that white basis ground, assumed by Governor Manly and other advocates of a convention, do Convention, for this or any other purpose, can be called." Will the Journal be good enough to inform us when and where Gov. Manly, or any other whig in North Carolina, ever advocated the white basis? We take it for granted, that in speaking of amendments to the State Constitu tion, the Journal means "the white basis" of representation iu the Legislature, and not that it intended to cheat its readers into an idea that Gov. Manly's favoring the distribution of the Common School fund according to the number Of white children, had any connection with the Constitutiou or the basis of representation, either white or mixed? The distribution of the School Fund, being regulated by mere law of the Legislature, can have no bearing upon the question of Convention, or free suffrage, and if the Journal is attempting to impose a different notion upon itsxeaders, it is doing great injus tice to Gov. MMily, and to the whig party. FayettevUle Observer, Feb. 9ti. Most certainly we will be "good enough." We will not rely upon our simple ascertion, but will quote authority which the Observer will hardly call in question. The following is the reply of Rawley GyTiowav.. Esq., Taylor Elec tor to' Thomas RuffniTEsq asking for'a state ment of the discussion at Wcntworth on the 29th of June, 1850, between Messrs. Reid and Manly. Wextworth, August 9, 1850. Mr Ruffix Dear Sir : I have received your note of this date, and in compliance with" the request it contains, I make the following state ment : On the occasion to which you refer, I under stood Gov. Manly to say "that if he had the formation of anew Constitution for North Car olina, he would go farther in support of Free Suffrage than the gentleman himself," (Col, Reid,) and "that white population should con stitute the only basis of representation." In reply, Col. Reid asked "if he understood him correctly are you in favor of abolishing the Federal Basis of representation? is that your position? will you swear by it?" To which the Governor nodded his assent. The Colonel then went on to remark that "that was precise ly the position which the Northern Abolition ists would desire him to occupy, aud that it was dangerous for the South. Again, I understood Gov. Manly to be illus trating the inequality and injustice of the Fed eral Basis of Representation, when he said that 800 men m Onslow county were equal in ioliti- cal power to 4000 men in some of the western or mountain Counties. And again, I under stood Col. Reid to ask G ov. Manly how he could advocate so great a change in our State Con stitution, when it was not mentioned in the. Resolutions of the whig convention which nom inated him, as two years ago, on the subject of Free Suffrage, he had assumed the position that he had no authrity, or right to commit his par ty to a new issue. This brief recapitulation of points in the dis cussion sustains me, I think, in saying that my decided impression was that Gov. Manly was in favor of abolishing the Federal Basis of Re presentation in our State Constitution, and that Col. Reid was opposed to it. With much respect your ob't serv't. R. GALLOWAY. .Again : Read the following, signed by many leading and "influential whigs': We, the undersigned, were present at Wcnt worth on the 20th of June last, and heard the discussion which then occurred between Gov. Manly and Col. Reid, aud we have no hesita tion in saying that on that occasion Gov. Man ly distinctly and emphatically declared himself to be in favor of abolishing the Federal or Black Basis in North Carolina, and of instituting a i white one in its stead. W. B. CARTER. J. II. CARDWIXL. W. B. JOIL"SOj". W. I). BETHELTj. JAMES P. SCALES, WM. W. WITHERS. BICH D IT. SCALES. alex. ivoonsojv, jas. ir. MrCAij; WM. P. WATT, I). W. COURTS, SAML. F. ADAMS. ROBT GALLOWAY. S. C. EDWARDS. E. R. IIARRISS, W. F. CARTER, A. M. SCALES, W. X. SCALES. Note The gentlemen whose names are in italics are whigs. Have we informed the Observer? IVilming ton Journal. Correspondence of the J w York Express, (u-hig.) Washington, Feb. 8, 1854. The contempt so openly manifested by Gov. Jones, of Tenu., toward Mr Wade, of Ohio, in the debate on the Nebraska bill, is an index of the feeling which pervades the Southern delega tion toward the Abolitionists or quasi Aboli tionists who have, unfortunately for the North, been elected to seats in both Houses. This feeling is also shared in a greater or less degree by a large portion of the Northern delegation. Chase, Sumner, Seward and Gen-it Smith, were they not abolitionists, would all occupy a re spectable and influential position in the Federal Legislature. But as matters now stand, they do not all combined possess a tithe of the in fluence of Mike Walsh. Let their constituents ponder upon this fact, for fact it undoubtedly is. About 14 years ago, Mr Seward commenced the notable work of abolitionizing the whig par ty of New York. In his letterslto the Govern or of Virginia, adducing his reasons for refusing to surrender sundry fugitive slaves, he first ad vanced his higher law doctrine. The