THE liftfiTHf CAROtlNIAN, FA Y ETT E VI LLE,
On
NORTH C1ROLI51 LEISLATCRE.f
January the 4th, in the Senate, on" mo
tion of Mr Cunningham, the committee on Mili
tary Affairs was instructed to inquire into the
expediency of abolishing: so much of the Militia
laws as requires stated meetings, and to pro
vide for an enrollment of those subject to mili
tary duties.
A message was received from the House of
Commons informing the Senate that the House
had passed the bill from the Senate to author
ize the county court ih several counties to pay
the wardens of the poor, -with -' an - amendment
making the law a general one, which was con
curred 111. , , : f.,: l .
In the House of Conimous, the committee on
Private bills asked to be discharged from the
further consideration of a - bill changing the
time of holding courts in Sampson and Cumber
laud. ' Mr McKesson introduced a bill for the
benefit of the wives and children of intemperate
husbands, by making it unlawful to sell intoxi
cating liquors to such persons, uuder penalty
of fiue and imprisonment. The bill was referred
to the committee on the Judiciary.
An Engrossed bill authorizing the county
courts to pay the Wardens of the Poor in
several counties was read the second time. A
number of counties were proposed as amend
ments. When on motion of Mr Singletary, the
several counties named were stricken out and
the bill made general in its provisions, yet
leaving it discretionary with the several county
courts. The bill, as amended, passed. A, bill
incorporating the French Broad s Railroad,
having been made the special order of the day,
was taken op, read the second time, amended
in some unimportant particular, and passed.
The engrossed bill authorizing the issuing addi
tional stock in the Seaboard and Roanoke Rail
road was read the second and third times and
passed. An engrossed resolution authorizing
Major Gwynn, Engineer, to visit the works' on
Cape Fear and Deep River, was read the se
cond time.
In the Senate, January the 5th, the engross
ed resolution in favor of Warren Winslow, was
read three times and passed. Mr Wilder in
troduced a resolution appropriating $4,000 for
the repair of the Governor's House and enclos
ure of the lot, which was referred to the com
mittee on Public Buildings.
In the House of Commons, Mr Norment in
troduced a resolution instructing the Literary
Board to inquire into the propriety of loaning
$1000 to the Robeson Institute, which, on
motion of Mr Williams of New Hanover, was
referred to the committee on Education.
Mr Shipp introduced the following resolution :
Resolved, That the committee on Banks be
requested to inform this House, whether, in
their opinion, any increase of the Banking
Capital of the State is demanded by the wants
of the People; and whether any new Banks
should be established at this session of the
Legislature ? If so, what number ? Where
located ? and what amount of capital ?
The resolution was debated at some length
by Messrs7 Shipp, D. F. Caldwell, and Myers,
after which the resolution was adopted.
Mr Xorment introduced a bill incorporating
the Spring Hill Academy in Robeson, which
was referred to the committee on Corporations
Mr Shepherd introduced a bill for the better
regulation and keeping np of Public roads in
this State, which was referred to the committee
on Grievances and ordered to be printed.
Wilmington and Charlotte llailroad.
The special order of the day the bill incor
porating the Wilmington and Charlotte Rail
road Company was taken Bp. On motion of
Mr Steele, the bill was amended in some unim
portant particulars, when he addressed the
House on the merits of the bill at considerabie
length, setting forth the benefit to be derived
from the proposed improvement, the practica
bility of the work, the safety to the State, and
the claims of the section of the State he repre
sented upon the Legislature to afford aid in the
enterprise. He alluded briefly to the monetary
pressure and thought the worst had passed and
set forth the advantages to be derived from
the sale of the products of the marginal coun
ties within the borders of our own State, lie
concluded his remarks by an invocation to the
Legislature to deliver the border counties from
the commercial grasp of South Carolina, and
place the citizens of those counties on an equal
ity with the other counties; and be recognised
indeed and in truth as a portion of the Com
monwealth of North Carolina, within whose
borders many of her citizens were boru and
many of them wish to die.
Mr Shipp introduced an amendment to the
bill, proposing to strike out Chprlotte and
insert Asheville, and spoke to the merits of the
bill.
Mr McKesson proposed an amendment to
strike out Charlotte and insert Asheville via
Swannauoa Gap, and said :
It was a duty he owed himself and his con
stituents to place himself in a proper position
by explaining the reason why he voted for the
bill. He did it for the prot action of the West-
ern extension;, ne ien. a ueep micrcai m
State at large, and particularly that portion of,
it from whence he came; he, therefore, could
not omit any opportunity without sincerely and
earnestly calling upon this House this House
composed of North Carolinians not Eastern,
'Western, or. sectional members menioers wav
ing naught but the good of the State at heart.
Mr McKesson said, greatly as he loved the
old Key Stone that gave him birth, he was,
and hoped to God he ever should be, a true
North Carolinian, and as such I tell you, Mr
Sneaker, we want proper means for the com
munication of intelligence, and for the transpor
tation of our own resources from West to Last,
and from East to West. Said Mr McKessou,
railroads are all essential In peace, and doubly
so in war. Suppose, said he, we were engaged
iu war with a foreign nation, how long would
it take onr hardy mountain boys to reach the
sea shore,
Mr Norment spoke in favor, of the bill as
orisrinallv presented.
