THE NORTH CAROLINIANS FA YETTE VI LL E, N. C
AXOTHF.R STEAMER WRECKED.
I'v the late news from California we hare
accounts of the total loss of the steamer Yankee
Rlade between San Francisco ami Panama, on
The IOIIOW1UJJ siaaiuv...
the 1st of October
i l.v the l'urscr of the steamer :
The Independent
. . -- 1 T1.. ,1
steanislno iatih.ee j.iauc,
i i r C2 .
commander, sailed nm oau
M., with SUU pas-
we struck on a reef
Ai-fuella, about 15 miles
n.,rv Itrlllllall
,v : int,t ?tth. at 4 1
...i .-,:!l)00 m soccie. Oct. 1st, at
M bein" encompassed m a dense to
ri,.;',:; SE. bvS., and supposing ourselves at
i,.-.-t ten miles from shore,
c ' ....l- n!f Point
shove Point Conception, on wmen ;u.,
nuwonls of 60 feet, while her stern swung in 9
fathoms of water, which in less than 25 minutes
cunk below the promenade deck, but so firmly
vas her forward part enibeded in the rocks
that up to the time I left the ship, about 4 P.
ai an the "2d. she had not receded an inch.
q ?rrvi as we were discovered to be in danger
nttii-f.r. nf the deck launched and manned
the boats and proceeded at once to get
mil n.is.-cmers ashore. And here
inst to observe tliat great approbation is due
"tr 'Cant. Randall for his promptness in going
on shore to find a proper place to land Ins pas-
in taicin'-T cnargc -:ie .m
d benching it successfully, (when
the
it is
sengcrs;
lmnse II am
that-X)f the first ofneer was stranded,) lor the
' seviom manner in which he urged the men on
"shore to return with the boats to the wreck
when they displayed every desire to desert him,
and for sending his son, Henry llandall, .Jr., to
supply his place on the wreck, in which capa
city he (.Henry) acquitted himself in a manner
far" beyond his years, inspiring all hearts with
'hone and preserving as much order as could be
obtained under such excitintr circumstances.
While the boats were being lowered the chief
steward, store keeper, and some men went be
low and broke out a large quantity of provi
sions, which were sent to the upper forward
deck. The purser prepared to save the ship's
papers, and valuables in his possession belong
ing to the passengers, which have all been safe
ly delivered to their owners. Hut on going be
low 10 minutes after the ship struck, he found
the specie covered with 5 feet of water, and so
rapidly was she filling that the water rose in
the stern ( inches per minute consequently
no one dared descend to the vault, which he
locked and returned to the deck to save what
he could of the Fxpress matter. He succeed
ed in getting forward and in company with
some stout hearts watched by it all night,
while desperadoes Mere ranging and pillaging
the ship, and it was reported, although not sup
posed to be true, that a man had been murder
ed in the lower forward deck.
Ilefore dark the promenade deck and houses
aft of the shaft had all washed away, and others
were torn down to form rafts in readiness for
immediate departure in case of a sudden break,
lor we knew not how soon a gale might strike
the ship and batter her timbers in piecemeal
to the waves.
Night coming on and the fog, which had for
a, short time disappeared, again set in, the
boats stopped running, not being aide to find
the shore, and the terror of our situation began
to stare us in the face. For amid the howling
of the wind, the roaring of the waves, as they
broke upon the decks, and the hoarse orders of
the third officer and .Mr Randall, there arose
the loud accents of anient and despairing
prayers; confusion in the wildest sense prevail
ed, for there were those who had prepared t
Kwim ashore, stiffened with the cold; those who
had sought to drown their fears in the frequent
tlliilfcl.HK lw l.l...- Ov. W ,tM
resignation had prepared themselves for the
worst, ami awaited their fate in peace. Thus
we passed the dismal night, made still more
solemn by the church-like tolling of the bell,
which seemed to beck us on to our funeral.
The scene on shore was enualiv painful. The
boat the first ol'icer commanded, with thirty
one souls, mostly females, was stranded, and
all, with the exception of himself and three
others, who were thrown on the beach appar
ently lifeless, were lost. Here I would record
an instance of female energy seldom equalled
even in the annals of the Revolution. A Mrs
.lane Eiwell, who had exerted herself bv goiiur
overboard from the Goliah, on her way to San
Diego. The report is that two of these were
robbers, who heard that they were recognized,
and that there was a disposition on the part of
some of the passengers to bring them to just
ice. Other passengers express a belief that
the robbers hid themselves, and managed to
have the report spread, so that they could
escape.
When the Captain lelt the ship in the hrst
boat, all on board was in confusion, ami not
five minutes ffud elapsed, before the hell hounds
were at their work. A band ot robbers seem
ed organized at once, and began plundering
the cabin. Thev were armed with revolvers
and kwives, and proceeded coolly to open car
pet bags and trunks, which they ransacked
with all possible despatch, as it was necessary
to hasten through their job in that portion of
the boat, where the water was rapidly coming
in. In the steerage they had full control all
night, and no one dared to enter or to inter
fere. One passenger subsequently exhibited,
yhe next day, a severe gash in the back of his
head which was inflicted while they were tak
ing his watch. Some passengers had to draw
their pistols and present them in order to get
the women and children on the boats the first
day. The plunder party got possession of one
of the boats, and nionev was exacted from
several who got on board. A lot of men on shore
of the same stripe, would give up nothing that
they had obtained without pay. They provided
themselves with canvass and blankets, while
the women were without covering or protection
from the weather save a quantity of brush.