fallacy of his reasoning was thorono-hlv oxnosed at the time by the Hon. John Pickering of Boston, one of the first jurists of his day; but so strong were the fetters of party allegiance at that pe riod, that scarcely a whig journal in New York dared to allude to Mr Pickering's refutation of Seward's sophistries. Subservient and venal Legislatures, from year to year, endorsed the Seward doctrine, until at last the whigs of New York, without being aware of the fact, and certainly, so far as the majority was concerned, without intending it, became to all practical purposes Abolitionists. A "favored few" were in 1844 allowed the privi lege of defeating Henry Clay. They have ever since occupied the highest places in the higher law Sanhedrim, and were the chief recipients of Executive patronage under Gen. Taylor's ad ministration. Others, like Leavenworth for in stance, came over at a later day, and were re ceived with open arms as a reward for disturb ing law and order meetings or the commission of some other outrage. So that at the present time there is not a single whig occupying a pro minent official position in New York, Ogden Hoffman excepted, who is not justly regarded by the abolitionists as sympathizing either open ly or secretly with their peculiar views. This state of things at the North naturally excites alarm at the South and hence it is not strange that the whig party at the South should have a merely nominal existence. They have fought gallantly and untiringly for years against the most fearful odds, but they will do so no longer. When the North refused to sustain Fillmore, a northern man, it dealt the finishing blow to the whig party south of the Potomac. vs. Canal. Every well informed man is aware of the re sult of competition between Railroads and Ca nals in Europe. After the Darlingtou & Stock ton Railway was completed in 1825, and the Liverpool and Manchester line begun, British canal stock fell; and though as usually happens iu such cases, the decline was exaggerated, and a reaction followed, it never since gained the relative value it had before the introduction of railways. For the forty years previous to the establishment of a rival railway, the dividends paid to the stockhoIcWcsn tlie Grand Junction Railroadg auai averagea J ius.rg. cpnt. whetwlpriv competitioirwasset ou fo 6J VH-CI7 Jmodel farmer and agricultural economist cent., and are now, we believe, much bewnlToTTsTders the experiments of in.nn,g.M i figure. Other canals, which formerly oaid from 15 to 25 per cent., are now unable to pay the expense of their working. McCulloch whose prejudice against railways during the first few years of their existence is well known confes ses that the great schemes of canalisation which were on foot in France when railroads began to be introduced, were immediately abandoned to make way for these superior means of intercom munication. So in Belgium and Holland. Even the magnificent propositions and the low tolls on the Amsterdam and Nieudicp Canal have not saved it from the ruinous consequences of competition with railways. On every side the same picture meets the eye. Canal "property, which used to be among the most remunerative oinvestments, now ranks below real estate, houses, stocks at the very bottom of th'e list! Canals are abandoned not only by passemrers but by every species of goods liable to deteriora tion from decay, or whose price Uuctuates in the market. The reason is of course obvious. The dist in guishing characteristic of commercial inter course in the present day is rapidity of move- A II' 1 111- 1 " - meni. w e ouy, sen, snip, carry, exchange m a tithe of the time occupied by our fathers. Time has become one of the chief elements of value and profit. In an article worth 100,000 the gain or the loss of a day may make a differ ence of $30,000. Hence the canals which were profitable enterprises, when vehicles drawn by horses were their only competitors, drop out of sight altogether when a rival springs up with powers of speed four times greater than theirs. This is the history of all canals, as true of ours as of those of foreign nations. Our system of canals begun under the auspices of DeWitt Clinton some 37 years ago, has done wonders for the State of New York and this country. It opened up a magnificent tract of land, peopled it, and endowed it with vast wealth. It set the example of systems of internal improvements to the other States. It had no small effect in building up the city of New York. For these benefits its founders and promoters deserve our gratitude. But iu process of time, as in all other countries, a new means of intercommuni cation, far superior to the canals was set up. Railroads built by private enterprise offered far greater facilities to the commuuity; and though an attempt was made by the Legislature to avert impending ruin from the canals by interdicting the carriage of freight on the railways, this fic titious support soon gave way, and things took their natural course. First the Central, then the Eric, and finally the Northern Railroad ob tained permission to carry produce and mer chandise, with what effect upon the canals the following table will show : Fisrol years. Railroad Freights. $1,122,432 2,102,458 3,3GC,2S0 4,500,000 Canal Tolls $3,480,172 3,772,103 3,170,145 3,108,540 1850 1851 1 852 1853 This shows the result, of four vears competi tion between individual and State enterprise; and indicates pretty clearly the rate of progress ot both railroads and canals. Let us carry it out for ten years to come; and for fear of giving i loophole lor cavil, let us waive the usual sreo- mctrical progression, and suppose that the rate does not vary from that shown above. The table in 1804 will be somewhat as follows in round numbers : Years. 