The ouestion arising on the amendment of
Mr McKesson, it was rejected.
The question arising ' on th3 amendment of
fered by Mr Shipp, the ayes and nays were
called by A. II.' Caldwell with the following
result: ayes 21' nays 78.
The bill was further amended on motion of
Mr Mebane. , '
Mr Martin moved to strike out the section
requiring the State to endorse the Bouds of
the Company, on which the following vote was
announced ayes 45, nays 55.
The question arising on the ; passage of the
bill the second time, the ayes and ways were
demanded with the following result ;. t .' ,
- Ayes Messrs. Amis, Baxter, Black, Boyle, Bryson,
; D F Caldwell, A. H Caldwell, Cansler. Chadwick,
Cook, .Davenport, Dunn, Furr, Garland, Gentry, Gil
liam, Gorrell, G Green, J H Headen, A D Headen,
Hortori,' Humphreys, Johnson, A J Jones, Jordan.
Lancaster,.' Hugh Leach. Mann, McKesson, Meares, Me
bane, Myers- S J Neal, J W Neal, Norment, Oglesby,
Patterson, Patton, Phillip. Regan, Rolen, Rose, Rus
sell, Shepherd, Shipp, Sharpe, Sherrtil, Simmons,
Stubbs. Steele; Suttoa, Turner, Vance, G M White.
N B Whitfield, Whitlock, Wilkins, B F Williams, T H
Williams and Yancy 59.
N.-j-a Messrs J Barnes, A Barnes, Badham, Blow,
Brvant. Bullock, J B Bynum, Cotton, Craven, Daniel,
Dausrhtrv. Dortch:' Flvnt M Green, Hill, Holland,
Jarvis, Jenkins, J M Leaeh, Long, Lyon, March, Mar
tin, Outlaw, Rand, Sellny, settle, naw, smanwwu,
Thornburg, . Tomlinson, I Walser. Waugh, Whitaker,
Winston, S A Williams, j w w imams, v nn
and Wright. 39.
Saturday, Jan. 6, 1855.
The bill to charter the Eastern extension of
the North Carolina Road passed its second
reading in the House to-day by a vote of 91 to
14. Those who voted against it are, Messrs
Badham, J Barnes, Gotten, Dunn, Hill, Hol
land, Jarvis, Jenkins, Martin, Shaw, C W
Williams, D Williams, S A Williams aud
Winston.
A exeat many reports were made by the
several Committees of the House. In favor of
taximr the venders of eoodsby sample; also, to
nav Justices of the Peace for taking lists of
taxables. . .
: The Committee on Banks made some impor
tant reports. In compliance with the resolu
tion of Mr Shipp, they report that the Banking
capital should be increased to meet the wants
of the people, and that some new Dantcs snouiu
be created. Further than this the Committee
would not go definitely. The same Committee
read reports on the various Bank bills as follows:
Adversely to the Hank at Murphy, Cherokee.
In favor of the Bank of Plymouth. Rejecting
the proposition to increase the Capital Stock of
the Commercial Uauk of Yilminrton. Asramst
the bill to establish a Bank at Pittsboro'. In
favor of chartering the new Bank of Wilming-
ton; also, increasing the capital of the Bank of
Charlotte. Mr Steele gave notice that i
minority report would be brought in agains
increasing the capital stock of the Bank of the
State.
Mr Coficld introduced a bill to lav off a new
County from Cumberland, to be called Tlenry
Mr T. II. W illiams presented a Memoria
sisrned by citizens ot W llminsrton, conccriumr
the Cape Fear and Deep River Navigation
which was ordered to be printed
The engrossed resolution instructing Engineer
Gwvnn to visit the works on the said rivers
was taken np. On motion of Mr Gotten
joint Committee was ordered to be raised to
accompany the Engineer, and report to tlie
General Assembly the true condition of that
Improvement. Cotten wants the Legislature
to go and see.
Mr Gentry introduced a bill to tax all cor
porate bodies except those of a Religions and
Literary character.
The Banking Committee in the Senate made
some important reports, through Mr Wilder, as
follows : Adversely to the Bank of Greensboro';
the Bank of Hillsboro'; aud the Bank of Wil
mington. The bill concerning the Fayetteville and
Centre Plankroad passed its second reading.
The bill proposing an increase of the salaries
of certain public functionaries was rejected by
avote of ayes 20; nays 24.
The afternoon was spent in the making of
Justices of the peace.
Monday, Jan. 8, 1855.
In the Senate, the Free Suffrage bill occupied
most of the session. The proceedings will be
found in full in another column.
In the House of Commons, Mr Waugh
troduced a bill to incorporate
Female High School. Read
the committee on corporations.
An engrossed bill compensating Justices of
the Peace for taking tax lists was read and, on
motion of Mr Whitaker, was recommitted to
the committee on finance with instructions to
report a bill deducting one per cent from the
Sheriff and giving the same as compensation to
the Justices taking the lists.
Banks and Currency. tt T
To the Editors of ) the Standard : (, U
Since my last hasty communication. l nave
had the opportunity of examiuing the reports
as made by the officers of the several Banks
aud looking iuto their respective ciiarters., uuu
am now able to speak with greater accuracy.