About 7 o'clock the cry oC murder was heard
in the s tee race, and about the same time two
pistol shots were heard. Who was the murder
er, and who the murdered, no one knew. A
number of persons started to go down into the
steerage, but the steps were taken away by
those below, and threats were made that no
one should come down there alive. The condi
tion of affairs on the boat was such that there
was not much disposition to undertake to de
fend the rights of strangers. A number of
persons were assaulted. One person was knock
ed down, and compelled, with a pistol at his
breast, to give up his money. Another was
robbed, and an attempt was made to throw
him overboard. A number more of similar
cases occurred.
When daylight came persons went down into
the steerage and saw some marks of blood; but
if a murder had been committed the body had
been cast into the hold or otherwise disposed
of. The floor of the steerage was covered with
articles of clothing, carpet bags cut to pieces,
and rich China shawls which the miners were
taking as presents to friends at home. In the
morning the boats began again to take off per
sons from the wreck. The third mate and the
purser were the only officers who staid on
board. the passemrers speak in high terms of
the third mate. He expressed his determina
tion to be the last man to leave the wreck; and
he was constantly busy in encouraging the des
ponding and endeavoring to preserve order and
S3stem. Capt. Randall came olf to the steamer
in the morning, in a boat in which he staid till
it got back to shore. He assured those on the
wreck that there was no danger they would
all get off safe.
IJefore the steamer struck, no one had ob
serves! the laud, although the moment after, all
saw it plainly. Capt. Randall was thought by
many to have acted injudiciously, and not to
have exhibited proper firmness; but our infor
mant does not further condemn him. Many on
shore stated that he exerted himself to induce
passengers to return with the boats, and he
himself went baety to the ship twice or three
LETTER FROSI PROF. E3.H0.T8.
TVextworth, Oct. 23, 1854.
To his Excellency David S. lieid.
Sir: There is no advantage in supplying the
soil with an excess of fertilizing matter. This
assertion it will be perceived is a trueism upon
its face, but in the sense 1 wish to be under
stood it is not a trueism. I mean to be nuder- I
stood that there is a limit iu the use of manures,
beyond which they cease to be economical'
Tl le remarks which I have made concerning
the use of guano, if true,
The Insult to Sir Soulc.
The fact, of which there can no longer re
main any question, that Mr Sonic, our Minister
at the Court of Madrid, was prevented entering
or passing through France on his return from
England to his post, naturally enough engages
atteution at home and alinml "a T n.inn
plication of plaster and lime especially the
former, lhe difference in these two bodies is
due in part to their respective solubilities, sul
phate ot lime or gypsum being comparatively a
soluble body wheu compared with the carbon
ate or subcarbonatc of lime. Gypsum employ
ed only in moderate quantities becomes less
and less perceptible in its effects by successive
applications of it upon the same field. This is
undoubtedly clue in part to its accumulation in
the sod; though wheu used by itself it operates
in the mode I have stated, that of hastening
- Kortb Carolina Banking- System.
The following communication is copied from
the Greensboro Patriot. By its coming to ns
marked we presume that the writer desired it
to be published in the Carolinian :
TMitnrs T nnderstand that there
ft i b-;n?m r - i .
will be a bill introduced into the next Legisla- leiicrto the Aew York Times,
, tn charter one or two Banks in room of the j t,u; 21th ult., gives the followiu
present State and cape rear naiiKs. j
Banks proposed will, if chartered, differ ess
tl.llv from the present Banks, as regards
basis
.. " x . i r
safe and reliable, than the present, uiree ior uue
r. nrelettrled specie basis Banks." I do not
j x
f true, illustrate this assor-tu: which thev will be organized. The j On
tion. lhe same thiner is indicated in tho -in. !... r thow Ranks will move more stable, i his
The affai'
esscn- -lr couIe. having snout iwn. rim-c ; T...ir,,i
the ; set out last Tuesday for M.ti ui vi,. IV.
The On his arrival at Calais, he was asked to show
Lafcr from Europe.
The steamer America has arrived with Lon
don and Liverpool dates to the 28th ultimo.