1854 1855 1850 1S57 1858 1859 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 Railroad Freight $5,025,000 0,750,000 7,875,000 9,000 ;000 10,125,000 11,250,000 12,375,000 13,500,000 14,025,000 15,750,000 10,875,000 Canal Tolls. $3,000,000 2,955,000 2,850,000 2,745,000 2,040,000 2,535,000 2,430,000 2,325,000 2,220,000 2,115,000 2,010,000 We venture to say that if the state of these two funds varies in any material degree from the above statement, the variation will be an increase of railroad freights, and a diminution of canal tolls. Indeed, when it is borne in mind that the rates of tolls are constantly being re duced in order to keep up a ruinous competi tion with the railroads, it is much more likely that iu 1804, the net revenues therefrom will not exceed $1,000,000 than that it will amount to the sum we have stated. We feel so con vinced of this that we look forward quite con fidently to a deficiency that will require us to provide for the payment of our present State debt by a State tax. Nothing, either in our present prospects or in the history of competi tion between railroads and canals abroad, con futes the expectation that, ten years hence, the tolls on the canals will fall far short of the an nual interest of the sum they cost. iV. 11 Herald Plank Road. We learn that steps have been taken to build a Plank Road from Hay wood, in Chatham county, via Locksville, to Pittsboro. The whole of the stock has been subscribed, the company has been organized, the officers elected, and the survey is in progress. The contracts for grading are to be let out on the 4th day of March next. The distance is 10 miles. Efforts are being made to extend this road in the direction of Hillsboro', subscriptions being taken up for that purpose. AVe learn further that there is a probability that the Plank Road from Haywood to Chapel Hill will also be built. This road will be with in 18 miles of Raleigh at its nearest point; and we are assured that if the citizens of Raleigh would bear their share, a road from this city to the nearest point ou the Chapel Hill road would be built, thus, by the Deep River improvement, putting us in direct communication with the Chatham coal fields. Raleigh Star. bALE of Railroad Stock. The Goldsboro' ew hraof the 8th says: "While we pro to press the sale of Stock in the Central Railroad is going on. The following sales have been made: 80 shares, said' to be owned by Dibble v ros., were purchased by C. P. Mendenhall at $34 per share. SO shares, said to be owned by R. Stanly & Co., were bomrht by Geo. Green at $34 per share. 80 shares said to be owned by 1. I Latham & Co., were bought by Geo. Green at $36,75 per share. The above sales were all forbid by the alleged or real owners, but on what grounds we did not learn." mg- J new post olnce has been established in the western part of Randolph county, by the name of "Jones Mines," and Mr John K. Lam beth appointed Post Master. From the Louisville Herald. Important Exptraumt with tuauo. A valued friend, who has laid us under many obligations for original communications to our Agricultural columns, has permitted us to ex tract the following valuable information from'a private letter which he received from Willis Benhani, Lsq., formerly of this District, and well known to most of our readers as one of the best I tenters m the country. We are aware that it is not, m strict accordance with the sa credness of private correspondence to give to the public the contents of coniniunicatini., t I1"""1 muinuuais, out our Ii-hmk wb; t;. nnrtanco tn wnoie planting community, and holding to the Divine doctrine, that no man has a riht to "hide his light under a bushel," has concluded to lay it before our readers, as important in formation from one who all know can be relied ou. Our excuse for giving the author's name is, that we believe the information would lose one half its importance without!..