There are in this State ten Banks, with ail
authorized capital of not exceeding six millions
two huudrcd thousand dollars, ui tins
there is reported as subscribed and paid 4o,15o,
565, leaving a balance of capital authorized
and not taken of $1,044,435. The Banks thus
chartered, and whose capital has not been fully
taken are
Bauk of Fovetteville, capital , $S0O,OUO
l li
the Fayetteville
and referred to
Shootixg and Probable Mtrder. On the
night of the 6th inst., between 9 and 10 o'clock,
Capt. Elijah Benson, a very quiet and inoffen
sive citizen, of Middle Sound District, was
found on, or beside, the Topsail Plankroad,
about two miles and a half from town, insensi
ble from the effects, apparently, of a shot tired
into the back part of the head and coining out
in front near about the corner of his jaw, Mr
Benson has since remained in the same state iu
which he was found, and, of course, unable to
give any clue to the transaction, which is ex- i
ceediugly mysterious, as he is a man against
whom it is hardly reasonable to suppose that
any one could have a spite. He had been to
town, and also to Mr Green's mill, in his cart,
Nothing in the cart was touched. Mr Ben
son had "apparently been dragged to the side
of the road. Wilmington Journal.
Capt. Benson has since died.
The Mails. A gleam of sunshine, wc are
happy to state, has just appeared, which in all
probability, will dispel the fog in which the
mail facilities of this portion of our State has
for the last few davs been enveloped. An offer
made by the Postoflice Department to pay
$237.50 per mile for a double daily mail service
between Kingsville and Augusta and Charles
ton and Kingsville, and $100 per m:le for a
sinsrle daily service between Kingsville and
Columbia has been, we learn, accepted by the
South Carolina Rail Road Company, provided
the schedules required are not incompatible
with the business of the road. Char. Conner
A distressing accident occurred in the vicin
ity of Pleasant Hill, N. C, on Thursday the
22nd of December last. A young man, or
rather boy, presented his gun, in a playful man
ner, at a young lady (Miss Chamlis,) remarking
at the same time. "I'm a good mind to shoot
you." Unfortunately the gun went off and the
yonng lady received a trignttul it not a mortal
wound in the back part oF lier neck. A portion
of the contents of the gun lodged in the neck
of the young lady and had not when last heard
of been extracted.
The young lady is still in a critical condition
and doubts are eutertained by the attending
Physician of her recovery. 1 ms affair we pre
sume was purely accidental, but it is another
fearful warning to persons carelessly u
lire arms. ' '
taken $380,000, not taken, 420,000
Merchants' Bank of Newbern, capital 300,000
taken $225,000, not taken 70,000
Wadesborough, capital 400,000
taken $269,395, not taken ldU.ouo
Washington, capital - 400,000
taken $300,000, not taken luu.uuu
Farmer's Bank, capital 500,000
taken $270,470, not taken zzy.Diu
Yanceyville, capital 200,000
taken $110,700, not taken y,auu
From which it appears that of the Banks thus
chartered more than a million of dollars remains
unsubscribed, and these charters have yet from
twenty to twentv-five years to run. The points
at which they are located are Fayetteville
Wadesborough, Elizabeth City and Greens
borongh, and Yanceyville. Thus proving that
at these points there is no necessity for any
additional banking capital. From these re
ports of the Banks I am able to present some
further facts of value, and from which I will
rlrnw some inferences of importance to the
public.
Whole amount of capital paid $5,155,565
Aggregate amount of specie 1,308,351
Notes in circulation 6,597,379
Amount of notes discounted 7,781,540
From which it appears the notes of the Banks
in circulation exceed the specie in their vaults
more than five to one, whilst the amount due
the Banks from their debtors exceeds the sum
thus due to the public more than a million of
dollars. It may be admitted that the BanVs
are solvent and fully able in the end to pay
their debts, and yet it is equally clear if pressed
they are not able to do what their charters re
quire them to do, and which on the face of their
notes they have promised to uo, anu inat is to
pav in specie on demand. If we are to judge
from the statements as made by the Banks, the
Bauk of the State, the Commercial Bauk, and
the Bank of Yanceyville seem to have made
the strongest efforts to redeem their promises
and thus supply the wants of the public. In
November, 1853, the Bank of the State had iu
circulation $1,855,799, with 641,744 of specie,
besides other available means on hand. In
November, 1854, her notes in circulation are
reduced to $1,635,157 and her specie to
$372 295, thus showing in the year she had
paid out oue half of her specie. It may be that
the Bank of Cape Fear has been equally honest
in its efforts, but of this I am notable to judge,
as I have not bceu able to find its return for
1853. The report for 1854 states notes in
circulation to be $2,0S3,171 t specie $564,921,
with other available means for redemption. Th
Commercial Bank of Wilmington had in circula
tion at the end of 1853, $620,7S5, with $147,
588 of specie with other means for paying. In
December, 1854, the notes were reduced to
438.635 and specie to $01,716. The Bunk of
Yanceyville had earlv in 1854 notes in circula
tion $175,600 with $73,993 in specie its notes
in the latter part of the year were reduced to
$162,130 and its specie to $35,753. There
turns from the other Banks do not show so
favorable a result. These statements prove
bevond question that the Banks have not been
in "a condition to do what by their charters they
arc required to do to redeem their notes in
specie on demand. I admit the solvency and
ultimate ability to pay; but that is not the
question. Have they been able to keep up,
-it . i i :
and nave mey kcui. uj mjuhu sjiei-ie-iiayiii
The mediation Propodtton. ',1
The following. remarks, (as reported in the
Globe,) made in the House by Mr- Bayly,
chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs,
regard to the proposition to ; tender the
mediation of our government to the belligereuts
in Europe, will probably settle that question.