Sevastopol had not yet fallen. The batteries
were ready on the loth ultimo, and on the 17th
the bombardment was commenced by land and
sea, and continued till night. Tin: Russians
nnder date of i lost five hundred men in killed and wounded,
items of the j Admiral Korileff was killed. The fortification
1 suffered but little damage. On the 18th the
bombardment was resumed from the allied
batteries only. When the mail left Constanti
nople on the lfith live steamers had arrived at
passports, and. bavin-' done so was n-miosi- i Balaklava with the wounded in repeimg a great
ed to step into an iimoi- rn.n r.f fK 1!,,,....,,. .irk ! sortio of twenty thousand strong. Raglan and
Rohce. Here he was told that h must lc:iv I Courobert had formally summoned hebastopol
believe that there is a Bank m the fetate that i the country by the next steamer ami that he i to surrender, and required the women, me
. a now n Us vaults one dollar in gold or silver, I would not be allowed in the "meanwhile to "o ' children, and the sick to be sent away, and flags
urp it has six of paper iu circulation
my object is to give the outlines of the
nivon which it is proposed to organize the
upon
Bauks
And
tor one
I confess I
dais.
beinir iu fact.
said
our
placed j to be hoisted upon the hospitals, co nu as
known the Russian army concentrating on the
; Upper Belbek already number forty-five thou
sand. The allied army was divided into a siege
ooiiiinend it too highly to the consideration of "There is not the slightest mistake, sir," was ! army and an army of observation. lhe hitter
Trislature. All" Banks and banking sys- the reply; "you are MrSoule, the Ambassador j were posted on the extensive table land which
pvils but this I think as ot the United States ot America at the Court separates jialaKiava irom cci.im. .ui, mm ac
But
plan
new
cannot re-
anywhere out of C
under surveillance.
"There must be a mistake, sir,
minister: "do you know who 1 am?"
the Legislature
tems are necessary
o ; near
faultless as any I have yet seen or thought j of Spain, and I have orders not to let you
the exhaustion of a soil in oneor more of the ! if I rightly comprehend it. The certificates Piiss-
eessibie only irom io juiu.;-.
were hovering on the outside
The Russians
of the Allies'
expensive elements, it, as has been asserted
above, there is a limit in the use of certain min
eral fertilizers and at which we should stop, it
becomes an important inquiry with planters to
know when the quantity of a fertilizer ceases to
be economical and useful. This inquiry, which
it is acknowledged is among the most interest
ing and important, has not received as yet ;
i
f to-k in all the Rail Koads of the State, are
to be made the basis of Bauk circulation or
issues, on the following stringent condition.
The certificates are to be first signed over and
deposited with the Treasurer of the State or
Comptroller. Then twenty-five per cent, of
their amount is to be paid in by the actual
oicners of the certificates in gold and silver to
much attention. It cannot in the present stateHQLe same officer or agent appointed b him
of our knowledge receive a satisfactory solu-J When this is done the Treasurer will be a uthori-
tion. It requires in the first place a tolerably
exact knowledge of the composition of the soil;
in the second place, a knowledge of the compo
sitioH of the plant we wish to cultivate. Much
has been done, however, which will throw light
upon these important questions. But the culti
vated plants differ in their relations to fertilizers.
Indian corn bears large quantities of manure;
wheat would be almost ruined bv the quantity
which is often put upon a corn field; the fertili
zed to have plates of all denominations prepared
and bills struck off when he will be required to
sign and hand over to the President and Di
rectors of the Banks the amount of the certi
ficates on deposit and not a dollar more. In
addition to the gold and silver over and above
the certificates. The Stockholders are to be
made personally liable to double the amount of
their stock, and the Slate is to pledge her faith
and credit to see all notes issued on her stock
yours,
acting-
sir, these or
upon them,"
zing matter being appropriated by the straw iu j ultimately redcned. But this is not all the
the case of w heat, while in the case of Indian j president and Directors are to have power to
corn the grain appropriates it in due propor- ,.nll in additional instalmoiits nf frold and silver
tion to the herbage. So the kind of fertilizers
has an important influence. Those which con
sist of organic matter mostly are appropriated
by the herbage, and we get a large and exces
sive growth of straw and leaf, while the grain
is poorly supplied with nutriment. The fact is,
each kind of husbandry has its own individual
questions to propose and solve the tobacco
planter hr.s his, the wheat, corn and cotton
growers the.rs respectively; tor each ot these j
plants it is needful that the composition of the
soil be known, together with that of the plant
it is designed to cultivate. These questions,
which appear at first perplexing, become more
simple when a rotation of crops is contempla
ted. We begin, for example, with a knowl
edge of the soil a reference to analyses of the
rops in the determined rotation will inform ns
respecting their composition. Our first crop
being weighed, we may calculate to a pound
what fertilizers, and what amounts of them
lave been removed from the soil and what still
remauis. ow we observe under this state ot
things what our next crop is whether it is
the crop which considering the labor bestowed
md the expenses consumed in its production is,
upon the wnoie, the most profitable tor ns.
e test it by weight, both the grain and offal,
as the butchers would say, and then make the
calculation. The question is, is the product
such as will give the greatest profit in market.
My remarks are tending to two points, one to
show that there is a limit in the amount of
from the Stockholders if circumstances should
render it prudent and advisable. The Banks
Where arc your orders sir?" asked Mr
Soule.
"This is no business of
ders are for me, and I am
said the Commissary.
This happened at Calais. Something more
was said, but of no public concern. MrSoule
left by the next steamer and reached London
lAte in the evening day before yesterday. The
news being made known in American circles,
the greatest excitement prevailed, and, as may
be imagined, measures of all sorts were suggest
ed amidst great indignation.