- Irwiv IYjL ) Cass Co., Ga., Dec. 14, 1853. Bear Sir? I have delayed acknowledging the receipt of the August number of the South ern Agriculturist that you sent me, to enable me to give the result of an experiment made on a very small scale, fori had my fears that it might contain some stray grains of California wheat or Florida coffee; but the result has proved entirely satisfactory, and next season I intend to experiment with a few tons, if I can procure it at present quotations, although I think the present price too high. I will now proceed to give you my experience with the article, and I do it presuming that you also have been dabling with it, and I wish to compare notes. The land ou which 1 used the guano, is what iu this section of country we call hickory, orchard land, the principal growth be ing thick bark hickory, with some post oak and pine; the color of the soil, darkened, with very little sand; the quantity used was rather less Jhan a sack, which was finely pulverized before using. About three weeks before planting, I bad the land listed three feet distance with a large shovel plow and as deep as a good mule could pull it; the guano was applied immediate ly, in the ratio of about 250 lbs. per acre, and a high ridge thrown on it with turning plows. It was planted on the 18th day of April, as was also the balance of the patch, (8 acres,) and cultivated in the same manner as the rest of the crop aud now for the result. As soon as my crop generally begHn to show blooms, I counted on the first row, where I had used guano, 40 blooms; on the adjourning row, where no manure had been used, and found but 9 and now for the seed cotton. 1st picking, 2d, 3d, Guano, 12 lbs. 27, 20, 4th, 17, Totnl. 76. Li n manured row, 3 " 12, 81 Difference in favor of Guano, 40 I attended to the picking and weighing my self, and am sure that the above is correct. The rows are 173 yards long, and vou will see by the calculation that 28 will make "an acre, and 70 lbs. multiplied by 28 make 2128 lbs. 30 " " " iu08 " Difference per acre, 1120 lbs. WILLIS BEN HAM. Mcltcm in Parvo. Walking through Wash ington street in haste, the other day, ""we came near running over a young gentleman, who far us appearances went, might liave been four teen years old, certainly not older. "Be careful, Bub," said we, "you had a nar row escape that time." The young gentleman straightened himself up. "Did I hear aright," he haughtily inquir ed, "did you call me Bub?" "Yes," was our astonished reply, "what then?" "I presume," continued the young gentleman, severely, "from the juvenile character of your salutation, that you are not aware what I am." We intimated that he was correct in the sup position, but that, if perfectly agreeable to him, we should be glad to be informed. "Sir," said he, waving his hand with a pa tronizing air, "I am one of the literati. I do the poetical department of I he 'Thunder Cloud of A mericn n Glory " We started back three paces in mute aston ishment, while our interlocutor, satisfied with the impression which he had produced, smiled with an air of calm superiority, and walked on. We followed his retreating form with the help of a small microscope, murmuring to ourselves, "multum in parvo," and then, as the sidewalk happened to be slippery, we slid! Yankee Blade. DR. M LAXES CELEBRATED LIVER PILLS. New York, August 30, IK52. We, the umlcrsipnod, having made trial of Dr. Mc Lane'f Celebrated Liver Pills, nniet acknowledge that they are tho best medicine for sick headache, dyspepsia, and liver complaint, that we have ever used. We take; pleasure; in recommending them to tho public, and ure eonlidi'iit that it those who arc troubled with any of the above complaints will give them a fair trial, they will not hesitate to acknowledge their beneficial eH'ects, MRS HILL, East Troy. MRS STKVEXS. West Troy. The above valuable remedy, also Dr. McLano's cele brated Vermifuge, can novl h:wl at Drug Stores gen erally. Take hoiks but ' Dr. M Lane a Liver Pills." For sale by S. !. Hinsdale, Fayettcville. EST- All persons indebted to me by account previous to October lt, ls.1'!. are earnestly requested to make payment. I am desirous of settling up the old business. K. K. liUiAX. February 11, 1854 COMMON SCHOOLS. The Committee will be readv to examine those who wish to become Teachers on 2sth Februarv. 1st. 2d. and 3d of March. EDW'D LEE WIXSLOW. J. T. WARDEN. WALTER A. HL'SKE. February 10, 18.-.4 M)-4t PEARtE & PEJIBERTO, Wholesale dealers in Foreign and Domestic D II Y (i O (JDS, Hats, Caps, Hoots, Shoes., Umbrellas, and It K A DY-MA DE CL )T1I IXG. North side Hay street, Faykttkvji.i.k, N. C. Strict attention paiu io oroers P.. F. PEARCE. PEM15ERTON. Feb'y 0. 1 854 T. II. A FIXE JACK FOR SALE. BLACK JOHN, who is believed to be the best Jack in t his part of the State, is now offered for sale. This animal is superior, in every respect, to any other which has been patronized by this commuuity, and as strong reference can be obtained as may Iks desired sufficient ly strong to satisfy the most scrupulous. He is far above medium size", and in a desirable situation, with proper attention, will make during the spring season, the price a.-ked for him. For futber particulars ad dress the subscriber at ilouiitptlier, Richmond. X. C. JOHN GILCHRIST. Feb'y 11, 1854. B&Skim Nets and Xct 2m Twine, for sale Y. II. CARVER. by Jan'y 28, 1854. New Crop Molaf. 30 Hhds. superior quality, just received and for sale by Feb'y 1, 184 PETER P. JOHNSON. OATS. 300 Bushels Seed Oats, just received and for sale by Feb'y 1, 1S54. PETER P. JOHNSON. I -V
The North Carolinian (Wilson, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Feb. 18, 1854, edition 1
2
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