Mr Bayly, of V irginia. I do not rise, Mr
Chairman, to make a speech in reply to the
gentleman from North Carolina, my colleague
upon Hie VJOmmuiee uu ruruigu Auaua, ui iu
review anything which has fallen from him. But
he has made some remarks which render it
proper that I should say a word or two. He
has referred to the fact that a great deal of
speculation has taken place in the newspapers
in respect to tne resolution presemeu iu uie
House by him. and referred to the committee of
which I have the honor to be chairman.
I believe I can say with entire confidence that,
from feelings of humanity, there is no member
of this House and no person connected with this
o-overnment who would not be glad to see an end
put to this war; but with nations, as with
individuals, it is a very delicate matter to ouer
mediation between parties at war with each
other. I have reason to believe, and can say to
this Honse with entire confidence in my sources
of information, that from the proper quarter
overtures were made upon the part ot this gov
eminent in respect to this matter, and that, upon
the whole, it was not thought advisable for ns
to interfere at all. Such being the case, I shall
not be prepared to sustain the proposition to
mediate on this occasion.
;; GOV. BRAGG'S '.' U
INATJSTJEAL ADDRESS,
Delivered before the G exeral Assembly f
Nokth Carolina, Jan. 1, 1855. ,
Fellow Citizens
of the Senate and House of Commons:
Elected by a majority of the freemen of the
State, to fill the Chiet executive otuce wiimii
their gift, 1 have, in obedience to tneir win anu
the requirements ot tue uonsutniiou, apj.euieu
before yon this day, and solemnly sworn that I
will discharge the duties of the important trust
fmifi.Wl to me. "without favor or affection,
a.rreeahlv to the Constitution and laws of the
O J . . . ! .1 "11 J
State, and according to the best oi ray skui uuu
ability." .
Set- onslv impressed as l am py tne respond
Kiliti'os thus soli'tnnlv assumed, and which are
so well calculated to excite reflection and self-
examination. I shall enter npon the discharge
of my duties, not without distrust ot my quan-
J ...... , i -v ; a. t
fications for the high station to wuicii it mis
pleased my fellow citizens to elevate me; but, at
the same time, with an earnest endeavor, not
only to obtain the approbation of those whose
suffrages I have received, but also to advance
and secure the welfare and prosperity of my
REnrcTiox of the Tariff. At the demo
cratic caucus held in the hall of the House of
Representatives on Wednesday evening week,
the following resolution, offered by the Hon.
George W. Jones, of Tennessee, was adopted,
viz:
Resolved, That it is right and proper that the
duties imposed by law upon goods, wares & mer
chandise imported into the United States from
foreign countries, should be so modified and
reduced at the preseut session of Congress,
preserving the principles of the tariff act of
1846, as will materially diminish the amount of
reveuue annually collected from customs.
Ax ExcorRAGixo Exhibit. We are pleased
to learn that the business of the Wilmington
aud Manchester Road, for the last twelve
months, exhibits an amount of prosperity beyond
the hopes of its warmest triends, and such as to
leave no doubt of its shortly becoming one oi
the most profitable public works in the conutry.
The gross receipts of the Road foot up three
hundred and thirty thousand dollars, ana tne
nett profits one hundred and forty thousand
Hnllfips bfinnr pnnal to seven per cent, upon the
whole cost of the work, stock and loans included.
Wilmington Journal.
Or.n Maids vs. Young Maids. Say what you
will of old maids, their love is generally more
strong and sincere than that of the young milk-and-water
creatures whose hearts vibrate be
tween the joys of wedlock and the dissipations
of the ball-room. Until the young heart of
woman is capable of settling firmly and exclu
sively on oue object,"hcr love is like a May
shower, which makes rainbows, but fills no cisterns.
Visit Defer rf.d. Louis Napoleon has de
ferred his visit to Queen Victoria. The reason
is declared t6 be the oppositon he was likely to
experience from the Chartists of England.
When Louis' intended visit was announced,
the Chartists, remembering that he had volun
teered when in London to act as a special con
stable to put down their public demonstration
in 1838. placarded London with emphatic ap
peals to the masses to give him such a reception
as he deserved.