The same correspondent goes on to say that
this was intended as an insult to Mr, Soule in
his official character, and with the apparent
view of provoking a rupture with the United
States. The French Minister of Foreign Affairs
has, it seems, refused to give any explanation,
when addressed on the subject by Mr Mason,
our Minister at the Court of France, and it is
even asserted by the Times correspondent that
Mr Mason himself did not receive the respect
ful treatment due to his position. But this
letter, of course, is merely the gossip ot an
his
are to be prohibited from dividing as a dividend i irresponsible letter-writer anxious to make
on the capital stock more than three per cent. corm,1Unication portentous.
into the water alongside of the boats, and carry
ing the ladies ashore, saw the almost lifeless
bodies of two ladies, and said to a young man,
7 ml O
"you take one and I'll take another," and she
picked up one of the bodies and placed it on
her shoulder, ami carried it up an almost per
pendicular bin If, to a spot where they had found
a camp, and built fires, and afterwards, togeth
er with many other ladies, stripped off all her
under-clothcs, and gave them to the exhausted
men.
During the night a number of bodies washed
ashore, among others a female with a child
clasped in her arms, the wife of Mr Brennan,
who as an extraordinary instance of devoted
love, went on shore with spade in hand dug
up his wife and child kissed them prayed
over them and then re-buried them.
At daybreak the boats were again set in mo
tion" whcii'Mr HeVitt 'cSme on board, and al
though much bruised, his stout heart never for
saking him, recommenced the discharge of his
duties with astonishing energy.
At 8 o clock A. M. our hearts were made
glad by the appcarencc of a steamer on our
larboard quarter, which proved to be the Go-
liah, bamuel Haley, Lsq., commander, who, as
if by a kind dispensation of Providence, appear
ed sent to our relief, for had we dependei
upon our own boats a large number would have
been lost, as wo could not have got ashore that
day, and tnat nignt the wreck went to pieces,
so that nothing in the morning was seen but a
shell of the stern, which had separated and
turned bottom up.
Before leaving the wreck, we sent on shore
all the provisions to be found, awning and
poles for tents, beds, bedding, clothing, etc., for
the usV of those that remained, whom it was
found necessary to leave, as the Goliah was too
heavily freighted to receive them on board.
But it is to be regretted that the actual suffer
ers never received the provisions sent them, for
a party composed mostly of firemen insensible
to humanity ami holding the advantage by
having iu their possession a large quantity of
fire arms and ammunition, took for themselves
almost e verytliing that went on shore, and
money was seen in their possession, which they
could not have obtained honestly.
It is supposed that about thirty lives are
lost, whose names, with the exception of a few
could not be ascertained.
Front, the Steamer Placer and Transcript.
In regard to the number of lives lost there is
much difference of opinion among the passen
"gers. Some think thirty were lost, and ?'utne
estimate it as high as sixty. In one boat load
swamped twelve were lost, in another five, in
another three, &c. One man who had two
carpet bags fastened to his neck one on each
side, was so anxious to get to shore' that he
jumped from the steamer intending to swim to
si small boat which was near, receiving passen
gers, but his carpet bags were too much for
him. He sank like a stone.
Besides, it is said that three persons jumped
upon the shore, to preserve the two boats from
destruction on the rocks. The captain stated
that if the boats were landed where he had
designated, no lives would have been lost on
shore. Much credit is given to the third mate,
who did all that he could to preserve order and
cheer those remaining on board.
Is Money Scarce?
There are few phrases (says the Philadelphia
Argus) repeated oftencr or with more unction
in our streets, at the present time, than that
"money is scarce." In all circles, and among
all classes of people, this is the burden of con
versation. The merchant complains with his
shelves loaded with goods, the farmer while
eceiving a most unheard-of price for his pro
duce, the mechanic with labor in abundance,
and thus on through the whole classification of
industrial pursuits. An assertion so universallj'
made ought to be true. l et it is not. There
is more money in the United States now than
there ever was at any previous time. This fact
an be established by tracing the production
and importation of gold and silver into this
country and contrasting it with the quantity ex-
orted since the discovery of gold in California.
If money is scarce, then it must be attributable
to some cause other than a want of gold and
ilver. The editor of the Cincinnati Price Cur
rent, speaking on this Jbject, says :
e have a monev panic, and there is a want
of confidence in financial and commercial cir
cles. These are facts, the existence of which
no one will deny. Now, what has caused this?
Money is scarce, we are told, but the truth of
this depends on the meaning that is attached to
the word scarce. Literally, this is not true;
tor, it an article is plenty to-day, it cannot be
scarce to-morrow, unless the supply iu the mean
time is diminished. The supply of money in the
!..-, i: :..:! 1 i" . .
uuuiiii nits nut, iiiiiimiMivu, uni, on me con
trary, it has increased. There is more money
in the United States to-dav than there was a
year ago, or at any former period. But if by
the word scarce it is meant that money cannot
be obtained for commercial uses, then we can
readily admit the trutli ot the phrase money
is scarce' which is so very common at this
time.