A Child Killed By a Rat. A most singular
and fatal occurence took place at the house of
Mr B. M. Moris, on Eighth, between Main and
Gary streets, Richmond, about two weeks since
About six months ago, says the Penny Post, a
negro woman in the employment of Mr Morris,
heard her child cry, in the room ucxt to her,
aud went in to see what occasioned it. She
saw as she entered the room, a large rat run
niug off from the child, who was lying on the
floor, and,, upon approaching the infant, she
foauda bite upon its cheek which bled profusely
The mother thought nothing of . the accident,
and about two weeks since was again called
into the room by the crying of her child. Upon
getting kl she saw a large rat leap from the
bed.; and taking upi the iufant, which was about
seven months old. she found that it had been
severely, bitten on the mole of the head. No
attention was paid to the matter, in consequence
of the trifling character of the wound," and afew
hours afterwards the child died. -Dr : Wilson,
who had the case under consideration, gave it
as his opinion that the death of the child was
caused by the bite upon its neaa.
currency? They most certainly have not. Hence
their notes out of the State have been as low
as three per cent discouut, and specie drafts are
l 1 ft t i . I U l l
not to bo nau. -vim yet inesc iauivs nave one
and all been dividing from eight to ten per
cent; and this as I shall show is one of the
great evils of our present liankmg system, and
which demands the attention of the Legislature.
The provision in their charters oi twelve per
cent interest on the failure of the Bank to pay
on demand ha.s proven of no value. What has
been the result? 1 he Banks have resorted to
all sorts of tricks and evasions to avoid these
demands. Those that have Branches issue
notes payable at remote and distant periods,
and the others issue nothing but small bills,
and even these they manage not to pay. If
vou desire a one hundred, fifty, or even twenty
dollar bill you will be unable to find it. The
result is gold and silver is not to be had, and
our circulating currency consists of one, two,
three and four dollar bills, and very rarel' a
five or ten note. Yet with these facts staring
us in the face and meeting ns in every monied
transaction, the Legislature is asked to add to
our present Banking capital twelve millions of
dollars. Save us from such consummate rashness.
Iu my next I propose to present same further
objections to free banking and banking on stocks,
and to offer some suggestions as to what in my
judgment ought to be done. PUBLIUS.
The Beard. Dr. Sanborn, of Andover, ably
defends the beard in a late number of the Bos
ton Medical aud Surgical Journal. He takes the
ground that the custom of shaving the beard is
alwavs attended or followed by a marked de
terioration in the physical organization, not
only of the existing race of people but the race
to come, lie says that the aboriginal inhabi
tants of our sou and climate were brave, pow
erful and numerous; but they nprooted the
beard from their faces, and consequently grew
more and more effeminate with every genera
tion, aud until they became an easy prey to
their enemies, are themselves uprooted from the
face of the earth. , He cites the Chinese as a
people who have been shorn of their locks aud
their strenght, till as a nation they have only a
mere nominal existence, and he says of the Jews,
whose creed it is to preserve unmarred "the
corner ot their beards," that ne never saw a
case of pauperism, premature physical debility,
or premature disease among them. . The nobili
ty ot bpain adopted the habit ot shaving
through courtesy to their beardless prince. The
mass were of course subjected to the humiliating
process, but expressed their repugnance to the
outrage in the well known proverb "Since
we lost onr beards we have lost our souls,"
that is ourselves, our identity. We are rather
soulless slaves than the men oar Maker made
and designed us to be. ,
figi?" At a called meeting of the Commissioners
of the Town of Fayetteville, held iu the office of the
Town this day, at 7 o'clock. 1. M-. (ilh Jan"y 18.V,
Wni. Warden. E.sq., was unanimously chosen Treas
urer of the Town.
appointed Chief Fire W arden.
" 1st Assistant
C li Mallett,
S T llawlev,
A M Campbell,
J II Cook.
C A McMillan,
Thos Waddill,
J D Williams,
2d
3d
4th
5th
tith
COMMITTEE OF VIGII-AXCE.
Ward Xo. 1. C D Nixon, W J Russell. Jas Sandy.
" No. 2. A McLean F D Breece, M McKiunon.
No. 3. II A McSwain. S Iloon, E -I Lilly.
" No. 4. WTHoriie.JMAVilliams,JMcGilvary.
" Noi" 5. A A McKethan, T C Fuller. P Sbemwell.
No. 6. Win McLaurin. C Lutterloh, JasIIuske.
No. 7. Win Warden, W Draughon, E W Barge.
Ordered, That an election Ik; held on Saturday even
ing next for the following Officers, viz :
Tax Collector, Special Justice. Town Constable,
Clerk of the Market, Director of Patrol for Upper and
Lower Favetteville. Standard Keeper, Keeper of the
Towu Clock, Keeper of Powder Magazine, Street Com
missioner, and Superintendent of Grave Yard.
From the Minutes, W. Of. il.miitlVS, fjlerh:
NOTICE.
The sulscribcr offers for sale Seventeen Hundred
and Fifty Acres of LAND in the lower edsre of Moore
county, about 3D miles west of Fayetteville, aud two
miles south ot buwer Liittlc mver. mere are aooui
100 acres of cleared Land under fence and in a state
of cultivation, with a comfortable Dwelling and all
necessary out-houses.; Also, a never-lailing stream
running through the centre of the land, suitable for
Saw and Grist Mill. Tue land is well timoerea lor
turpentine or lumber. There is a good range for cat
tle, boirs. and sheen.
This land will be offered at PUBL1U SALh m tne
town of Carthage on Tuesday the 23d day of Ja,nuary
JJl'.i..-Vi." JU. diju e.
January 4. 1&55. 27-3t-pd
. UPPER LITTLE RIVER KAVICATIOJ CdfflPlHT.
Notice is hereby jriven, that Books of Subscription
to the ' Stock of the Upper Little River Navigation
Company are now opened at the nouses' or the under
signed, and will be kept open antil the 15th of February-
next.
JNO. W. McKAT. -KENNETH
MURCHISON.
Commissioners.
Sommcrville, N. C, Dec. 30, 1854. 27-6t
GENERAL GROCERY STORE
Is the Wagox Yard Bon.nixos.
The subscribers respectfully inform their friends
and the public generally, that they have opened
Store two doors above the l'ost umce, wnere tney in
tend keeping a good and general assortment of
Groceries, Provisions, fyc.
They request a share of public patronage.
CHARLES HARMSEN & CO.
January 6. 3m
COMMERCIAL RECORD. '
ARRIVED AT FAYETTEVILLE.
Jan. 6 Str Flora McDonald (Cape Fear Line) with
croods for D Murphy, S D Voglcr, ti Belo, tnionto
B Coffin, W A Lash, J J Leach, n L Mvrover & Co,
j; Dowler, J M Worth & Co. G S Martin, Elkin Co, A
Brower, U M Lash & Co, W T Jenkins & Co, J II Foust
M Richardson, Edwards & Cockerham, E Benbow, E &
A Benbow, Island Ford Co, Dillon, Johnson & Co
Lassiter & Co, Tomlinson, English & Co, Jerrall & Al-
bertson, Worth & Utley, S Young, C A Brown, M Ray
& Co, Silver llill Co, A A McKethan, K 1 Long, S J
Hinsdale, J Piggott & Son, T Regan, S D Vestal, W &
A Welch, C G Yates, II Wright, W C Porter, K Jray
S Bingham, E H Lineback, R H Welch, G W Williams
A Co, Murchison, Keid & Co.
Jan 8 Str Sun (Orrell's Line) with goods for W N
Tillinghast, G W Williams & Co, H C Robinson, C B
Mallett. S J Hinsdale. T C Fuller, R Mitchell, W H
Carver, W J Yates, J G Cook. J W Dick.
Jan 7 Str Fanny (Lutterloh &Co's line) with good:
for J W Baker, J N Smith, J O Boon, E J Hale & Son
J W Long, S J Hinsdale, W Mclntyre, C Lutterloh
A E Taylor, Webb &Bro, C A Brown, Mrs W P Mallett
P C Smith, J W Powers, S T Hawley, Maj Laidley, A
Johnson & Co.
v Jan 8 Str Rowan (Lutterloh's line) with goods for
J W Powers & Co, Beaver Creek Co, G-McNeill, J N
Smith. W Mclntyre, S W Tillinghast & Co, W S Foulkes,
E J Hale. J P Covington, N.Gibson, P C Smith, Snow
Camp Co, T S Lutterloh, C E Leete, J WBaker, Troy &
Marsh, (J Harrison & Uo, J Price, ti N Nasson, A Sessom
D Coar. Bryant & Pritchett, P P Johnson, WR Valen
tine, WN Tillinghast, J Kyle, Dr B x V enable, C
Lutterloh, Jerral & Albertson.
native State.
Fortunatelv. however, for mj'self and for the
host interests of the State. I shall not be un
aided in the execution of my office. For
while to the freemen of the State belongs the
power of electing their Governor, to the Gen
eral Assembly, under the Constitution, is con
Puled the selection of his Council a body which
it will be my duty as well as my pleasure, on
all important occasions, to consult, aud in
whose wisdom and experience I shall at all
times confidently rely.
It has not been usual, I believe, for those
trim ViVf rriffM led me in ruv office, to enter
fully, on occasions like the present, into an ex
pression of their opinions and views upon ques
tions pending before the people' or in the Legis
lative Halls of the State. Nor, 1 suppose, is
it expected of me now to depart from a course,
sanctioned by usage, and perhaps proper in
itself. Yet, I am now, aud trust I ever shall
be ready, on all proper occasions, toexpress my
opinions and take my fair share of responsibility
touching every question wnicii may concern ie
interest, the welfare and the prosperity of our
ripimle.
1 hope, however, in order to avoid misconcep
tion that I shall be pardoned for a slight de
parture from the usage to which I have ad
verted, in now making a brief reference to some
matters of public moment, which hitherto have
lip.on much discussed throughout the State, and
in relation to which there has been aud is still
a deep and abiding interest felt.
Prominent among these has been the question
of so amending our State Constitution, as to
extend the right of suffrage, by abrogating the
freehold qualification for Senatorial voters. It
would be a waste of words, as wen as useless
consumption of time, to discuss the merits of
that question here; it has already been thorough
ly discussed, and in my opinion there is no ques
tion in regard to which there has been a clearer
and less equivocal expression of public senti
ment. i Time and again has it come before the people,
innd on every occasion, through the I. road ex-
nsnsf. of the State, and from the sea shore of
the East to the mountain summits of the West,
their voice has been heard in its favor.