It follows; therefore, that the money panic
is the result of errors in trade, or, if you please
'overtrading.' This has been going on for years
A while ago we wre rushing on with locomo
tive speed on the road of 'progress.' The credit
system was liberal, and as debts were bein
paid by the creation of new obligations, few
seemed to feel that a day' for actual payment
was approaching. JJecause difficulties were not
experienced then, it was supposed that every
thing was working well that we were growing
rich rapidly, and that the surplus capital of the
world was being concentrated in the United
States. The war in Europe would destroy con
fidenee there and build it up here; it would de
press xne snipping interests ot other nations
and advance those of ours. The state of things
that exists at present shows us to be ashort
sighted set of mortals."
Dkath of Mazzixi. There were five hundred
deaths trom Cholera n Turin during the month
ot September, among whom are numbered Air
Barker, the British Consul, and Mazzini the
liauau xke oiui ionary leader.
ri-T - I i l . .
mere is sam to oe a man m Worcester who
has lived so long upon corn bread that his voice
has become tntshy, his hair has turned to silk
inve uiai which grows on the grain, and his
toes are covered with eorus.
given crop, and that each crop has its own
hint ; they are not guaged by the same meas-
ure, but eacn nas us guage and us own meas
ure, and these are points which it is needful to
determine. As a general thing it is not profita
ble to raise a mammoth crop of corn or wheat,
or a mammoth ox or hog. In each animal
there is a limit beyond which a profit ceases to
be reaped. But it is useful to know what can
be done and what the extreme of production
may be with our present knowledge and present
means. One hundred and fifty bushels of In
dian corn may undoubtedly be raised upon a
single acre; but then the inquiry may well be
made will attempts to reach this amount pay
us the most profit in its production ? Do we
turn our labor and our manure to the most pro
fit in such attempts ? W hat results give the
most profit when labor and money are put into
the balance, is the true question, though it is
undoubtedly true that the determination will
show that there is a tolerably- wide range in the
inasmuch
semi-annually. If they make more it is to be
paid over to the State Treasurer as a tax
on the stock of the Banks. This plan is not
only abundantly safe but liberal, and far prc-
iferable to the free Banking law that relies alone
npon the Bonds of the State to keep their paper
at par and current with the people. Besides it
will do more to improve North Carolina than
any thing the next Legislature can do. My
word for it, Messrs Editors, it will be a triumph
worth boasting of if our next Legislature will
but say that no man in future can own a share
in a North Carolina Bank, unless he owns one
in some one of our Rail Roads. I know four
men in North Carolina who are reported to be
worth from a half to a quarter of a million of
dollars each, and thrc are scores of others that
I do not know who belong to the same school
now not one of these gentlemen own one cent
of stock in any of our roads, but they do own
all the Bank stock they could get, and have
owned it since 1804, and are now anxious to
have the charters of the present Banks renewed,
that they may hand their Bank Stock, that has
on an average paid them more than 10 per
cent., down to their children and grand children.
These men have been the active and controlling
partners with the State for the last fifty years
and more, and thev have found the business
in u t TTiej nave oeeu so Ions' engaged
communication portent ou
The London Times inclines to consider the
affair unimportant. "The right of excluding
from the territory of France such persons as
they did not think fit to admit," says the Times,
"has been exercised by the present as well as
every preceding government of France." It
contends that the grievance of Mr Soule is a
private affair, and insists that though he holds
the commission of a Minister of the United
! States iu Spain, he has no official or public
character in France or any other country. So
the matter stands. The main personal spite at
Mr Soule arises from his difficulty with the
Duke of Alba, the brother-in-law of the French
Empress, resulting in the wounding, in a duel,
ofM. Turgot, the Minister of France at the
court of Spain. Of course the newspaper ac
counts are all highly colored and much of them
totally untrue, but it still remains evident that
the feelings exhibited by the French Emperor
arc neither those of friendship nor courtesy to
wards this country, and it is sufficiently appar
ent that he seeks rather than avoids a collision
with the United States. Fortunately Congress
will soon be in session and the official character
of the affair will probably- appear in the Presi
dent's Message, if not sooner. IV tint. Jour.
positions. On the 1th they made a strong de
monstration on the northwest extremity of the
camp, but were kept in check, mid retired with
out a battle. On the 2d, fth and 11th, the
garrison of Sebastopol made sorties and destroy
ed some small works. In the evening of the
ith a convoy of four thousand Russians succeed
ed in entering Sebastopol. The Allies number
110,000 and 8,000 additional French werti
ready to embark from Marseilles ou the 21st,
and 8,000 Turks from Varna. Letters say that
the Allies have 300 guns in battery. After a
few days lire they will attempt to storm the
! garrison, which is estimated to contain forty
j thousand men.
Another polar expedition is to be sent out in
the spring to bring home the remains of Sir
,lohiFrnnklin's party. Dr Rae is to have com
mand of this expedition.
Mr Soule's return to Madrid caused quite an
excitement there. The clamor made was such
as to cause the Spanish Government to solicit
his recall.- Queen Isabella has abandoned the
idea of abdicating.
Canton was still besieged September 0th.