Tn our last State canvas3 it ceased to be a
subject upon the merits of which, save with
here and there an exception, there was any
controversy. It was virtually conceded on all
hands, that the amendment was one not omj
desired by a very large majority of our people,
but which" was right and proper in itself. If
controversy there was, it was only ns to the
in fans ot effectiiisr the change : whether it should
be done by the Legislative or Conventional
mode of amending the Constitution. I need not
at length reiterate here my opinions on that
subject; they were freely and repeatedly ex
pressed iu almost every section of the State,
and were substantially the same that were enter
tained and expressed time after time, both offi
cially and unofficially, by my immediate prede-
ccssor. It will be sniiicieut ior me io say uiai
ave seen no cause to change these opinions,
sanctioned as they have been, so often, by the
popular vote.
Changes in our fundamental taw snouiu noi
be made for slight or transient reasons. Ihe
wise men who formed our Constitution, so in
tended, and they have well provided, in the
instrument itself, safeguards against such evils.
Rut when a change is proposed which all agree
should be made, a careful consideration of the
subject has led me to the conclusion that there
is uo way in winch it can be done, so practica
ble, so economicaj, and withal so safe and con
servative in its character, as that ot hrst re
quiring the sanction of the large Constitutional
majorities in each branch ot two successive
Legislatures, anil the subsequent ratiheation oi
the ?roiosed amendment, bv a direct vote of
I I "
the people themselves.
There is another subject that lias attracteu
in a large degree, the attention cf the people of
the State, aud which, from its very great im
portance, deserves more than ; the brief notice
which I shall bestow upon it on the present
occasion. I allude to the subject oi internal
improvement.
The natural resources of our btate, in an
agricultural, mineral and commercial poiut of
view, are certainly srreat: but thev need the
assistance of those artificial means which the
science and capital of our day have so wonder
fully supplieo, to the end that they may be mi
nroved and developed. These are facts about
which all will agree, while there may be some
difference of opinion as to the extent to which
the State should embark in a system of Kail
road improvements, especially at this time.
Wild and visionary schemes should at all times
be discouraged, and especially now; we have
seen the evil effects of such enterprises in other
States of the Union, where raillious have beeu
irretrievably sunk in unproductive works ot the
kind, and which has tended iu no little degree,
to produce the present disastrous condition in
the monetary affairs of the country.
Rut unfortunately for North Carolina, though
the financial wave which has spread from the
great commercial centre of the Union, has not
left her unharmed, yet her public debt is com
paratively small, and entirely within her means
her credit is uuimpaired, her currency in a sound
though necessarily contracted condition, and
the great mass of her people comparatively free
from debt and unembarrassed in their circum
stances.
While, therefore, the present derangement in
the business and monetary concerns of the
country counsels us to tne exercise ot a proper
prudence and caution, it should not, in my opm
ion, prevent the prosecution of a liberal system
of improvement, and especially the completion
ot our great central work, and its further ex
tension East and West, as rapidly as may be
consistent with the means, 1 the ability and the
credit of the State. ' '
It must be admitted by all that the present
financial revulsion, brought about asf it has
oeen, mainiy oj tne extravagance, recklessness,
and in sonie'cascs dishonesty of individuate and t
corporations in other sections of the country, -
has largely; increased, tne uimcuiues under
which we; labor in prosecuting for the persent,
any extended plan of improvement. lint the
ereat aud well-known resources of the country,
& - -. i t - i. i . - . ... i - i-
and the deep anu sonu loiuiuauona ujiuu uuu
rests its ultimate prosperity, cannot fail, at an
early day, to restore business to its accustomed
channels, and cause 'capital to seek for safe
investment, and thus enable the estate, it sne
desires it, to resort successfully, as she has done
heretofore, to the nse of her credit for the
prosecution ofher public works, and the amelio
ration Ot the COnuillOU oi our -peupie.
We live in a time, if I may so speak, of exces
sive progress; and I know that it has been said,
perhapsVith some truth, that North Carolina
has been a laggard in the race of her sister
States. Rut there are times when it is safer, at
least, to be in the rear than iu the frout. She
has thrown off her lethargy, and I trust that
time will show, that she has the means, the
ability, and the will to run with Euccess the
race set before her.
A few words more, and I will trespass no
longer upon your time or attention.
Occasions like the present, though of fre
quent occurrence iu the different States of our
Union, and in a still more striking manner, at
the seat of our National Government, are,
nevertheless, well calculated to excite in our
bosoms a patriotic fervor. Not because of the
elevation of any man to office, and least of all
one so humble as myself, but as illustrating,
peculiarly and forcibly, our own American sys
tem ot tjovernment ; a system imeuueui uy h
framcrs to solve, and which it has been our
boast has solved, the problem of man's capacity
to govern himself a system peculiar in itself,
and arising in some degree out of onr peculiar
situation when it was instituted partly federa-
. i i i 4.r
tive or natioual partly locai one uui ui
many; a system calculated perhaps in a greater
desrree for extension, ami at the same time for
and strength, than any other lorm ot
free government hitherto devised by the wit of
man, with no privileged classes, civu, mili
tary, or religious no prince, potentate or King
no rulers but the people with laws adopted
under forms of government instituted by them
selves, and administered by officers of tbeir
own selection.