The distress of the besieged was great. The
iusurgents vet held Shanghai.
capacity of a plantation to produce,
as circumstances may give one planter facilities
for doing certain things which are not possessed j thev can to aid and iinnrove their Old Mother
nsr engage! in, so
honorable and highly profitable that yon cannot
get a cent out of their pockets for any improve
ment in the State whatever. Nor can the
wisdom of man prevent them and their friends
from again monopolizing the stock in any and
all banks that may hereafter be chartered, un
less the plan here faintly shadowed forth be
adopted. Let this be done by the approaching
Legislature, and be assured there will be a
blow in the way of reformation struck that will
be felt for good in every portion of the State.
Wilmington, Beaufort, Newbern, Fayetteville,
Salisbury and Charlotte the east" and the
west, yea, all North Carolina is deeply and
vitally interested in the matter. Should the
Legislature but adopt this principle to act vjwn
tunc and in future ; North Carolina can continue
to build Rail Roads of the first class whenever
they may be needed without greatly augment
ing the present taxes. My head to my enemies
and my heart as a bounty to the State if it does
not prove to be so. Why should there be a
preference forever shown by the State to those
who hoard up the wealth over those who do all
l wobk. In
(ever intent
July Iunx,
upon some
bv others. AVe must make a distinction in
what is useful to the community trom what is
profitable to ourselves individually. It is use
ful to know the utmost capacity of a soil to
produce under an abundant use of fertilizers,
but it is for each planter and tanner to deter
mine the exact limit where his labors will give
him lhe maximum profits.
Most respectfully your ob t serv't.
E. EMMONS.
Remarkable Case of Second Sioht. A
New York letter mentions the following extra
ordinary incident, in connection with the loss
of the Arctic :
A young gentleman, lately residing in this
city, fell through a hatchway in his father's
store some time last summer, and was severely
injured, one side of his body becoming com
pletely paralyzed, and after a while he entirely
lost the faculty of speech. Iu this position ud
remained until the 27th ultimo, (about the
time of the accident to the Arctic, on board
which steamer it was known that the yonng
man's father was a passenger,) when he sudden
ly started up in his sleep, and exclaimed, to the
surprise of all present "My father is drowning!"
fell back upon his pillow and died Tt woe
the first time he had spoken for months- and it
unc tIip Inst, fnrovoi- '
rhere is a strong, first family influence a kind
of monied aristocracy-, embodied iu the Stock
holders of the State and Cape Fear Banks, that
have literally grown rich off of the people, and
who have as yTet done nothing for the State, that
has ruled long enough. For one I am anxious
to see a change wrought. Why should not the
Stockholders in the Wilmington and Raleigh,
the Wilmington and Manchester, the Raleigh
and Gaston and the N. Carolina Rail Roads,
who have sacrificed so much of their time and
capital, now be taken in copartnership with the
State as bankers on the terms above indicated,
as well as those who may hereafter contribute to
the construction of similar works of improvement
in this State. There is no danger of the bank
ing capital of the Sta te ever becoming too great
nnder these circumstances. If any thing it will
be too small. REFORM.
was the last forever
The young man referred to was a son of Mr
G. G. Smith, of New York, who was lost in
the Arctic.
The President of the Senate. It is under
stood that the Hon. D. It. Atchison of Missouri
will not be in Washington during the coming sesl
sion of Congress His termexpires on the 4th of
March next, and we take it for granted that his
determination to remain in Missouri dnriii"-the
winter is the better to enable him to attend to his
share of his contest with Colonel Benton, the end
of which may not come off for some months to
come. His absence from the Senate Chamber
will make the election of another pro tent. Presi
dent of the Senate necessary From all we learn
there can be little doubt that honor will fall upon
Senator Rusk, of Texas. At least, that is the
opinion of all here who are credited with being
men of shrewdness in looking npon things politi
cal. Washington Star. c
BgMr. Chas. W. Stewart, an Assistant
Door Keeper of the House of Representatives at
Washington, committed suicide on Sunday last
by taking poison. He was found lying dead on
the sofa in the Speaker's room.
Crime in Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, Nov. 1. A woman was arrest-
ied in this city yesterday charged with the mur
der of her two children. The name of the
miserable woman is Pamelia Myers, alias Snyder.
She confessed her most unnatural crimes to
Mavor Conrad, and said she had killed in suc
cession five children as soon as they were born!
Two were by one father and three by another.
The last child was born five days "since, and
she made way with it, like the others, by throw
ing it into a sink.
'The first information of these most revolting
crimes was communicated to the mayor in an
anonymous letter, when steps were imme
diately taken to bring the woman to justice.
The murders were committed in Nicetown, in
the npper section of the consolidated city. The
woman has never been married.
Submarine communication with Europe. The
submarine cable, one hundred and thirty miles
long, it is said, is nearly completed, and will be
laid across the Gulf of St. Lawrence, connecting
St. John, Newfoundland, with New York, as
soon as the ice will permit. No doubt is expressed
of the completion of the undertaking early in
June next. About three hundred miles of the
land telegraph between St. John and Cape Ray,
which is three-quarters of the entire Ieugth
contemplated, is already finished, and a month's
inlifir is all that is required for the remainder.
On the completion of the whole line news will
be received from Europe in all the principal
cities of the United States four or live days
sooner than at present.
the Rev. Dr. Hawk
work for the good of his native State,) addressed
to one gentleman in every county in the State,
a Circular containing a series of questions in
regard to matters pertaining to each county
respectively. AVe regret to learn from him, that
out of SO counties replies have been received
from only 15. As the Circulars passed through
our hands, and we had an opportunity to ob
serve with what delicacy- the postage was not
only pre-paid, but stamps enclosed to pay the
postage ou the answers, we did hope that the
gentlemen addressed would all promptly res
pond. Knowing something of the purpose to
which the information is to be applied, we are
enabled to state, that it is purely a labor of
love on the part of Dr Hawks, out of which,
though others may make money, he will simply
gratify a desire to serve North Carolina, not
only without profit, but at some little pecuniary
expense and the devotion of much time & labor.
With this statement, we respectfully and earn
estly urge the gentlemen addressed "to respond
without delay.
The counties heard from are, Bladen, Cabar
rus, Caldwell, Carteret, Columbus, Granville,
Montgomery, Moore, Orange, Richmond, Row
an, Rutherford, Sampson, Stokes, Union. Re
plies are desired from "all the others. Fan.
Observer.
The Revolutionary Patriot, Robert Morris.
The following extract from an unpublished
work now in the press contains some information
in regard to Morris, the patriot, which we have
never yet seen in print :
"Robert Morris, was an Englishman by birth,
and came to this country when he was about 14
years of age. The determination of Washington
to turn his arms against Cornwallisat Yorktown
was very sudden. He went to Morris and told
him he wanted money, without which he could
not proceed. Morris replied that there was
not one cent in the treasury; but he went to
work and raised 1,400,000 o'n his own security,
and provided provisions, 100 pieces of field
artillery, and 80 battery artillery. Without
this, the army could not have moved, Yorktown
would not have been taken, and of course the
war would not have come to a conclusion per
haps might have ended in another manner. One
thing is certain it would have been prolonged."
It is stated that a bar of iron, of almost any
size, may be instantly sundered whiJe hot, by
the simple application of a piece of common roll
brimstone. A knowledge of this fact will be
useful w hen some piece of iron work is required
to be severed, but which, as is sometimes the
case, is so constructed and situated that no
ordinary chisel or cutting tool can be brought
to apply. Holes may be instantly perforated
through bars or plates of heated iron, by the
application of pointed pieces of brimstone. There
is also a method of sawing or cutting hardened
steel, by means of a circular piece of common,
thin iron plate, or sheet iron, adjusted to a lathe,
or otherwise put into violent rotary motion ; this
will readily cut off a pile, cutting-tool, or
tempered steel spring, without drawing or reduc
ing the temper.
Tire Bible. The need of a new translation
of the Bible has, of late attracted considerable
attention in the religions world, the result of
which has been to awaken more thoroughly
the pnblic mind to the alleged necessity for a
new version. 1 he tact is announced by a learn
ed committee of the American Bible Society,
that the received version of the Bible published
by King James, contains errors no less than
twenty four thousand in number.
Singular accident. The Des Arc (Arkansas)
Citizen of the 14th ult., says: "We have been
shown a n extract of a" letter from a gentleman
residing near La wrcnceville, Monroe county, in
which lie states that Aaron McMuiSin, aged
some ten or twelve years, was killed by the bite
of a rattlesnake under the following 'circum
stances: It seems that the head of the snake
had been severed from its body and laid on a
log. The little fellow hail forgotten the head
was there, and laid his arm in its mouth, 'which
was instaiitly closed on it, and was only disen
gaged by 'pulling it off with his other hand,
tearing a vein ami an artery of his arm. He
died in twenty-four hours from the effects of the
bite."
COMMERCIAL RECORD.
A 11 U I V K I) A T V A Y K T T K V 1 I. L K ,
Nov. 15 and 10. 8trs Kouilierm r anil Kvcr-fm en,
(K.jres.s Line.) with lmkkIs Cor K W Willkinys, 1 hint,
Addeltoii A AlcIIniy. K A Vogler Y ('. S J'oe V ".
T Lienhsu-k. F .Milh r. .1 Kin-h, A .1 ) 1 inn ! at. i'.enl w,
Kyle A '. I) v V .Mel.uarui L . llrit! hi . IN v 1: J) -Scliwinitz.
Cook A', Johnson. V I'r'us. Ii Mitt-hell .1 V T
WiKl.lill. Win booth. V N Tillin.-luist. W II C;u v r. .1
t.Htiirlmrg. II - 1 hoinoson. v It I) Diinkcn. INuiim y
t lh-o. L it (lilison.ti W I'mie. (1 bnunlt. Mnj T S l.iiiU-h-v,
J W Sandloid. J W Andrews, (' iolhol A' Co.
.1 V 1'owers. I. CV.rt is. JUusliy A- Jloiistwm. ill' M V.