We have seen one Chief Execntive officer
after another, both in our State and National
Governments, elected by the people, and in
stalled in office, quietly and without distur
bance, and again returning to the walks of pri
vate life. In two iustanccs in our National
Government, on the demise of the rresider.t of
the United States, the Vice President has suc
ceeded quietly to that exalted station. And
in our own State it appears that more thnn
once, upon the vacation of the gubernatorial
office, the powers of Governor, in accordance
with the provisions of the Constitution, hare
been exercised by the Speaker of the Senate
for the time being, without hindrance and with
out detriment to the State; thus testing time
and again, our system of Government under
various circumstances and emergencies, and
showing a ready acquiescence on the part of
our peple to forms and laws prescribed by
themselves.
In view of these things, the question naturally Fiip
gests itself to every reliecting and patriotic mind, can
this system be preserved and perpetuated? Will it l,e
maintained in all its beauty, harmony and' usefulness,
and transmitted unimpaired to those w ho come after
us? Or does it contain within itself the seeds of dis
ease, some vicious principle which sooner or later ivill
work its dissolution ?
Hitherto, notwithstanding the occasional jarring of
some discordant elements, it lias proved eminently t-ue-cessful.
But it is believed thai it eau only continue
to le so. by strictly confining the action of our Nation
al Government to its limited constitutional sphere,
leaving to the States the free and uiiinteiiiip1 d e.ir
cise of all the powers reserved to them or to the p o
ple by observance of a spirit of justice, nu -"el-atiou
and forltearauce towards each other, by the different
States of the Union and their people, and by a bulli
ful compliance with all their obligations coustitutieiiiil
and legal.
If on the contrary, the powers of the General Gov
ernment, instituted by equals, and made for the bene
fit of us all. are so perverted and wieldid as to nuike
war upon one particular section if the peculiar insti
tutions tf the States of that section are to be unci ;u
ingly assailed by those who have propei ly and right
fully no concern in the matter if our Constitutional
rights and the laws passed to give them practical ef
fect, are to le utterly set at naimlit and in their stend
rampant and self-sancf itied fanaticitni is to rule,
then the days of our republic will have been numinr-
ed. and we tall cease to le a united people.
We cannot shut our eyes, and ought not if we
ould. to the spectacle which has latelv l.eeu m-eser.t-
'd iu the non-slaveholding States of this Union, and to
the efforts which have there been made, unfortunati ly
with too much success, to array section against section,
nd people against people.
We have Ikjcii charged with aggression, wui
have been the party aggrieved; we point, for example,
to the constitutional provision for the reclamation of
our property, aud ask for the execution ot the law
Kissed to give it practical enect. w e arc toni iiy
many that that law must te repeaieu, anu ny inn
few, that there is a "higher law" than the Constitution
tself. in the breasts ot Northern freemen, and that uie
free North is not to 1m? made a hunting ground for the
laves of the South. We ask to le admitted to an
equal participation in the common inheritance ami
common acquisitions of the country, and are content to
cave with everv people the settlement of its own ic-
mcstic relations iu its own way. But we are told that
slavery must be confined to its present limits, and that
there shall be no more slave territories or slave Mates.
The day may come, perhaps it will be too late, when
our Northern brethren will discover 'hat the southern
States intend to be " equals in the Union, or indepen
dent out of it."
God grant that this dire alternative may never be
presented to us ! Hitherto we have been singularly
blessed as a people; and it we are wise and wais m
His way, we have every reason to believe that a won
derful destiny awaits us.
May He so lucline the hearts or us all that we ma)
cease to do evil, and learn to do well; and that we may
sacredly maintain in all their integrity, the glorious
institutions handed down to us by our ancestors, anu
transmit them unimpaired to our latest posterity.
DISSOLUTION.
The firm of AbEX'R JOHNSON & CO. is this day
dissolved by mutual consent, and the business will be
continued at their old stand by Alex'r Johnson. Jr..
who win attend to tne settlement of the business oi
the late firm, and is fully authorized to use the name
of the firm in liquidation.
JSB All persons indebted will please call and settle.
ALKX-K JOHNSON, Jr.
JOHN CROW.
Fayetteville, Jan. 1, 1855. St
- : o
ALEXANDER JOHNSOX, Jr.
Having taken the STOCK on hand, will continue fhe
business on his own account, and would be pleased to
see all his old friends, customers, and the public gen
erally, as he will sell the Stock on hand at REDUCED
PRICES, so as to close the old business.
Thankful for a liberal patronage bestowed on.tlie em
firm, he hopes, by keeping a good Stock and giving
prompt attention to business, to merit a continuance of
the same. ALEX'R JOHNSON, Jr-
January 1, 1855
DENTAL NOTICE.
D. W. C. BENBOW) Itocal Dentist,
Would respectfully announce to the citi
zens of Fayetteville and vicinity, that
he intends leaving here on the a" "
Feb'y, to be absent, on a visit North, until the -w
March. He hopes by this timely notice inai -.
will lie disappoiuted m not finding
him daring '
N. B. He, usually keeps his appointments vnj
punctually. . . ....
Jan. 1, 1855." U ' '", 27-5t , ' . , ..
Turpentine Axes at ;
Jan'y'lO.
T.WADDILL'S.