C, McDonald A Mc.MasO r, .lun. s A Celt. K Clbdl.
bush A l;ro. T C I'l'olil A Co. K IVnry. Miss 1. J J n-. .-,
Miss 11 .Stiirlmek; K M liolt. J (N e. "
Nov. 1" Sir flora McboiiiiM. (Oiii Yivr Line.)
with ools for M Mei!(li nliii:i, K K Mc mh nh;ill. St; f
iord. Clark A Ilixon. W I!rovn. M L Holmes. S Younj;-,
A A McKetlian. J N Nelson. Mei oney A l.ni khi ml. J
Stallonl. J Cowles. Jenkins. ltohertsA Co. Moss A l'ur
ker, J M Collin, J llonili. llr.1 1 lolini;sw i th. K l;e k
erdite. Dillon. Johnson A Co. Mrs S.I Hart. Vestal A:
Watson, J Thon;iiso;i A ( 'o. JIai iihardt A Sullivan. Hon
J W Kills. V." It Holt. J 11 Lindsay. S J Hii.-dale. J no
Kendall, Martin A Carter. Starr A' Williams. HMni .hy,
J 11 Thompson. K Cray. (J V Williams A ( 'o. Ingrain
it Steel. K llelo. J Slater. M nreliU on. IN id A Co. W A
bash, M r.rown. T Knjilish A Co. J Clnyas. W H j:rit
tain. Thomson A Haines. 1- K A i in.-1 1 onjj . S Johnson.
Winhourii A Witty. 11 M bash A Co. T ' l'lalln r, T
Smith. Shell v A Patterson, Cov Morehead. K licarne.
J li Melton. "Houston A )vrl.v. J M Worth A Co. V 11
& 1) C Hardin, V H Correli. C' W An drews.
Nov. l.r Str Fanny. ( I.ut terloh's Line.) w ith poods
for H L Mvrovc r. 1 A W McLaurin. L AV Willkinvs. M
A Laker. S Y Tillin phast A Co. K J Hal'-. John
sou. K W Kinlaw. A A Melntosh. C T Haii;!i, 1N. klish
Co. H W Llack. N Cihson. J H I'ritehett. H A K J
Lilly. C K Leete. A J MclNtc. S 1 1 Steel. J W Lowers,
C Liitlcrloh. Mrs S K Woniark, N McLean. N Cil so!).
Kay A l'earce. T J John; on. Mel humid A Whalcy. Wil
liamson A'. Overlianeh. pi- peter Uiifiv. Maj T S L;i;d
lev. A J Turlington. Cedar Falls Co',J T Waddill,
T'J Curtis. T S Lutterloli.
Nov. S. Str Southerner (Fxjr ss Line). Nov Huh.
Str Li-others (Lanks' Line). Nov. HJth, Str Cov.Crn
ham. (Capo Fear Line.) all with goods lor merchants
of this place and the interior.
PORT OF WILMINGTON'.
Arrived. Nov 1th. Schr Onward from New York-
Iirijrs Levant and William F Satl'ord . from Cardenas.
N O T I C E .
All necessary preparations have heen made to re
ceive all articles to he e.xhihited at, the first. Annual
Fair for the county of Curnlerland. which will com
mence on Wednesday the "2d inst. All are called up
on to come and exhibit their hest. The speech of Hon.
A. W. Yenahie will he delivered at the Fair (Jrouml.s
on Thursday the 2.'Jd. at 12 o'clock, M.
A meeting of the A.ericnltural Society will Ik;
held at the Town Hall on Tuesday the 11th inst. at '.!
o'clock, p. in.
Nov 11th. Town papers copy
DANCING ACADEMY.
JOHN WORD presents his compliment-! to the
Ladies and (icntlemen of Fayetteville. and r spect
rally informs them that he will open a Hai.icin- School
as soon sis suHieint encouragement he ;iven.
J. W. returns hi" sincere thanks for a rendition of
past favors. A subscription list is left at tin; Fayette
ville Hotel, w here terms will he made known.
Nov. , l!Mt
Somewhere in Town, a Pocket Hook containing a
three dollar hill, and one note lor three hundred dollars
payable to myself, against W. J. McDiarmid, and some
other papers. The liuder will be liherallv rewarded
by leaving it at the Store of Samuel Cain. Jr.
JOHN W. McLEAN.
Nov. 1M 4. 2t
STOLEN.
The stiliseriber had stolen fron him on last Tuesday
night, the 7th inst,, a II ( USL A NI), LFC J Y, a t his
plantation in Carver's N-ck. The Horse is low iu
Mesh, of a sorrel color. The Luggv is considerably
worn, and has one side of the iashboard broken oil.
inere is also a new sett of Harness which the
aiso sioic. t roin all the information I can
oi ine opinion mat IVter (iot it tl,.. tl.,.;r
Cotier is about 21 years old, of small statue, dark
comph-etion, about . feet high; he is supposed to have
gone into Sampson county. Any information given
so that I can get either the Horse and tii.-gv or the
thcif, will le suitably rewarded. Address " "
It. P. FliEKMAX,
Gray's Creek 1'. O.. Cumberland Co.
Nov. 11, 1 S5 1. i y-tf
theif
get, 1 am
COMMON SCHOOLS.
The Committee will meet at the office of the Chair
man, on the 27th. 2th and 29th of NovemLcr for the
purpose of examining those who wish to teach in the
Commou Schools of Cumberland County.
KDWD LKK WINSLOW,
J. T. WA KDKN.
Fayetteville, Oct. 23,
W. A.
151.
IHSKE.
17-4t